JPH0894480A - Method and apparatus for vacuum inspection - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To obtain an apparatus for inspecting a defective penetration through a laminate easily and accurately without requiring a large scale intricate facility. CONSTITUTION: A vacuum box 21 is sucked to a honeycomb panel 10 to be inspected through a vacuum pump 27. Sound in the vacuum box 21 is then collected by means of a plurality of sound collectors 31 during suction. A decision unit 32 makes a decision whether any defect is present for each sound collector 31 based on the sound thus collected. When a defect is detected, the position of a defective sound collector 31 is represented optically on a display 33. The position of defect is also printed out by means of a printer 35. The display 33 and the printer 35 present the position of defect graphically. Sound collected by each sound collector 31 can be outputted from a speaker 38.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method and an inspection apparatus for inspecting a material that is difficult to see visually, and particularly to a structure and pressure using a multilayer body such as an aluminum honeycomb panel used as a vehicle body of a railway vehicle. The present invention relates to an inspection method and an inspection device for a sealed structure such as a container or a vacuum container.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, a defect inspection method for a hermetically-sealed structure is a so-called hermetic sealing, in which water or gas is sealed in the hermetically-sealed structure and visually inspected for the presence or absence of leakage from the outer surface. There are tests and pressure resistance tests.

As a special one, there is a vacuum test performed by using a vacuum box and a vacuum pump. This is also used as a defect inspection of the laminated body.

In order to inspect the car body of a railway vehicle, especially the roof, water is sprayed from above to check whether there is a defect in the penetration before mounting the interior.

[0005]

In the method of inspecting the sealed structure with water or air, the inspection equipment becomes large when the inspection object is large. Further, it is necessary to move the inspection object to the location of the inspection device, which requires a large amount of time and cost for the inspection preparation.

Further, in the conventional method using the vacuum box, since the inspection is carried out by the foaming method using soapy water, the occurrence of bubbles affects the detection performance, and the foaming from a large penetration defect is instantaneous. It was a method that was easily erased and had the risk of overlooking such defects that must be detected.

Further, when water vapor is sprinkled on a vehicle body of a railway vehicle manufactured by using a laminated body such as a honeycomb panel to detect a defect, since the laminated body is used, water leakage cannot be visually observed and this test method cannot be applied. .

An object of the present invention is to make it possible to easily and accurately perform an inspection without requiring a large and complicated equipment.

[0009]

According to the present invention, a vacuum box is vacuum-sucked to an object to be inspected, a sound in the vacuum box is collected during suction, and the presence or absence of a defect is determined by the sound. It is a characteristic vacuum inspection method.

[0010]

When the vacuum box is applied to the inspection object and the vacuum pump is operated, the space surrounded by the vacuum box and the inspection object is in a vacuum state. In this state, if the inspection object has a penetration defect, the content gas of the inspection object is sucked out according to the degree of vacuum in the space. When a gas such as air passes through the penetrating defect, a very weak rubbing sound is generated depending on the passing speed and the shape and size of the defect. Capture this with a vacuum box sound collector,
The presence of a penetration defect is confirmed by amplifying this and listening as an audible sound, or by electrically determining and outputting it.

[0011]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the inspection apparatus of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS.
This will be described with reference to FIG. In this embodiment, the honeycomb panel 10 is used.
It is an example applied to the inspection of the penetration defect of the outer panel of the roof of the car body 16 of the railway vehicle manufactured by using. Honeycomb panel 10
Is a honeycomb-shaped core 13 between two face plates 11 and 12, and a channel-shaped coupling member 14 arranged along the peripheries of the face plates 11 and 12, and the contact portions are brazed. The ends of the honeycomb panels 10, 10 are welded to each other to form the vehicle body 16. Such a vehicle body 16 is known. In the inspection of the present embodiment, a penetration defect in the outer face plate 11 of the honeycomb panel 10 on the roof of the vehicle body 16 and the outer weld portion W is detected. The purpose of this inspection of the car body 16 is a rain leak test.

Reference numeral 21 is a portable vacuum box, and a packing 22 for sealing is arranged around the opening on the lower surface of the hexahedron. The packing 22 is adapted to correspond to the curved surface of the upper surface of the vehicle body 16. A handle 23 is provided on the upper surface of the vacuum box 21 so that it can be moved by hand. The side surface of the vacuum box 21 is connected to a vacuum pump 27 via a hose 26. Vacuum pump 27
Wheels 28 are provided on the wheel so that it can be easily moved.

Reference numeral 31 denotes a sound collector, which is arranged in a grid pattern and is attached to the ceiling of the vacuum box 21. The vacuum box 21 has a rectangular plan shape. In FIG. 2, the intersections of the grid indicate the position of the sound collector 31.

Reference numeral 32 denotes a judging device for judging whether the sound is obtained by the sound collector 31 or not.
It is provided corresponding to. The determination device 32 is used for each sound collector 31.
And a determination unit that determines whether or not the sound of each sound collector 31 is defective. Since the sound entering the sound collector 31 differs depending on the connection position of the hose 26, the determination value of the determination device 32 is different for each sound collector 31.

Reference numeral 33 is a display device as an output device for turning on the light emitter so that the state of the sound collector 31 can be visually checked. The display device 33 is formed by arranging a large number of light emitters or is made of liquid crystal, and is configured to emit light corresponding to the position of each sound collector 31. In FIG. 3, the intersections of the grid indicate the position of the sound collector 31. The black circle mark 33f indicates a state of emitting light because a defect is found.
Therefore, the planar shape is similar to the planar shape of the vacuum box 21. Reference numeral 34 is an alarm sound generator that notifies the worker by sound when a defect is found.

Reference numeral 35 is a printing device for printing the display contents of the display device 33. The printing device 35 prints a black circle, for example, at a position corresponding to the position where the display device 33 displays the position of the defect. In FIG. 4, the print content includes grid-like lines 35d for facilitating the arrangement of the sound collector 31 and the above-mentioned black circle mark 35f indicating the position of the defect. The intersection of the grid 35d indicates the position of the sound collector 31. The display device 33 and the printing device 35 display the position of the defect in correspondence with the vertical and horizontal positions of the vacuum box 21. That is,
It can be said that this is displayed graphically. The display contents of the printing device 35 are other various data of the inspection, contents indicating the position of the inspection, inspection number, date and time, and the like. This is shown at 35 g. Some of these were entered manually. If the determination device 32 is provided with a plurality of threshold values for determining the presence / absence of the result and the printing device 35 prints while changing the size of the black circle, the defect size can be easily recognized. This can be easily performed even in the display device 33 in the case of liquid crystal. For other light emitters, change the emission color.

In the display device 33, not only the position of the defect can be made to emit light, but also the position of the sound collector 31 can be made to emit light. In the case of liquid crystal, the position of the sound collector 31 is made small to emit light, and in the case of a defect, it is made to emit widely. For other light emitters, change the emission color. This allows the size of the defect to be easily recognized.

A control device 37 amplifies the sound collected by the sound collector 31 and outputs it as an audible sound from the speaker 38. The controller 37 outputs the sound of each sound collector 31 to the speaker 38 one by one. The sound of the next sound collector 31 can be output to the speaker 38 every predetermined time. When switch 39 is pressed,
Each time the button is pressed, the sound of the next sound collector 31 can be output to the speaker.
In addition, the sound collector 31 that can be output to the speaker 38 can be designated by the ten-key pad 40. This is effective when used to confirm the sound when a defect is displayed on the display device 33. The speaker 38 may be headphones.

The determination device 32, the display device 33, the alarm sound generation device 35, the printing device 35, the control device 37, and the speaker 38 are mounted on one mount with wheels.

In this structure, when the vacuum pump 27 is operated, the vacuum box 21, the seal portion 22,
The space surrounded by the face plate 11 of the inspection object is in a vacuum state. The inspection is performed under the state of vacuuming by the vacuum pump 27. If the penetrating defects 9 are present in the face plates 11, the air between the face plates 11 and 12 is removed by the vacuum box 21.
Is sucked inside. Therefore, a scraping sound is generated. The intensity of this rubbing sound depends on the degree of vacuum in the vacuum box 21 and the size of the penetrating defect 9, but is a low sound that cannot be detected only by human hearing in a normal state. The sound collector 31 detects this low scraping sound. The caught rubbing sound is amplified by the judging device 32, and the presence or absence of the penetrating defect 9 is judged. When the defect is detected, the display device 33 turns on the light emitting body 35 corresponding to the sound collecting unit 31 in which the defect is detected. It is considered that the penetrating defect 9 exists near the position of the sound collector 31 where the defect is found. When the penetrating defect 9 is detected,
An audible sound is output from the alarm sound generator 34. The worker puts a mark on the vehicle body 16 at the current inspection position, that is, the portion where the vacuum box 21 is applied. After the inspection,
The penetrating defect 9 is found with reference to this mark, and repair work such as welding is performed. Further, the printer 35 prints the inspection result. Display device 3 on top of Vacuum Box 21
If 3 is placed, the position of the defect can be easily recognized.

Further, a speaker 38 is controlled by the control device 37.
Then, the sound collected by the sound collector 31 is output, and the worker confirms the inspection state.

When the inspection of one portion is completed, the operation of the vacuum pump 27 is stopped and the vacuum box 2
Vent into 1. Then, the vacuum box 21 is moved, and the above work is repeated. In order to prevent inspection omissions, the previous inspection position and this inspection position are made to overlap slightly.

As described above, according to this embodiment, there is an effect that the penetrating defect 9 that cannot be visually detected can be detected with high accuracy.

Particularly, since the inspection is performed by suction, the laminated body can be easily inspected like a honeycomb panel. In addition, it is possible to easily inspect a running vehicle at regular intervals.

If the sound collector 31 can be moved inside the vacuum box 21, the number of sound collectors can be reduced. Further, even one sound collector 31 can be inspected.

FIG. 6 shows an automatic movement of the vacuum box 21. A gate-shaped traveling body 41 that moves along the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body 16 is provided, and the traveling body 4
A traveling body 43 that moves along one girder 42 is provided. The traveling box 43 is provided with a vacuum box 21 which can be raised and lowered. The vacuum hob box 21 can be tilted with respect to the pillar 45 in the width direction of the vehicle body. By the numerical control, the traveling bodies 41 and 43 are caused to travel and are moved up and down.
The traveling body 43 is equipped with a vacuum pump.

If the vacuum box 21 which moves up and down and moves horizontally is provided on the leg 46 on the side surface of the traveling body 41,
The side surface of the vehicle body 16 can be detected.

[0028]

According to the present invention, since a sound collecting microphone is installed in the vacuum box and the presence or absence of defects is inspected under a vacuum, the inspection can be performed more accurately than in the case of using soapy water. Further, the vacuum box can be easily carried because it can be easily carried. In addition, even a laminated body such as a honeycomb panel can be easily inspected. Further, it can be easily applied to the inspection of the vehicle body using the laminated body.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a longitudinal section and a system configuration of an inspection apparatus of the present invention.

2 is a plan view of the vacuum box of FIG. 1. FIG.

3 is a plan view of the display device of FIG. 1. FIG.

FIG. 4 is an example of an output result by the printing apparatus of FIG.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a vehicle body of an inspection object.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of an inspection apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

10 ... Honeycomb panel, 21 ... Vacuum box, 2
2 ... Seal part, 27 ... Vacuum pump, 31 ... Sound collector, 32
... judgment device, 33 ... display device, 34 ... alarm sound generation device,
35 ... Printing device, 37 ... Control device, 38 ... Speaker.

Claims (14)

[Claims] 1. A vacuum-type inspection method, comprising: vacuum-sucking a vacuum box to an object to be inspected, collecting a sound in the vacuum box under suction, and determining the presence or absence of a defect by the sound. 2. The vacuum inspection method according to claim 1, wherein the position where a defect is detected by the determination is displayed in correspondence with the vertical and horizontal positions of the vacuum box. 3. The vacuum type inspection method according to claim 1, wherein when the work from the vacuum suction to the determination is completed,
A vacuum-type inspection method, characterized in that vacuum suction is released, the vacuum box is moved to another position, and the above-mentioned operation is repeated. 4. The vacuum inspection method according to claim 1, wherein the inspection object is a vehicle body of a railway vehicle. 5. A vacuum box having a seal part provided at an opening and a connection port to a vacuum pump, a sound collector arranged in the vacuum box, and an audible sound collected by the sound collector. Or an output device that determines the sound collected by the sound collector and outputs the result. 6. The vacuum inspection device according to claim 5, wherein the output device displays a position of a defect in the vacuum box. 7. The vacuum inspection apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the output device displays the position of the defect in the vacuum box in correspondence with the vertical and horizontal positions of the vacuum box. Vacuum type inspection device. 8. The vacuum inspection device according to claim 7, wherein the output device is an optical display device. 9. The vacuum inspection device according to claim 7, wherein the output device is a printing device. 10. The vacuum inspection device according to claim 6, wherein the vacuum box has a quadrangular planar shape. 11. The vacuum type inspection device according to claim 6, wherein the sound collectors are arranged at a predetermined interval in the vacuum box. 12. The vacuum type inspection device according to claim 11, wherein the sound collectors are arranged in a grid pattern. 13. The vacuum type inspection device according to claim 6, wherein the sound collector is movably installed in the vacuum box. 14. A vacuum type inspection device comprising a seal portion provided around an opening on one surface of a hexahedron, a suction port communicating with an internal space, and a sound collector provided in the internal space. .