JPH07277664A - Lifting device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve the suction force by providing a magnetic circuit structure in which a suction surface in the direction of a rotatable magnet is multipolarized at the same number of poles with both magnets including a main magnet member and an auxiliary magnet member. CONSTITUTION:In a hollow hole 9, a main magnet 13 in which plural permanent magnets 10a to 10j magnetized in the diameter direction are connected in the axial direction, and a magnetic core 12 is inserted to the inside, is provided rotatable. As to the permanent magnets 10a to 10j, magnet units 11a to 11f which consist of one or more of permanent magnets 10a to 10j are fixed and integrated through nonmagnetic rings 14. Furthermore, at the lower side of a nonmagnetic spacer 8b, an auxiliary magnet 16 which consists of a block form permanent magnet 15 magnetized in the direction X is formed, and both magnets 13 and 16 are composed into a magnetic circuit structure multipolarized at the same number of poles of the magnets 13 and 16. Consequently, the suction force can be increased broadly.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a permanent magnet type hoisting device used for attracting, hoisting, and carrying magnetic materials such as steel materials, and more particularly to a device for switching attachment / detachment by rotating a built-in permanent magnet. It is a thing.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a hoisting device of this type has a main magnet rotating in a yoke and an auxiliary magnet fixed to the yoke, as described in, for example, Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 62-39020. More specifically, FIGS. 13 (a), 13 (b) and FIG.
As shown in (a) and (b), the lifting device includes the magnetic circuit unit 1
And a substrate 3 that supports a magnetic circuit portion via a magnetic blocking plate 2 made of a non-magnetic material and has a hanging metal member portion 4, which are integrally assembled by a bolt 5. The magnetic circuit unit 1 has a pair of yokes 7a and 7b made of a ferromagnetic material and having non-magnetic spacers 8a and 8b, respectively, which have attraction surfaces 6a and 6b, respectively.
It has a hole 9 formed between a and 8b. In the hole 9, a columnar main magnet 13 magnetized in a radial direction and unipolarly magnetized in an axial direction (Y direction) is rotatably arranged. The sub magnet 16 magnetized in the X direction is fixed to one of the lower portion and the upper portion of the nonmagnetic spacer 8b. With the above configuration, the main magnet 13 is rotated, and the N pole and S shown in FIG.
When the pole position (the polarities of the main magnet 13 and the sub magnet 16 are the same), the attracting surface 6a, which is the end of the yoke 7a, has the N pole, and the end 6b, which is the end of the yoke 7b, has the S pole. It is excited so as to be generated, and thereby, steel pieces or steel products can be adsorbed and lifted. Next, when the main magnet 13 is rotated 180 ° and the polarities of the main magnet 13 and the sub-magnet 16 are at different polarities (not shown), they are demagnetized, and the attraction surfaces 6a and 6b are de-excited and lose the attraction force. .

[0003]

As described above, in the conventional device, since the rotating magnet has the single magnetic pole formed in the same plane length direction, the magnet operating point is low, so that the attraction force is necessarily small. There is a problem inevitable. For this reason,
In order to obtain a desired attractive force, a large permanent magnet has come to be used, resulting in an increase in size of the device. The present invention is
An object of the present invention is to provide a hoisting device that can solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned conventional techniques and can improve the suction force.

[0004]

In order to achieve the above object, in the first invention, a pair of yokes facing each other with a spacer made of a non-magnetic material and each having an attracting surface, and the spacer. And a yoke member having a cylindrical hole formed by the yoke, and a cylindrical permanent magnet having a pair of magnetic poles of opposite polarities on the outer peripheral surface rotatably arranged in the hole, in the axial direction. A main magnet member formed by connecting a plurality of multipoles through a non-magnetic material so that adjacent polarities are different;
The yoke member has a sub magnet member magnetized in a direction orthogonal to the rotation axis having a magnetic pole corresponding to the polarity of the main magnet portion, and the attracting surface in the rotatable magnet direction has the number of poles of both magnets. We adopted the technical means of having a magnetic circuit structure with the same number of poles as the above. Further, in the second aspect of the present invention, the yokes are opposed to each other through a plurality of pairs of spacers made of a non-magnetic material, and the same number of pairs of the spacers each have an attracting surface, and the spacers and the yokes are formed. A yoke member having a cylindrical hole and a plurality of cylindrical permanent magnets having at least the same number of pairs of magnetic poles as the spacer and having different polarities are axially connected to an outer peripheral surface rotatably arranged in the hole. A magnetic circuit structure having a formed main magnet member and a sub-magnet member composed of a permanent magnet magnetized in a direction orthogonal to the rotation axis of the main magnet portion on the attracting surface side of the yoke member and on the opposite side of the attracting surface. Has been adopted. In the second invention, a main magnet member formed by connecting a plurality of cylindrical permanent magnets in multipoles via a non-magnetic body so that polarities adjacent to each other in the axial direction are different from each other; A magnetic circuit unit having a sub-magnet member magnetized in a direction orthogonal to a rotation axis having magnetic poles corresponding to polarities, and having a rotatable attracting surface in the magnet axis direction in which the number of poles is the same as the number of poles of both magnets. It is desirable to have. Further, in each of the first invention and the second invention, a technical means of having a plurality of each magnetic circuit structure may be adopted. In the present invention, known permanent magnets (ferrite magnets, alnico magnets, etc.) can be used as the permanent magnet, but rare earth magnets, especially R-Fe-B magnets (R: It is preferable to use one or more rare earth elements such as Nd and Pr.

[0005]

The relationship between the magnetic attraction force F and the magnetic circuit is F B ^{2 where} B is the magnetic flux density of the magnetic attraction surface and S is the area.
There is a relationship of × S, that is, when the magnetic flux density B is increased, the attraction force F increases by the square thereof. On the other hand, the magnetic flux density B is
Intersection P between the demagnetization curve of the permanent magnet and the operating point Pc of the permanent magnet
Since it has a proportional relationship with the effective magnetic flux density Bd determined by the above, as shown in FIG. 12, in order to improve the magnetic flux density B, it is necessary to raise the operating point Pc of the permanent magnet. The operating point Pc of the permanent magnet has a relationship of Pc Lm / Am, where Lm is the length in the anisotropic direction and Am is the area orthogonal to the anisotropic direction. If constant,
The operating point Pc can be increased by reducing the area Am. That is, the operating point Pc is improved, the effective magnetic flux density Bd is improved, and the magnetic flux density B on the magnetic attraction surface B is improved by increasing the number of permanent magnets as described above.
And the suction force F can be increased.

[0006]

【Example】

(Embodiment 1) The hoisting device shown in FIGS. 1 (a) and 1 (b) supports a magnetic circuit part 1 via a magnetic circuit part 1 and a magnetic blocking plate 2 made of a non-magnetic material, and a hanging metal part 4 Substrate 3 having
And they are integrally assembled by bolts 5. The magnetic circuit unit 1 includes a pair of yokes 7 made of a ferromagnetic material (iron, steel, etc.) having attraction surfaces 6a and 6b, respectively.
a, 7b and a non-magnetic spacer 8 interposed therebetween
In addition to having a and 8b, it has a hole 9 formed between the yokes 7a and 7b and the spacers 8a and 8b. Radially magnetized permanent magnets 10 a, 10
.. are connected in the axial direction, and a main magnet 13 having a magnetic core 12 inserted therein is rotatably arranged.
Here, as shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B, the permanent magnet 1
0a, 10b, 10c, ... are magnet units 11 each including one or more permanent magnets 10a, 10b, ... so that magnetic poles of different polarities appear alternately along the longitudinal direction.
The a, 11b, ... Are fixedly integrated via the non-magnetic ring 14. A sub-magnet 16 composed of a block-shaped permanent magnet 15 magnetized in the X direction is provided below the non-magnetic spacer 8b.
Is fixed. However, the sub magnet may be fixed to the upper portion of the non-magnetic spacer 8a (not shown). With the above configuration, the main magnet 13 is rotated and the N shown in FIG.
When the positions of the pole and the S pole (the polarities of the main magnet 13 and the sub magnet 16 are the same), the attracting surface 6a which is the end of the yoke 7a.
Is excited so that an N pole is generated and an S pole is generated at 6b, which is an end portion of the yoke 7b, so that a steel material, a steel product or the like can be adsorbed and lifted. Then, the main magnet 13
When it is rotated by 0 ° and the polarities of the main magnet 13 and the sub-magnet 16 are set to different polarities (not shown), demagnetization is performed (the magnetic flux generated by the main magnet is canceled), and the attraction surfaces 6a and 6b are de-energized. And loses its adsorptive power. Here, as an experimental example in Example 1, the rotatable main magnet 13 having anisotropy in the radial direction is used.
Of the permanent magnets 10a, 10b, 10c ...
Ten Nd-Fe-B based permanent magnets (HS-35CH manufactured by Hitachi Metals, Ltd.) having a diameter of 4 mm, an inner diameter of 15 mm, and a length of 11 mm were used per unit, and the magnetic core 12 was provided with a pole position in the longitudinal direction on the outer circumference. They were also bonded and assembled. The number of divided poles in the length direction is 1, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 with an outer diameter of 2 between each pole.
A non-magnetic ring 14 made of SUS304 having a diameter of 4 mm, an inner diameter of 15 mm and a thickness of 2 mm was attached. The magnet arrangement with the number of divided poles of 1, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 is 10, 5: 5, 2: 3: 3:
2, 1: 2: 2: 2: 2: 1, 1: 1: 1: 2: 2:
1: 1: 1 and 1: 1: 1: 1: 1: 1: 1: 1:
It was set to 1: 1. The number of division poles is 6 in FIGS. 2 (a) and 2 (b).
FIG. 3 shows an assembled arrangement diagram of the rotatable main magnet 13 in the case of pole and magnet arrangement 1: 2: 2: 2: 2: 1. As the block-shaped permanent magnet 15 for fixing, two types of Nd-Fe-B-based permanent magnets of 15 mm x 5 mm x 8 mm (anisotropic direction) and 15 mm x 10 mm x 8 mm (anisotropic direction) (Hitachi Metals Ltd. (HS-30CV manufactured by Co., Ltd.) was used. Yoke 7 made of SS material
A and 7b magnetic cutoff in Y direction is SUS with 2mm thickness
The non-magnetic spacer 17 made of 304 was used, and the attracting force was measured using six magnet devices each having the number of divided poles assembled as shown in FIGS. 1 (a) and 1 (b). FIG. 3 shows the relationship between the number of divided poles and the relative attraction force. The relative attraction force is expressed by a dimensionless number when the conventional attraction force with the number of divided poles is set to 1. As is clear from FIG. 3, the attraction force is increased by 1.3 to 2 times or more by increasing the number of divided poles as compared with the number of divided poles of 1 (conventional technology). In this embodiment, a ring-shaped two-pole magnet having a ring shape is used as the rotatable permanent magnet.
The same effect can be obtained by a pole magnetized ring magnet having radial anisotropy or a block magnet having crescent-shaped pole pieces at both ends. On the other hand, when a plurality of magnetic circuit units shown in FIGS. 1 (a) and 1 (b) are provided, the attraction force is further increased and a better effect is obtained. Figure 4 (a)
1 and (b) show a hoisting device having two magnetic circuit structures, and the same parts as those in FIGS. 1 (a) and 1 (b) are denoted by the same reference numerals.

(Embodiment 2) FIGS. 7 (a) and 7 (b) show a hoisting device using a cylindrical permanent magnet having two pairs of magnetic poles of opposite polarities on the outer peripheral surface, and FIGS. The same parts as in b) are designated by the same reference numerals. The magnetic circuit unit 1 includes a pair of yokes 7a and 7b made of a ferromagnetic material having attraction surfaces 6a and 6b and a pair of yokes 7c and 7d having attraction surfaces 6c and 6d, respectively, and interposed between them. The non-magnetic spacers 8a, 8b and 8c, 8d are formed, and a hole 9 is formed between each spacer and each yoke. After a plurality of permanent magnets 10 are axially connected in the holes 9 and the magnetic core 12 is inserted inside the permanent magnets,
A main magnet 13 magnetized in the radial direction is rotatably arranged. A sub-magnet 16a composed of a block-shaped permanent magnet 15a magnetized in the X direction is fixed to the upper part of the non-magnetic spacer 8a, and a sub-magnet 16a composed of a block-shaped permanent magnet 15b magnetized in the X direction to the lower part of the non-magnetic spacer 8b. Magnet 16b
Is fixed. With the above configuration, when the main magnet 13 is rotated to the N-pole and S-pole positions (the polarities of the main magnet 13 and the sub-magnets 16a and 16b are the same) shown in FIG. Is attracted so that the attraction surface 6a, which is the end portion, has an S pole, the end portion 6b of the yoke 7b has an N pole, and the attraction surface 6c, which is the end portion of the yoke 7c, has an N pole.
The yoke 6d, which is an end portion of the yoke 7d, is excited so as to generate an S pole, and thereby a steel piece or a steel product can be adsorbed and lifted. Next, when the main magnet 13 is rotated by 90 ° and the polarities of the main magnet 13 and the auxiliary magnets 16a, 16b are at different polarities (not shown), the demagnetization occurs, and the attraction surfaces 6a, 6b and 6c, 6d become non-polarized. It becomes excited and loses its attractive force. In the present embodiment, the permanent magnet 10 of the rotatable main magnet 13 is made of Nd-having an outer diameter of 48.6 mm, an inner diameter of 38.6 mm and a length of 18 mm.
Fe-B system radial anisotropic ring magnet (Hitachi Metals Ltd.)
HS-30CR manufactured by the present invention is used, and after bonding and assembling to the outer circumference of the magnetic core 12, two pairs of different magnetic poles are magnetized to the outer circumference of the main magnet. In addition, the block-shaped permanent magnet 15a,
As 15b, 20 mm x 16 mm x 5 mm (anisotropic direction)
And 20 mm x 8 mm x 5 mm (anisotropic direction) N
d-Fe-B system permanent magnet (HS-27 manufactured by Hitachi Metals, Ltd.)
CV) is used in an appropriate combination. Using 3 mm thick SUS304 as the non-magnetic spacers 8c and 8d,
Assembled as shown in (a) and (b), a steel material was placed on the X surface, and the adsorption force was measured. For comparison, the attraction force was also measured using the magnetic circuit (comparative example) shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B. The magnet shape and dimensions in FIGS. 5 (a) and 5 (b) were the same as those of the device of the present invention.
Only the rotatable main magnet assembly was used in which a pair of magnetic poles of opposite polarities were magnetized on the outer circumference of the magnet. Comparing the relative adsorption force values of the comparative example and the device of the present invention, it is 1.19 times, and it can be understood that the adsorption property of the device of the present invention is excellent. Also, in the case of the present embodiment, as in the case of the first embodiment, by having a plurality of the magnetic circuit structures (not shown), the attraction force is remarkably increased, and a better effect can be obtained.

(Embodiment 3) In FIGS. 9 (a) and 9 (b), a cylindrical permanent magnet having two pairs of magnetic poles of different polarities on the outer peripheral surface is used, and the polarities adjacent to each other are different. 1A and 1B show a hoisting device that uses a main magnet formed by connecting a plurality of magnets in the axial direction through a non-magnetic material as shown in FIGS.
The same parts as are indicated by the same reference numerals. The magnetic circuit unit 1 is
A pair of ferromagnetic yokes 7a and 7b having attraction surfaces 6a and 6b, and a pair of yokes 7c and 7d having attraction surfaces 6c and 6d, and a non-magnetic spacer 8a interposed therebetween. , 8b and 8c, 8d, and a hole 9 is formed between each spacer and each yoke. A plurality of radially magnetized permanent magnets 10a, 10b, 10c, ... Are connected axially in the hole 9, and a main magnet 13 having a magnetic core 12 inserted therein is rotatably arranged. . 10 (a) and 10 (b).
, The permanent magnets 10a, 10b, 10c, ...
One or more permanent magnets 10a, 10b, ... so that magnets of different polarities appear alternately along the longitudinal direction.
The magnet units 11a and 11b are
It is firmly fixed and integrated via 4. Non-magnetic spacer 8a
The block-shaped permanent magnet 15 magnetized in the X direction is provided on the upper part of the
The sub-magnet 16a made of a is fixed, and the non-magnetic spacer 8
A block-shaped permanent magnet 1 magnetized in the X direction is provided under b.
The sub magnet 16b composed of 5b is fixed. With the above configuration, the main magnet 13 is rotated, and the N pole and S shown in FIG.
Position of pole (polarity of main magnet 13 and sub magnets 16a and 16
If the polarities of b are the same), the attracting surface 6a which is the end of the yoke 7a has an S pole, and the end 6b of the yoke 7b has an N pole.
A magnet is excited so as to generate a pole, and an attracting surface 6c which is an end of the yoke 7c is excited so as to have an N pole and an end 6d which is an end of the yoke 7d is excited so as to generate an S pole. It becomes possible to hang up by adsorbing etc. Then, the main magnet 13 is rotated by 90 °, and the polarity of the main magnet 13 and the auxiliary magnet 16
When the polarities of a and 16b are different from each other (not shown), they are demagnetized, and the attraction surfaces 6a, 6b and 6c, 6d are de-excited and lose the attraction force. In the present embodiment, the outer diameter of the permanent magnets 10a, 10b, 10c, ... Of the rotatable main magnet 13 magnetized with two pairs of magnetic poles of opposite polarities is 48.6m.
Nd-Fe-B system radial anisotropic ring magnet (HS-30CR manufactured by Hitachi Metals, Ltd.) having m, inner diameter of 38.6 mm, and length of 18 mm and having previously magnetized two pairs of magnetic poles having different polarities on the outer peripheral surface. )
10 units were used for each unit, and the pole positions in the lengthwise direction were aligned with the outer periphery of the magnetic core 12 and bonded and assembled. The number of divided poles in the length direction is 1, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 poles. The outer diameter is 48.6 mm, the inner diameter is 38.6 mm and the thickness is 2 mm between each magnetic pole.
The non-magnetic ring 14 made of SUS304 was attached. The magnet arrangement with 1, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 poles divided is 1
0, 5: 5, 2: 3: 3: 2, 1: 2: 2: 2: 2:
1, 1: 1: 1: 2: 2: 1: 1: 1 and 1: 1:
The ratio was 1: 1: 1: 1: 1: 1: 1: 1: 1. Figure 10 (a)
In (b), the number of divided poles is 6, and the magnet arrangement is 1: 2: 2 :.
The assembly arrangement diagram of the rotatable main magnet 13 in the case of 2: 2: 1 is shown. Further, block-shaped permanent magnets 15a, 15 for fixing
As b, two types of Nd-F of 20 mm × 16 mm × 5 mm (anisotropic direction) and 20 mm × 8 mm × 5 mm (anisotropic direction)
e-B system permanent magnet (HS-27CV manufactured by Hitachi Metals, Ltd.)
Are used in appropriate combination. Yoke 7a made of SS material,
The magnetic interception in the Y direction of 7b and 7c, 7d has a thickness of 2
The non-magnetic spacers 17a and 17b made of SUS304 of mm were assembled as shown in FIGS. 9 (a) and 9 (b), and the attracting force was measured using six magnet devices having each pole number. Figure 11
Shows the relationship between the number of divided poles and the relative attractive force. The relative attraction force is a dimensionless number representing each attraction force when the conventional attraction force with one division pole is 1. As is clear from FIG. 11, it can be seen that the adsorption force is significantly improved to 1.3 to 2.5 times or more by increasing the number of divided poles as compared with the number of divided poles of 1 (conventional technology). In this example, a ring-shaped radial anisotropic magnet was used as the rotatable permanent magnet, but a ring-shaped polar anisotropic magnet (see, for example, U.S. Pat. No. 4,888,122), an arc segment magnet was used. The same effect can be obtained with magnets combined in a cylindrical shape. On the other hand, this embodiment also has a plurality of magnetic circuit structures (not shown) as in the case of the first embodiment, so that the attraction force is remarkably increased and a better effect is obtained.

[0009]

As described above, the present invention magnetically divides the longitudinal direction (Y direction) of a rotatable permanent magnet into a plurality of magnetic circuits, or radial direction (X direction) and longitudinal direction (Y direction). Direction) is magnetically divided into a plurality of magnets, and adjacent magnets are made to have different polarities to increase the operating point of the magnets, whereby the attraction force can be significantly increased.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1A is a front view showing an embodiment of the present invention, FIG.
It is an A sectional view (b).

FIG. 2 is a front view (a) of an assembling arrangement of main magnets in FIG.
It is the same side view (b).

3 is a diagram showing the relationship between the number of divided poles of the main magnet in FIG. 1 and the relative attractive force.

FIG. 4 is a front view (a) showing the other embodiment of the present invention, FIG.
It is a sectional view (b) of FIG.

FIG. 5 is a front view (a) and a sectional view (b) taken along line AA of the comparative example.

FIG. 6 is a front view (a) of an assembling arrangement of main magnets in FIG.
It is the same side view (b).

FIG. 7 is a front view (a) showing the other embodiment of the present invention, FIG.
It is a sectional view (b) of FIG.

FIG. 8 is a front view (a) of an assembly arrangement of main magnets in FIG.
It is the same side view (b).

9 is a front view (a) showing the other embodiment of the present invention, FIG.
It is a sectional view (b) of FIG.

FIG. 10 is a front view (a) and a side view (b) of the main magnet assembling arrangement in FIG. 9.

11 is a diagram showing the relationship between the number of divided poles of the main magnet in FIG. 9 and the relative attractive force.

FIG. 12 is a diagram showing a demagnetization curve of a permanent magnet.

FIG. 13 is a front view (a) showing the conventional example and a cross-sectional view (b) taken along the line AA of the same.

FIG. 14 is a front view (a) and a side view (b) of the main magnet in FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Magnetic circuit part, 2 ... Magnetic blocking plate, 3 ... Substrate, 4 ... Hanging metal fitting part, 5 ... Bolt, 6a, 6b, 6c ... Adsorption surface, 7a,
7b, 7c, 7d ... Yoke, 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d ...
Non-magnetic spacers, 9 ... Holes, 10, 10a, 10b, 1
0c ... Permanent magnets, 11a, 11b ... Magnet unit, 12
... magnetic core, 13 ... main magnet, 14 ... non-magnetic ring, 1
5, 15a, 15b ... Block-shaped permanent magnets, 16, 16
a, 16b ... Sub magnets 17, 17a, 17b ... Non-magnetic spacer

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A pair of yokes facing each other through a spacer made of a non-magnetic material and each having an attracting surface, a yoke member having a cylindrical hole formed by the spacer and the yoke, A cylindrical permanent magnet having a pair of magnetic poles of opposite polarities is rotatably arranged in the hole, and a plurality of multipoles are connected via a non-magnetic material so that the polarities adjacent to each other in the axial direction are different. And a secondary magnet member magnetized in a direction orthogonal to a rotation axis having a magnetic pole corresponding to the polarity of the main magnet portion on the yoke member, and attracting in a rotatable magnet direction. A hoisting device having a magnetic circuit structure in which the number of poles is the same as the number of poles of both magnets. 2. A yoke having a plurality of pairs of spacers made of a non-magnetic material and facing each other and having the same number of pairs of said spacers each having an attracting surface, and a cylindrical hole formed by said spacer and said yoke. And a main magnet formed by axially connecting a plurality of cylindrical permanent magnets having at least the same number of pairs of magnetic poles as the spacers of different polarities on the outer peripheral surface rotatably arranged in the holes. A magnetic circuit structure having a member, and an attracting surface side of the yoke member, and a sub-magnet member made of a permanent magnet magnetized in a direction orthogonal to the rotation axis of the main magnet portion on the opposite side of the attracting surface. Characteristic lifting device. 3. A main magnet member formed by connecting a plurality of cylindrical permanent magnets in multiple poles through a non-magnetic material so that the polarities adjacent to each other in the axial direction are different, and the polarities of the main magnet member correspond to each other. A magnetic circuit unit having a sub-magnet member magnetized in a direction orthogonal to a rotation axis having magnetic poles, and having a rotatable attracting surface in the magnet axis direction having the same number of poles as those of the both magnets. The lifting device according to claim 2. 4. A hoisting device comprising a plurality of magnetic circuit structures according to claim 1.