JPH0881291A - Liquid fertilizer containing fish extract - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To obtain a fish extract-containing liquid fertilizer hardly putrefied without adding a sterilizer and without concentrating the solution into a high concentration by adding an organic acid to a fish-containing solution to control the pH of the solution to <= a specific pH. CONSTITUTION: Raw fishes in an amount of >=78wt.% are charged in a water- charged cooker as such or after finely ground, boiled until water-soluble components reach approximately its saturation point, and subsequently press- filtered. The filtrate is centrifuged to separate the solid contents. The pH of the produced fish soup containing 3-4% of the fish extract is controlled to <=5.7 with a 1-10C organic acid. The soup is, if necessary, mixed with other fertilizer components, physiological substances, agrochemicals, surfactants, etc., to obtain the objective liquid fertilizer.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a liquid fertilizer containing a fish extract.

[0002]

Description of the Prior Art Fish extract is contained in fish broth and is used as, for example, feed and organic fertilizer. However, if the boiled soup is put on the distribution channel without any consideration, it will rot and the quality will change, and the product value will decrease due to a foul odor. As a method for effectively preventing the spoilage of the broth, it is possible to add a chemically synthesized bactericide, but when the broth is used as feed or organic fertilizer, such a bactericide is added. Is not preferable. For this reason, in practice, the water in the broth is evaporated to a high concentration (eg, 1
7 times or more) to prevent corruption.
However, the production of a high-concentration concentrated solution containing this fish extract requires a long time and requires a very large amount of heat, which causes a problem of high production cost.

[0003]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a liquid fertilizer containing a fish extract which is not easily spoiled without the addition of a chemically synthesized bactericide or without being concentrated to a high concentration. Is.

[0004]

Means for Solving the Problems As a result of investigations for solving the above problems, the present inventors have found that broth prepared by adding an organic acid to a solution containing fish extract so as to have a specific pH or less. However, they have found that they can be used as feeds and organic fertilizers that are practically excellent and do not easily spoil in the distribution stage of broth without adding a bactericide or concentrating to a high concentration. Also, the added organic acid itself can be expected to have an effect as feed or fertilizer.

The present invention provides a pH of 5.
It is a liquid fertilizer containing a fish extract characterized by being adjusted to 7 or less.

The present invention will be described in more detail below. In the liquid fertilizer containing the fish extract of the present invention, the solution obtained from fish broth has a pH of 5.7 or less (preferably pH 5.7 to 4.8, more preferably pH 5.5) by the addition of an organic acid.
.About.5.0). As a result of the addition of the organic acid, the liquid fertilizer containing the fish extract of the present invention usually has a p-value even when kept at 45 ° C. in the air for 6 days after the production.
The increase rate of H is suppressed to 2.5% or less, and the increase rate of the content of volatile basic nitrogen is suppressed to 13% or less.

[0007] The fish used as a raw material of the fish extract in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is a fish to be used for food or feed fertilizer, but preferably red fish (bonito,
Sardines, horse mackerel, etc.). Boiled fish is, for example, raw fish in a cooker containing water so that the content is 78% by weight or more, and whole or finely crushed, and boiled until the water-eluting component reaches a substantially saturated amount, After that, press and filter using a press such as a screw press,
Then, it can be prepared by separating the solid matter (fish meal) and the fish broth by centrifugation.

The fish broth thus obtained has a pH of
Is usually about 6 and contains 3 to 4% (as a solid) of fish extract. And the main component of the solid is
Protein is 30 to 75%, oil is 6 to 10%, and other ash is 10 to 25%. The fish broth can be obtained as a commercially available product that is concentrated (for example, about 17 times concentrated, having a solid content of about 52% and a pH of about 6).

The liquid fertilizer containing the fish extract of the present invention contains organic acid in an amount such that spoilage of fish can prevent spoilage. When concentrated, if necessary, the degree of concentration is the above-mentioned commercial products. The closer to the degree of concentration, the smaller the amount of organic acid required can be reduced. The organic acid can be added before or after boiling, before or after filtering the insoluble substance, etc., as long as the organic acid is not decomposed and disappears, but in practice, it is preferably after boiling and filtering.

Examples of the organic acid include carboxylic acids having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, but 2 carbon atoms.
It is preferable to use ~ 6 organic acids (acetic acid, oxalic acid, succinic acid, citric acid, tartaric acid, malic acid, fumaric acid, itaconic acid, etc.). These organic acids can be produced by a fermentation method, and their culture filtrate (or culture waste liquid).
Contains organic acids as well as unused amino acids, sugars, proteins, vitamins, minerals and other fertilizing components, so the culture filtrate (or culture waste solution) containing these organic acids obtained by the fermentation method Is more preferably used. In particular, citric acid and itaconic acid culture waste liquor contains a large amount of fertilizing components in addition to those organic acids, and on the other hand, its effective utilization is hardly known, and therefore, these culture waste liquors are used in the present invention. It is preferably used for the addition of organic acids. It is known that the organic acid obtained by the fermentation method has a very low toxicity to fish and shellfish (classified as Group A by the test method by the Ministry of International Trade and Industry) and has extremely high safety.

When the organic acid has an effective antiseptic effect in a solution containing fish extract, the addition amount is 1) and 2) shown below.
It is preferable to make adjustments so as to simultaneously satisfy the various condition values. 1) The initial pH of the solution containing the fish extract (immediately after the production of the liquid fertilizer containing the fish extract of the present invention) is pH 5.7 or less (preferably pH 5.7 to 4.8, more preferably pH 5.
5 to 5.0). 2) After the production of the liquid fertilizer containing the fish extract of the present invention, the rate of increase in pH of the solution containing the fish extract is 2.5% or less (preferably 2.2% or less) when kept at 45 ° C. in the air for 6 days. , And more preferably 2.0%), and the increase rate of the content of volatile basic nitrogen (hereinafter also referred to as VBN) in the solution containing fish extract is 13% or less (preferably 12%). Or less, more preferably 11.5% or less).

Next, a typical organic acid will be described in detail with regard to its addition amount. In the case of acetic acid, add it so that the initial pH is 5.6 or less, and adjust the pH under the above conditions.
Is preferably 1.0% or less and the content of volatile basic nitrogen is 13% or less.
Usually, the amount of acetic acid added to the liquid fertilizer is 0.35% by weight or more.

In the case of oxalic acid, the initial pH is 5.15.
It is preferable to add the following components so that the rate of increase in pH under the above conditions is 2.5% or less and the rate of increase in the content of volatile basic nitrogen is 13% or less. , Especially when the initial pH is 5.1 or less, the rate of increase in pH is 2.2.
% Or less, and the increase rate of the content of volatile basic nitrogen is preferably 5% or less. Usually, the amount of oxalic acid added to the liquid fertilizer is 0.45% by weight or more.

In the case of succinic acid, it is added so that the initial pH is 5.5 or less, and the rate of pH increase is 2.5% or less and the content of volatile basic nitrogen is less than the above conditions. It is preferable that the rate of increase be 13% or less, but especially when the initial pH is 5.5 or less, the rate of pH increase is 2.0% or less, and the rate of increase in the content of volatile basic nitrogen is 10% or less. % Or less is preferable. Usually, the amount of succinic acid added to the liquid fertilizer is 0.45% by weight or more.

In the case of itaconic acid, the initial pH is 5.4.
It is preferable to add the following components so that the rate of increase in pH under the above conditions is 2.5% or less and the rate of increase in the content of volatile basic nitrogen is 13% or less. , Especially when the initial pH is 5.3 or less, the rate of increase in pH is 2.0
% Or less, and the increase rate of the content of volatile basic nitrogen is preferably 10% or less. Usually, the addition amount of itaconic acid to liquid fertilizer is 0.25% by weight or more.

In the case of citric acid, it is added so that the initial pH is 5.3 or less, the rate of pH increase is 2.5% or less under the above conditions, and the content of volatile basic nitrogen is It is preferable that the increase rate of is 13% or less,
Especially when the initial pH is set to 5.27 or less, the rate of increase in pH is 1.0% or less, and the rate of increase in the content of volatile basic nitrogen is 5%.
% Or less is preferable. Usually, the amount of citric acid added to the liquid fertilizer is 0.55% by weight or more.

The liquid fertilizer of the present invention thus obtained does not easily rot even when kept in the air at 45 ° C. for 6 days, and no gas generated by the rot is observed. is there. Therefore, under normal distribution and storage conditions, spoilage and accompanying gas hardly occur.

As the volatile basic nitrogen generated from fish extract, ammonia, methylamine, ethylamine and the like can be mentioned, and the amount thereof is the feed safety law manual (supervised by the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Livestock Bureau, Distribution Feed Division). According to the feed analysis standard method described in 1), magnesium oxide was added to a part of the solution obtained by diluting the analyzed feed with a certain amount of water, and silicon was added as an antifoaming agent, and the protein determination method described in the above manual was added. It can be calculated by distillation and titration according to the above.

The liquid fertilizer containing the fish extract of the present invention contains other fertilizer components (urea, ammonium sulfate, ammonium phosphorus, oxamide, isobutylidene diurea, crotylidene urea,
Nitrogen fertilizer such as ureaform, potassium carbonate, potassium chloride,
Potassium fertilizer such as potassium sulfate, ammonium phosphate, phosphate fertilizer such as monocalcium phosphate, chemical fertilizer such as magnesium sulfate, manganese sulfate, boric acid, ferrous sulfate, water extract of palm ash, etc.), physiologically active substance ( Growth regulators such as growth promoters and growth inhibitors), microbial material extracts, pesticides (herbicides, insecticides, acaricides, nematicides, etc.), surfactants (carboxymethylcellulose, sugar fatty acid esters, etc.) Can be used by mixing them in the required amount and diluting to an appropriate concentration.

Applicable crops of the liquid fertilizer containing the fish extract of the present invention are not particularly limited, and examples thereof include horticultural crops such as rice, wheat, vegetables in general, flowers and the like, fruit trees, tea trees, grasses, lawns and the like. .

[0021]

EXAMPLES The present invention will be specifically described below with reference to examples and examples. In each example, "%" means "% by weight" unless otherwise specified.

Reference Example 1 [Preparation of boiled fish broth] Skipjack (33 kg,
Composition: water content 64%, solid matter 31%, oil content 5%) was finely crushed and put in, boiled for 40 minutes, squeezed and filtered using a screw press, and the filtrate was centrifuged to remove solid matter. Then water (1.2 L) was added to the filtrate,
Boil for 40 minutes and centrifuge to remove the upper layer fish oil by suction,
After filtering with a filter cloth to obtain fish broth (28 L) containing 3.5% of solid content, this broth was dried under reduced pressure for about 8 times.
Concentrated twice. The boiled fish broth thus obtained is p
H was 5.95, the protein content was 40%, and the other ash content was 12.2%.

Reference Example 2 [Preparation of Itaconic Acid Solution by Fermentation Method] A shake flask (capacity: 150 mL) was charged with a medium (150 m).
L) [Glucose (12%), ammonium nitrate (0.3
%), Corn steep liquor (0.2%) and MgS
O ₄ · 7H ₂ O containing (0.08%)] of aliquots autoclaved (120 ° C., 20 minutes) and then, itaconic acid producing bacterium A
sp. Terreus was inoculated and shake-cultured at 30 ° C. for 2 days. The obtained culture solution (3 L) was added to a stainless steel fermenter (volume:
(100 L) and aerated and agitated at 30 ° C. (tank pressure: 1 Kg / cm ² , aeration: 50 L / min). After the completion of the culture, the culture solution was filtered to remove the cells and other solids. A filtrate was obtained. The obtained culture filtrate was then concentrated under reduced pressure and cooled (4 ° C., 1 day) to give a crystal slurry. This crystal slurry was filtered, and the obtained filtrate was again decompressed / concentrated and cooled in the same manner as above to cool the itaconic acid culture filtrate (10 L, itaconic acid concentration: 20% by weight / volume,
pH 3.3-3.5) was obtained.

Example 1 [Liquid fertilizer containing fish extract] (1) Production of liquid fertilizer prepared by using acetic acid Acetic acid (0.4 g) was added to fish broth (100 mL) which was concentrated to about 8 times that of Reference Example 1. A liquid fertilizer (pH 5.50, acetic acid addition amount: 0.4%) was obtained by adding and dissolving.

(2) Production of liquid fertilizer prepared by using oxalic acid In the above (1), oxalic acid (0.5
liquid fertilizer (pH 5.0)
0, the amount of oxalic acid added: 0.5%) was produced.

(3) Production of Liquid Fertilizer Prepared Using Succinic Acid In the above (1), succinic acid (0.5
liquid fertilizer (pH 5.4) in the same manner except that g) was used.
5, succinic acid addition amount: 0.5%) was produced.

(4) Production of liquid fertilizer prepared using citric acid In the above (1), citric acid (0.6
liquid fertilizer (pH 5.2) was used in the same manner except that g) was used.
5, the addition amount of citric acid: 0.6%) was produced.

(5) Production of Liquid Fertilizer Prepared Using Itaconic Acid The same as in (1) above, except that the itaconic acid culture filtrate (1.5 mL) obtained in Reference Example 2 was used in place of acetic acid. And liquid fertilizer (pH 5.35, itaconic acid addition amount:
0.3%).

(6) Production of liquid fertilizer prepared using itaconic acid In the above (1), itaconic acid (0.4 g) was used instead of acetic acid.
A liquid fertilizer (pH 5.23, itaconic acid addition amount: 0.4%) was produced in the same manner except that was used.

Example 2 [Rotation test] Each liquid fertilizer (200 mL) prepared in Example 1
Place each in a beaker and open at 45 ° C for 6
Left for days. At the same time, broth to which no organic acid was added was left under the same conditions for comparison. The results of these decay tests are shown in Table 1 by the change in pH and the rate of increase thereof, the rate of increase in the amount of volatile basic nitrogen (abbreviated as VBN), and the presence or absence of generation of bubbles due to decay gas.

[0031]

[Table 1] ──────────────────────────────────── Organic acid pH change pH VBN decay Gas antiseptic (addition amount) (Starting → 6th day) Rise rate Rise effect of rise rate ────────────────────────────── ─────── Acetic acid 5.50 → 10.4% None (0.4%) 5.45 −0.9% ────────────────── ────────────────── Oxalic acid 5.00 → 3.3% None (0.5%) 5.10 2.0% ──────── ───────────────────────────── Succinic acid 5.45 → 9.0% None (0.4%) 5.50 0.9% ──────────────────────────────────── QUEE Acid 5.25 → 0.4% None (0.6%) 5.25 0.0% ─────────────────────────── ────────── Itaconic acid 5.35 → 11.5% None (0.3%) 5.40 0.9% ──────────────── ───────────────────── Itaconic acid 5.23 → 5.0% None (0.4%) 5.20 −0.6% ─── ───────────────────────────────── Additive-free 5.95 → 3878% Yes No (0%) 7.10 19.3% ────────────────────────────────────

[0032]

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY Since the liquid fertilizer containing the fish extract of the present invention has an increased antiseptic effect by adding an organic acid so as to have a specific pH value, it is preserved by a chemically synthesized bactericide. No need. Further, the liquid fertilizer containing the fish extract of the present invention does not need to be concentrated to a high concentration and can be easily produced. Further, the effect of the added organic acid itself as a fertilizer can be expected.

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Noriaki Takei 2-93-6 Kukushima, Omura-shi, Nagasaki Honkoji A-104 (72) Inventor Takashi Nomura Obe Uki, Ube City 104 Ube, Katamata No. 1 Ube Industries Co., Ltd. Tokiwa Branch Office (72) Inventor Shuhei Imabashi 8-1 Aioi-cho, Ube-shi, Yamaguchi Prefecture Ube Industries Co., Ltd. Ube-Kosan Building (72) Inventor Hisashi Sazuki 8 Aioi-cho, Ube-shi, Yamaguchi Prefecture No. 1 Ube Industries Co., Ltd. Ube Industries Building

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A liquid fertilizer containing a fish extract, which is adjusted to a pH of 5.7 or less by adding an organic acid.