JPH09142788A - Construction machine having swing safety device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent damage to a getting-on/out device and surrounding materials by regulating a turning movement according to the position of the getting-on/out device. SOLUTION: A construction machine is provided with a revolving superstructure 2 supported in a specified height position so as to be turned and a getting- on/out device attached to the revolving superstructure 2 for taking a getting-on/off position protruded downward more than the lower end surface of the superstructure 2 or a storing position retreated to the superstructure side and a worker gets on or gets out from the superstructure by the getting-on/out device located in the getting-on/out position. In this case, the construction machine is further provided with a detecting means 8 for detecting the position of the getting-on/out device and driving control means 20, 21, 23 and 27 for controlling the swing movement of the superstructure 2 based on the detected result of the detecting means 8.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a construction machine that requires a boarding / alighting device such as a rudder when boarding an operator's cab provided on a revolving structure, and more particularly, a turning machine that restricts a turning motion according to the position of the boarding / alighting device. A safety device is provided.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In construction machines such as large excavators and cranes, a revolving structure having a driver's cab is arranged at a high position above the ground, so that a worker needs to get on and off the operator's cab using a ladder or the like. This type of ladder is normally used by a worker to get on and off the vehicle (extending downward from the swing structure).
And a storage position that is stored so as not to project from the revolving structure or the lower surface of the revolving structure, and is driven from the storage position to the boarding / alighting position when getting on and off.

[0003]

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] After boarding the operator's cab using the rudder and forgetting to store the rudder and turning the revolving structure while the ladder is in the loading / unloading position, the rudder collides with surrounding materials and the like. May damage the materials and ladder. Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 56-84589 discloses a device for preventing the door from colliding with the engine room and being damaged by the turning motion when the door of the truck crane is opened. In this device, opening and closing of the door of the cab of the truck crane is detected by a limit switch, and when the door is open, the supply of pressure oil to the hydraulic motor for turning is shut off to prohibit the turning operation. However, this device is not applied to a construction machine that uses a ladder to get on and off the cab, and no consideration is given to the problem caused by the ladder.

The present invention relates to a construction machine which uses a boarding / alighting device such as a rudder for getting on and off a driver's cab provided in a revolving structure, and restricts the turning motion according to the position of the boarding / alighting device so that the boarding / alighting device and surrounding materials can be controlled. The purpose is to prevent damage to the.

[0005]

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the present invention.
Describing in association with FIG. 4, the present invention, the revolving structure 2 which is rotatably supported at a predetermined height position, is attached to the revolving structure 2, and protrudes below the lower end surface of the revolving structure 2. The present invention is applied to a construction machine that includes a boarding / alighting device 6 that can have a boarding / alighting position a and a storage position b that retracts to the revolving structure side, and that allows a worker to board / unload a revolving structure by the boarding / alighting device 6 at the boarding / alighting position a. It The invention according to claim 1 detects the position of the boarding / alighting device 6, and the drive control means 20 and 21 for controlling the turning operation of the revolving structure 2 based on the detection output of the detecting means 8 and 9. , 23, 27. As described above, in the present invention, the turning operation of the revolving unit 2 is controlled based on the position of the entry / exit device 6 that is movable between the entry / exit position a and the storage position b. According to the second aspect of the present invention, when the detection means 8 and 9 detect that the boarding / alighting device 6 is located at a position other than the storage position b, the turning motion of the revolving structure 2 is prohibited. According to the invention of claim 3, the first detection body 8 provided on either one of the boarding / alighting device 6 and the swing body 2.
And a second detection body 9 provided on the other side of the detection means, and whether or not the boarding / alighting device 6 is in the storage position b depends on the positional relationship between the first and second detection bodies 8 and 9. Is detected. According to the invention of claim 4, when the boarding / alighting device 6 is located on the same plane as the lower surface of the revolving unit 2 or above the same, a detection signal indicating that the boarding / alighting device 6 is in the storage position b is output. It is a thing. Claim 5
According to another aspect of the invention, the drive control means is configured as follows. The drive control means is driven in response to a predetermined operation to rotate the revolving structure 2, the brake device 21 for applying a brake to the hydraulic motor 20, the detection means 8,
When it is detected by 9 that the boarding / alighting device 6 is at a position other than the storage position b, the prohibiting devices 23 and 27 for prohibiting the release of the brake by the brake device 21 to prohibit the turning motion of the revolving structure 2 are included. . According to the invention of claim 6, the drive control means is configured as follows. The drive control means is that the hydraulic motor 20 that is driven by the oil discharged from the hydraulic power source 30 (FIG. 5) to rotate the revolving structure 2 and that the detection means 8 and 9 cause the boarding / alighting device 6 to be at a position other than the storage position b. Is detected, the prohibition devices 27 and 34 are included to shut off the pressure oil guided from the hydraulic power source 30 to the hydraulic motor 20 in order to prohibit the swing motion of the swing body 2. The invention of claim 7 is, for example, as shown in FIG. 6, when detecting means 8 and 9 for detecting the position of the boarding / alighting device 6, and when the detecting means 8 and 9 detect that the boarding / alighting device 6 is at the boarding / alighting position. And an informing means 41 and 42 for informing that fact. The operator can recognize the position of the boarding / alighting device by the above notification.

[0006] In the section of the means for solving the above-mentioned problems, which explains the configuration of the present invention, the drawings of the embodiments are used to make the present invention easier to understand. However, the present invention is not limited to this.

[0007]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

-First Embodiment- A first embodiment in which the present invention is applied to a floating crane will be described with reference to Figs. FIG. 1 is a side view of a floating crane according to the present embodiment, and FIG.
Is an enlarged view of part A, and FIG. 3 is a detailed view of part B in FIG.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 is a base installed on a deck of a ship, for example, and a support member 50 is mounted on the base 1.
The revolving structure 2 is rotatably supported via the revolving wheel 3. Reference numeral 4 denotes a boom that can be lifted up from the revolving structure 2, and 5 denotes a hook that is suspended from the boom 4 via a wire rope. A suspended load (not shown) is suspended on the hook 5. By driving a hoisting winch (not shown) mounted on the revolving unit 2, the hook 5 is moved up and down via the rope, and thus the suspended load is moved up and down.

The revolving superstructure 2 is provided with a driver's cab 2A in front of which the boom 4 is raised and lowered, the revolving superstructure 2 is swung, the hook 5 is moved, and the like. Step 2B for servicing equipment such as an engine is provided. The step 2B is attached so as to extend horizontally from the lower surface portion of the revolving unit 2, so that the operator can move the outer periphery of the revolving unit 2.

Reference numeral 6 is a ladder for mounting and dismounting provided on the revolving structure 2. The ladder 6 is a column 6A as shown in FIGS.
And a step board 6B provided on the support 6A in a stepwise manner, and a handrail 6
It is composed of C and. The column 6A is rotatably supported by a bracket or the like on a bracket 7 provided in step 2B, and is freely rotatable between a boarding / alighting position a indicated by a chain double-dashed line in FIG. 2 and a storage position b indicated by a solid line. At the boarding / alighting position a, the ladder 6 projects downward from the lower surface of the revolving structure 2 to near the base 1,
At the retracted position b, it is located in a substantially horizontal state on the same plane as the lower surface of the revolving unit 2 or slightly above it. The worker gets on and off the operator's cab 2A of the revolving unit 2 along the ladder 6 at the entry / exit position a. Reference numeral 10 denotes a hydraulic cylinder for moving the ladder 6 between the entry / exit position a and the storage position b, which is expanded / contracted by an operation switch in the operator cab 2A.

In FIG. 3, 8 is a limit switch provided on the bracket 7, 9 is a striker provided near the center of rotation of the ladder 6, and the limit switch 8
Is held in an on state when it is not in contact with the striker 9, and is turned off when it is in contact with the striker 8. The striker 9 comes into contact with the switch portion of the limit switch 8 when the ladder 6 is driven to the storage position b,
At the other positions, the contact state with the switch unit is maintained. That is, the limit switch 8 is turned off only when the ladder 6 is in the storage position b.

FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram showing a circuit configuration of a turning safety device mounted on the floating crane. 2
Reference numeral 0 is a swing hydraulic motor for swinging the swing body 2 with respect to the base 1, and is driven by a hydraulic drive mechanism (not shown). Reference numeral 21 denotes a brake device provided near the swing hydraulic motor 20. The brake device 21 applies and releases the brake to the swing hydraulic motor 20 by supplying and discharging pressure oil discharged from the hydraulic pump 22.

Reference numeral 23 denotes an electromagnetic valve for controlling the pressure oil supplied to and discharged from the brake device 21, which includes a release position A for supplying pressure oil from the hydraulic pump 22 to the brake device 21 to release the brake, and a brake device. It is possible to switch to a braking position B in which pressure oil is discharged from 21 to apply a brake. The solenoid valve 23 holds the braking position B by a spring when the solenoid portion 23a is in the non-energized state.
When the power is supplied to 3a, it is switched to the release position A. Note that 24
Is a relief valve.

Reference numeral 25 denotes a brake switch for operating the solenoid valve 23, which has an ON terminal 25a and an OFF terminal 25b. When switched to the OFF terminal 25b, the power supply 26 and the relay 27 are connected. The relay 27 includes a relay solenoid section 27a connectable to the power source 26 via the limit switch 8 described in FIG. 3, and a switch section 27b having c-contact, d-contact and e-contact, and the switch section 27b.
Is connected to the OFF terminal 25b of the switch 25, and the d contact is connected to the solenoid portion 23a of the solenoid valve 23. When the relay solenoid portion 27a is demagnetized, the c contact and the d contact are connected and the brake switch 2
5 is connected to the solenoid part 23a of the solenoid valve 23, and when the relay solenoid part 27a is excited, the c contact and the e contact are connected and the brake switch 25 is connected to the solenoid part 23.
It is cut off from a.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described. When the ladder 6 is at the entry / exit position a in FIG. 2, the limit switch 8 and the striker 9 are not in contact with each other, so the limit switch 8 is on. Therefore,
The relay solenoid portion 27a of the relay 27 is excited by the power source 26, and the c contact and the e contact of the switch portion 27b are connected. In this state, the brake switch 25 is disconnected from the solenoid portion 23a of the solenoid valve 23. Therefore, even if the brake switch 25 is turned off to perform the turning operation, the solenoid portion 23a is not excited and the solenoid valve 23 is set to the braking position B. The brake device 21 is held and is not released. That is, the hydraulic motor 20 is in a drive-disabled state and cannot perform the swing operation of the swing body 2.

On the other hand, when the ladder 6 is moved to the storage position b in FIG. 2, the limit switch 8 and the striker 9 are in contact with each other and the limit switch 8 is turned off. Therefore, the relay solenoid portion 27a of the relay 27 is connected to the power source 26.
The relay solenoid portion 27a is demagnetized, and the c contact of the switch portion 27b is connected to the d contact. As a result, the brake switch 25 causes the solenoid portion 2 of the solenoid valve 23 to
3a, when the brake switch 25 is turned off to perform the turning operation, the solenoid portion 23a of the solenoid valve 23 is supplied with power from the power source 26 to be excited, and the solenoid valve 23 is connected.
Is switched to the release position A and the brake is released. As a result, the hydraulic motor 20 becomes rotatable, and the swing motion of the swing structure 2 is permitted.

As described above, in the present embodiment, the ladder 6
Is in a position other than the retracted position b, the brake device 2
Since the revolving operation of the revolving structure 2 is prohibited without releasing 1, the rudder 6 can be prevented from colliding with the material or the like by the revolving operation.

In the above embodiment, the ladder 6 serves as a boarding / alighting device, the limit switch 8 and the striker 9 serve as detection means, the hydraulic motor 20, the brake device 21, the solenoid valve 23, and the relay 27 serve as drive control means, and a solenoid valve. The relay 27 constitutes a prohibition device, and the limit switch 8 and the striker 9 constitute first and second detection bodies, respectively.

-Second Embodiment- A second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
The same components as those in FIG. 4 are designated by the same reference numerals, and different points will be mainly described. In the above-described first embodiment, the turning of the revolving structure 2 is prohibited by disabling the brake of the hydraulic motor 20, but in the present embodiment,
An example will be described in which turning is prohibited by cutting off the supply of pressure oil to the hydraulic motor 20.

In FIG. 5, reference numeral 30 denotes a swing hydraulic motor 20.
Is a hydraulic pump serving as a drive source of the hydraulic pump, and 31 is a hydraulic pilot control valve interposed between the hydraulic pump 30 and the swing hydraulic motor 20. The control valve 31 controls the flow rate and the direction of the pressure oil supplied from the hydraulic pump 30 to the swing hydraulic motor 20, and when the pressure oil does not act on the pilot port, the control valve 31 holds a neutral position by a spring and controls the pilot port. When pressure oil acts, it switches to either the left or right position.

Reference numeral 32 denotes a pilot operating device for operating the hydraulic pilot control valve, which comprises pressure reducing valves 32a and 32b and an operating lever 32c for operating them. The pressure reducing valves 32 a and 32 b are provided between the hydraulic pump 33 and the pilot port of the hydraulic pilot control valve 31. An electromagnetic valve 34 having the same structure as the electromagnetic valve 23 shown in FIG. 4 is interposed between the hydraulic pump 33 and the pressure reducing valves 32a and 32b.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described. When the ladder 6 is at the entry / exit position a in FIG. 2, the limit switch 8 is on, so the solenoid portion 34a of the solenoid valve 34 is not energized, and the solenoid valve 34 holds the braking position B. Therefore, the hydraulic pump 33 and the pressure reducing valves 32a and 32b of the pilot operating device 32 are cut off, and even if the operating lever 32c is operated to perform the turning operation, the discharge oil of the hydraulic pump 33 is discharged to the pilot port of the hydraulic pilot control valve 31. Not guided, the control valve 31 maintains the neutral position.
For this reason, the hydraulic motor 20 does not rotate, and the swinging motion of the swinging body 2 is not performed.

On the other hand, when the ladder 6 is moved to the storage position b in FIG. 2, the limit switch 8 is turned off, so the relay 2
The solenoid portion 34a of the solenoid valve 34 is energized via 7 and the solenoid valve 34 is switched to the release position A. This allows
The discharge oil of the hydraulic pump 33 acts on the hydraulic pilot control valve 31 via the solenoid valve 34 and the pressure reducing valve 32a or 32b in response to the operation of the operation lever 32c, and the control valve 31 is switched to change the discharge oil of the hydraulic pump 30. It is guided to the hydraulic motor 20. As a result, the hydraulic motor 20 rotates and the revolving unit 2 revolves.

As described above, in the present embodiment, the ladder 6
Is at a position other than the storage position b, the hydraulic motor 20
Since the supply of the pressure oil to the revolving unit 2 is cut off and the revolving operation of the revolving unit 2 is prohibited, it is possible to prevent the rudder 6 from colliding with a material or the like by the revolving operation as described above.

In the above embodiment, the hydraulic motor 2
0, the relay 27 and the solenoid valve 34 constitute drive control means, and the relay 27 and the solenoid valve 34 constitute a prohibition device.

-Third Embodiment- A third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. The same components as those in FIG. 4 are designated by the same reference numerals, and different points will be mainly described. In the present embodiment, in the same manner as described above, in addition to prohibiting the swinging motion of the swinging body 2 when the ladder 6 is not in the storage position b, the operator is notified by a display lamp to that effect. is there.

In FIG. 6, reference numeral 41 is an indicator lamp provided in the driver's cab of the revolving unit 2A, and 42 is a relay provided between the indicator lamp 41 and the power source 26. The relay 42 includes a relay solenoid 42a and a relay switch 42b, and the relay solenoid 42a is excited when the ladder 6 is at a position other than the storage position b and the limit switch 8 is on. When the relay solenoid 42a is excited, the relay switch 42b is switched to the ON position, and the indicator lamp 41 is supplied with power and lights. On the other hand, when the ladder 6 moves to the storage position b and the limit switch 8 turns off, the relay solenoid 42a is demagnetized and the relay switch 42 is demagnetized.
b is switched to the off position, and the indicator lamp 41 is turned off when the power supply is cut off.

Since the indicator lamp 41 is lit when the ladder 6 is in a position other than the storage position b, the operator can check the position of the ladder 6 by looking at the state of the indicator lamp 41. It is possible to recognize that the swing motion of the swing body 2 is currently prohibited.

The detection means for detecting the position of the ladder is not limited to the limit switch and striker described above,
For example, a proximity switch may be used, or a detector that detects a cylinder stroke may be used. Further, the boarding / alighting device is not limited to the ladder as described above. Further, the moving mode between the storage position and the loading / unloading position of the boarding / alighting device is not limited to the rotating type, and may be, for example, a sliding type. The driving means for the ladder is not limited to the cylinder, and a motor and a wire may be used.

Further, in the second embodiment, the control valve 31
Although the drive of the hydraulic motor 20, that is, the swing motion of the swing body 2 is prohibited by prohibiting the operation of (FIG. 5), the hydraulic pressure is reduced by cutting off the conduit between the control valve 31 and the hydraulic motor 20. The driving of the motor 20 may be prohibited.
Further, in the third embodiment, the turning of the revolving structure is prohibited and the notification is given by the indicator lamp, but only the notification may be performed. Further, the notification means is not limited to the indicator light, and a buzzer or the like may be used.

[0031]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the turning operation of the revolving structure is controlled based on the position of the boarding / alighting device movable between the boarding / alighting position and the storage position. It is possible to prevent the boarding / alighting device from colliding with surrounding materials and the like by rotating the revolving structure while being in the position, and prevent the materials and the boarding / alighting device from being damaged. According to the seventh aspect of the present invention, when the boarding / alighting device is not in the storage position, the fact is notified, so that the worker can recognize that the turning motion of the revolving structure should not be performed, and the boarding / alighting operation can be performed. It is possible to prevent the revolving structure from turning while the device is in the loading / unloading position, and it is possible to prevent damage to materials and the loading / unloading device due to collision of the loading / unloading device.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view showing the overall configuration of a floating crane according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion A in FIG.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion B in FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a hydraulic / electrical circuit diagram showing a circuit configuration of a turning safety device mounted on the floating crane.

FIG. 5 is a hydraulic pressure of a turning safety device according to a second embodiment /
Electric circuit diagram.

FIG. 6 is a hydraulic pressure diagram of a turning safety device according to a third embodiment.
Electric circuit diagram.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 base 2 revolving structure 2A cab 2B step 6 ladder 7 bracket 8 limit switch 9 striker 20 revolving hydraulic motor 21 braking device 22 hydraulic pump 23 solenoid valve 23a solenoid part 25 switch 25a on terminal 25b off terminal 26 power supply 27 relay 27a solenoid Part 27b Switch part 30 Hydraulic pump 31 Hydraulic pilot control valve 32 Operating device 33 Hydraulic pump 34 Solenoid valve 34a Solenoid part 41 Indicator light 42 Relay

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification code Internal reference number FI Technical display area E02F 9/24 E02F 9/24 B

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A revolving structure that is rotatably supported at a predetermined height position, a boarding / alighting position that is attached to the revolving structure and projects below a lower end surface of the revolving structure, and retracts to the revolving structure side. A construction machine configured to have a stowage position and a boarding / alighting device, wherein a worker is configured to get on and off the revolving structure by the boarding / alighting device at the boarding / alighting position, and a detection unit that detects a position of the boarding / alighting device, A construction machine having a turning safety device, comprising: drive control means for controlling a turning operation of the turning body based on a detection output of the detection means. 2. The drive control means prohibits the turning motion of the revolving structure when the detection means detects that the boarding / alighting device is at a position other than the storage position. A construction machine having the turning safety device according to Item 1. 3. The first detection body provided on either one of the boarding / alighting device and the revolving structure,
It is configured by a second detection body provided on the other side, and detects whether or not the boarding / alighting device is in the storage position based on a positional relationship between the first and second detection bodies. A construction machine comprising the turning safety device according to claim 1. 4. The detection means outputs a detection signal indicating that the boarding / alighting device is in the storage position when the boarding / alighting device is located on the same plane as or above the lower surface of the revolving structure. A construction machine having the turning safety device according to claim 2. 5. The drive control means is driven in response to a predetermined operation to rotate the revolving structure, a brake device that applies a brake to the hydraulic motor, and the detection means causes the boarding / alighting device to The prohibition device for prohibiting the release of the brake by the brake device to prohibit the turning motion of the revolving structure when it is detected that the position is other than the storage position. Construction machinery with a turning safety device. 6. The drive control means detects a hydraulic motor driven by oil discharged from a hydraulic source to rotate the revolving structure, and the detecting means detects that the boarding / alighting device is in a position other than the storage position. The turning safety device according to claim 1, further comprising: a prohibiting device that shuts off pressure oil guided from the hydraulic pressure source to the hydraulic motor to prohibit the turning motion of the turning body. Construction machinery having. 7. A revolving structure that is rotatably supported at a predetermined height position, a boarding / alighting position that is attached to the revolving structure and projects below a lower end surface of the revolving structure, and retracts to the revolving structure side. A construction machine configured to have a stowage position and a boarding / alighting device, wherein a worker is configured to get on and off the revolving structure by the boarding / alighting device at the boarding / alighting position, and a detection unit that detects a position of the boarding / alighting device, A construction machine having a turning safety device, further comprising: an informing unit for informing that the boarding / alighting device is located at a position other than the storage position by a detecting unit.