JPH09140220A - Promotion of germination of gel-coated seed - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To efficiently promote the germination of get-coated seeds, improve the uniformity of the germination and facilitate the cultivation control by carrying out the ultrasonic treatment thereof. SOLUTION: For example, seeds of a turnip are introduced into droplets of a 3wt.% aqueous solution of sodium alginate by using a capillary and the resultant droplets are then dropped into a 10wt.% aqueous solution of calcium chloride and subsequently brought into contact therewith for 40sec to prepare spherical gel-coated seeds insolubilized in water. The resultant gel-coated seeds are immersed in aqueous hydrogen peroxide or water to carry out ultrasonic treatment.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a method for promoting germination of seeds.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A technique for encapsulating plant seeds in microcapsules, that is, a gel coating technique for seeds, improves the germination rate due to the water content in the gel coating, and makes it possible to use a microscopic amount that is not suitable for conventional mechanical sowing. Since seeds or non-spherical seeds can be mechanically sown, or various chemicals and fertilizers are added to the coating gel layer to significantly improve the yield of crops, they have been used in recent years.

Among these, coating with an aqueous gel which is cured by metal ions is easy to produce, inexpensive and
In addition, it has come to be used particularly widely because it has little adverse effect on seed germination. After production of these gel-coated seeds, hydrogen peroxide treatment (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 4-271707) in which the inside of the coated gel layer is enriched with oxygen by being immersed in hydrogen peroxide solution for improving germination and seedling establishment, or seeds In order to facilitate the absorption of water, or to reduce the concentration of unreacted hydrogen peroxide taken into the coating gel layer by the above hydrogen peroxide treatment, the residue prevents damage to plants. Therefore, it is immersed in water and subjected to water absorption treatment and the like.

In these treatments, the immersion time in hydrogen peroxide solution or water is several minutes to several hours, but it takes 30 minutes or more for the immersion treatment to obtain a sufficient effect. Therefore, when a large amount of gel-coated seeds are subjected to these treatments, the number that can be treated per unit time is limited.

Further, the gel-coated seeds have different hardnesses of the gel-coated layers due to slight differences in the manufacturing process. That is, even in the case of gel-coated seeds of the same lot using the same gel-forming agent and curing agent, the hardness of the coated gel layer differs due to subtle differences in the conditions, and control thereof is not easy. Here, the water absorption (liquid absorption) rate of the gel-coated seeds with a hard gel layer is significantly slowed by the immersion treatment, and depending on the gel state (hardness, size, etc.) during production, the water absorption (liquid absorption) may be extremely high. Often occurs. As a result, the effect of oxygen enrichment treatment is not sufficient, the effect of water absorption (liquid absorption) treatment is small, and therefore growth is delayed by the influence of residual hydrogen peroxide, and only problems such as variation in germination occur. However, the emergence rate may be reduced.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a method for accelerating germination of gel-coated seeds, which can solve the above-mentioned problems, that is, can be carried out rapidly.

[0007]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the germination promoting method according to the present invention has a constitution for performing ultrasonic treatment as described in claim 1. Here, the ultrasonic treatment means immersing the gel-coated seed in a liquid and applying ultrasonic vibration to the liquid.

[0008]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION In the present invention, ultrasonic treatment is performed in a liquid. Here, as the liquid, a liquid used in a normal germination promoting method, that is, hydrogen peroxide water, water, or the like is used. As the ultrasonic wave, a vibration having a frequency of 20000 Hz or more and obtained by a commercially available ultrasonic wave generator is used. It is known that various disorders occur when an ultrasonic wave is excessively applied to a living body.
In addition, when immersion treatment is performed while applying ultrasonic waves in this way, the amount of water absorbed (absorption amount) is greater than that of conventional immersion treatment alone.
Is so large that excessive sonication causes the coated gel layer to crack and break. Therefore, in the present invention, it is necessary to check the degree (processing time, strength, frequency, etc.) at which these obstacles do not occur in advance.

The gel-coated seed is formed by a known method. For example, a droplet of an aqueous gel-forming aqueous solution for seed coating is formed at the tip of a thin tube, seeds are added to the droplet using a thin tube, and then the gel droplet has the action of making the gel insoluble in water. It can be prepared by dropping it into a solution containing the metal ion.

[0010]

【Example】

Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 Turnip seeds were used to
It was introduced into a 10% by weight aqueous solution of sodium alginate, dropped into a 10% by weight aqueous solution of calcium chloride, and then contacted with the aqueous solution of calcium chloride for 40 seconds to insolubilize the spherical gel-coated seeds (diameter: 500 pieces (10 mm) were prepared (hereinafter referred to as "gel-coated seed A").

300 ml of 100 gel-coated seeds A
Place in a beaker, then add 0.5% hydrogen peroxide water 200
After adding ml, ultrasonic treatment was performed using a commercially available ultrasonic cleaner (oscillation frequency: 45 kHz, ultrasonic output 80 W) (sonication section: Example 1). In addition, 100 gel-coated seeds A were subjected to an immersion treatment of simply immersing them in the same hydrogen peroxide solution without performing ultrasonic treatment (control group:
Comparative example 1).

[0012] About these, the weight change per 10 grains was examined 30 minutes after the start of the treatment and 1 hour after the treatment. The result is shown in FIG. From Fig. 1, the ultrasonic treatment significantly increases the liquid absorption of the gel-coated seeds, and the water absorption required for about 1 hour to reach the immersion treatment is also achieved in about 20 minutes with this ultrasonic treatment. It is understood that the processing efficiency can be improved. The coating gel layer of the gel-coated seed that had been subjected to ultrasonic treatment for 60 minutes was observed, but no damage such as scratches or breakage occurred.

[Examples 2 and 3 and Comparative Examples 2 and 3] The gel-coated seed B (normal group) was used in the same manner as the gel-coated seed A, and the contact time with the calcium chloride solution was doubled. In the same manner as the gel-coated seed B, 300 gel-coated seeds C (2-fold group) were obtained. This gel-coated seed C had a harder coating gel layer than the gel-coated seed B.

1 of each of these gel-coated seeds B and C
Place 00 tablets in a 300 ml beaker, then 0.5
After adding 200 ml of% hydrogen peroxide solution, ultrasonic treatment was performed in the same manner as in Example 1. On the other hand, 100 seeds of each of gel-coated seeds B and C were placed in a 300 ml beaker, 200 ml of 0.5% hydrogen peroxide solution was added thereto, and immersion treatment was performed in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1.

After the treatment was started for these gel-coated seeds, 3
The weight after 0 minutes and 1 hour was examined. The results are shown in FIG. As in Example 1, the effect of ultrasonic treatment is clear from FIG.

[Example 4] Similar to Example 1 above, except that ultrasonic vibration was applied in the water absorption treatment of the gel coating treatment using water instead of hydrogen peroxide water. The same effect (improvement of water absorption efficiency) was obtained.

[Example 5 and Comparative Example 4] Using spinach seeds, 50 gel-coated seeds D were prepared in the same manner as in Example 1.
0 pieces were produced. 500m of this gel coated seed D200
Place it in a beaker and add 0.5% hydrogen peroxide solution to it.
0 ml was added, and immediately sonication was performed for 10 minutes as in Example 1 (gel-coated seed E: Example 5).

Further, 200 of the remaining gel-coated seed D is used.
The granules were treated in the same manner as in Example 5 except that the ultrasonic treatment was not performed, and the particles were immersed in a hydrogen peroxide solution for 10 minutes (gel-coated seed F: Comparative Example 4). For these gel coated seeds,
The weight before and after the treatment is shown in Table 1.

[0019]

【Table 1】 ━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━ Test area Weight before treatment Weight after treatment ───────────── ────────────── Gel coated seed E 0.54g 0.64g Gel coated seed F 0.54g 0.72g ━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━ ━━━━━━━━━━

Then, a germination test was conducted on these gel-coated seeds E and F under the conditions shown in Table 2. The result is shown in FIG.

[0021]

[Table 2] ━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━ Seeding bed 12 cm diameter petri dish laid with 2 filter papers 50 seeds 4 repeated environmental conditions 20 ℃, dark conditions ━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

As shown in FIG. 3, the gel-coated seed E, which is an embodiment of the present invention immersed in hydrogen peroxide solution and subjected to ultrasonic treatment, has excellent germination uniformity, and the germination-promoting effect of the present invention. It is clear that

[0023]

By subjecting the gel-coated seeds to ultrasonic treatment, the water absorption (liquid absorption) rate in the germination promoting treatment is increased, and the number of treatable particles per hour is improved. Further, when the treatments are carried out at the same time, germination is greatly promoted by the ultrasonic treatment, and the germination uniformity is improved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a relationship between a treatment time and a weight change in gel-coated seeds of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the relationship between the treatment time and the weight change in the gel-coated seeds of Examples 2 and 3 and Comparative Examples 2 and 3.

FIG. 3 is a graph showing the germination rate of gel-coated seeds of Example 5 and Comparative Example 4.

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A method for promoting germination of gel-coated seeds, which comprises performing ultrasonic treatment. 2. A gel-coated seed is immersed in hydrogen peroxide solution,
A method for accelerating germination of gel-coated seeds, which comprises applying ultrasonic vibrations to the seeds. 3. A method for accelerating germination of gel-coated seeds, which comprises immersing the gel-coated seeds in water and applying ultrasonic vibration to the seeds.