JPH09143961A - Muddy water treatment facility for dam - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enhance the convenience for inhabitants of a region where there is a source of water by providing a bypass tunnel between the upstream and downstream sides of a dam reservoir, and making the tunnel usable as a vehicle road. SOLUTION: A water storage dam 3 is provided upstream of a reservoir 2 dammed by a dam 1. A sand storage dam 9 for preventing fine sediment flowing down from the upstream side from flowing in is provided upstream of the water storage dam 3. A bypass tunnel 4 is provided between the water storage dam 3 and the downstream side of a dam water outlet 6 and is leveled inside to allow passage of vehicles. The bypass tunnel 4 is tilted downward toward the outlet 6 so that muddy water can flow down from an intake 5 to the outlet 6. Thus at the sand storage dam 9 extension of the period during which the muddy water is discharged into the downstream river is prevented, and the bypass tunnel 4 can be used effectively as mentioned before during a flood, and otherwise as a vehicle road.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a turbid water treatment facility for dams. More specifically, it relates to a dam turbid water treatment facility for improving turbid water at the time of flood and storing clear water in a reservoir.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art After a typhoon or heavy rain, water in the upstream of a river or fine-grained earth and sand flows into a reservoir dammed by a dam all at once, causing the reservoir to become turbid. For this reason, the turbid water in this reservoir continues to be discharged toward the downstream region of the dam for a long period of time, and during this time, there is a problem that it affects the inland water surface fishery and makes it difficult to supply it as a tap water source. In order to prevent this, conventionally, a detour tunnel connecting the upstream and downstream of the dam is provided to bypass the muddy water and prevent the muddy water from being stored in the reservoir. In other words, the dam turbid water tunnel is used as a waterway during floods to pass polluted water and sediment that are about to flow into the reservoir to the detour tunnel, allowing nutrients and the like to flow to the downstream basin. (See, for example,
(See Japanese Patent No. 179631)

[0003]

The conventional muddy water tunnel for dams, however, merely connects the upstream and downstream of the dam as a water channel, and this dam muddy water tunnel is used as a water channel. It is only used until the flood in the reservoir subsides and is not used at all when there is no flood,
That is, it is used only for a limited period of several days to several tens of days in one year. On the other hand, the cost of constructing a muddy water tunnel for a dam, whether it is an existing dam or a new dam, will be enormous even though the frequency of use is small. This is because a muddy water tunnel for dams that has a large-scale cross section that allows the flood flow of a dam to flow down during floods is extremely large because the reservoir length is generally about 5 to 20 km. Construction is required. In particular, there is a problem that even if it is attempted to simply construct a dam turbid water tunnel as an canal in an existing dam, the cost will outweigh the benefits and it will not be a public project. Further, since the turbid water stored in the dam continues to be supplied to the downstream region of the dam for a long period of time, there is a problem that sludge adheres to the river bottom in the downstream region of the dam. In particular, the turbidity of reservoirs at dams that have dried up due to abnormal drought is serious.

By the way, spending the time of eggs and fry in the sea,
For adult fish, such as fallen fish, which are spent in the river when they grow up, it is necessary to make a round trip between the sea and the river. Construction of a fishway connecting the upstream and downstream of a river is desired by fishermen and others, and there is a problem that the divided ecosystem must be restored.

In view of the above circumstances, the present invention can prevent turbid water from being discharged to a downstream river for a long period of time, and can be effectively used as a vehicle road maintained during non-flooding or flooding, or as a fishway for environmental protection. The purpose is to improve the benefits to water source residents and mountainous communities.

[0006]

A turbid water treatment facility for a dam according to claim 1 is a water system having a reservoir dammed by a dam, and a reservoir weir provided upstream of the reservoir and an upstream of the reservoir weir. A sand storage weir provided, a drinking outlet downstream of the sand storage weir and upstream of the water storage weir, and a water discharge outlet downstream of the dam, having a slope for allowing water to flow down, and having an interior as a vehicle road A detour tunnel that has been maintained, a water intake gate that introduces running water into the swallow of the detour tunnel, a waterway guide mechanism that discharges running water from the outlet of the detour tunnel to the downstream of the dam, and the detour tunnel is closed to vehicles. And means for doing so.

In the dam turbid water treatment facility according to claim 2, in a water system having a reservoir dammed by a dam, a reservoir weir provided upstream of the reservoir and a sand reservoir weir provided upstream of the reservoir weir. A downstream side of the sand storage weir and an upstream side of the water storage weir, and a downstream side of the dam has a drainage outlet, has a slope for allowing water to flow down, and has an inner two-stage structure. , The lower tier is a waterway and the upper tier is a vehicle road, the detour tunnel, the intake gate that introduces the running water to the swallow of the detour tunnel, and the running water is discharged from the outlet of the detour tunnel to the downstream of the dam. It is characterized by comprising a water channel guide mechanism.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in a turbid water treatment facility for a dam, in a water system having a reservoir dammed by a dam, a reservoir weir provided upstream of the reservoir and a sand weir provided upstream of the reservoir weir. , An upstream entrance is provided upstream of the dam,
A bypass tunnel provided downstream of the dam and having a downstream entrance and exit, which is maintained as a vehicle road, and is provided for excavating the bypass tunnel. Flowing water is introduced downstream of the sand dam and upstream of the dam. It is characterized by comprising a water intake gate and a drinking port, a water discharge outlet downstream of the dam, and a work pit having a gradient for allowing water to flow down.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in a turbid water treatment facility for a dam, in a water system having a tributary for pouring into a reservoir dammed by a dam, a first reservoir weir provided upstream of the reservoir and the first reservoir weir. A first sand storage weir provided upstream, a second water storage weir provided in the tributary, a second sand storage weir provided upstream of the second water storage weir, and the first sand storage A drinking port is provided downstream of the weir and upstream of the first water storage weir, and a water outlet is provided downstream of the second sand storage weir and upstream of the second water storage weir, and a gradient for flowing water is provided. An upstream bypass tunnel having a vehicle road inside, and a drinking outlet downstream of the discharge outlet of the upstream bypass tunnel, upstream of the second reservoir weir, and discharged downstream of the dam. A downstream detour that has a water outlet and has a slope that allows water to flow down, and is constructed as a vehicle road inside Channel, a first intake gate that introduces running water into the swallow of the upstream bypass tunnel, a first water channel guide mechanism that discharges running water from the outlet of the upstream bypass tunnel to a tributary, and the downstream bypass tunnel. From a second intake gate that introduces running water into the swallow, a second waterway guide mechanism that discharges running water from the outlet of the downstream bypass tunnel to the downstream of the dam, and a means for blocking the bypass tunnel from vehicles. It is characterized by

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in a turbid water treatment facility for a dam, in a water system having a tributary pouring into a reservoir dammed by a dam, a first reservoir weir provided upstream of the reservoir and the first reservoir weir. A first sand storage weir provided upstream, a second water storage weir provided in the tributary, a second sand storage weir provided upstream of the second water storage weir, a connecting road, and an upstream bypass tunnel. And a downstream bypass tunnel, and the connecting road is
It is constructed as a vehicle road and is bridged at a proper place in the tributary, and the upstream bypass tunnel is provided with an upstream doorway upstream of the dam, a downstream doorway is provided on the connection road, and the inside is maintained as a vehicle roadway. The downstream bypass tunnel includes an upstream entrance and exit on the connection road, a downstream entrance and exit downstream of the dam, and a bypass tunnel that is maintained as a vehicle road inside, and an upstream work pit and a downstream work pit. And an upstream working pit is provided for excavating the upstream bypass tunnel, and an intake gate and a swallow for introducing running water are provided downstream of the first sand dam and upstream of the first water dam. An outlet, a downstream river outlet of the second sand dam and an upstream outlet of the second reservoir weir, which has a tributary outlet gate for discharging the running water to the tributary and a water outlet, and has a slope for allowing water to flow down. , Downstream work Is provided for excavation of the downstream bypass tunnel, and is provided with a tributary intake gate and a swallow for introducing flowing water, downstream of the second sand dam and upstream of the outlet of the upstream work pit. And a work pit having a water discharge port downstream of the dam and having a gradient for allowing water to flow down.

[0011]

Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view and a block diagram relating to a first embodiment of a dam turbid water treatment facility of the present invention. As shown in the figure, in the dam turbid water treatment facility of the first embodiment, a river is dammed by a dam 1 to form a reservoir 2, and a reservoir weir 3 is provided upstream of this reservoir 2.
Further, a sand storage weir 9 is provided upstream of the water storage weir 3.
The sand retaining weir 9 is for preventing fine grained sand, gravel, gravel, etc. flowing down from the upstream of the river from flowing into the water retaining weir 3, and the water retaining weir 3 takes water to the bypass tunnel 4 described later. It is for adjusting the position. p is the old road. The detour tunnel 4 is provided with a drinking mouth 5 upstream of the water storage weir 3 and downstream of the sand storage weir 9, and a water discharge outlet 6 downstream of the dam 1 so that vehicles can pass inside the road. Is maintained flat. Further, the bypass tunnel 4 is inclined downward toward the water discharge port 6 so that muddy water can flow down from the drinking port 5 to the water discharge port 6. Since this bypass tunnel 4 is a tunnel type, it is possible to select the optimum route connecting the upstream of the reservoir weir 3 and the downstream of the dam 1 no matter how winding the terrain is, and further avoid the route construction on the landslide slope. be able to.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory view of the peripheral portion of the water storage weir 3 of the first embodiment. As shown in the figure, on the upstream side of the water storage weir 3, an intake gate 12 is openably and closably attached between the road and the road that follows the swallowing port 5 of the bypass tunnel 4 and the river. A car stop gate 10 is provided on the upstream side so as to be openable and closable. The intake gate 12 is for introducing running water into the swallow 5 of the bypass tunnel 4. At the time of non-flood, the intake gate 12 is closed and the car stop gate 10 is opened, so that the vehicle can pass through the bypass tunnel 4. In the event of a flood, the intake gate 12 is opened to allow turbid water flowing from the upstream of the river to escape to the bypass tunnel 4, and the car stop gate 10 is closed to prevent the bypass tunnel 4 from passing.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory view of a first example of the water channel guide mechanism downstream of the dam of the first embodiment, FIG. 4 is an explanatory view of a second example of the water channel guide mechanism, and FIG. 5 is a first example of the water channel guide mechanism. It is explanatory drawing of 3 examples. As shown in FIG. 3, in the downstream portion of the dam 1, the discharge port 6 of the bypass tunnel 4 and the bypass tunnel 4 are provided.
A bridge 13 is installed as a waterway guide mechanism on the road following, and a car stop gate 11 is provided on the downstream side of the road so as to be openable and closable. The car stop gate 11 opens and closes in synchronization with the car stop gate 10 installed upstream of the water storage weir 3, and both of the car stop gates 10 and 11 are open during non-flood, and both are closed during flood. It is something like this. The bridge 13 has a floor plate 15 through which vehicles can pass, and the floor plate 15 is formed with a slit 14 through which muddy water can flow down. p is the old road. Therefore, at the time of non-flood, the car stop gate 11 is opened, and the vehicle can pass through the floor plate 15 of the bridge 13 and thus the detour tunnel 4. At the time of flood, muddy water flows from the drinking port 5 on the upstream side of the bypass tunnel 4 to the bypass tunnel 4
It is discharged to the water discharge port 6 through. Then, since the muddy water can escape to the downstream of the dam 1 from the slit 14 of the bridge 13 and the car stop gate 11 is closed, the vehicle cannot pass through the bypass tunnel 4. As described above, when the bridge 13 in which the floor plate 15 is formed with the slits 14 is provided as the water channel guide mechanism, the structure is simple, so that the bridge can be easily constructed.

As shown in FIG. 4, a water flow control gate 16 may be installed between the water discharge port 6 of the bypass tunnel 4 and the car stop gate 11 as a water channel guide mechanism, instead of the bridge 13 so as to be able to stand up and down. . That is, this flow control gate 16 is laid down sideways during non-flooding, and the discharge port 6 of the bypass tunnel 4 is
And put it on the road that leads to this detour tunnel 4,
Pass the vehicle through the water flow control gate 16 and through the bypass tunnel 4. At the time of flood, the flow control gate 16 can be raised, and muddy water discharged from the discharge port 6 of the bypass tunnel 4 can be blocked by the flow control gate 16 and allowed to escape downstream of the dam 1. Not only is the vehicle blocked due to the closing of the car stop gate 11, but also the running water control gate 16 is standing up so that the vehicle will not be allowed to completely enter the bypass tunnel 4. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 5, a slope 17 may be provided on the road between the water discharge port 6 of the bypass tunnel 4 and the car stop gate 11 as a water channel guide mechanism.
During non-flood, vehicles can pass the bypass tunnel 4 through the slope 17, and during flood, the bypass tunnel 4
The turbid water discharged from the water discharge port 6 can be blocked by the slope of the slope 17 and released to the downstream of the dam 1.

FIG. 6 is a sectional view of the detour tunnel of the first embodiment. As shown in FIG. 6 (A), since the bypass tunnel 4 is a tunnel type for excavating in the surrounding mountains, it is possible to construct a road connecting the upstream region and the downstream region of the dam without cutting the forest of the mountains. As shown in FIG. 6B, the inside of the bypass tunnel 4 has a flat road surface so that the vehicle m can pass from both directions. Note that the dam turbid water treatment facility of the first embodiment only needs to excavate one tunnel in a mountain, and thus may be applied to an existing dam.

With the above configuration, the dam turbid water treatment facility of the first embodiment can be effectively used as follows. Table 1 shows the open / closed states of the car stop gates 10 and 11 and the intake gate 12 and the role of the bypass tunnel 4 during flood and non-flood.

<Table 1> : Car stop gates 10 and 11: Intake gate 12: Detour tunnel 4; Flood: Closing gate: Opening gate: Waterway; Non-flooding : Open gate : Closing gate: Vehicle road; Flooding gate 10, All 11 will be closed to control traffic, prevent vehicles from passing through the detour tunnel 4, and utilize the detour tunnel 4 as a muddy water flow channel. Fine particles of sand, gravel, gravel, etc. flowing down from the upstream can be removed by the sand dam 9 so that large unnecessary substances can be removed. However, since the running water is fast, the river water remains as agitated muddy water. Flow into. The turbid water is discharged to the swallow 5 of the bypass tunnel 4 through the open intake gate 12, and then to the discharge port 6 of the bypass tunnel 4 through the bypass tunnel 4. The muddy water is flowed down to the downstream of the dam 1 by a waterway guide mechanism such as the bridge 13, the water flow control gate 16, and the slope 17. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the inflow of highly turbid water into the reservoir 2 at the beginning of the flood, thereby reducing the length of turbid water in the reservoir and supplying clear water after the flood through the bypass tunnel 4 to the downstream river. It is possible to prevent discharge of long-term turbid water to the water, in other words, to supply clear water to the downstream area.

At the time of non-flood, both the car stop gates 10 and 11 are opened to allow the vehicle to pass through the bypass tunnel 4, and the bypass tunnel 4 is used as a vehicle road. In other words, it can be used as a muddy water facility during floods, but can also be used as a vehicle road during non-floods. Therefore, the economic benefits and road improvement benefits of the upstream and downstream areas of Dam 1 and land assets for water source residents and mountain and mountain communities are available. It is possible to increase benefits, increase water source recharge, and improve the benefits of forest assets.

Next, a turbid water treatment facility for dams according to the second embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the bypass tunnel 20 in the dam turbid water treatment facility according to the second embodiment. As shown in the figure, the detour tunnel 20 of the second embodiment is characterized in that the inside has a two-stage structure in the vertical direction.
Similar to the detour tunnel 4 of the dam turbid water treatment facility of the embodiment, the swallowing port 5 is provided between the sand storage weir 9 and the water storage weir 3, and the discharge port 6 is provided downstream of the dam 1. In the dam turbid water treatment facility of the second embodiment, the lower stage of the bypass tunnel 20 is a waterway 22, while the upper stage is a vehicle road 21 arranged so that a vehicle m can pass through. The vehicle m can pass the vehicle road 21 when there is no flood, and the vehicle m can pass without restricting the detour tunnel 20 even at the time of flood, and at the same time, the waterway.
It is possible to pass muddy water to 22. Therefore, the first
In the turbid water treatment facility for dams of the embodiment, there is an advantage that the car stop gates 10 and 11 which are required for traffic regulation are not necessary. In addition, if a fishway 27 is provided on the side of the waterway 22,
The fallen fish is preferable because it can reciprocate upstream and downstream of the dam 1, but details will be described later.

FIG. 14A shows the water storage weir 3 of the second embodiment.
2B is an explanatory view of a peripheral portion of FIG. 3B, and FIG. As shown in FIG. 13 (A), on the upstream side of the reservoir weir 3, between the waterway 22 of the bypass tunnel 4 and the river,
An intake gate 12 for introducing running water into a waterway 22 is attached to be openable and closable. Intake gate at non-flood
Since 12 is closed, water can be reserved in the reservoir weir 3 and vehicles can pass through the vehicle road 21 of the bypass tunnel 4. At the time of a flood, the intake gate 12 is opened to allow turbid water flowing from the upstream of the river to escape to the waterway 22 of the bypass tunnel 4, and the vehicle can pass through the vehicle road 21 of the bypass tunnel 4. Since the rest of the configuration is substantially the same as the dam turbid water treatment facility of the first embodiment, the same reference numerals are given and description thereof is omitted.

As shown in FIGS. 7 and 14 (A), a fishway 27 is provided along the side of the waterway 22 to protect the ecosystem, and the swallowing mouth of the fishway 27 is provided with the intake gate 12 It is advisable to provide a small fishway gate 28, which is separate from the above, so that it can be opened and closed. In this case, at the time of non-flood, if the small gate 28 for the fishway is opened, the fish upstream of the dam 1 can pass through the fishway 27 and descend to the downstream of the dam 1 according to the river flow. The fish downstream can pass upstream of dam 1 through fishway 27. As shown in FIG. 14 (B), river water is a dam plate 29.
Since the fish flow down while passing over the weir plate 29, the fish can go over the weir plate 29 and move back and forth between the upstream and downstream of the weir plate 29, and the recess between the weir plate 29 and the weir plate 29. Because you can
The fish take a break in this pit, from upstream to downstream of Dam 1,
You can travel from downstream to upstream.

With the above configuration, the dam turbid water treatment facility of the second embodiment can be effectively utilized as follows. Table 2 shows the opening / closing state of the intake gate 12 and the role of the detour tunnel 20 during flood and non-flood.

<Table 2> : Intake gate 12: Detour tunnel 20; :: Vehicle road 21 | Waterway 22; Flood : Open: Gate : Vehicle road | Waterway; Non-flood: Closed (However: vehicle road | Fishway; : The small gate 28 for fishways is open): | ； The vehicle road 21 of the detour tunnel 20 can be used as a road for vehicles to pass through during the flood or non-flood. It is possible to revitalize exchanges in the downstream areas, and to improve road improvement benefits, land asset benefits, water source recharge, and forest asset benefits to water source residents and mountainous mountain communities.

At the time of flood, the channel 22 of the bypass tunnel 20 is used as a flowing channel for muddy water. Although large unnecessary substances such as fine-grained sand, gravel, and gravel in the upstream are once stopped by the sand dam 9, the running water flows quickly, so that the river water flows into the water dam 3 as unmixed muddy water. This turbid water is bypassed to the water channel 22 of the dam turbid water treatment facility 20 through the open intake gate 12, and is discharged from the water outlet 22 of the water channel 22 to the downstream of the dam 1. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the inflow of highly turbid water into the reservoir 2 at the beginning of the flood, so that the turbid water of the reservoir is prolonged and the clear water after the flood is supplied to the downstream through the bypass tunnel 20. It is possible to prevent discharge of long-term turbid water to the water, in other words, to supply clear water to the downstream area.

Vehicle roads of the detour tunnel 20 when there is no flood
Pass the vehicle to 21. Fishway to waterway 22 of detour tunnel 20
When 27 is provided, not only let the vehicle pass through the vehicle road 21, but also the descending fish or the like in the fishway 27 as a bypass of the dam 1 that blocks the river from upstream to downstream of the dam 1, You can go back and forth in both directions from downstream to upstream.

Next, a turbid water treatment facility for dams according to the third embodiment will be described. FIG. 8 is a schematic perspective view and a block diagram according to a third embodiment of the dam turbid water treatment facility of the present invention. As shown in the figure, the dam turbid water treatment facility of the third embodiment is characterized in that both the detour tunnel 23 and the work pit 24 are provided. The turbid water treatment facility for dams according to the third embodiment is similar to the turbid water treatment facilities for dams according to the first and second embodiments, and a river is dammed by the dam 1 to form a reservoir 2, which is located upstream of the reservoir 2. A water storage weir 3 is provided, and a sand storage weir 9 is provided upstream of the water storage weir 3. The bypass tunnel 23 is provided with an upstream door 18 upstream of the dam 1 and a downstream door 19 downstream of the dam 1, and is constructed as a road through which a vehicle passes.
The working pit 24 is provided along the detour tunnel 23, and the drinking mouth 25 is provided upstream of the water storage weir 3 and downstream of the sand storage weir 9, and the water discharge outlet 26 is provided downstream of the dam 1. There is a slope so that muddy water can flow down from the swallow 25 to the outlet 26. The work pit 24 is provided for excavating the bypass tunnel 23. Generally, the work pit is provided in a long tunnel, but is closed after the completion of the excavation work. In the present invention, after the detour tunnel is excavated, it is used without intentionally blocking it.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory view of the peripheral portion of the water storage weir of the third embodiment. As shown in the figure, an intake gate 12 is openably and closably provided between the drinking port 25 of the work pit 24 and the river on the upstream side of the water storage weir 3. This work pit
Separated from the drinking mouth 25 of 24, the upstream side entrance 18 of the detour tunnel 23
Is provided upstream of dam 1. Therefore, the vehicle can pass through the bypass tunnel 23 regardless of whether the intake gate 12 is opened or closed, and the intake gate 12 can be opened to allow muddy water to escape to the work pit 24 during a flood.

FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of the dam turbid water treatment facility of the third embodiment. As shown in FIG. 10 (A), the dam turbid water treatment facility according to the third embodiment has a detour tunnel 23 in the surrounding mountains.
And the work pit 24 are excavated, both of which are tunnel type, so that roads connecting the upstream region and the downstream region of the dam can be constructed without cutting down the forest in the mountains. Figure
As shown in 10 (B), the inside of the bypass tunnel 23 has a flat road surface so that the vehicle m can pass from both directions.

With the above configuration, the dam turbid water treatment facility of the third embodiment can be effectively utilized as follows. Table 3 shows the open / closed state of the intake gate 12 and the roles of the detour tunnel 23 and the work pit 24 during flooding and non-flooding. Similar to the fishway 27 of the waterway 22 of the second embodiment, if the fishway 27 is provided along the side road of the work pit 24 and the small gate 28 for fishway is provided at the drinking mouth of this fishway 27, the ecosystem will be improved. It is preferable because it can be protected.

<Table 3> : Intake gate 12: Detour tunnel 23: Work pit 24; Flooding: Opening gate: Vehicle road: Waterway; Non-flooding: Closing gate (but: Vehicle road: Fishway ; : Small gate for fishway 28 is an open gate): ： ； This detour tunnel 23 can be utilized as a road for vehicles to pass whether it is flooding or non-flooding, thus activating exchange between upstream and downstream areas of detour tunnel 23. Therefore, it is possible to improve road improvement benefits, land asset benefits, water source recharge, and forest asset benefits to water source residents and mountainous communities.

At the time of flood, the work pit 24 is used as a flowing channel for muddy water. Large waste materials such as fine-grained sand, gravel, and gravel in the upstream are temporarily stopped by the sand storage weir 9, but the flowing water is fast, so the river flows into the water storage weir 3 as a mixture of muddy water. This turbid water is bypassed to the work pit 24 through the open intake gate 12 and is discharged to the dam 1 from the water discharge port 26 of the work pit 24. For this reason, the inflow of highly turbid water into the reservoir 2 at the beginning of the flood can be reduced, which reduces the turbid water lengthening of the reservoir and supplies the clear water after the flood to the downstream through the bypass tunnel 23. It is possible to prevent the release of long-term turbid water into the
Clear water can be supplied to downstream areas.

At the time of non-flood, the vehicle is passed through the bypass tunnel 23. When a fishway 27 is provided in the working pit 24, the descending fish or the like dam 1 dams the river.
You can go back and forth in both directions via.

Next, a turbid water treatment facility for dams according to the fourth embodiment will be described. FIG. 11 is a block diagram of a dam turbid water treatment facility according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the figure, the dam turbid water treatment facility of the fourth embodiment is characterized in that it is provided in a water system that has a large tributary s that flows into a reservoir 2 dammed by a dam 1. The turbid water treatment facility for dams according to the fourth embodiment is not shown in the figure like the turbid water treatment facility for dams according to the first embodiment in the main stream of a water-based river in which a tributary s is pouring into a reservoir 2. The main stream is dammed by a dam 1 to form a reservoir 2, a first reservoir 3 is provided upstream of the reservoir 2, and a first sand reservoir 9 is provided upstream of the first reservoir 3. Is provided. An upstream bypass tunnel 4a is provided between the upstream of the first reservoir 3 and the tributary s, and a downstream bypass tunnel 4b is provided between the tributary s and the downstream of the dam 1.

A second reservoir weir 30 is provided on the tributary s for pouring river water into the reservoir 2, and a second sand reservoir weir 38 is provided upstream of the second reservoir weir 30. There is. The second reservoir weir 38 is for preventing fine grained sand, gravel, gravel, etc. flowing down from the upstream of the tributary s from flowing into the second reservoir weir 30, and Reference numeral 30 is for adjusting the amount of inflow into the downstream bypass tunnel 4b.

As shown in FIG. 11, the upstream bypass tunnel 4a is provided with a drinking port 5a downstream of the first sand retaining weir 9 and upstream of the first reservoir weir 3, and with a water outlet 6a extending second. Is provided downstream of the sand storage weir 38 and upstream of the second water storage weir 30. Although not shown, a first intake gate 12a is openably and closably attached between the road and the river which follows the drinking port 5a of the upstream bypass tunnel 4a in the same manner as in FIG. A car stop gate 10a is provided on the upstream side of the vehicle so as to be openable and closable. When there is no flood, the first intake gate 12a is closed and the car stop gate 10a
Since the gate is open, vehicles can pass through the upstream bypass tunnel 4a. In the event of a flood, the first intake gate 12a is opened to allow muddy water flowing from the upstream of the river to escape to the upstream bypass tunnel 4a, and the car stop gate 10a.
Is closed to prevent traffic through the upstream bypass tunnel 4a.
Although not shown in the drawings, the water discharge port 6a of the upstream detour tunnel 4a is similar to FIGS.
A first waterway guide mechanism such as a slope 16 and a slope 17 is provided, and a car stop gate 11a is provided on the road downstream of this waterway guide mechanism so as to be openable and closable in synchronization with the car stop gate 10a.

Similarly, the downstream bypass tunnel 4b
Is the water outlet 6 of the upstream bypass tunnel 4a.
It is provided downstream of a and upstream of the second water storage weir 30, and the water discharge port 6b is provided downstream of the dam 1. Although not shown, a second intake gate 12b is openably and closably attached between the road and the river following the drinking port 5b of the downstream bypass tunnel 4b in the same manner as in FIG. A car stop gate 10b is provided on the downstream side of the car so that it can be opened and closed. At the time of non-flood, the second intake gate 12b is closed and the car stop gate 10b is opened, so that the vehicle can pass through the downstream bypass tunnel 4b. At the time of flood, the second intake gate 12b is opened to allow muddy water flowing from the downstream of the river to escape to the downstream bypass tunnel 4b, and the car stop gate 10b to be closed to prevent the downstream bypass tunnel 4b from passing. Although not shown in the drawings, the water outlet 6b of the downstream bypass tunnel 4b is provided with a first waterway guide mechanism such as the bridge 13, the water flow control gate 16, and the slope 17 in the same manner as in FIGS. A car stop gate 11b is provided on the road downstream of the waterway guide mechanism so as to be openable and closable in synchronization with the car stop gate 10b.

With the above-mentioned configuration, the dam turbid water treatment facility of the fourth embodiment can be effectively utilized as follows. Wheel stop gates 10a, 11a, 10b, 11b and first intake gate 12a during flood and non-flood,
Table 4 shows the opened / closed state of the second intake gate 12b and the roles of the upstream bypass tunnel 4a and the downstream bypass tunnel 4b.

[0038]<Table 4> : Car stop gates 10a, 11a: Intake gate 12a: Upstream bypass tunnel 4a: Flood: Closed gate: Opened gate: Waterway: Non-flood: Open: Closed: Vehicle road:  : Car stop gates 10b, 11b: Intake gate 12b: Downstream bypass tunnel 4b: Flood: Closed gate: Opened gate: Waterway: Non-flood: Open: Closed: Vehicle road: In the event of a flood, close all car stop gates (not shown)
Traffic is regulated by the vehicle, and the vehicle is bypassed to the upstream detour tunnel 4a or the downstream detour.
Preventing passage through tunnel 4b,
a and the downstream detour tunnel 4b are used as flowing channels for muddy water.
To use. Fine-grained soil, gravel, and sand flowing down from the upstream of the mainstream
The profit is large because it is temporarily stopped by the first sand dam 9.
Although unnecessary waste can be removed, the flowing water is fast, so the river
The water flows into the first reservoir weir 3 as it is as the agitated muddy water.
Part of this muddy water is the first intake gate that is open
Take 12a to the swallow 5a of the upstream bypass tunnel 4a
Not shown, through the upstream bypass tunnel 4a
Is the bridge 13, the flow control gate 16, the slope 17, etc.
It is once discharged from the first waterway guide mechanism to the tributary s. Soshi
The turbid water stored in the tributary river s is
Release from intake gate 12b through downstream bypass tunnel 4b
It is discharged from the water mouth 6 to the dam 1. And the muddy water is illustrated
Although not done, bridges 13, running water control gates 16, slopes 17, etc.
Flow to the downstream of the dam 1 by the second waterway guide mechanism of
Be sent down. On the other hand, fine-grained soil flowing down from the upstream of the tributary s
Sand, gravel, and gravel are blocked by the second sand dam 38.
Therefore, large unnecessary substances can be removed. The above
Finally, even if the water system has a tributary river s,
Since it is possible to reduce the inflow of highly turbid water at the beginning of water,
Reducing the length of turbid water in a reservoir and clearing it after a flood
To replenish the water downstream through the detour tunnels 4a, 4b
Therefore, it is possible to prevent long-term turbid water discharge to downstream rivers.
In other words, supplying clear water to the downstream area
it can.

At the time of flood, the upstream bypass tunnel 4a and the downstream bypass tunnel 4b can be used as muddy water facilities, and at the time of non-flood, the upstream bypass tunnel 4a and the downstream bypass tunnel 4 are used.
Since b can be used as a vehicle road, the economic benefits and road improvement benefits of the upstream and downstream areas of Dam 1, the land asset benefits for water source residents and mountainous mountain communities, the proliferation of water source recharge, and the forest asset benefits be able to.

In FIG. 11, one tributary river s is poured into the reservoir 2, but a plurality of tributaries s may be poured into the reservoir 2. That is, if the dam turbid water treatment facility of the fourth embodiment is provided in each tributary s, the same effect can be obtained.

Next, a turbid water treatment facility for dams according to the fifth embodiment will be described. FIG. 12 is a schematic perspective view of a turbid water treatment facility for dams according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 13 is a block diagram of the same. As shown in FIGS. 12 to 13, the turbid water treatment facility for dams according to the fifth embodiment is provided in a water system with a large tributary s that pours into a reservoir 2 blocked by a dam 1, and a detour tunnel through which vehicles pass. And a working pit used as a waterway are provided, and it is not necessary to provide a means for blocking the detour tunnel.

In the turbid water treatment facility for dam of the fifth embodiment, a second reservoir weir 30 is provided in the tributary s for pouring river water into the reservoir 2 similarly to the turbid water treatment facility for dam of the fourth embodiment. In addition, a second sand dam 38 is provided upstream of the second water dam 30. This second sand retaining weir 38 is used to remove fine-grained earth and sand, gravel, gravel, etc. flowing down from the upstream of the tributary s.
The second water storage weir 30 is for controlling the amount of inflow into the downstream working pit 24b. On the other hand, in the main stream of the water-based river in which the tributary s is pouring into the reservoir 2, the main stream of the river is dammed by the dam 1 into the reservoir 2 as in the dam turbid water treatment facility of the first embodiment. A first reservoir weir 3 is provided upstream of the reservoir 2, and a first sand reservoir weir 9 is provided upstream of the first reservoir weir 3.

As shown in FIGS. 12 to 13, the bypass tunnel is composed of a connecting road 31, an upstream bypass tunnel 23a and a downstream bypass tunnel 23b, and the work shaft is an upstream work shaft 24a and a downstream work shaft. 24b and. The upstream bypass tunnel 23a and the upstream work pit 24a are provided in parallel, and the downstream bypass tunnel 23b and the downstream work pit 24b are also provided in parallel. The connection road 31 is provided as a vehicle road on the upper surface of the second sand dam 38 and is bridged over the tributary s to connect an upstream bypass tunnel 23a and a downstream bypass tunnel 23b described later. The upstream bypass tunnel 23a includes an upstream side entrance / exit 18a (not shown) upstream of the first reservoir weir 3, and a downstream side entrance / exit 19a on the connecting road 31. The downstream bypass tunnel 23b is connected to the upstream entrance 18
b is provided on the connecting road 31, and a downstream side entrance 19b (not shown) is provided downstream of the dam 1. With this configuration, the vehicle m
Can pass through the upstream detour tunnel 23a and the downstream detour tunnel 23b via the connecting road 31, and can be transferred from the upstream area of dam 1 to the downstream area of dam 1 or from the downstream area of dam 1 to the upstream area of dam 1. You can make a round trip with.

The working pits are the upstream working pit 24a and the downstream working pit 24b.
The upstream working pit 24a is provided with a drinking mouth 5a downstream of the first sand storage weir 9 and upstream of the first water storage weir 3, and with a discharge outlet 6a in the tributary s. Upstream working pit 24
A water intake gate 12 (not shown) is openably and closably attached to the drinking port 5a of a, and the water discharge port 6 of the upstream working pit 24a is connected.
A tributary outlet gate 45 is attached to a so that it can be opened and closed. The downstream working pit 24b is provided with a drinking port 5b downstream of the discharge port 6a of the upstream working pit 24a and upstream of the second reservoir weir 30, and with a discharging port 6b downstream of the dam 1, A tributary intake gate 47 is openably and closably attached to the mouth 5b. With the configuration as described above, even in a water system with a tributary, it is possible to activate the interregional exchange by connecting the upstream region of the first reservoir weir 3 and the downstream region of the dam 1 by a bypass tunnel.

12 to 13, the upstream detour tunnel 23a, the connecting road 31, and the downstream detour tunnel 23b are
Although it is provided outside the upstream work pit 24a and the downstream work pit 24b with respect to the reservoir 2, the upstream bypass tunnel 23a, the connecting road 31, and the downstream bypass tunnel 23b are used with respect to the reservoir 2 It may be provided inside the pit 24b.
That is, in the present invention, the connecting road 31 is bridged over the tributary river s, and the upstream bypass tunnel 23a and the downstream bypass tunnel 23a are
It suffices to connect b and b, and the position where the connecting road 31 is bridged over the tributary s can be adopted regardless of whether the tributary s is upstream or downstream.

With the above configuration, the dam turbid water treatment facility of the fifth embodiment can be effectively used as follows. Opening and closing of intake gate 12, tributary outlet gate 45, and tributary intake gate 47 during floods and non-floods, as well as upstream bypass tunnel 23a, downstream bypass tunnel 23b, upstream work pit 24a, and downstream work pit 24b. The roles are shown in Table 5. In addition, like the waterway 22 of the second and third embodiments,
It is preferable to provide the fishway 27 along the side road of the work pit 24 and to provide the fishway small gate 28 at the drinking mouth of the fishway 27 because the ecosystem can be protected.

<Table 5> : Intake gate 12: Up / downstream detour tunnels 23a and 23b; Flood: Opening: Vehicle road; Non-flooding: Closing (but: Vehicle road ; : Small gate 28 for fishway is open ): : Upper and lower work pits: Tributary outlet gate 45: Tributary intake gate 47; Flood: Channel: Opening gate: Opening gate; Non-flooding: Fishway: Closing gate: Closing gate; Dam turbidity treatment facility of the fifth embodiment Whether the vehicle is non-flooded or flooded,
Upstream detour tunnel 23a, connecting road 31 and downstream detour tunnel
Since it is possible to pass through 23b, it is possible to activate exchanges between upstream and downstream areas, and benefit road improvement and land asset benefits, water resources recharge and forest asset benefits to water source residents and mountainous mountain communities. Can be improved.

At the time of flood, the upstream work pit 24a and the downstream work pit
Utilize 24b as a turbulent water flow channel. Large undesired materials such as fine-grained sand, gravel, and gravel in the upstream are once stopped by the first sand dam 9, but since the flowing water is fast, the river flows into the first water dam 3 as a mixture of muddy water. Although not shown, a part of this muddy water is bypassed to the upstream bypass tunnel 23a through the open intake gate 12 and is temporarily discharged from the tributary water discharge gate 45 to the tributary river s. Then, the turbid water stored in the tributary river s is discharged from the tributary intake gate 47 through the downstream working pit 24b to the downstream of the dam 1 through the outlet 26b of the downstream working pit 24b. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the inflow of highly turbid water into the reservoir 2 at the beginning of the flood,
The long-term muddy water in the reservoir is reduced and the clear water after the flood is replenished to the downstream through the upstream bypass tunnel 23a and the downstream bypass tunnel 23b, so that it is possible to prevent the long-term muddy water from being discharged to the downstream river. Clear water can be supplied to downstream areas.

At the time of non-flood, vehicles are allowed to pass through the upstream bypass tunnel 23a, the connecting road 31, and the downstream bypass tunnel 23b.
When the fishway 27 is provided in the upstream work pit 24a or the downstream work pit 24b, the descending fish or the like passes through the upstream work pit 24a, the tributary s, and the downstream work pit 24b to dam the river. You can go back and forth in both directions via 1.

In FIG. 12, only one tributary river s pours into the reservoir 2, but a plurality of tributaries s may flow into the reservoir 2. That is, if the dam turbid water treatment facility of the fifth embodiment is provided in each tributary s, the same effect can be obtained.

[0051]

According to the dam water treatment facility of the present invention,
Prevents turbid water from being discharged into rivers for a long time, can be used as a vehicle road that has been maintained during non-flooding or flooding, and can also be used as a waterway at the same time. It is possible to improve economic benefits and road improvement benefits for local residents. Furthermore, it can be applied to a water system with a tributary.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1A is a schematic perspective view of a dam turbid water treatment facility according to a first embodiment, and FIG. 1B is a block diagram thereof.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of an upstream portion of the water storage weir of the first embodiment.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of a downstream portion of the dam according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of a downstream portion of the dam according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of a downstream portion of the dam according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the bypass tunnel according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a sectional view of a dam turbid water treatment facility according to a second embodiment.

8A is a schematic perspective view of a dam turbid water treatment facility according to a third embodiment, and FIG. 8B is a block diagram thereof.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of an upstream portion of the water storage weir of the third embodiment.

FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of a dam turbid water treatment facility according to a third embodiment.

FIG. 11 is a block diagram of a dam turbid water treatment facility applied to a water system with a tributary of the fourth embodiment.

FIG. 12 is a schematic perspective view of a turbid water treatment facility for a dam applied to a water system with a tributary of the fifth embodiment.

FIG. 13 is a block diagram of a dam turbid water treatment facility applied to a water system with a tributary of the fifth embodiment.

FIG. 14 (A) is an explanatory view of an upstream portion of a reservoir weir of the dam turbid water treatment facility of the second embodiment, and FIG. 14 (B) is a side sectional view of a fishway.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Dam 2 Reservoir 3 Reservoir Weir 4 Detour Tunnel 5 Drinking Port 6 Water Drain 9 Sand Sand Weir 10 Car Stop Gate 11 Car Stop Gate 12 Intake Gate 13 Bridge 14 Slit 15 Floor Board 16 Flow Control Gate 17 Slope 18 Upstream Entrance 19 20 Downstream Entrance Detour tunnel 21 Vehicle road 22 Waterway 23 Detour tunnel 24 Work mine 25 Drinking mouth 26 Water outlet 27 Fishway 30 Second reservoir dam 31 Connecting road 38 Second sand dam 45 Tributary river drainage gate 47 Tributary intake gate p Old road d Turbid water m Automobile s Tributary 4a Upstream detour tunnel 4b Downstream detour tunnel 5a Drinking mouth 5b Drinking mouth 6a Water discharge port 6b Water discharge port 10a Car stop gate 10b Car stop gate 11a Car stop gate 12a 23 Water intake gate 12b Water gate gate 12b Water intake gate 12b Channel 23b downstream bypass tunnel 24a upstream working pit 24b downstream operations anti

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. In a water system having a reservoir dammed by a dam, a reservoir weir provided upstream of the reservoir, a sand reservoir weird upstream of the reservoir weir, and a reservoir downstream of the sand reservoir. A drainage tunnel is provided upstream of the reservoir weir, a water discharge outlet is provided downstream of the dam, and has a gradient to allow water to flow down. A turbid water treatment facility for dams, which comprises: an intake gate for introducing the detour tunnel; a waterway guide mechanism for discharging running water from the outlet of the bypass tunnel to the downstream of the dam; and means for blocking the bypass tunnel from vehicles. . 2. In a water system having a reservoir dammed by a dam, a reservoir weir provided upstream of the reservoir, a sand reservoir weird upstream of the reservoir weir, and a downstream dam of the sand reservoir. It has a drinking water outlet upstream of the reservoir weir, a water outlet downstream of the dam, has a gradient to allow water to flow down, and has a two-tier structure inside and below, with a lower waterway and an upper waterway. It is composed of a detour tunnel constructed as a vehicle road, an intake gate that introduces running water into the swallow of the detour tunnel, and a waterway guide mechanism that discharges running water from the outlet of the detour tunnel to the downstream of the dam. A characteristic turbid water treatment facility for dams. 3. In a water system having a reservoir dammed by a dam, a reservoir weir provided upstream of the reservoir, a sand reservoir provided upstream of the reservoir weir, and an upstream inlet / outlet upstream of the dam. And a detour tunnel that is equipped with a downstream doorway downstream of the dam and has an interior as a vehicle road,
Provided for excavation of the bypass tunnel, provided with an intake gate and a drinking port downstream of the sand storage weir and upstream of the storage weir, and provided with a water discharge outlet downstream of the dam to flow water. A turbid water treatment facility for dams, which is characterized by comprising a work pit having an inclined slope. 4. In a water system having a tributary pouring into a reservoir dammed by a dam, a first reservoir weir provided upstream of the reservoir and a first reservoir weird upstream of the first reservoir weir. A sand storage weir, and a second water storage weir provided in the tributary,
A second sand storage weir provided upstream of the second water storage weir, and a drinking port downstream of the first sand storage weir and upstream of the first water storage weir are provided. Downstream and the second
An upstream bypass tunnel having a water discharge outlet upstream of the reservoir weir, having a gradient for allowing water to flow down, and having an interior as a vehicle road, and downstream of the water discharge outlet of the upstream bypass tunnel. The upstream bypass tunnel is equipped with a drinking outlet upstream of the reservoir weir, the outlet is downstream of the dam, and has a gradient to allow water to flow down. A first intake gate for introducing running water to the first bypass channel, a first waterway guide mechanism for discharging running water from the outlet of the upstream bypass tunnel to the tributary, and a second intake channel for introducing the running water to the swallow of the downstream bypass tunnel. Turbid water treatment for dams, comprising an intake gate, a second waterway guide mechanism for discharging flowing water from the outlet of the downstream bypass tunnel to the downstream of the dam, and a means for blocking the bypass tunnel from vehicles. Facility 5. In a water system having a tributary that pours into a reservoir dammed by a dam, a first reservoir weir provided upstream of the reservoir and a first reservoir weird upstream of the first reservoir weir. A sand storage weir, and a second water storage weir provided in the tributary,
It comprises a second sand weir provided upstream of the second reservoir weir, a connecting road, an upstream bypass tunnel and a downstream bypass tunnel, and the connecting road is constructed as a vehicle road and is bridged at an appropriate place on the tributary. The upstream bypass tunnel is provided with an upstream entrance and exit upstream of the dam, the connecting road is provided with a downstream entrance, and the inside is maintained as a vehicle road, and the downstream bypass tunnel is provided with the connecting road. An upstream side entrance and a downstream side entrance downstream of the dam, and a detour tunnel maintained inside as a vehicle road;
The upstream work pit is composed of an upstream work pit and a downstream work pit, the upstream work pit is provided for excavating the upstream bypass tunnel, and flowing water is provided downstream of the first sand dam and upstream of the first water dam. An intake gate and a drinking port to be introduced are provided, and a downstream river discharge gate for discharging a flowing water to a tributary river and a water discharge outlet are provided downstream of the second sand storage weir and upstream of the second water storage weir. Has a gradient to flow down, a downstream working pit is provided for excavation of the downstream bypass tunnel, is downstream of the second sand retaining weir and upstream of the discharge port of the upstream working pit,
A turbid water treatment facility for dams, comprising a tributary intake gate for introducing running water and a drinking port, a discharge port downstream of the dam, and a work pit having a slope for allowing water to flow down.