JPH09119721A - Air conditioner - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To control the composition itself of a mixed refrigerant to be suitable in the respective operating states. SOLUTION: Bypass circuits 16 to 18 containing adsorbers 21 to 23 for adsorbing a large quantity of one or more pure substances for constituting a mixed refrigerant are provided in a refrigerating cycle using the mixed refrigerant. Then, to control the composition ratio of the mixed refrigerant, two-way valves 7 to 9 for operating the introduction of the mixed refrigerant to the circuits 16 to 18 are installed at the higher-pressure side than the adsorber in the circuits 16 to 18. To estimate the composition ratio of the mixed refrigerant, an electrostatic capacity sensor, a temperature sensor or a pressure sensor is installed in the refrigerating cycle. The composition ratio of the mixed refrigerant can be controlled, and the operating efficiency of an air conditioner using the mixed refrigerant and the reliability of the components in the cycle are improved.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to an air conditioner using a mixed refrigerant of a plurality of types.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In an air conditioner using a conventional mixed refrigerant, the composition of the refrigerant in the refrigeration cycle is detected and the control method and the control target value of the air conditioner are changed as disclosed in JP-A-6-101912. In some cases, as disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-117737, a highly accurate method for detecting a mixed refrigerant composition of a refrigerating cycle is provided.

[0003]

As described above, according to the conventional technique, the composition ratio is detected with high accuracy with respect to the variation of the refrigerant composition in the refrigeration cycle, or the air conditioner is based on the detected composition ratio. It was supposed to adjust the operation control system of. However, this method does not control the composition itself of the mixed refrigerant to an appropriate one, and the performance of the air conditioner cannot be completely maintained only by adjusting the operation control method corresponding to the composition change of the mixed refrigerant. There was a risk.

The object of the present invention is to control the composition of the mixed refrigerant to an appropriate one in each operating state against the variation of the refrigerant composition in the refrigerating cycle of the mixed refrigerant, and to optimize the operation control system in each operating state. To provide.

[0005]

In order to achieve the above object, in the present invention, an adsorbent which adsorbs only one pure substance constituting the mixed refrigerant or a larger amount than other substances is provided in the bypass circuit of the refrigeration cycle. Arrangement is performed, and the mixed refrigerant is passed through a bypass circuit as necessary, and each pure substance is adsorbed by the adsorbent to control the composition ratio of the mixed refrigerant in the refrigeration cycle. In this case, the mixed refrigerant is passed through only one pure substance whose composition ratio is to be reduced or a bypass circuit containing an adsorbent which adsorbs a larger amount of the pure substance than other substances.

In the present invention, an adsorbent which adsorbs only one pure substance constituting the mixed refrigerant or a larger amount than other substances is arranged in the bypass circuit of the refrigeration cycle. In this bypass circuit, two two-way valves are installed in front of and behind the tank containing the adsorbent, or two two-way valves and one check valve are installed. In this bypass circuit configuration, the mixed refrigerant does not flow into the tank containing the adsorbent when the two-way valve is closed, and the mixed refrigerant passes through the tank when the two-way valve is opened. At this time, the adsorbent in the tank adsorbs one pure substance in the mixed refrigerant alone or in a larger amount than other substances, so that the composition ratio of the mixed refrigerant after passing through the tank is different from that before entering the tank. It changes and comes out. By this operation, the composition ratio of the mixed refrigerant can be controlled. In this case, there are roughly two methods for controlling the composition ratio. One is to detect or estimate the composition ratio of the mixed refrigerant in a part of the refrigeration cycle, and if it is different from the appropriate composition ratio or the estimated composition ratio in each operating condition, it is detected in the mixed refrigerant. Alternatively, it is a method of adsorbing a pure substance having an estimated composition ratio higher than an appropriate composition ratio to reduce the composition ratio. The other is to empirically set the optimum adsorption operation pattern for each operating condition, and to determine the operating mode, each temperature and pressure in the refrigeration cycle,
It is a system that controls to perform the optimum adsorption operation according to the room temperature, the outside air temperature, and the compressor rotation speed. In addition, when desorbing the pure substance once adsorbed, the following operation method is adopted. First, as a refrigeration cycle configuration, a two-way valve or an electric expansion valve is arranged on the high pressure side of all bypass circuits containing adsorbents. Therefore, when the two-way valve or the electric expansion valve located on the high pressure side of the bypass circuit is closed while the compressor is being driven, the inside of the tank containing the adsorbent suddenly becomes a low pressure close to vacuum. , The pure substances that have been adsorbed are desorbed. This operation has the same effect even when the opening degree of the electric expansion valve is reduced. By this desorption action, it becomes possible to control the composition ratio of the mixed refrigerant when the operating condition of the air conditioner changes and the composition ratio of the pure substance once adsorbed is increased, and the pure substance adsorbed immediately before the operation is finished. It is also possible to return to the mixed refrigerant and prepare so that each pure substance is sufficiently adsorbed at the next start of operation.

[0007]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

(Embodiment 1) Hereinafter, one embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
This will be described below. This example is intended to prove claim 1 and claim 7, but the basic configuration for controlling the composition ratio of the mixed refrigerant circulating by utilizing the adsorbent is in all claims. It is related. FIG. 1 is a refrigeration cycle diagram of the present invention. In this embodiment, R32, R12
A refrigeration cycle using three types of CFC-based mixed refrigerants of 5 and R134a will be described. In FIG. 1, a bypass circuit 16, a bypass circuit 17, and a bypass circuit 18 are installed in parallel between the compressor 1 and the suction tank 6. Bypass circuit
16 is a two-way valve from the high pressure side, an adsorbent 21 that adsorbs only R32.
A tank 10 and a check valve 13 each having a built-in valve are installed, and a tank 11 and a check valve 13 each having a built-in adsorbent 22 that adsorbs only the two-way valve 8 and R125 in the bypass circuit 17 from the high pressure side.
14 is installed, and in the bypass circuit 18, a two-way valve 9 from the high pressure side, a tank 12 containing an adsorbent 23 that adsorbs only R134a, and a check valve 15 are installed. FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the tank 10. A mesh 24 is attached to the inlet and outlet of the tank 10 so that the adsorbent 21 does not flow out. In FIG. 1, when the two-way valve 7, the two-way valve 8 and the two-way valve 9 are closed, the mixed refrigerant does not pass through each bypass circuit and circulates at a composition ratio specific to each operating state. The composition ratio of the mixed refrigerant circulated at this time is not necessarily appropriate in each operating state. Therefore, if the composition ratio of the circulating mixed refrigerant is different from the appropriate one in each operating state, the following operation method is performed. First, open the two-way valve of the bypass circuit that contains the adsorbent that independently adsorbs the CFC gas whose composition ratio is higher than the appropriate value in the circulating mixed refrigerant. For example, when the composition ratio of R134a in the circulating mixed refrigerant is high, the two-way valve 9 is opened because the operating efficiency is deteriorated even during the cooling operation or the heating operation. When the two-way valve 9 is opened, the mixed refrigerant passes through the tank 12 and only R134a is adsorbed by the adsorbent 23, so that the mixed refrigerant coming out of the tank 12 has a small composition ratio of R134a. When the two-way valve 9 is opened, the mixed refrigerant coming out of the tank 12 and the mixed refrigerant coming through the main circuit 20 join together and are sucked into the compressor 1. At this time, the mixed refrigerant sucked into the compressor 1 has a smaller composition ratio of R134a than the mixed refrigerant sucked into the compressor 1 when the two-way valve 9 is closed, and the operating efficiency is improved. Similarly, when it is desired to reduce the composition ratio of R32, the two-way valve 7 is opened, and when the composition ratio of R125 is desired to be reduced, the two-way valve 8 is opened. In the present invention, instead of accumulating and adsorbing the refrigerant in the container, adsorbing the refrigerant while passing through the bypass circuit eliminates the fluctuation of the cold circulation ring amount during the adsorption, and the speed of the composition ratio control of the mixed refrigerant. To speed up. Moreover, in FIG. 1, each bypass circuit is connected to a four-way valve 5.
It is installed between the suction part of the compressor 1 and the suction part of the compressor 1 in order to reduce the composition ratio fluctuation during the composition ratio control. This also increases the composition ratio control speed of the circulating mixed refrigerant. By the way, after controlling the composition ratio of the mixed refrigerant that circulates once, the operating state changes, and when it is desired to increase the composition ratio of the single CFC once the composition ratio has decreased in the mixed refrigerant that circulates again, the compressor While driving 1, the opening degree of the electric expansion valve 2 is reduced or the electric expansion valve 2 is fully closed. This is because when the electric expansion valve 2 is made to have a small opening or is fully closed while the compressor 1 is being driven, the mixed refrigerant on the low pressure side of the electric expansion valve 2 becomes a low pressure close to a vacuum and the refrigerant in each tank. Since the pressure becomes low, the adsorbent in each tank desorbs each single CFC gas once adsorbed. Due to this action, the composition ratio of the single CFC whose composition ratio has once been reduced becomes high again. Also, this operating method is
It can also be used when preparing for adsorbent to sufficiently adsorb each single CFC gas at the next operation start. Immediately before the end of the operation, the electric expansion valve is closed to desorb all the single CFC gas adsorbed by the adsorbents, thereby preparing for the next operation. The above is the operation method for controlling the composition ratio of the circulating mixed refrigerant. still,
In the present invention, the adsorbent 21, the adsorbent 22 and the adsorbent 23 are used as the adsorbents that adsorb only R32, R125 and R134a, respectively. However, the adsorbent that adsorbs each single Freon gas in a larger amount than other Freon gas Even when used as an agent, it is possible to obtain the same effect as that of the present invention. Further, even if these adsorbents adsorb other substances that are not components of the mixed refrigerant, the effect of the present invention is not affected.

(Embodiment 2) Also in this embodiment, an explanation for proving Claims 1 and 7 will be given with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4. FIG. 3 is a refrigeration cycle diagram of this embodiment. Also in this embodiment, a refrigeration cycle using a mixed refrigerant of three fluorocarbons of R32, R125 and R134a will be described. 3 and 1
3 are different in that there are two bypass circuits, that the bypass circuits are installed in series, and that the pressure reducing mechanism is provided with a capillary instead of the electric expansion valve 2. As shown in FIG. 3, even if the bypass circuits are installed in series, the same operation as when they are installed in parallel is obtained. The reason is that the mixed refrigerant can be made to flow independently to each adsorbent by the operation of each two-way valve. Further, with respect to the number of bypass circuits, the effect of the present invention can be obtained if one or more bypass circuits are provided in accordance with the capacity and usage pattern of each air conditioner. Next, regarding the desorption action, since the capillary is provided as the decompression mechanism in FIG. 3, the two-way valve 25 is utilized when returning the once adsorbed single CFC gas into the mixed refrigerant. That is, when the two-way valve 25 is closed while driving the compressor 1, the pressure between the compressor 1 and the two-way valve 25 becomes close to vacuum, so that the single CFC gas adsorbed by the adsorbent is desorbed and the mixed refrigerant is mixed. Return to. Here, in the case of an air conditioner that also serves as a cooling and heating type, the two-way valve 25 is a reversible type that can be fully closed with respect to either refrigerant flow. Also, instead of returning all the single CFC gases to the mixed refrigerant simultaneously in a refrigeration cycle in which a plurality of types of adsorbents are installed and two or more bypass circuits are installed, each single CFC gas is individually returned to the mixed refrigerant. In an air conditioner that requires various controls, as shown in Fig. 4, a two-way valve 26 rather than a check valve is provided on the low pressure side of each tank in each bypass circuit.
Is installed so that only the two-way valve 26 on the low pressure side of the bypass circuit including the adsorbent that adsorbs the single CFC gas to be returned to the mixed refrigerant is opened during the desorption operation. The above is the operation system of the present embodiment in which the adsorbent is utilized to control the composition ratio of the circulating mixed refrigerant.

(Embodiment 3) In this embodiment, the proof of claim 2 will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 5 shows a refrigeration cycle of this embodiment. In this embodiment, a refrigeration cycle using two fluorocarbon refrigerants R32 and R134a will be described. Further, in this embodiment, an electrostatic capacity sensor is used as the composition ratio sensor. In FIG. 5, the bypass circuit 16 and the bypass circuit 18 are installed in parallel, and the capacitance sensor 30 is installed on the suction side of the compressor 1. The capacitance detected by the capacitance sensor 30 is proportional to the composition ratio of the mixed refrigerant as shown in FIG. Therefore, the composition ratio of the mixed refrigerant can be estimated by the detected capacitance. Therefore, the optimum composition ratio of the mixed refrigerant in the suction part of the compressor 1 in each operating state is empirically determined (specifically, in the test before the product is put out), and the composition ratio of the mixed refrigerant in the actual operation is calculated. If the estimated value of is different from the optimum composition ratio,
The mixed refrigerant is passed through either of the bypass circuits until the estimated value of the mixed refrigerant composition ratio matches the optimum composition ratio, and either of the fluorocarbons in the mixed refrigerant is continuously adsorbed. By this operation, it becomes possible to control the composition ratio of the circulating mixed refrigerant to the optimum one in each operating state. This control method will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 7 is a block circuit diagram of this embodiment. In FIG. 7, a memory 41 and a CPU 4 are provided in the microcomputer 40.
2. The input circuit 43 and the output circuit 44 are built in, and the signal and data sent from the capacitance sensor 30 and the remote controller 46 are processed in the microcomputer 40, and the compressor 1, the electric expansion valve 2, and the two-way The valve 7 and the two-way valve 9 are driven. The microcomputer 40 is installed in the electric component 36 shown in FIG. 5, and each broken line in FIG. 5 shows an electrical connection. Figure 8 shows the capacitance sensor
40 internal structures. As shown in FIG. 8, the capacitance sensor 30 is hermetically installed so as to be sandwiched by the suction side pipe 35 of the compressor, and the refrigerant also flows inside the capacitance sensor 30. Inside the capacitance sensor 30, a cylindrical outer electrode 51 is installed outside, and a cylindrical inner electrode 52 is installed in the center,
The internal electrode 52 is fixed to the center by an insulator 53.
If the composition ratio of the mixed refrigerant changes as shown in FIG.
The electrostatic capacitance generated between the internal electrode 52 and the internal electrode 52 changes in proportion to the composition ratio of the mixed refrigerant, and the external electrode signal line 54 and the internal electrode signal line 55 are connected to detect this electrostatic capacitance.
From the pulse waveform detection circuit 48 shown in FIG.
Since the pulse waveform obtained by passing a current through the capacitor changes depending on the electrostatic capacity, if the relationship between the empirically obtained pulse waveform, the electrostatic capacity, and the mixed refrigerant composition ratio is stored in the memory 41, it can be obtained during each actual operation. It is possible to detect the pulse waveform of and to estimate the capacitance and the mixed refrigerant composition ratio of the value. Here, the pulse waveform sent from the pulse waveform detection circuit 48 to the microcomputer 40 is A / D converted by the input circuit 43, transmitted to the CPU 42, and then stored in the memory 41 (converted into a digital value). , The mixed refrigerant composition ratio in each actual operation is estimated by the CPU 42 from the relationship between the capacitance and the mixed refrigerant composition ratio. The control method of this embodiment will be described below with reference to the flowchart of FIG. Since FIG. 9 shows the control method only for the part that controls the composition ratio of the mixed refrigerant in the operation of the air conditioner, the operations of the indoor blower motor 37 and the outdoor blower motor 38 shown in FIG. 7 are omitted. ing. First, the composition ratio of the mixed refrigerant after the start of operation is estimated, and this is obtained by the method of estimating the composition ratio of the mixed refrigerant according to the relationship of FIG. Further, the memory 41 stores the optimum mixed refrigerant composition ratio in each operating state obtained empirically, and the CPU 42 compares the optimum mixed refrigerant composition ratio with the estimated composition ratio in actual operation. As a result, the two-way valve 7 is opened when the composition ratio of R32 is higher than the optimum one, and the two-way valve 9 is opened when the composition ratio of R134a is higher than the optimum one. At this time, the operation instruction of the two-way valve determined by the CPU 42 in FIG. 7 is output to the two-way valve 7 and the two-way valve 9 via the output circuit 44.
Sent to the coil of each so that each two-way valve can be opened. This operation is performed until the end of the operation, but if the two CFC gases are adsorbed too much, the amount of circulating refrigerant becomes insufficient, and there is a risk of causing a decrease in operating efficiency and an increase in the temperature of the compressor 1. Therefore, the adsorption time of each CFC gas is limited in order to keep the circulating refrigerant amount at a certain value or more. Hereinafter, the adsorption time to be limited will be referred to as an allowable adsorption time. This allowable adsorption time is empirically obtained and stored in the memory 41. Then, when each two-way valve is opened to adsorb each CFC gas, the adsorption time is integrated by the CPU 42. This is continuously performed, and when the integrated value of the adsorption time reaches the allowable adsorption time, the electric expansion valve 2 from the CPU 42 via the output circuit 44.
Signal, the electric expansion valve 2 is fully closed, and each CFC gas is desorbed. Immediately before the end of the operation, the electric expansion valve 2 is fully closed and the CFCs are desorbed for the next operation. This operation method is the same as that of the first embodiment. The above is the control method of estimating the composition ratio of the mixed refrigerant and controlling the composition ratio of the circulating mixed refrigerant in the present embodiment.

(Embodiment 4) In this embodiment, a case in which only one bypass circuit containing an adsorbent is installed in a refrigeration cycle according to the contents of claim 2 will be described with reference to FIGS. 10 to 12. Also in this embodiment, a capacitance sensor is used as the composition ratio sensor. FIG. 10 is a refrigeration cycle diagram of the present embodiment. In this embodiment, a refrigeration cycle using two fluorocarbon refrigerants R32 and R134a will be described. In FIG. 10, only the bypass circuit 18 is arranged. A capacitance sensor 30 is arranged on the suction side of the compressor 1. FIG. 11 is a block circuit diagram of this embodiment. Since only one bypass circuit is used, the two-way valve 7 is different from that of FIG. 7 of the third embodiment.
Are omitted, and other configurations are exactly the same as in FIG. 7. Further, the microcomputer 40 is installed in the electric component 36 shown in FIG. 10, and each broken line in FIG. 10 shows an electrical connection. The control method for controlling the composition ratio of the circulating mixed refrigerant in the present embodiment is the flowchart of FIG. 12, and the control method will be described below with reference to FIG. 12, using the capacitance sensor 30. The principle and operation method for estimating the composition ratio of the circulating mixed refrigerant are exactly the same as those of the third embodiment, and therefore detailed description thereof is omitted here.
Next, similarly to the third embodiment, the memory 41 stores the empirically obtained composition ratio of the optimum mixed refrigerant in each operation state, and the optimum composition ratio of the mixed refrigerant is estimated and the actual operation is performed. The CPU 42 compares the composition ratios of the above. As a result, when the composition ratio of R134a is higher than the optimum one, the two-way valve 9 is opened to open R13.
When 4a is adsorbed and the composition ratio of R134a is lower than the optimum one, the electrically operated expansion valve 2 is closed to desorb the adsorbed R134a to control the composition ratio of the circulating mixed refrigerant.
This control method does not run short of the refrigerant, and is particularly effective for an air conditioner in which one of the pure substances unilaterally runs short when a two-component mixed refrigerant is used. Immediately before the end of the operation, the electric expansion valve 2 is closed to remove the adsorbed R134a to prepare for the next operation. The above is the control method for controlling the composition ratio of the circulating mixed refrigerant when only one bypass circuit is installed.

(Embodiment 5) In this embodiment, the proof of claim 3 will be described with reference to FIGS. 13 to 16. FIG. 13 is a refrigeration cycle diagram of the present embodiment, and FIG. 14 is a Mollier diagram showing changes in the state of the refrigerant behaving in the refrigeration cycle of FIG.
In this embodiment, a refrigeration cycle using two fluorocarbon mixed refrigerants R32 and R134a will be described. In FIG. 13, the bypass circuit 16 and the bypass circuit 18 are installed in parallel, and the compressor 1
A pressure sensor 61 and a temperature sensor 62 are installed on the suction side of the, and a temperature sensor 63 is installed on the indoor heat exchanger 3 and a temperature sensor 64 is installed on the outdoor heat exchanger 4. Where electrical appliances
The broken line from 36 indicates the electrical connection. Also,
The evaporation temperature of the portion b in FIG. 14 is detected by the temperature sensor 63 during the cooling operation and detected by the temperature sensor 64 during the heating operation. Further, the saturated steam pressure and the saturated steam temperature of the saturated steam portion of the portion a are detected by the pressure sensor 61 and the temperature sensor 62, respectively. Here, when the composition ratio of R134a in the mixed refrigerant is χ, the saturated vapor pressure P, which is the physical property value of the mixed refrigerant in the saturated vapor part of the part a,
The saturated vapor temperature T and the composition ratio χ have a functional relationship of P = f (T, χ). Hereinafter, this function is called a saturated vapor pressure formula. Therefore, it is the suction refrigerant gas of the compressor 1 shown in FIG.
By detecting the saturated vapor pressure and the saturated vapor temperature of the portion a in the above, the composition ratio of the saturated vapor in the portion a of the mixed refrigerant can be calculated by the saturated vapor pressure formula P = f (T, χ). However, when the refrigerating cycle is in the superheat state as shown by the broken line in FIG. 14, the pressure detected by the pressure sensor 61 or the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 62 is the physical property value of the gas phase region in the C section. Therefore, it is impossible to calculate the composition ratio of the mixed refrigerant. Therefore,
To prevent the refrigeration cycle from becoming superheated,
The electric expansion valve 2 is actuated so that the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 62 and the steam temperature match. In this case, the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 62 and the evaporation temperature do not match at all,
Even if the pressure detected by the pressure sensor 61 and the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 62 are the physical property values in the gas phase region of the C portion shown in FIG. 14, the pressure and the temperature are within a certain range of saturated vapor pressure and saturation, respectively. When the calculated value obtained by substituting the pressure and temperature into the saturated vapor pressure formula is within a certain accuracy with respect to the true composition ratio, the calculated value is close to the vapor temperature. Can be regarded as the composition ratio, and the composition ratio of the mixed refrigerant can be controlled. That is, if the portion C in FIG. 14 is brought close to the portion a within a certain range, the composition ratio of the suction refrigerant gas of the compressor 1 can be calculated. Below temperature sensor
The temperature difference between the temperature detected at 62 and the evaporation temperature is referred to as the superheat temperature difference, and the temperature difference at which the composition ratio of the suction refrigerant gas of the compressor 1 can be approximately calculated as described above is referred to as the allowable temperature difference. This allowable temperature difference is unique to each air conditioner, and therefore it is necessary to empirically obtain the allowable temperature difference in each air conditioner. Then, during actual operation of each air conditioner, control is performed so that the refrigeration cycle operates within the allowable temperature difference. The above is the principle of estimating the composition ratio of the circulating mixed refrigerant, and the control method for controlling the composition ratio of the circulating mixed refrigerant by the estimated value of the composition ratio will be described with reference to the block circuit diagram of FIG. 15 and the flowchart of FIG. 16. To do. In Figure 15, Figure 13
A memory 40, a CPU 42, an input circuit 43 and an output circuit 44 are built in a microcomputer 40 installed in an electric component 36 shown in FIG. 1, and a pressure sensor 61, a temperature sensor 62, a temperature sensor 63, a temperature sensor 64 and a remote controller 46. The signals and data sent from
The compressor 1, the electric expansion valve 2, the two-way valve 7 and the two-way valve 9 are driven. The control method will be described below with reference to the flowchart shown in FIG. 16, but FIG. 16 shows only the control method for controlling the composition ratio of the mixed refrigerant in the air conditioner. Therefore, referring to FIG. 16, first, after the operation is started, each temperature and pressure are detected by each temperature sensor and pressure sensor. Thereby, the superheat temperature difference is calculated, and when the superheat temperature difference is not within the allowable temperature difference, the opening degree of the electric expansion valve 2 is increased until the superheat temperature difference falls within the allowable temperature difference. Then, when the superheat temperature difference falls within the allowable temperature difference, the saturated vapor temperature and the saturated vapor pressure are utilized to calculate the composition ratio of the suction refrigerant gas of the compressor 1 as described above. The following control is exactly the same as the composition ratio control of the mixed refrigerant shown in the third embodiment. The composition ratio of the appropriate mixed refrigerant in each operating state obtained empirically is stored in the memory 41, the composition ratio of the appropriate mixed refrigerant and the estimated composition ratio in actual operation are compared by the CPU 42, and R32 is set. When the composition ratio is higher than the appropriate one, the two-way valve 7 is opened, and when the composition ratio of R134a is higher than the appropriate one, the two-way valve 9 is opened to control the composition ratio of the mixed refrigerant circulating. Also, the adsorption time is limited so that the circulating refrigerant amount is not insufficient, and when the adsorption time accumulated by the CPU 42 exceeds the allowable adsorption time, a signal is sent from the CPU 42 to the electric expansion valve 2 via the output circuit 44. The electric expansion valve 2 is fully closed to desorb each CFC gas. Immediately before the operation is finally terminated, the electric expansion valve 2 is fully closed and the CFCs are desorbed for the next operation. The above is the control method of the present embodiment. In this embodiment, the case where two bypass circuits each containing an adsorbent is installed has been described, but it is also possible to install only one bypass circuit. However,
Even when only one bypass circuit is installed, the control method is the same as that of the present embodiment until the composition ratio of the circulating mixed refrigerant is estimated, and the control method after estimating the composition is exactly the same as that of the fourth embodiment. Therefore, it is omitted here.

(Sixth Embodiment) In this embodiment, the proof of claim 4 will be described with reference to FIGS. 14 and 17 to 19. Claim 4 is a claim relating to a composition ratio control method of a mixed refrigerant in a refrigeration cycle using three kinds of mixed refrigerants, and in this embodiment, a refrigeration cycle using three kinds of CFC-based mixed refrigerants of R32, R125 and R134a is described. Explain. Also,
Also in this embodiment, a capacitance sensor is used as the composition ratio sensor. In Examples 3 and 4, a method of estimating the composition ratio of the circulating two-type mixed refrigerant from the capacitance is shown, and in Example 5, a method of estimating the composition ratio of the circulating two-type mixed refrigerant from the saturated vapor pressure type. Indicated. However, it is impossible to estimate the composition ratio of the three-type mixed refrigerant by these two methods. The reason for this is that there are two variables for the composition ratio, and therefore two variables cannot be determined by the two methods in which only one relational expression relating to the composition ratio can be obtained. Therefore, in this embodiment, a method of estimating the composition ratio of the three-type mixed refrigerant by utilizing both methods will be described. FIG. 17 is a refrigeration cycle diagram of this example. In FIG. 17, the bypass circuit 16, the bypass circuit 17, and the bypass circuit 18 are arranged in parallel, the electrostatic capacity sensor 30, the pressure sensor 61, and the temperature sensor 62 are installed on the suction side of the compressor 1, and the indoor heat exchanger is also installed. Temperature sensor 63
A temperature sensor 64 is installed in the outdoor heat exchanger 4. The broken line extending from the electric component 36 indicates the electrical connection. First, a method of estimating the composition ratio of the three-type mixed refrigerant will be described. In the mixed refrigerant, the composition ratio of R125 is χ ₁ , R134a
The a composition ratio composition ratio of R32 When χ _{2 1-χ} 1 -χ
It becomes ₂ . Here, since the capacitance C detected by the capacitance sensor 30 changes depending on the composition ratio of the three components, it becomes a function of the composition ratios χ ₁ and χ ₂ and is expressed as C = f (χ ₁ , χ ₂ ). Therefore, if the capacitance C is obtained, the composition ratio χ ₁
And the first relationship of the composition ratio χ ₂ is obtained. In the saturated vapor region of part a in the Mollier diagram in Fig. 14, in the case of the three-type mixed refrigerant, the physical properties of the refrigerant are saturated vapor pressure P, saturated vapor temperature T, composition ratio χ ₁ and composition ratio χ ₂ It is represented by the saturated vapor pressure formula P = f (T, χ ₁ , χ ₂ ) which is the relation. Therefore, in order to set the pressure detected by the pressure sensor 61 to the saturated steam pressure and the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 62 to the saturated steam temperature as in the fifth embodiment, the electric expansion valve 62 is operated to change the superheat temperature difference. Within the allowable temperature difference. In this state, the pressure and temperature of the compressor suction gas of the mixed refrigerant can be regarded as the saturated vapor pressure and the saturated vapor temperature. Therefore, the saturated vapor pressure formula P = f (T, χ ₁ , χ ₂ ) By substituting, the second relationship between the composition ratio χ ₁ and the composition ratio χ ₂ is obtained. Therefore, from the first and second relationships, the composition ratio χ ₁
And the composition ratio χ ₂ can be obtained, and the composition ratio of the circulating mixed refrigerant can be obtained. Next, a control method for controlling the composition ratio of the circulating mixed refrigerant by utilizing the estimated value of the composition ratio of the circulating mixed refrigerant obtained by the above method will be described with reference to the block circuit diagram of FIG. 18 and the flowchart of FIG. . Since the control system of this embodiment has both the third embodiment and the fifth embodiment, the block circuit diagram of FIG. 18 is a combination of the block circuit diagram of FIG. 7 and the block circuit diagram of FIG. The flowchart of FIG. 19 is a combination of the flowchart of FIG. 8 and the flowchart of FIG. However, since three bypass circuits are provided in this embodiment, a two-way valve 8 is newly added to FIG.
Includes a portion related to the adsorption of R125 by the operation of the two-way valve 8. Since other control methods are the same as those in the third and fifth embodiments, detailed description thereof will be omitted. However, when following the flowchart of FIG. Detect pressure. Thereby, the superheat temperature difference is calculated, and when the superheat temperature difference is not within the allowable temperature difference, the opening degree of the electric expansion valve 2 is increased until the superheat temperature difference falls within the allowable temperature difference. Therefore, if the superheat temperature difference enters the allowable temperature difference, the saturated vapor temperature and saturated vapor pressure are used to calculate the composition ratio χ ₁ and composition ratio in the compressor suction gas of the mixed refrigerant from the saturated vapor pressure equation as described above. Find the second relation of χ ₂ .
Next, in the same manner as in the third embodiment, the capacitance value is obtained from the pulse waveform generated in the pulse waveform detection circuit 48 by the capacitance sensor 30, and the composition ratio χ ₁ of the mixed refrigerant in the compressor suction gas is calculated as described above. The first relation of the composition ratio χ ₂ is obtained. The composition ratio of the mixed refrigerant that circulates is calculated from the first and second relational expressions. Therefore, the CPU 42 compares the obtained composition ratio estimated value with the appropriate composition ratio stored in the memory 41 in advance in each operating state. The valve is opened to allow the mixed refrigerant to pass through a bypass circuit containing an adsorbent that adsorbs only a single CFC gas having a composition ratio higher than the appropriate one. This operation is repeated until the estimated composition ratio agrees with the appropriate composition ratio. The above is the control method for controlling the composition ratio of the circulating three-type mixed refrigerant, but thereafter, the desorption effect for suppressing the lack of the circulating refrigerant amount and the desorption effect for preparing for the next operation are electrically expanded. The valve 2 is fully closed or the opening degree of the electrically driven expansion valve 2 is reduced, and the operation is ended. Further, in the present embodiment, the case where three bypass circuits are provided has been described, but this is effective even when two or one bypass circuits are provided depending on the air conditioner.
The control method in that case is also the same as that of the present embodiment.

(Embodiment 7) In this embodiment, the proof of claim 5 will be described with reference to FIGS. The contents of claim 5 are as follows. First of all, regarding the air conditioner that uses a mixed refrigerant, regarding the temperature and pressure detected at several points of the refrigeration cycle in each operating state, set the optimum temperature and pressure values or the relationship between those values and values. To do. When the values of temperature and pressure detected during actual operation or the relationship between those values and values are different from the optimum ones, the pure substances in the mixed refrigerant in the mixed refrigerant in order to match or approach the optimum ones. The adsorption operation pattern is empirically obtained and set. If the temperature and pressure values detected during actual operation or the relationship between those values and values differ from the optimum one, the adsorption operation pattern is utilized to control the operation of the air conditioner. This is the content of claim 5. This adsorption pattern is peculiar to each air conditioner, and in the present embodiment, an air conditioner that exhibits the following two characteristics when using a R32 + R125 + R134a three-type CFC-based mixed refrigerant will be described. The first characteristic is that when the discharge gas temperature of the compressor 1 rises, the composition ratio of R134a is reduced and the discharge gas temperature of the compressor 1 is lowered. Another characteristic is that the compressor 1 When the discharge gas pressure of No. 2 becomes high, the composition ratio of R32 is made small and the discharge gas pressure of the compressor 1 is lowered. There are various types of characteristics of such an adsorption pattern depending on each air conditioner, and there are many characteristics other than those described above, but description thereof will be omitted here. First, FIG. 20 shows the refrigeration cycle of this embodiment. In FIG. 20, the bypass circuit 16 and the bypass circuit 18 are installed in series, the pressure sensor 65 is installed on the discharge side of the compressor 1, the room temperature sensor 67 is installed on the indoor unit 31, and the outside air temperature sensor 68 is installed on the outdoor unit 32. Here, the control theory of the two characteristics will be described by utilizing the Mollier diagram of FIG. Figure
At 21, when the temperature of the portion d, which is the discharge gas temperature of the compressor 1, becomes high, there is a risk of damaging the coil or the like of the compressor 1. As a countermeasure against this, the action of lowering the temperature of the d portion is utilized by adjusting the composition ratio of the mixed refrigerant. In other words, since the physical property value of the mixed refrigerant depends on the composition ratio, the target physical property value of the mixed refrigerant (in this case, the temperature of the d portion) may be controlled by changing the composition ratio. In Fig. 21, the temperature of the part d, which is the gas phase region, is R
As the composition ratio of 134a decreases, it tends to decrease, so
Here, R134a is adsorbed on the adsorbent to reduce the composition ratio of R134a and lower the temperature of the d portion. Next, regarding the discharge pressure of the compressor 1, when the discharge pressure of the compressor 1 which is the pressure at the portion d becomes high, the operating efficiency of the air conditioner deteriorates and the reliability of the compressor 1 also becomes a problem. Come out. The following method is used as a countermeasure. Although the appropriate discharge pressure of the compressor 1 varies depending on the outside air temperature (when cooling) or the room temperature (when heating) indicated by the broken line, the composition ratio control of the mixed refrigerant is performed for the purpose of obtaining the appropriate discharge pressure. use. This is due to the following effect. The pressure of the portion d, which is the discharge pressure of the compressor 1, tends to decrease when the composition ratio of R32 is reduced. Therefore, when the discharge pressure of the compressor 1 becomes higher than the appropriate pressure, R32 is adsorbed to the adsorbent to reduce the composition ratio of R32 and lower the pressure of the d portion. The above is the control theory of the two characteristics of this embodiment. Next, regarding these two control theories, the control method of the composition ratio control of the mixed refrigerant is shown in the block circuit diagram of FIG. 22 and FIG.
This will be described with reference to the flowchart of. In the block circuit diagram of FIG. 22, the pressure sensor 65, the temperature sensor 66, the room temperature sensor 6
7. The signals and data from the outside air temperature sensor 68 and the remote controller 46 are sent to the CPU 42 via the input circuit 43, and the CPU 42
The output circuit 44 determines the compressor 1, the electric expansion valve 2,
The two-way valve 7 and the two-way valve 9 are operated.
The flowchart of FIG. 23 shows only the part relating to the composition ratio control of the mixed refrigerant in the operation control of the air conditioner. Figure 23
Following from above, first, the respective temperature and pressure are detected by the respective temperature sensors and pressure sensors. Further, the memory 41 has an upper limit value of the discharge temperature of the compressor 1 that does not cause a problem in the reliability of the compressor 1, an appropriate discharge pressure of the compressor 1 for the outside air temperature during the cooling operation, and an appropriate temperature for the room temperature during the heating operation. The discharge pressure of the compressor 1 is stored. Therefore, the CPU 42 determines whether the discharge temperature of the compressor 1 detected by the temperature sensor 66 does not exceed the upper limit value,
If the discharge temperature exceeds the upper limit, open the 2-way valve 9
Adsorb 134a and lower the discharge temperature of the compressor 1. This action is continued until the discharge temperature falls below the upper limit, but R134a
If too much is adsorbed, there is a risk that the amount of circulating refrigerant will be insufficient and the discharge temperature of the compressor 1 will become high. Therefore, when the adsorption time of R134a is limited and the amount of circulating refrigerant becomes insufficient, R134a is not adsorbed even if the discharge temperature of the compressor 1 exceeds the upper limit value. Although the treatment in this case is omitted in FIG. 23, the reliability of the compressor 1 is prioritized by lowering the rotation speed of the compressor 1 as in the conventional air conditioner to lower the air conditioning capacity. Adopt a control method. Where R13 should be restricted
The adsorption time of 4a is empirically determined. Next, the compressor 1
Regarding the discharge pressure of, the CPU 42 determines whether or not the pressure detected by the pressure sensor 65 is higher than the appropriate discharge pressure of the compressor 1, and if the discharge pressure exceeds the appropriate value, The one-way valve 7 is opened to adsorb R 32, and the discharge pressure of the compressor 1 is lowered. This action also continues until the discharge pressure falls within an appropriate range, but if R32 is adsorbed too much, the amount of circulating refrigerant becomes insufficient and the discharge temperature of the compressor 1 becomes high as described above. Therefore R
The adsorption time of 32 is also limited, and when the amount of circulating refrigerant becomes insufficient, R32 is not adsorbed even if the discharge pressure of the compressor 1 exceeds an appropriate value. Although the treatment in this case is omitted in FIG. 23 as well, similarly to the conventional air conditioner, the rotation speed of the compressor 1 is reduced to reduce the air conditioning capacity, and the reliability of the compressor 1 is prioritized. Adopt such a control method. The above is the control method of adjusting the discharge temperature and the discharge pressure of the compressor 1 by utilizing the composition ratio control of the circulating mixed refrigerant.

(Embodiment 8) In this embodiment, the proof of claim 6 will be described with reference to FIGS. According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in an air conditioner that uses a mixed refrigerant, it is possible to adsorb each pure substance to an adsorbent installed in a refrigeration cycle to change the composition ratio of the mixed refrigerant, and to change the composition ratio in each operating state. The operation direction is controlled by setting an appropriate direction. Specifically, four of the operating mode, the outside air temperature, the compressor rotation speed, and the temperature difference between the set temperature of the room temperature and the detected temperature are set as target items, and any one or more of the four items are changed. The operation control is to set the adsorption pattern and change the composition ratio of the mixed refrigerant. Here, the control system of the air conditioner that incorporates the operation pattern of the adsorption operation corresponding to the changes of all the four items will be described. However, there are various appropriate directions of composition ratio fluctuations in each operating condition depending on each air conditioner, and there is a difference in which of the above four items is targeted and the adsorption corresponding to one item. The pattern itself also makes a big difference depending on the air conditioner. This embodiment shows an example of these various adsorption patterns. The refrigeration cycle diagram of this example is shown in FIG. In this embodiment, R32 +
The case of using a mixed refrigerant of three types of CFCs of R125 + R134a will be described. In FIG. 24, the bypass circuit 16, the bypass circuit 17, and the bypass circuit 18 are installed in parallel. Further, an indoor temperature sensor 67 is installed in the indoor unit 31, and an outdoor air temperature sensor 68 is installed in the outdoor unit 32. 25 to 27, FIG. 25 is a block circuit diagram of the present embodiment, FIG. 26 is an operation pattern diagram of adsorption operation during cooling operation, and FIG. 27 is an operation pattern diagram of adsorption operation during heating operation. . In the present embodiment, the operation mode is divided into the cooling operation and the heating operation, and the respective adsorption patterns are set.
This is shown in FIGS. 26 and 27. The dry operation is set to be exactly the same as the cooling operation. First, the operation pattern of the adsorption operation during the cooling operation shown in FIG. 26 will be described with reference to the block circuit diagram of FIG.
In FIG. 26, the left end is at the time of starting the operation and moves to the right as the operating time changes. In addition, the magnitude of the temperature difference between the outside air temperature, the compressor speed and the set temperature of room temperature and the detected temperature is shown by the height of the broken line, and the black part on the lower side shows the adsorption for changes in the operating time of each single CFC gas. The operation is shown, and the blank portion shows the desorption operation. Therefore, when FIG. 26 is followed from the start of operation, the temperature difference between the set temperature of room temperature and the detected temperature is large at the start of operation, and R134a is adsorbed to improve the air conditioning capacity, and the composition ratio of R134a of the mixed refrigerant is changed. Try to lower it. However, when the number of revolutions of the compressor exceeds a certain value, if the composition ratio of R134a is too small, the discharge temperature of the compressor 1 becomes high and the reliability of the compressor 1 becomes problematic. Pause. After that, when the detected temperature at room temperature becomes higher than the set temperature, the operation pattern is to adsorb R134a. Next, when the operation continues, the outside air temperature may change, but when the outside air temperature rises above a certain value, this time R32 is used to suppress an increase in the discharge pressure of the compressor 1. Adsorb. In this way, when the detected temperature at room temperature becomes higher than the set temperature, R134a is adsorbed within a range in which the compressor rotation speed does not rise above a certain value, and when the outside air temperature rises, R32 is adsorbed. To set. However, if R32 and R134a are adsorbed to some extent, R12
The composition ratio of 5 becomes relatively high, and there is a risk that operating efficiency will deteriorate. Therefore, when R32 and R134a are adsorbed to some extent, R125 is adsorbed accordingly. Also, 3
When one single CFC gas is adsorbed to some extent, the circulating refrigerant amount becomes insufficient, so when three CFC gases are adsorbed by a certain amount, the CFC gas adsorbed until then is desorbed. Here, the calculation of each adsorption amount is shown in FIG.
It is converted by the adsorption time accumulated by the CPU 42 shown in FIG.
With this control method, the adsorption time of each adsorption operation (including continuous and intermittent switching), the upper limit value of the compressor rotation speed at which R134a adsorption is temporarily stopped, the outside air temperature at which R32 should begin to be adsorbed, each used for control Appropriate numerical values used for controlling the adsorption amount and desorption time are empirically determined and stored in the memory 41 of FIG. This series of control methods will be described in FIG. 25 as follows. First, the operation mode is set to the cooling operation by the remote controller 46, and is transmitted to the CPU 42 via the signal receiving unit 47 and the input circuit 43 together with the set temperature of room temperature. Further, the room temperature detected by the room temperature sensor 67 and the outside air temperature detected by the outside air temperature sensor 68 are sent to the CPU 42 via the input circuit 43. Therefore, the CPU 42 detects the room temperature and the remote controller 46.
The temperature difference between the room temperature set in step 1 and the set temperature is calculated. Next, if this temperature difference is calculated,
Utilizing the relationship between the compressor rotational speed and the temperature difference stored in 41, the CPU 42 sets the compressor rotational speed, and the output circuit 44 drives the compressor 1. On the other hand, regarding the adsorption and desorption of each fluorocarbon gas, the following operation method is adopted according to the operation pattern of the adsorption operation described above. First, the adsorption is determined from the detected and estimated outside air temperature, compressor rotation speed, and the temperature difference between the detected temperature at room temperature and the set temperature,
A command is issued by U42, and each two-way valve is operated by the output circuit 44 to adsorb each CFC gas. Regarding desorption,
First, the CPU 42 integrates the adsorption time at the time of adsorption, and the adsorption amount is estimated from the integrated adsorption time. When the estimated adsorption amount reaches the upper limit value of the adsorption amount stored in the memory 41, a command is issued from the CPU 42, and the electric expansion valve 2 is fully closed by the output circuit 44 so that each adsorbent can be used. The adsorbed CFC gas shall be desorbed. The above is the control method of the operation pattern according to the composition ratio variation of the mixed refrigerant during the cooling operation of the present embodiment. Next, the operation pattern of the adsorption operation during the heating operation shown in FIG. 27 will be described with reference to the block circuit diagram of FIG. The illustration system of FIG. 27 is similar to that of FIG. The adsorption pattern during heating operation shown in Fig. 27 is basically the same as that during cooling operation, and when the detected temperature at room temperature is somewhat lower than the set temperature, the compressor rotation speed does not rise above a certain value. The operation pattern is such that R134a is adsorbed and R32 is adsorbed when the outside air temperature rises. When R32 and R134a are adsorbed to some extent, a certain amount of R125 is adsorbed to balance the composition ratio.
When one single CFC gas is adsorbed to some extent, the CFC gas that has been adsorbed until then is desorbed in order to suppress the shortage of the circulating refrigerant amount. However, there is a defrost operation during the heating operation, and the defrost operation is treated as one operation mode.If the defrost operation signal is output regardless of the temperature difference between the room temperature detection temperature and the set temperature or the compressor speed. , R to increase the latent heat of condensation of the mixed refrigerant
Let 134a be adsorbed. The operation configuration in the block circuit diagram of FIG. 25 during the heating operation is exactly the same as that during the cooling operation. That is, the numerical value used for control is empirically obtained and stored in the memory 41, and the signal set by the remote controller 46, the room temperature detected by the room temperature sensor 67 and the outside air temperature detected by the outside air temperature sensor 68 are sent to the CPU 42. , CPU42
Each calculation is performed by the CPU 42, and the compressor 1 and each two-way valve and the like are driven by a command from the CPU 42. The other detailed operation methods are the same as those in the cooling operation, and therefore will be omitted here. The defrost operation will be described as follows. First, the normal defrost operation is performed by the following operation. At the design stage of the air conditioner, the range of the outside air temperature at which the defrost operation should be performed is empirically obtained and stored in the memory 41. Then, if the CPU 42 determines that the temperature detected by the outside air temperature sensor 68 during the actual operation has reached the temperature at which the defrost operation should be performed, the CPU 42 gives a command to change the rotation speed of the compressor 1 to that for the defrost operation. , The four-way valve 5 is switched to make the refrigerant flow during the defrost operation, and the outdoor blower motor 38 is stopped. During this defrost operation, R134a, which is the mixed refrigerant that circulates as described above, is adsorbed, so the CPU 42 issues a command to open the two-way valve 9. In the defrost operation, the compressor discharge temperature does not exceed the upper limit value even if the compressor rotation speed is increased, so that R134a can be adsorbed continuously. However, after the defrost operation is completed, R
Since too much 134a is adsorbed, the once adsorbed CFC gas should be desorbed and returned to the adsorption amount before the defrost operation. At this time, the adjustment of the adsorption amount after the end of the defrost operation is performed so as to match the adsorption amount estimated by the adsorption time of each single CFC gas accumulated by the CPU 42 before the defrost operation. That is, the CPU 42 issues a desorption and adsorption command based on the estimated adsorption amount, and the electric expansion valve 2 is fully closed and the two-way valves are operated only for the time determined by the CPU 42. The above is the control method of the operation pattern according to the composition ratio variation of the mixed refrigerant during the heating operation of the present embodiment.

[0015]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, it becomes possible to control the composition ratio of the circulating mixed refrigerant in the air conditioner using the mixed refrigerant, which improves the operation efficiency and the reliability of each part. For this purpose, it is possible to operate with an appropriate composition ratio of the mixed refrigerant in each operating state. Further, according to claim 2 to claim 4 of the present invention, by combining the technique of detecting the composition ratio of the circulating mixed refrigerant with high accuracy and the technique of varying the composition ratio of the circulating mixed refrigerant, each operating state Thus, the composition ratio of the mixed refrigerant can be controlled with high accuracy and high responsiveness, and higher operating efficiency in each operating state and higher reliability of each component can be achieved. Among them, claim 2 and claim 3
Relates to a two-type mixed refrigerant, and claim 4 relates to a three-type mixed refrigerant. Further, according to claim 5 of the present invention, even if the composition ratio of the mixed refrigerant is not obtained, only by detecting the temperature and the pressure in a part of the refrigeration cycle, it is possible to appropriately adjust the composition ratio variation of the mixed refrigerant in each operating state. Therefore, by changing the composition ratio of the mixed refrigerant in an appropriate direction in response to changes in each temperature and pressure of the refrigeration cycle, it is possible to improve operating efficiency and reliability of each part. It is possible to improve. Similarly, according to claim 6 of the present invention, it is possible to obtain an appropriate direction of the composition ratio variation of the mixed refrigerant due to the operation mode, the temperature difference between the set temperature of room temperature and the detected temperature, the compressor rotation speed, and the change of the outside air temperature. For,
By varying the composition ratio of the mixed refrigerant in an appropriate direction in response to changes in those operating states, it is possible to improve the operating efficiency in each operating state and the reliability of each component. Further, according to claim 7 of the present invention, since it becomes possible to desorb the pure substance once adsorbed in the pure substance constituting the mixed refrigerant, the composition ratio is once reduced in the circulating mixed refrigerant. It is possible to increase the composition ratio of the pure substance again. Even if the operating condition reverses due to this control,
It is possible to control the composition ratio of the mixed refrigerant, and it is also possible to give appropriate direction to the composition ratio variation of the mixed refrigerant.
As a result, the operating range in which the operating efficiency can be improved and the reliability of each component can be improved by utilizing the composition ratio variation of the mixed refrigerant is increased.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a system diagram of a refrigeration cycle that is the basis of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a tank containing the adsorbent of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a system diagram of a refrigeration cycle that is the basis of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a bypass circuit diagram containing an adsorbent.

FIG. 5 is a system diagram of a refrigeration cycle according to a third embodiment.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing the relationship between the composition ratio of the mixed refrigerant and the capacitance.

FIG. 7 is a block circuit diagram of a third embodiment.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of a capacitance sensor.

FIG. 9 is a flowchart of the third embodiment.

FIG. 10 is a system diagram of a refrigeration cycle according to a fourth embodiment.

FIG. 11 is a block circuit diagram of the fourth embodiment.

FIG. 12 is a flowchart of the fourth embodiment.

FIG. 13 is a system diagram of a refrigeration cycle according to a fifth embodiment.

FIG. 14 is a Mollier diagram showing the state of the refrigeration cycle of the present invention.

FIG. 15 is a block circuit diagram of the fifth embodiment.

FIG. 16 is a flowchart of the fifth embodiment.

FIG. 17 is a system diagram of a refrigeration cycle of Example 6.

FIG. 18 is a block circuit diagram of the sixth embodiment.

FIG. 19 is a flowchart of the sixth embodiment.

FIG. 20 is a system diagram of a refrigeration cycle of Example 7.

21 is a Mollier diagram showing the state of the refrigeration cycle of Example 7. FIG.

FIG. 22 is a block circuit diagram of the seventh embodiment.

FIG. 23 is a flowchart of Example 7.

FIG. 24 is a system diagram of a refrigeration cycle of Example 8.

FIG. 25 is a block circuit diagram of the eighth embodiment.

FIG. 26 is an explanatory diagram of an operation pattern during cooling operation of the eighth embodiment.

FIG. 27 is an explanatory diagram of an operation pattern during heating operation according to the eighth embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ... Compressor, 2 ... Electric expansion valve, 3 ... Indoor heat exchanger,
4 ... Outdoor heat exchanger, 5 ... Four-way valve, 6 ... Suction tank, 7 ... Two-way valve, 8 ... Two-way valve, 9 ... Two-way valve, 10 ... Tank, 11 ... Tank, 12 ... Tank, 13 ... Check valve, 14 ... Check valve, 15 ... Check valve, 16 ... Bypass circuit, 17 ... Bypass circuit, 18 ... Bypass circuit, 20 ... Main circuit, 21 ... Adsorbent that adsorbs only R32, 22 ... Adsorbs only R125 Adsorbent, 23 ... R134
Adsorbent that adsorbs only a.

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A plurality of types of mixed refrigerants are used in a refrigeration cycle, and only one pure substance among pure substances constituting the mixed refrigerant is adsorbed in the refrigeration cycle or one pure substance is adsorbed. One or more bypass circuits containing an adsorbent that adsorbs a larger amount than other pure substances are provided, and the mixed refrigerant is passed through any one or more of the bypass circuits according to each operating state. Harmony machine. 2. A refrigeration cycle using two kinds of mixed refrigerants,
In the refrigeration cycle, a bypass circuit containing an adsorbent that adsorbs only one pure substance among the pure substances that constitute the mixed refrigerant or adsorbs one pure substance in a larger amount than other pure substances. One or more are provided, a composition ratio sensor is provided in the refrigeration cycle, the composition ratio of the mixed refrigerant is estimated from the electric signal obtained by the composition ratio sensor, and the estimated composition ratio of the composition ratio sensor in each operating state is When the composition ratio of the mixed refrigerant at the installation position is different from the appropriate composition ratio, the pure substance having a higher composition ratio than the appropriate composition ratio is adsorbed in a larger amount than only one or other pure substances. An air conditioner, wherein the mixed refrigerant is passed through the bypass circuit provided with the adsorbent. 3. A mixed refrigerant of two types is used in a refrigeration cycle,
In the refrigeration cycle, a bypass circuit containing an adsorbent that adsorbs only one pure substance among the pure substances that constitute the mixed refrigerant or adsorbs one pure substance in a larger amount than other pure substances. One or more are provided, an electric expansion valve is used as a decompression mechanism of the refrigeration cycle, and a temperature sensor is installed in either one or both of the indoor heat exchanger and the outdoor heat exchanger, and mixing is performed in the refrigeration cycle. At least one temperature sensor and one pressure sensor are provided at positions where the temperature and pressure of the refrigerant suction gas of the refrigerant can be detected with a certain accuracy, and the temperature sensor installed in the heat exchanger detects each operating state. The electrically operated expansion valve is operated and controlled so that the temperature difference between the evaporation temperature and the temperature of the gas sucked into the compressor of the mixed refrigerant matches or does not open beyond a certain value, and the compressor of the mixed refrigerant is operated. Estimating the composition ratio of the compressor suction gas of the mixed refrigerant from the temperature and pressure of the inlet gas, when the estimated composition ratio is different from the appropriate composition ratio of the compressor inlet gas of the mixed refrigerant, suitable, The mixed refrigerant is passed through the bypass circuit provided with the adsorbent that adsorbs a pure substance having a higher composition ratio estimated with respect to the composition ratio in a larger amount than only one of the pure substances or other pure substances. And an air conditioner. 4. A refrigeration cycle using three kinds of mixed refrigerants,
In the refrigeration cycle, a bypass circuit containing an adsorbent that adsorbs only one pure substance among the pure substances that constitute the mixed refrigerant or adsorbs one pure substance in a larger amount than other pure substances. One or more are provided, a composition ratio sensor is provided in the refrigeration cycle, an electric expansion valve is used as a decompression mechanism of the refrigeration cycle, and either one or both of the indoor heat exchanger and the outdoor heat exchanger are used. A temperature sensor is installed, and at least one temperature sensor and at least one pressure sensor are provided at positions where the temperature and pressure of the compressor suction gas of the mixed refrigerant in the refrigeration cycle can be detected within a certain accuracy. Operate the electrically driven expansion valve so that the temperature difference between the evaporation temperature detected by the temperature sensor installed in the heat exchanger and the temperature of the gas sucked into the compressor of the mixed refrigerant matches or does not open beyond a certain value. And control, the temperature and pressure of the compressor suction gas of the mixed refrigerant and the composition ratio of the compressor suction gas of the mixed refrigerant is estimated by utilizing the electric signal obtained by the composition ratio sensor, and the estimated composition When the ratio is different from the appropriate composition ratio of the compressor suction gas of the mixed refrigerant, the pure material having a high composition ratio estimated with respect to the appropriate composition ratio alone or other pure materials An air conditioner, wherein the mixed refrigerant is passed through the bypass circuit provided with the adsorbent that adsorbs a larger amount. 5. A refrigeration cycle using a plurality of types of mixed refrigerants, and adsorbs only one pure substance among pure substances constituting the mixed refrigerant or one pure substance in the refrigeration cycle. One or more bypass circuits containing an adsorbent that adsorbs a larger amount than other pure substances are provided, and one or more temperature sensors or pressure sensors are provided in the refrigeration cycle, or one or more temperature sensors and pressure sensors, respectively. Provided, when the value detected by the sensor or the relationship between the value detected by the sensor and the value is different from the appropriate value or the appropriate value-value relationship in each operating state,
An air conditioner, wherein the mixed refrigerant is passed through any one or more of the bypass circuits. 6. A refrigeration cycle comprising a plurality of types of mixed refrigerants, wherein only one pure substance among the pure substances constituting the mixed refrigerant is adsorbed in the refrigeration cycle, or one pure substance is adsorbed. One or more bypass circuits containing adsorbents that adsorb a larger amount than other pure substances are provided, and operation patterns for passing the mixed refrigerant through the bypass circuits are set for each operation mode, outside air temperature, compressor rotation speed, and room temperature set temperature. An air conditioner that is set according to the temperature difference between the detected temperature and the detected temperature. 7. A plurality of types of mixed refrigerants are used in a refrigeration cycle, and only one pure substance among pure substances constituting the mixed refrigerant is adsorbed in the refrigeration cycle or one pure substance is adsorbed in the refrigeration cycle. One or more bypass circuits containing an adsorbent that adsorbs a larger amount than other pure substances are provided, and a two-way valve or an electric expansion valve is installed on the high pressure side of the bypass circuit.
Depending on each operating state, it is possible to close the two-way valve while driving the compressor, or reduce the opening degree of the electric expansion valve while driving the compressor or close the electric expansion valve. A characteristic air conditioner.