JPH09199157A - Sealed lead-acid battery - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To increase the electrolyte hold quantity and improve the life performance of a battery by preventing an electrolyte from being held by a fine glass separator at the outer margin portion on the outside of an electrode contact face in a sealed lead-acid battery. SOLUTION: Positive electrodes, negative electrodes 2, and fine glass separators 3 are laminated in turn, the electrodes and poles 4 of the same polarity are welded to manufacture elements, a cover 6 and a battery jar 5 are deposited, an electrolyte is injected, battery jar formation is conducted, and a valve 7 and an upper cover 8 are fitted to form a sealed lead-acid battery. A frame body made of polypropylene or the like is hot-pressed to the periphery of the fine glass separator 3 so that no electrolyte is practically held at the outer margin portion on the outside of an electrode contact face. The performance deterioration of an active material near an electrode outer peripheral section having a high utilization factor is delayed, and the reaction distribution of various electrode portions can be unified.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an improved sealed lead acid battery.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A sealed lead-acid battery formed by laminating a positive and negative electrode plate and a fine glass separator is a porous positive and negative electrode active material, and dilute sulfuric acid as an electrolytic solution in voids between fibers of the fine glass separator. Holding A part of the oxygen gas generated from the positive electrode during charging is released from the exhaust valve to the outside of the battery, but most of it passes through the voids of the fine glass fibers and is reduced on the negative electrode plate to generate water. Due to this oxygen gas absorption reaction, the sealed lead acid battery maintains an appropriate internal pressure and an appropriate amount of electrolyte.

The positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate have a structure in which the vertical and horizontal dimensions are the same in order to make the reaction distribution during charging and discharging uniform, and the ratio of the positive and negative electrode active materials is changed depending on the thickness and the volume ratio of the lattice / active material. Commonly used. On the other hand, in order to prevent short circuit between the positive and negative electrodes, the vertical and horizontal dimensions of the fine glass separator are (x + a) with respect to the horizontal dimension x of the positive and negative electrode plates, and (y + b) with respect to the vertical dimension y. A structure in which a part is provided is common.

The sealed lead-acid battery uses an electrode plate and a fine glass fiber separator in order to prevent a decrease in charge / discharge performance due to a decrease in adhesion between the electrode plate and the fine glass separator and a decrease in life performance due to volume expansion of the active material. Generally, a method of assembling in a so-called high-pressure state in which a relatively large load is applied in the thickness direction of is used.

In this case, since the exposed portion of the fine glass separator is not subjected to a large load as much as that between the electrodes, it has a higher porosity than the fine glass separator between the electrodes and holds a large amount of electrolyte.

[0006]

However, when a constant power pattern discharge cycle life test including low rate and high rate discharge is conducted using such a battery, the utilization rate in the vicinity of the outer periphery of the positive and negative electrode plates is high. In the vicinity of the outer periphery of the positive electrode plate, there was a tendency that the lattice was corroded and deformed, and the active material was turned into a mud.
Therefore, there is a problem that the desired life performance cannot be obtained.

[0007]

It is considered that the above problem is caused by the use of the electrolytic solution held in the outflow portion of the fine glass separator when discharging the active material in the vicinity of the outer periphery. It is an attempt to solve the above-mentioned drawback by not holding the electrolytic solution in the fine glass separator in the protruding portion outside the contact surface of the electrode plate.

[0008]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The present invention will be described below based on Examples. FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing an embodiment of a sealed lead-acid battery according to the present invention. In FIG. 1, 1 is a positive electrode plate made of an antimony-free casting grid, 2 is a negative electrode plate made of an antimony-free casting grid, and 3 is a fine glass separator.

As shown in FIG. 2, this fine glass separator has a polypropylene frame body hot-pressed on the periphery thereof, so that the electrolyte solution is substantially retained in the outflow portion outside the contact surface of the electrode plate. It has a structure that does not.

These positive and negative electrode plates and fine glass separators, 10 sheets, 11 sheets, and 20 sheets, respectively, are laminated alternately, and then electrodes having the same polarity and poles 4 are welded to produce an element, and a lid 6 and an electrode are produced. After welding the tank 5 and the electrolyte,
Perform battery case formation, attach valve 7 and top lid 8 to 2V, 6
A sealed lead acid battery of 0 Ah was manufactured.

For comparison, a conventional product having a structure in which a frame body is not provided around the fine glass separator and an electrolytic solution can be held was manufactured. The conventional product and the product of the present invention used the same parts except for the fine glass separator.

Each of these batteries was connected in series with 6 cells to form a 12 V battery, and the following charge / discharge cycle life test was conducted. (Life test conditions) Discharge ... S-FUDS pattern up to final voltage of 8.4V. Charging ... Charging to 14.5V at 12A, then charging at 3A until the amount of electricity charged is 120% of the amount of electricity discharged. Temperature: in a constant temperature bath at 30 ° C. (Capacity test condition) The following capacity test is performed every 50 times of the charge / discharge cycle. Discharge: Up to a final voltage of 9.9V at 20A. Charging ... Charging to 14.5V at 12A, then charging at 3A until the amount of electricity charged is 120% of the amount of electricity discharged. Temperature: in a constant temperature bath at 30 ° C. (S-FUDS: Idaho National Engineering Lab., Proposed a model of running an electric vehicle and patterning the discharge of a storage battery is shown in Fig. 4. It is the most widely adopted in Japan.) This result 3 shows. When the life is defined when the number of S-FUDS pattern discharges is reduced by half, the battery according to the present invention had a life performance of about 1.5 times that of the conventional product.

After the end of the life test, when disassembling and investigating these batteries, the conventional product showed remarkable deformation of the lattice near the outer periphery of the positive electrode plate and the formation of mud in the active material, but the deformation of the lattice at the center of the positive electrode plate was The mudification of the active material did not proceed so much. On the other hand, in the positive electrode plate of the present invention, the deterioration state was about the same as in the vicinity of the outer peripheral portion of the conventional product, but there was almost no difference in the deterioration state between the outer peripheral portion and the central portion, and the reaction distribution was uniform. .

[0014]

As described above, according to the present invention, in the sealed lead-acid battery in which the positive and negative electrode plates and the fine glass separator are laminated, the fine glass separator outside the contact surface of the electrode plate does not hold the electrolytic solution. The structure makes it possible to delay the performance deterioration of the active material near the outer periphery of the electrode plate, which retains a large amount of electrolyte and has a high utilization rate, and to make the reaction distribution at each part of the electrode plate uniform, resulting in life performance. Can be improved, and its industrial value is very large.

[Brief description of drawings]

1 is a partial cross-sectional view of a battery according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the structure of a fine glass separator according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a graph showing a charge / discharge cycle life test result of a battery according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 S-FUDS Pattern

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Positive electrode plate 2 Negative electrode plate 3 Fine glass separator 4 Pole pole 5 Battery case 6 Lid 7 Valve 8 Upper lid

[Procedure amendment]

[Submission date] April 18, 1996

[Procedure amendment 1]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] Fig. 4

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

FIG. 4 is a discharge current under a life test condition, which is Idaho Na
regional Engineering Lab. Is presented
Modeling the running of the electric vehicle that was advocated, and discharging the storage battery
Patterned S- Fads ( S-FADS )
It is a discharge pattern figure .

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A sealed lead acid battery comprising a positive and negative electrode plate and a fine glass separator laminated, wherein the fine glass separator outside the contact surface of the electrode plate does not hold an electrolytic solution.