JPH09216784A - Lifting device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To reduce a rotational torque so as to smoothly rotate a cylindrical magnetic body, by alternately arranging magnetic bodies and non-magnetic bodies along the width direction of pole pieces, and forming slits only to the magnetic bodies at both ends of the pole pieces. SOLUTION: Magnetic bodies and non-magnetic bodies are alternately arranged along the width direction of pole pieces 19a, 19b so as to be magnetically divided from each other. Therefore, a line of magnetic force concentrating part may not be generated in the pole pieces 19a, 19b. When the rotation of the cylindrical magnetic body is speeded up, respective contact dimensions between the pole piece 19a and a yoke 7b, and between the pole piece 19b and a yoke 7a, are further increased. At this time, the line of magnetic force generated from the N pole (pole piece 19b) of a main magnet 10 is further increased. Therefore, smooth adsorption operating can be executed. The whole line of magnetic force generated from an auxiliary magnet 13 and the main magnet 10 composes a magnetic circuit through an adsorbed material 14, and the adsorption operation is completed.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a permanent magnet type hoisting device for adsorbing and hoisting a magnetic material such as steel material and used for transportation, and more particularly to a device for switching attachment / detachment by rotating a built-in permanent magnet. Regarding

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As shown in FIG. 11, a conventional lifting device of this type has a magnetic circuit part 1 and a magnetic shield plate 2 made of a non-magnetic material.
And a substrate 3 having a suspending metal portion 4 for supporting the magnetic circuit portion via the, and these are integrally assembled by a bolt 5. The magnetic circuit unit 1 has a pair of yokes 7a made of a ferromagnetic material (iron, steel, etc.) having attraction surfaces 6a, 6b,
7b and spacers 8a, 8b made of a non-magnetic material (austenitic stainless steel, aluminum alloy, etc.) interposed between them, and the holes 9 formed between the yokes 7a, 7b and the spacers 8a, 8b. Have.
Inside the hole 9, a rotatable cylindrical magnet body 12 composed of a pair of pole pieces 11 a and 11 b having different polarities and a main magnet 10 is arranged on the outer peripheral surface. A sub magnet 13 magnetized in the same direction as the pair of yokes is fixed to the upper portion of the spacer 8a.

In FIG. 11, the magnetic pole on the right side of the paper of the sub magnet 13 is an N pole, and the magnetic pole on the right side of the paper of the main magnet 10 is an S pole.
Magnetic field lines 15a, 16a generated from the N pole of the sub magnet 13,
After passing the main magnet 10 through the yoke 7a and the pole piece 11a, 17a and 18a pass through the pole piece 11 on the opposite side.
b, a magnetic circuit passing through the yoke 7b and returning to the sub magnet 13 is configured. That is, since the attraction surfaces 6a and 6b are in a non-excited state in which no magnetic force is generated, the lines of magnetic force do not pass through the object to be attracted 14 and the lifting function does not work. Since the magnetic force lines forming the above magnetic circuit pass through the path having the smallest magnetic resistance, that is, the shortest path of the yokes 7a and 7b, the magnetic force line concentrated portions 27a and 27b are formed in the pole pieces 11a and 11b.

FIG. 12 shows a state in which the cylindrical magnet body 12 is rotated counterclockwise by 45 ° from the position shown in FIG. In FIG. 12, the pole piece 11 is rotated along with the rotation of the cylindrical magnet body 12.
The contact area between a and 11b and the yoke 7a and the yoke 7b is reduced. However, only by changing the positions of the magnetic force line concentrated portions 27a and 27b, the magnetic force lines generated from the N pole of the sub magnet 13 pass through the main magnet 10 and S of the sub magnet 13 as in the case of FIG.
It constitutes a magnetic circuit that returns to the pole. Therefore, the object to be adsorbed 14
It can be understood that the formation of the magnetic circuit does not occur, and there is no change in the magnetic circuit configuration and the magnetic force during the transition from FIG. 11 to FIG.

FIG. 13 shows a state in which the cylindrical magnet body 12 is further rotated counterclockwise by 45 ° from the position shown in FIG. FIG.
In the case of, the magnetic pole on the right side of the auxiliary magnet 13 in the drawing is the N pole, and the main magnet 1
The magnetic pole on the upper side of the page of 0 is the S pole. In FIG. 13, the magnetic force line 15 a generated from the N pole of the sub magnet 13 constitutes a magnetic circuit that returns to the S pole of the sub magnet 13 after passing through the non-adsorbed substance 14. However, the magnetic field lines 16a similarly generated constitute a closed magnetic circuit that returns via the pole piece 11a. Further, the magnetic force lines 17a and 18a generated from the N pole (pole piece 11b) of the main magnet 10 are connected to the yoke 7a or 7b.
After passing through the S pole of the main magnet 10 (pole piece 11a)
To form a closed magnetic circuit.

In general, an attractive force is generated on the contact surface of the closed magnetic circuit, which is composed of magnetic force. Therefore, an action of hindering the rotation of the cylindrical magnet body 12 that is rotatably provided works.
In particular, the influence of the closed magnetic circuit formed by the magnetic force lines 16a and 16b in FIG. 13 is great.

FIG. 14 shows a state in which the cylindrical magnet body 12 is further rotated counterclockwise by 90 ° from the position shown in FIG. FIG.
In the case of, the magnetic poles of the main magnet 10 and the sub magnet 13 are both N poles on the right side of the drawing and are in a repulsive state. That is, since the attraction surfaces 6a and 6b are in an excited state in which a magnetic force is generated, the magnetic force lines 15a, 16a, 17a and 18a generated from the N poles of the main magnet 10 and the sub magnet 13 on the right side of the paper surface are the yoke 7a and the attraction. A magnetic circuit that enters the object to be attracted 14 via the surface 6a, passes through the attraction surface 6b and the yoke 7b on the opposite side, and then returns to the S pole on the left side of the main magnet 10 and the sub magnet 13 in the drawing is configured. That is, the lifting function works and the object 14 can be lifted.

The rotatable cylindrical magnet body is most stable against the rotational force when it constitutes a magnetic circuit with a strong magnetic force with the sub magnet or the object to be attracted through the yoke. When the orientation of the magnetic poles of the cylindrical magnet body reaches the vicinity of the magnetic poles, a magnetic rotational attraction force that tends to approach a stable state is generated with a change in magnetic force with rotation. Therefore, in order for the cylindrical magnet body to rotate smoothly, it is desirable that the magnetic force of the magnetic circuit passing through the yoke changes with the rotation of the cylindrical magnet body.

[0009]

However, since the conventional hoisting device does not magnetically change due to the rotation of the cylindrical magnet body as described above when performing the suction work, a high rotating torque is always kept above a certain level. However, the cylindrical magnet body cannot be smoothly rotated because it is required and a closed magnetic path is formed inside the hoisting device. It is an object of the present invention to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned conventional techniques and provide a hoisting device that enables a smooth suction operation.

[0010]

In order to achieve the above object, in the present invention, a pair of yokes facing each other via a spacer composed of a fixing sub-magnet and a non-magnetic material and each having an attracting surface. A yoke body having a cylindrical hole formed by the spacer and the yoke; a cylindrical magnet body rotatably arranged in the hole; and a pair of different polarities on the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical magnet body. In a hoisting device having a magnetic circuit structure constituted by a pole piece of
In the magnetic circuit, the fixing sub-magnet and the spacer forming the yoke body are arranged vertically asymmetrically with respect to a horizontal line passing through the cylindrical hole, and the magnetic poles of the cylindrical magnet body are not excited. At the initial stage of rotation (0 to 1/8 rotation position) when the state shifts from the state to the excited state, the pole piece has a structure capable of coming into contact with the spacer, and along the width direction of the pole piece. The technical means of arranging the magnetic material portions and the non-magnetic material portions alternately and providing the slits only on the magnetic material portions at both ends of the pole piece was adopted. Further, in the present invention, the pole piece may have a plurality of slits along the width direction thereof, and the depth of the slits at both end portions on both sides of the pole piece may be shallower than the depths of the other slits.

According to the above construction, since the magnetic force of the magnetic circuit passing through the yoke changes with the rotation of the cylindrical magnet body in the attraction work, a smooth attraction work can be performed.

[0012]

1 shows an embodiment of a pole piece according to the present invention. In FIG. 1, the magnetic pieces 20 and the non-magnetic pieces 21 are alternately arranged on the pole piece 19 along the width direction (the horizontal direction of the paper surface). Further, the slit 23 is provided only in the magnetic body portion 22 at the end of the pole piece 19. FIG. 2 shows a cylindrical magnet body 12 provided with the pole piece 19 shown in FIG. The magnetic material portion and the non-magnetic material portion may be formed of the same materials as those of the yoke and the spacer described above, respectively. FIG. 3 shows the structure of the yoke body 70 according to the embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 3, the cylindrical magnet body 12 (see FIG. 2) provided in the cylindrical hole 9 is rotated counterclockwise to change from the non-excited state (excited state) to the excited state (non-excited state). The structure when switching is shown. In the case of FIG. 3, the spacer and the sub magnet are vertically asymmetrical with respect to the horizontal line passing through the center C of the cylindrical hole 9, and the spacer 8a and the sub magnet 13 are located on the right side of the drawing and the spacer 8b is located on the right side. The structure is shifted to the left side of the paper. In the present invention, in order to cause an appropriate change in the magnetic force of the magnetic circuit, as shown in FIG. 3, the extension line of the left end portion of the auxiliary magnet 13 and the spacer 8a and the extension line of the right end portion of the spacer 8b are both cylindrical. It is desirable to have a structure that passes through the center C of the hollow hole 9.

An embodiment of a hoisting device in which the cylindrical magnet body 12 shown in FIG. 2 is incorporated in the yoke body structure shown in FIG. 3 is shown in FIG.
Shown in In FIG. 4, parts having the same functions as those of the conventional example are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof will be omitted. The hoisting device shown in FIG. 4 is in a non-excited state, and the pole pieces 19a and 19b are magnetically divided because magnetic bodies and non-magnetic bodies are alternately arranged in the width direction. Therefore, in the non-excited state of the conventional example, FIG.
Unlike the pole pieces 19a and 19b, the magnetic force line concentrated portion does not occur.

FIG. 5 shows a state in which the cylindrical magnet body 12 is rotated counterclockwise by 45 ° from the position shown in FIG. In the state shown in FIG. 5, the contact area between the pole pieces 19a and 19b and the yokes 7a and 7b decreases as the cylindrical magnet body 12 rotates, as in FIG. 12 of the conventional example. However, unlike FIG. 12, the pole pieces 19a and 19b are magnetically divided in the width direction in FIG.
The magnetic lines of force do not pass through the portions where a and 19b are in contact with the spacers 8a and 8b, and the magnetic force of the magnetic circuit passing through the cylindrical magnet body 12 is reduced. Therefore, according to the present embodiment, the magnetic force of the magnetic circuit passing through the cylindrical magnet body decreases with the rotation of the cylindrical magnet body, so that the generation of a magnetic rotational attraction force is suppressed and the rotating work of the cylindrical magnet body is smoothed. Can be done Magnetic field lines 15a, 1 that cannot pass through the cylindrical magnet body 12
6a enters the object to be adsorbed 14 through the yoke 7a and the suction surface 6a, and after passing through the suction surface 6b and the yoke 7b on the opposite side,
A new magnetic circuit for returning to the sub magnet 13 is begun to be constructed.

FIG. 6 shows a state in which the cylindrical magnet body 12 is further rotated counterclockwise by 45 ° from the position shown in FIG. In the case of FIG. 6, the magnetic pole direction of the main magnet 10 is the vertical direction of the paper surface. As the rotation of the cylindrical magnet body 12 progresses from FIG. 5 to FIG. 6, the pole piece 19a starts contacting the yoke 7b, and the pole piece 19b starts contacting the yoke 7a. At this time, the magnetic force line 17a generated from the N pole (pole piece 19b) of the main magnet 10 enters the object to be attracted 14 via the yoke 7a and the attracting surface 6a, passes through the attracting surface 6b and the yoke 7b on the opposite side, and A new magnetic circuit for returning to the S pole (pole piece 19a) of the magnet 10 is started. Further, since the positions of the spacers 8a and 8b are displaced from each other in the lateral direction of the drawing with respect to the center line of the hoisting device, and the pole piece 19a is magnetically divided in the width direction, it occurs in FIG. 13 of the conventional example. The magnetic circuit such as the magnetic lines of force 16a and 16b which has been performed is not generated, and the smooth suction work can be performed.

FIG. 7 shows a state in which the cylindrical magnet body 12 further rotates counterclockwise by 45 ° from the position shown in FIG. As the rotation of the cylindrical magnet body 12 progresses from FIG. 6 to FIG. 7, the pole piece 19a and the yoke 7b and the pole piece 19b and the yoke 7 are rotated.
The contact area of each of a is further increased. At this time, the magnetic lines of force generated from the N pole (pole piece 19b) of the main magnet 10 further increase. Therefore, even when the rotation of the cylindrical magnet body 12 progresses from FIG. 6 to FIG. 7, the magnetic force lines generated from the main magnet 10 increase, so that a smooth attracting work can be performed. Finally, all the magnetic lines of force generated from the sub magnet 13 and the main magnet 10 constitute a magnetic circuit via the attracted substance 14, and the attraction work is completed. Further, the work of detaching the object 14 to be adsorbed can be smoothly performed by a series of work from FIG. 7 to FIG.

FIG. 8 shows another embodiment of the pole piece.
In FIG. 8, the pole piece 24 is provided with a plurality of slits 26 along the width direction (the horizontal direction of the paper surface).
The depth of the slits 23 at the innermost ends of the pole pieces 26 is smaller than the depth of the other slits 25. The plurality of slits 26 is the pole piece 1 of the first embodiment.
As with the non-magnetic member portion 21 disposed on the pole piece 2, the pole piece 2
4 has a function of magnetically dividing. Therefore, the hoisting device (not shown) having the pole piece 24 installed therein can also smoothly perform the suction work as in the hoisting device of the first embodiment.

When the adhesion between the pole piece and the main magnet during mass production is examined, the end portion of the pole piece may be different due to variations in the dimensions of the pole piece and the main magnet or variations in the adhesion position of the pole piece and the main magnet depending on the adhesion state. It has been found that there is a case where magnetic force is not involved, and in this case, a phenomenon in which the magnetic force is not smoothly switched, that is, the rotation of the cylindrical magnet body is not smoothly performed. Therefore, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 8, it is more effective to smoothly divide the both ends of the pole piece and to provide a slit having a shallow depth in order to smoothly rotate the cylindrical magnet body. It turned out to be an effective means.

A hoisting device according to the present invention shown in FIG. 4 and FIG.
The conventional hoisting device shown in FIG. 1 was manufactured, and the results of comparing the rotational torques when rotating the cylindrical magnet body are described below. FIG. 9 shows a lifting device according to the present invention. The main dimensions and materials of each part are as follows. Yoke body 70: 130 × 90 × 200 mm Yokes 7a, 7b: SS41 Spacers 8a, 8b: SUS304 Cylindrical magnet body 12: Outer diameter 45 × 200 mm Main magnet 10: 30 × 26 × 180 mm Nd-Fe-B system rare earth magnet (Hitachi) Metal HS-40A
H) Sub magnet 13:30 x 13 x 200 mm (HS-40AH) Pole pieces 19a, 19b: S45C (magnetic part 2
0), SUS304 (non-magnetic body portion 21) rotating handle 28: 15 × 18 × 250 mm (S45C) Further, the conventional lifting device is the same as the above lifting device except that the pole pieces 11a and 11b are entirely SS41. It has the same configuration.

The results obtained by the rotary handle drive test using the above lifting device are shown in FIG. This test was conducted with the lifting device placed on a magnetic body (not shown). In FIG. 10, the horizontal axis represents the rotation angle of the cylindrical magnet body 12, and the vertical axis represents the relative torque required to rotate the cylindrical magnet body 12.

From FIG. 10, it can be understood that the conventional hoisting device has higher relative torque and less change with respect to the rotation angle than the hoisting device according to the present invention. Further, in the case of the conventional lifting device, the rotation angle at which the magnetic poles of the cylindrical magnet body change
It is clear that the relative torque temporarily becomes the highest in the vicinity of 0 °, which means that it is not practical.

On the other hand, in the case of the lifting device according to the present invention, the relative torque decreases as the rotation progresses from the non-excitation state, that is, the rotation angle of 0 °, and the rotation angle is 9 as in the conventional lifting device.
It was found that the relative torque temporarily increases near 0 °, but after the rotation angle of 90 °, the relative torque increases substantially symmetrically as the rotation progresses. Further, it can be seen that the relative torque required to rotate the cylindrical magnet body is significantly reduced as compared with the conventional hoisting device, and a smooth attraction work can be performed.

[0023]

As described above, according to the present invention, the magnetic body portions and the non-magnetic body portions are alternately arranged along the width direction of the pole piece, and the magnetic body portions at both ends of the pole piece are arranged. By providing the slit only in the suction operation, the magnetic force of the magnetic circuit through the yoke changes with the rotation of the cylindrical magnet body during the suction operation, so that the smooth suction operation can be performed.
Further, according to the present invention, a plurality of slits are provided along the width direction of the pole piece, and the same effect can be obtained even if the depth of the slits at both ends of the pole piece is formed to be shallower than the depths of the other slits. Can be obtained.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view of a pole piece according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a front view of a cylindrical magnet body according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a front view showing a yoke body structure of the lifting device according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a front view showing a non-excited state of the lifting device according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a front view showing an intermediate state between a non-excited state and an excited state of the lifting device according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a front view showing an intermediate state between a non-excited state and an excited state of the lifting device according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a front view showing a magnetized state of the lifting device according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a front view of a pole piece according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a front view of the lifting device according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a relationship between a rotation angle and a relative torque in a cylindrical magnet body.

FIG. 11 is a front view showing a non-excited state of a conventional hoisting device.

FIG. 12 is a front view showing an intermediate state between a non-excited state and an excited state of a conventional hoisting device.

FIG. 13 is a front view showing an intermediate state between a non-excited state and an excited state of a conventional hoisting device.

FIG. 14 is a front view showing a magnetized state of a conventional hoisting device.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Magnetic circuit part, 2 ... Magnetic blocking plate, 3 ... Board | substrate, 4 ... Hanging metal fitting part, 5 ... Bolt, 6a, 6b ... Adsorption surface, 70 ... Yoke body, 7a, 7b ... Yoke, 8a, 8b ... Spacer, 9 ...
Voids, 10 ... Main magnets, 12 ... Cylindrical magnet bodies, 13 ... Sub magnets, 14 ... Objects to be attracted, 11a, 11b, 19, 19a,
19b, 24 ... Pole pieces, 15a, 15b, 16
a, 16b, 17a, 17b, 18a, 18b ... Magnetic force lines 20, 22, 25 ... Magnetic part, 21 ... Non-magnetic part, 2
3, 26 ... Slits, 27a, 27b ... Magnetic field line concentrated portions,
28 ... rotating handle

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A yoke having a pair of yokes facing each other with a spacer made of a fixing sub-magnet and a non-magnetic body, each having an attracting surface, and a cylindrical hole formed by the spacer and the yoke. In a hoisting device having a magnetic circuit structure composed of a body, a cylindrical magnet body rotatably arranged in the hole, and a pair of pole pieces having mutually different polarities on the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical magnet body. In the magnetic circuit, the fixing sub-magnet and the spacer forming the yoke body are arranged vertically asymmetrically with respect to a horizontal line passing through the cylindrical hole, and the direction of the magnetic pole of the cylindrical magnet body is non-symmetrical. When rotating from an excited state to an excited state, in the initial stage of its rotation, the pole piece has a structure capable of contacting the spacer, and along the width direction of the pole piece, A sex body portion and the non-magnetic portion disposed alternately each and lifting device, characterized in that the slits only the magnetic portion of the both end portions of the pole piece. 2. The pole piece has a plurality of slits along the width direction thereof, and the depths of the slits at both end portions on both sides of the pole piece are formed to be shallower than the depths of the other slits. The lifting device according to claim 1, wherein the lifting device is a lifting device.