JPH0886026A - Heat insulation member of roof and production thereof and heat insulation structure of roof - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To provide an inexpensive heat insulation member which restricts thermal conduction to a roof and increases the heat insulation property of the roof, by laying the heat insulation members provided with rugged surfaces, cavities connected to the outside air, and a number of protrusions at the outer face, on the roof. CONSTITUTION: A heat insulation member is made of a rigid material like burnt clay, concrete, or stone and rugged faces and cavities 12 connected to the outside air are formed in the heat insulation member 11 to provide a large surface area. And also a number of protrusions are formed on the external face thereof. Or stones quarried from a mine are crushed appropriately and pierced holes are bored therein to prepare natural stones with rugged faces, cavities connected to the outside air, and a number of protrusions on the outer face. And the heat insulation members 11, the natural stones, or their mixture are laid down on a heat insulation layer 1, a roof slab 3, a waterproof layer 5, and setting mortar 6, in a building with a roof like a flat roof. As a result, the contact area with the roof becomes small and the thermal conduction to the roof is effectively restricted.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a heat insulating member for a roof in a flat roof building, a method for manufacturing the same, and a heat insulating structure for the roof.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 6 is a sectional view of a flat roof of a building. 1
Is a heat insulating layer, and is attached to the lower surface of the roof slab 3 made of concrete. And this roof slab 3
The waterproof layer 5 and the pressing concrete 6 are laminated in this order on top.

In order to obtain a heat insulating structure, it is usual to spread a heat insulating block 7 on the pressing concrete 6. That is, since the legs 8 attached to the four corners of the quadrangular heat insulating block 7 are fixed to the concrete 6 with the mortar 9, direct sunlight is blocked by the heat insulating block 7, and the space between the heat insulating block 7 and the hold concrete 6 is blocked. Since the space 10 has good ventilation, the roof and the heat insulating block 7 radiate heat.

[0004]

However, in the heat insulating structure in which the heat insulating block 7 is specially manufactured and the legs 8 are fixed to the roof with the mortar 9, it takes time to lay the heat insulating block, the construction period is prolonged, and the cost is increased. It becomes high. Further, unless the mortar 9 is carefully fixed, the heat insulating block 7 is blown off by the wind pressure in the strong wind, which is dangerous. Since a large amount of mortar 9 is used to firmly fix the legs 8 so as not to be blown off, the heat of the heat insulating block 7 is easily transferred to the roof, and the heat insulating effect is reduced.

Further, in order to manufacture the heat insulating block 7 with the legs 8, the molds are molded one by one, but they must be molded and cured so that defective products do not occur. The manufacturing cost of the block becomes high, and the construction cost becomes high due to the complicated construction work as described above.

The technical problem of the present invention is to pay attention to such a problem, to provide a heat insulating member at a low cost, to reduce the laying cost, and to provide a heat insulating member for a roof excellent in a heat insulating effect, a manufacturing method thereof, and a roof. It is to realize the heat insulation structure of.

[0007]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a heat insulating member for a roof, which is made of a rigid material such as clay fired material, concrete, or stone, and has a surface area increased by forming irregularities and cavities communicating with the outside air. Moreover, it has a structure in which a large number of protrusions are formed on the outer surface.

A second aspect of the present invention is a method for manufacturing a heat insulating member for a roof, which has unevenness and a cavity communicating with the outside air made of clay,
Moreover, it is manufactured by molding into a shape having a large number of protrusions on the outer surface and firing. The clay may be mixed with debris such as pottery, roof tile, stone, and concrete, and sand as an aggregate.

A third aspect of the present invention is a heat insulating structure for a roof, which is made of a rigid body such as a fired product of clay, concrete, or stone, and which has a large surface area by forming irregularities and cavities communicating with the outside air.
Moreover, a heat insulating member having a large number of protrusions formed on the outer surface is spread over the roof to form a heat insulating structure. Alternatively, natural stones having irregularities and cavities communicating with the outside air and having a large number of protrusions on the outer surface may be spread. Further, the heat insulating member and the natural stone may be mixed and spread.

[0010]

The heat insulating member according to claim 1 is made of a rigid body such as fired clay, concrete, or stone, and has a large number of protrusions formed on its outer surface. Contact. Moreover, in the case of a heat insulating member in which adjacent heat insulating members support each other or float between the heat insulating members on both sides, they contact at three points or less. As a result, the contact area becomes small, and heat conduction to the roof can be effectively suppressed.

The radiant heat received from the sun is proportional to the projected area of the heat insulating member, whereas the heat radiation from the heat insulating member to the atmosphere is approximately proportional to the surface area thereof. Therefore, the unevenness and the cavity are formed to increase the surface area. As a result, in addition to this, by opening a cavity that communicates with the outside air to improve ventilation, the heat insulating member itself has excellent heat dissipation and the temperature rise of the heat insulating member itself can be effectively suppressed.

Furthermore, since the ventilation between the heat insulating member and the roof is good, the heat radiation of the heat insulating member itself and the roof can be effectively performed. It should be noted that if the outer shape is as described above, natural stones may be used, but since it is difficult to collect natural stones, it is usually produced by the method of claim 2.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the heat insulating member for the roof is manufactured by molding the clay into a shape having irregularities and cavities communicating with the outside air, and having a plurality of protrusions on the outer surface, and firing the clay. It is sufficient that the heat insulating member has irregularities and protrusions, and the heat insulating members do not have to have uniform outer shapes.

Therefore, even if the heat insulating member is deformed or damaged during or after the manufacturing process, the heat insulating member is not inferior. Therefore, the manufacturing yield of the heat insulating member is almost 100%, and as the aggregate, ceramics, roof tiles,
If you use debris such as stone or concrete, or sand, it can be manufactured at extremely low cost.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, the heat insulating member according to the first aspect, or the unevenness or the cavity communicating with the outside air,
Moreover, when a natural stone having a large number of protrusions on the outer surface or a mixture of the heat insulating member and the natural stone is laid on the roof to form a heat insulating structure of the roof, the heat insulating member and the natural stone conduct heat as described above. Since it has excellent effects on heat dissipation and heat dissipation, it is possible to effectively suppress the temperature rise in the attic or the room due to direct sunlight.

Further, since the heat insulating member need only be placed on the roof, the laying work is easy and the heat insulating member can be finished in a short period of time, and the heat insulating member itself can be manufactured at low cost, thus reducing the construction cost. It will be possible. Further, since the heat insulating member has a complicated outer shape and the adjacent heat insulating members are engaged with each other and are caught, there is no fear of being blown off by a strong wind or the like.

[0017]

EXAMPLES Next, practical examples of the heat insulating member for roof, the method for manufacturing the same and the roof heat insulating structure according to the present invention will be described with reference to Examples. FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view illustrating the entire structure of a heat insulating member for a roof and a heat insulating structure for a roof according to the present invention. The structure of the roof itself is the same as that of the conventional roof shown in FIG. 6, and the heat insulating layer 1 is provided on the lower side of the roof slab 3, the waterproof layer 5 is formed on the upper side, and the roof slab 3 is fixed with the pressing concrete 6.

Reference numeral 11 denotes a heat insulating member according to the present invention, which is laid by simply placing it on the waterproof concrete 6 which holds the waterproof layer. As described in claim 1, the heat insulating member 11 is made of a rigid body such as a fired product of clay, concrete, or stone, and has irregularities and a large number of protrusions 13 on the outer surface.
Moreover, it has a cavity 12 communicating with the outside air.

In the Okinawa region, there are natural stones made of limestone, but they have large and small cavities, and their outer shapes are extremely complicated, with irregularities and numerous projections. There is. Therefore, the heat insulating member 11 may be such a natural stone, or may be an artificial heat insulating member that resembles this stone as in claim 1.

Further, the artificial heat insulating member and natural stone may be mixed. Since natural stone does not always have the cavity 12 that communicates with the outside air, stones having only irregularities and protrusions may be mixed.

As described above, when the heat insulating member 11 having the cavity and the unevenness and the large number of projections is laid on the flat roof, the direct sunlight hits the heat insulating member 11 and the roof becomes a shadow. , The temperature rise due to direct sunlight is suppressed.

Moreover, the heat insulating member 11 is heated by direct sunlight, but since the outer surface of each heat insulating member 11 has irregularities and a large number of projections, and the tips of the projections contact the pressing concrete 6 of the roof, contact is made. The area is extremely small. As a result, the heat conduction from the heat insulating member 11 to the roof is suppressed, and the temperature rise of the roof due to the heat of the heat insulating member 11 can also be suppressed.

Since the heat insulating member 11 has cavities, and there is a large gap between each heat insulating member 11 and the pressing concrete 6 on the roof, the wind passes through these cavities and the gaps, so that the roof And the heat of the heat insulation member 11 is effectively radiated. Further, due to the cavity of the heat insulating member 11 and the complicated outer shape, the heat radiation area is large, and the air flow becomes turbulent in the upper portion of the heat insulating member 11. As a result, the temperature rise of the heat insulating member 11 itself is suppressed, and the amount of heat transferred to the roof is reduced.

As described above, since the heat insulating member 11 has a complicated outer shape, when the heat insulating members 11 are laid on the roof, the adjacent heat insulating members 11 mesh with each other, so that the heat insulating members 11 do not move even if they receive strong wind. There is no fear of being blown or blown away.

This heat insulating member 11 is more effective when it is laid on a roof provided with the heat insulating layer 1 as shown in FIG. That is, since the heat transfer to the roof is lowered by the heat insulating member 11, the heat transferred to the roof is further suppressed by the heat insulating layer 1. As a result, it is possible to effectively suppress the temperature rise in the room, reduce the load on the cooling device, or reduce the frequency of use of the cooling device. Furthermore, since the rise in room temperature during the daytime can be effectively suppressed, a comfortable temperature can be maintained.

The heat insulating member 11 to be laid on the roof may be natural stone as long as it has a cavity and has a complicated shape having irregularities and a large number of projections on the outer surface, but natural stone is difficult to obtain. There are many, so it is necessary to prepare an artificial one.

In the case of artificial production, the material is
Clay, concrete and stone are suitable. Alternatively,
Slag that is generated as an incineration residue at a garbage incineration plant,
It is effective because it is porous. Although the method of manufacturing the heat insulating member 11 differs depending on the material, an example of extrusion molding using clay will be described with reference to FIG.

In the case of clay, it is formed by molding clay in advance, drying it, and then firing it. 2 (1) shows an extrusion process,
(2) is a punching step, and (3) is a completed state. First, clay is extruded using a mold or the like as shown in FIG. 2 (1). At this time, as shown in the drawing, a large number of star-shaped projections 14 are continuously formed on the outer surface. Also, the cavity 15
Is also formed continuously. Further, by rotating the extrusion port to the right or left continuously or alternately to the left and right, it is extruded in a twisted state.

Next, as in (2), a punch 16 is used to form a cavity 17 in the extruded product from the outer periphery toward the center to form a through hole. Then, when it is cut into a predetermined length with a cutter 18, the outer shape is complicated and has ruggednesses and protrusions 14 and cavities 15 and 17 as shown in FIG. After this molded product is dried, it is completed by putting it in a furnace for baking roof tiles or bricks and baking it. In this way, the heat insulating member having a complicated outer shape manufactured by the same method as the method for manufacturing roof tiles and bricks is referred to as a brick heat insulating member in the present specification.

A mold may be used instead of the extrusion molding. FIG. 3 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a heat insulating member formed by a mold, and the through cavities 20a, 20b, 20c are open. That is, the cavity 20a penetrating in the left-right direction, the cavity 20b in the up-down direction, and the cavity 20 in the direction perpendicular to the paper surface.
c is open. Then, these three-direction cavities communicate with each other at the positions shown. The outer surface is uneven, and the tip 21 of the convex portion is sharp.

4 and 5 are longitudinal sectional views illustrating the method for manufacturing the heat insulating member. FIG. 4 is a state in which the molds for molding are disassembled, and FIG. 5 is a state in which the molds are combined. The mold is composed of left and right side plates, front and rear side plates, a bottom plate and a lid plate. That is, the left side plate 22a and the right side plate 22b
Are opposed to each other, and the upper lid plate 23a and the lower bottom plate 23b
And are facing each other. Further, the front side plate 24a and the rear side plate 24b face each other.

The left and right side plates 22a and 22b are
A hole 26 through which the rod 25 in the left-right direction penetrates is opened, and a hole 28 through which a rod 27 in the up-down direction penetrates is formed in the lid plate 23a and the bottom plate 23b. Further, the rods 29 in the front-rear direction are attached to the side plates 24a, 24b in the front-rear direction.
There is an opening 30 through which the

In order to mold a heat insulating member with this apparatus, first, as shown in FIG. 4, the rod 2 in the left-right direction is attached to the left side plate 22a.
5 is inserted, and the bottom plate 23b is provided with a vertical rod 27.
And the rod 28 in the front-rear direction is inserted into the front side plate 24a. Then, first, the rod 2 in the left-right direction
5 is inserted into the hole 26 of the right side plate 22b, and then the front end of the rod 29 in the front-rear direction is attached to the rear side plate 2.
It is inserted in the hole 30 of 4b.

Then, the bottom plate 23b, into which the vertical rod 27 is inserted, is attached to the front, rear, left and right side plates 24a, 24b, 22.
When the clay is filled from above, the lid plate 23a is covered, and the upper end of the rod 27 is inserted into the hole 28 and pressed to mold, while being positioned below the a and 22b to form a container. The state shown in FIG. 5 is obtained.

After this, in the reverse order of the insertion, first the vertical rod 27 is pulled out downward, then the front-back rod 29 is pulled forward, and finally the left-right rod 25 is pulled left. Pull out. Then, remove the upper lid 23a,
When the front, rear, left and right side plates 24a, 24b, 22a, 22b are removed, the heat insulating member formed of clay remains on the bottom plate 23b.

After drying the heat insulating member in the clay state,
When fired in a furnace, a brick or a heat insulating member having a hardness similar to that of a tile is completed. When molding with clay, by mixing debris such as pottery, roof tiles, stones, and concrete, and sand into the clay as aggregate, waste can be effectively used and a low-cost heat insulating member can be obtained.

The clay may be molded and fired in this manner to form a heat insulating member having a complicated shape. Alternatively, the clay may be molded using concrete or slag and cured to be manufactured. It is also possible to cut out stones from a mountain, crush the stones to an appropriate size, and then open a through hole.

A flat roof is suitable for the roof on which the heat insulating member is spread, but it can also be applied to a roof with a slope if the slope is small. In addition to concrete roofs, it is also applicable to tonta roofing and slate roofing.

[0039]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, since the heat insulating member has a large number of protrusions on the outer surface thereof and the contact area between the heat insulating member and the roof is small, heat conduction to the roof can be effectively suppressed. . Further, since the heat insulating member itself has irregularities and cavities and has a large surface area, and has cavities that communicate with the outside air, and that ventilation is good, the heat insulating member itself has excellent heat dissipation properties and an effective temperature rise can be suppressed. The air flowing through the gap between the heat insulating member and the roof also effectively dissipates heat from the heat insulating member itself and the roof. Therefore, by using this heat insulating member, the temperature rise in the attic and the room can be suppressed, and the electricity bill for cooling can be saved.

The heat insulating member as described above can be manufactured easily and with high yield by the method of claim 2, and since waste can be reused as aggregate, the heat insulating member can be provided at an extremely low cost.

When the heat insulating member according to claim 1 or the natural stone having the same shape or a mixture of the heat insulating member and the natural stone is laid on the roof, the heat insulating member or the natural heat insulating member is spread. Due to the effect of heat conduction and heat dissipation by stones, the temperature rise in the attic or the room due to direct sunlight can be suppressed.

Further, since the heat insulating member and the natural stone are simply placed on the roof, the laying work is easy and the work can be completed in a short time, and the heat insulating member itself is inexpensive, and the construction cost can be reduced. Becomes Further, since the heat insulating member has a complicated outer shape, adjacent heat insulating members are engaged with each other and are caught,
It also has the effect that it is difficult to be blown off by strong winds.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view illustrating the entire contents of a heat insulating member for a roof and a heat insulating structure for a roof according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a method of manufacturing a heat insulating member by extrusion molding of clay in the order of steps.

FIG. 3 is a vertical cross-sectional view illustrating a heat insulating member formed by a mold.

FIG. 4 is an exploded vertical sectional view of a mold.

FIG. 5 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a state in which molds are combined and molded.

FIG. 6 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a flat roof illustrating a conventional heat insulating structure.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Heat insulating layer 3 Roof slab 5 Waterproof layer 6 Pressed concrete 11 Heat insulating member according to the present invention 12, 15, 17 Cavities 13, 14 Protrusion 16 Punch 18 Cutters 20a, 20b, 20c Through cavity 21 Tip of convex portion 22a Left side plate 22b Right side Side plate 23a lid plate 23b bottom plate 24a front side plate 24b back side plate 25 left and right rod 27 vertical rod 29 front and rear rod 26, 28, 30 hole through which rod passes

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A roof, which is made of a rigid body such as a fired product of clay, concrete, stone, etc., and has a large surface area by forming irregularities and cavities communicating with the outside air, and has a large number of protrusions formed on the outer surface. Heat insulation member. 2. A method for manufacturing a heat insulating member for a roof, which comprises molding the clay into a shape having irregularities and cavities communicating with the outside air, and having a large number of protrusions on the outer surface, and firing the molded article. 3. A heat insulating member, which is made of a clay fired product, concrete, a rigid body such as stone, and has a large surface area by forming cavities that communicate with irregularities and the outside air, and also has a large number of protrusions formed on the outer surface, or irregularities. A heat insulating structure for a roof, characterized in that a natural stone having a cavity communicating with the outside air and having a large number of protrusions on the outer surface, or a mixture of the heat insulating member and the natural stone is spread over the roof.