JPH0868073A - Excavating method of nonuniform sectional underground pit - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To improve workability by detecting the place of excavation, the quantity of an adjusting guide expanded and contracted and the inclination of an excavator body during excavation operation and adjusting each quantity of the adjusting guide and a cutter drum expanded and contracted on the basis of the results of detection. CONSTITUTION: Cutter drums 13, in which pairs of drum components 13a are separated and elongated, are rotated, and an excavator body 11 is lowered and the ground is excavated up to specified depth. Adjusting guides 12 mounted on the side face of the main body 11 are extended, and abutted against the inwall of an excavated pit. Information detected by a position sensing means 14, displacement detecting means 15 and an inclination detecting means 16 and the quantities of expansion arms 18 stretched are transmitted to a control tit 17. A place is decided, the quantities of the guides 12 elongated are adjusted, the place is corrected, and excavation is continued while the position and posture of the main body 11 are controlled similarly. The cutters 13 are shrunk at the place of a sectional change and the ground is excavated, and the position and posture of the main body II are controlled similarly. Accordingly, the ground can be excavated efficiently with high accuracy, and operation can be simplified.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an excavating method used for excavating an underground hole, which is carried out prior to a construction operation of a continuous underground wall or the like, and particularly, the hole width changes in the depth direction. The present invention relates to an excavation method applied to excavation of a ground hole with a variable cross section.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, when excavating an underground hole having a different cross section in the depth direction, generally, an excavator having a large excavation width is used to excavate to a predetermined depth, and then an excavator having a small excavation width. There is known a technique for excavating a narrow hole by replacing it with. By the way, with such a technique, since excavation work must be performed by exchanging a plurality of excavators, there is a problem that the work is extremely complicated and causes a rise in equipment cost. are doing. Further, if the construction site is a narrow place, the work space is limited, so that the work becomes more complicated.

Moreover, according to the above-mentioned technique, only an excavator having an excavation width smaller than the width of the previously excavated underground hole can be inserted.
There is also a problem that only an underground hole having a narrow cross section at the bottom can be excavated, and the sectional shape of the excavable underground hole is limited. Further, in order to maintain the posture of the excavator during excavation, it is possible to suppress the change in posture of the excavator with respect to the inner wall of the underground hole by projecting the support member from the excavator and contacting the inner wall of the underground hole. However, when continuously excavating underground holes with different hole widths, the posture of the excavator changes as the distance between the excavator and the inner wall of the underground hole changes as the excavation progresses. The retention is incomplete.

On the other hand, in the past, an excavator capable of coping with such a defect is, for example, an actual Kaihei 4-1254.
It is proposed in Japanese Patent No. 2 publication. As shown in Figure 1,
The excavator 1 includes an excavator main body 2 and a plurality of cutter drums 3 provided below the excavator main body 2, and the cutter drums 3 approach each other in the rotation axis direction thereof. It is configured to be separable. Further, on the side portion of the excavator main body 2, adjustment guides 4 capable of expanding and contracting in a direction orthogonal to the excavation direction are provided at a plurality of positions at intervals in the excavation direction.
Is brought into contact with the inner wall of the excavated underground hole, thereby suppressing the change in the distance between the inner wall of the underground hole and the excavator main body 2 and positioning the excavator main body 2. ing.

The procedure for excavating underground holes having different cross-sectional shapes by the excavator 1 will be described below. First, as shown in FIG. 1A, both cutter drums 3 are rotated in a state where they are close to each other, thereby excavating a narrow underground hole A. After excavating the narrow underground hole A to a predetermined depth, while rotating both cutter drums 3, as shown by an arrow (a) in FIG. By moving, the width of the underground hole is enlarged as shown in FIG.

From this, the wide underground hole B is excavated to a predetermined depth. In this excavator 1, as shown in FIG. 1 (b), both cutter drums are used to increase the excavation width. In the state where 3 are separated, a gap is generated between both cutter drums 3, and excavation in this gap portion cannot be performed. Therefore, as excavation continues, the excavator main body 2 contacts the ground in the gap portion. Doing so hinders digging. Therefore, after expanding the excavation width from the state shown in FIG. 7A, both cutter drums 3 are moved so as to approach again as shown by the arrow (B) in FIG. As shown in Fig. 1, both cutter drums 3 are positioned at the closest position, and in this state,
As shown by the arrow (c) in (c), narrow excavation is performed at a predetermined depth (for example, the depth corresponding to the diameter of the cutter drum 3), and then, with the excavation position in the depth direction being held, The wide underground hole B is excavated below the narrow underground hole A by sequentially repeating the operation of moving the cutter drums 3 apart and advancing in the width direction.

When excavating the above-mentioned wide underground hole B, the plurality of adjustment guides 4 are brought into contact with the inner wall of the underground hole A at the initial stage of excavation, and the posture of the excavator main body 2 is changed. Retained. Then, as the excavation progresses, the adjustment guide 4 located at the lower side of the excavation moves to the wide underground hole B.
When the adjustment guides 4 are further extended at the time when they are advanced to, the tips of the adjustment guides 4 are brought into contact with the inner wall of the wide underground hole B, whereby the excavator main body 2
Is supported.

[0008]

With such a conventional excavator 1, it has become possible to excavate an underground hole having a relatively free cross-sectional shape. However, as mentioned above, the excavation width is increased. In this case, both cutter drums 3 have to be reciprocally moved while excavating, and the operation is troublesome, and in order to make the excavation width uniform, the movement of the cutter drums 3 is required. There arises a new problem that the distance must be controlled with high accuracy. When the cutter drum 3 is moved in such a direction that the two approach each other, the excavation is hardly performed, so that the excavation efficiency decreases.

Further, since the excavation depth cannot be accurately known, it is impossible to accurately set the enlarged position of the hole width, and the excavator body 2 and the ground which are regulated by the respective adjustment guides 4 are grounded. Since the distance between the inner hole and the inner wall cannot be accurately grasped, there is also a problem that the posture control of the excavator main body 2 becomes rough.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art. The excavation width can be surely changed without lowering the excavation efficiency, and the attitude control of the excavator is highly accurate. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for excavating a ground hole of variable cross section that can be performed in

[0011]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, a method of excavating a variable cross-section underground hole according to the first aspect of the present invention is provided, in particular, with an excavator main body and an excavator of the excavator main body. Cutter drum that is mounted on the front side in the direction of the hole and is expandable / contractible in the hole width direction of the underground hole, and a plurality of expandable / contractible adjustment guides provided on the outer peripheral portion of the excavator body at intervals in the circumferential direction and the excavating direction. A displacement detection means provided between the adjustment guide and the excavator body for detecting the displacement amount of the adjustment guide, a position detection means for detecting the excavation position of the excavator body, and an inclination of the excavator body. Using an excavator equipped with an inclination detecting means for detecting the displacement detecting means, the position detecting means,
Further, the excavation is performed while controlling the expansion and contraction amounts of the adjustment guide and the cutter drum based on the detection signal from the inclination detecting means.

[0012]

According to the method of excavating a ground hole having a variable cross section according to the first aspect of the present invention, the excavator main body is pressed against the ground by its own weight while the cutter drum is rotating, so that the excavator main body The ground below is sequentially excavated. Further, since the cutter drum can be expanded and contracted when the excavation width is expanded, the non-excavated portion of the cutter drum at the time of extension is eliminated, and excavation is performed while maintaining the extended state. Further, during the excavation work, the excavation position is detected by the position detection means, the expansion / contraction amount of the adjustment guide is detected by the displacement detection means, and
The inclination of the excavator body is continuously detected by the inclination detecting means. And based on these detection results,
The amount of expansion and contraction of the adjustment guide and the amount of expansion and contraction of the cutter drum are adjusted. Therefore, the widening position is set according to the position information detected by the position detecting means, and the detection signals from the tilt detecting means and the displacement detecting means
By detecting the tilted state of the excavator body and the relative position of the underground hole with respect to the excavation bottom surface, and adjusting the expansion and contraction amount of the cutter drum and the adjustment guide based on these detection results,
Attitude control of the excavator body is performed.

[0013]

EXAMPLES An example of the present invention will be described below.
First, an excavation device for suitably implementing the excavation method of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4 to 7.

In FIG. 3, reference numeral 10 denotes an excavator, and the excavator 10 has an excavator main body 11 formed in a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape.
And a plurality of adjustment guides 12 mounted on the side of the excavator body 11 so as to be capable of expanding and contracting in the horizontal direction, and the excavator body 1
A pair of cutter drums 13 rotatably attached to the lower end of 1 and expandable / contractible in the direction of the rotation axis, and a position detector 14 for suspending the excavator body 11 and detecting the position of the excavator body 11. , The adjustment guides 12
Displacement detecting means 15 for detecting the amount of expansion and contraction, inclination detecting means 16 attached to the excavator body 11 for detecting the inclination thereof, and each of these detecting means are electrically connected and each detecting Based on the detection signal from the means,
It has a schematic configuration including a control unit 17 for controlling the expansion / contraction amount of the cutter drum 13 and the expansion / contraction amount of the adjustment guide 12.

More specifically, each of the adjustment guides 12 will be described.
Is a telescopic arm 18 slidably attached to the excavator main body 11 along a horizontal direction, that is, a direction toward the inner wall surface of the underground hole C, and is integrally attached to the tip of the telescopic arm 18. , With the extension of the telescopic arm 18,
It is configured by a guide plate 19 that is brought into contact with the inner wall surface of the underground hole C.

In this embodiment, the adjustment guides 12 are provided on the pair of parallel side surfaces of the excavator body 11 at intervals along the length direction of the excavator body 11, that is, the excavation direction. It is provided in the place. After that, the pair of adjustment guides 12 provided in the front in the excavation direction are provided at the lower adjustment guide 12a, the pair of adjustment guides 12 provided at the rear in the excavation direction are provided at the upper adjustment guide 12b, and in the middle of these. The paired adjustment guides 12 are referred to as an intermediate adjustment guide 12c.

The excavator main body 11 has a structure in which the rotary axes of the cutter drums 13 are coaxial with each other, and the rotary axes of the cutter drums 13 are parallel to the extending / contracting direction of the extending / contracting arm 18 of the adjusting guide 12. Is attached to.

Explaining these cutter drums 13 in detail, these drum cutters 13 are composed of a pair of drum components 13a, 13a, as shown in FIGS. Then, on the peripheral wall portion of each of these drum constituents 13a, a discontinuous portion 13b opened at one end in the rotation axis direction and a protrusion 13c extending in the rotation axis direction.
And are alternately formed at a predetermined interval in the rotation direction,
The cutter drum 13 is formed into a substantially comb-like shape, and the protruding portion 13c of the one drum component 13a is slidably fitted to the discontinuous portion 13b of the other drum component 13a so that the cutter drum 13 has a cylindrical shape. Formed on the outer surface of the drum structure 13a including the protrusions 13c,
The excavation bit 20 is attached integrally.

Further, each of the cutter drums 13 is rotatably attached to a support block 21 vertically provided at a lower portion of the excavator body 11, and a hydraulic pump (provided on the excavator body 11 is The rotation of (not shown) is transmitted to each cutter drum 13 via a power transmission mechanism incorporated in the support block 21, so that each cutter drum 13 is rotationally driven.

On the other hand, of the drum constituents 13a constituting each of the cutter drums 13, one of the drum constituents 13a located on the side of the support block 21 is relatively moved in the rotation axis direction with respect to the support block 21. The drum structure 13a is attached in a restrained state, and the other drum structure 13a is mounted on the one drum structure 13a so as to be relatively movable in the rotation axis direction (see FIG. 5).

A guide mechanism 22 for restraining the relative rotation around the rotation axis and a telescopic mechanism 23 for performing relative movement in the rotation axis direction are provided between the both drum constituents 13a. .

As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the guide mechanism 22 is provided in parallel with the rotation axis of the cutter drum 13 and is integrally attached to the inner wall of the one drum structure 13a. 24 and a slide rod 2 which is integrally attached to the inside of the other drum structure 13a and slidably fitted in the guide pipe 24.
In this embodiment, an extension / contraction sensor 26 for measuring the sliding amount of the guide pipe 24 and the sliding rod 25, that is, the extension / contraction amount of the cutter drum 13, is provided in the present embodiment. It is installed. The expansion / contraction sensor 26 is electrically connected to the control unit 17 via an electric cable (not shown), and sends the measurement result to the control unit 17 as an electric signal.

As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the expansion / contraction mechanism 23 includes a bolt 27 fixed to the rotation center of the other drum component (movable drum component) 13a, and the support. The drive nut 29 is rotatably attached to the block 21 via a bearing 28 and has the bolt 27 screwed thereinto, a drive shaft 30 for rotationally driving the drive nut 29, and rotation of the drive shaft 30. It is constituted by a gear group 31 which is transmitted to the drive nut 29.

The gear group 31 includes a pair of bevel gears 31a.
The bevel gear 31a that is configured by 31b and is fixed to the drive shaft 30 is disengaged from the other bevel gear 31b by being moved along with the drive shaft 30 in the axial direction. It is like this. Therefore, the gear group 31
The rotation of the drive shaft 30 is transmitted to the drive nut 29 by the engagement of the drive shaft 30 and the other drum component 13a is moved for expansion and contraction.
When the meshed state is released by sliding, the cutter drum 13, the bolt 27, and the drive nut 29 can be integrally rotated.

The drive shaft 30 is adapted to be selectively rotated in both forward and reverse directions by driving means such as a hydraulic pump provided in the excavator body 11, and an actuator such as a hydraulic cylinder. It can be moved back and forth in the axial direction.

Further, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, a liquid jet nozzle 32 constituting a cleaning device is provided at the lower end of the excavator body 11 so that both the drum constructions are formed. Facing the fitting part of 13a,
Cleaning water is sprayed on this fitting portion.

Next, the excavator 10 constructed as described above.
Along with the action of, the excavation method of the present invention will be described based on the processing flow shown in FIG. In addition, in the following description, an example of excavating the underground hole C in which the upper side is wide and the lower side is narrowed will be described.

First, the excavator 10 is lifted by a crane, and the telescopic mechanism 23 is operated to separate the two drum constituents 13a so that each cutter drum 13 has the maximum extension length. Such extension of the cutter drum 13 causes the drive shaft 30 of the expansion / contraction mechanism 23 to slide in the axial direction so that the bevel gear 31a fixed to the tip of the drive shaft 30 meshes with the bevel gear 31b fixed to the bolt 27. In this state, the drive shaft 30 is rotated in the direction shown by the arrow (d) in FIG. 6, and the drive nut 29 is rotated as shown by the arrow (e) in the figure. .

That is, since the rotation of the bolt 27 about its axis is restricted, the drive nut 2 described above is used.
The rotation of 9 causes it to be moved axially with respect to the drive nut 29, so that the other drum structure 13a, as shown by the arrow (f) in FIG.
It is moved in a direction away from a. Then, the relative movement amount of both drum components 13a is detected by the expansion / contraction sensor 26, so that the movement amount of the other drum component 13a, that is, the extension amount of the cutter drum 13 is detected, and this extension amount is a predetermined value. When the drive shaft 30 is moved in the opposite direction at the time point, the engagement between the bevel gears 31a and 31b is released, and the relative rotation between the drive nut 29 and the bolt 27 is stopped, and
The cutter drum 13 is held at a predetermined extension amount as shown in FIGS.

On the other hand, when the cutter drum 13 is extended as described above, the projecting portion 13c is pulled out from the discontinuous portion 13b formed in the drum structure 13a, whereby the discontinuous portion 13b is opened. . However, since the protruding portions 13c are located on both sides of the opened discontinuous portion 13b in the rotation direction of the cutter drum 13, and the excavating bit 20 is attached to the surface of the protruding portions 13c. By the rotation of the cutter drum 13 described above, the opened discontinuous portion 1
Excavation is also performed on the ground facing 3b.

Therefore, it is possible to excavate over the entire length of the extended cutter drum 13, and the underground hole C having a large hole width is continuously excavated.

The cutter drum 1 in the stretched state
When the excavator main body 11 is lowered toward the excavation position while the 3 is rotated, each cutter drum 13 is brought into contact with the ground to start the initial excavation (step S1).

When this initial excavation is performed to a predetermined depth, the adjustment guides 12 installed on the side surface of the excavator body 11 are provided.
Are sequentially inserted from the lower side into the excavated underground hole C. As shown in FIG. 2, the lower adjustment guide 12a and the intermediate adjustment guide 12c are inserted according to the order in which these adjustment guides 12 are inserted. , And the upper adjustment guide 12b are sequentially expanded, and the respective guide plates 19 are brought into contact with the inner wall of the hole. Such initial excavation is performed until the excavator main body 11 is excavated to a position below the guide wall 33 installed at the mouth of the underground hole C, as shown in FIG.

Then, when this initial excavation is completed,
Position detecting means 14 is installed at the hole opening (step S
2) The detection wire 34 sent out by the position detecting means 14 is connected to the excavator main body 11 instead of the wire of the crane. In this state, all the adjustment guides 12 (12a, 12b, 12c) are extended so that each guide plate 19 is brought into contact with the inner wall of the underground hole C, and the position detecting means 14 and the excavator Body 11
The position information and the tilt information of the excavator main body 11 output from the displacement detection means 15 and the tilt detection means 16 provided in the
It is sent to the control unit 17.

Then, based on the detection signals from the position detecting means 14, the displacement detecting means 15 and the inclination detecting means 16 provided in the excavator main body 11, the excavator main body 11 is detected.
After the position is confirmed (step S3), the position is determined (step S4). As a result of the position determination in step S4, when it is determined that the position is not the set position, the process proceeds to step S5, and the position of the excavator main body 11 is corrected. This position correction operation is performed by individually adjusting the expansion amount of each of the adjustment guides 12 by feedback control using the detection signals from the position detection means 14, the displacement detection means 15, and the inclination detection means 16 as control signals. Done.

After such a position correcting operation is performed, the process proceeds to step S2 and subsequent steps, and the above-described correcting operation is performed until the excavator body 11 is positioned at the set position. It is repeated.

On the other hand, when it is confirmed in step S4 that the excavator main body 11 is set at the set position, the rotation of the cutter drum 13 is restarted, and
The excavation of the wide underground hole C is started by lowering the excavator body 11 by its own weight (step S
6). In such excavation, as shown in step S601, the extension amount of each adjustment guide 12 (12a, 12b, 12c) is adjusted based on the detection signals from the position detection means 14, the displacement detection means 15, and the inclination detection means 16. Is continuously performed, whereby the position and posture of the excavator body 11 during excavation are controlled.

Therefore, the excavator main body 11 is constantly excavated in a controlled state in a set posture, and excavation is performed along the entire length of the cutter drum 13 which is extended as described above. In addition, the wide underground hole C is excavated with high precision. Further, it is not necessary to repeatedly perform the expansion and contraction operation of the cutter drum 13, and the operation becomes simple.

When the excavator body 11 is advanced to the cross-section changing position by such excavation operation (step S
7), in the next step S8, the cutter drum 13
And the position adjustment of the excavator main body 11 in step S9 are performed in parallel.

This cross-section changing position is the position detecting means 1 described above.
4 is performed by detecting the feed amount of the detection wire 34, and when the position is reached, the position detection device 14
By stopping the sending of the detection wire 34 by the above, the excavator main body 11 is stopped at the cross section changing position. Therefore, the lowermost portion of the cutter drum 13 is accurately aligned with the cross-section changing depth position (see FIG. 8).

Further, the expansion / contraction amount of each of the adjustment guides 12 is individually adjusted by a command from the control unit 17 (step S90).
1), the excavator body 11 is accurately held at a set position in the direction orthogonal to the depth direction, and the inclination of the excavator body 11 is adjusted by individually controlling the expansion / contraction amount of each adjustment guide 12. . As a result, the contracted lowermost surface of the cutter drum 13 is adjusted in parallel to the plane orthogonal to the excavation direction, the positioning in the plane direction is performed, and the accurate setting of the excavation direction is performed. It Thereby, the excavation position of the narrow underground hole D to be excavated is set with high accuracy with respect to the wide underground hole C which has already been excavated.

As a result, the sending of the detection wire 34 by the position detecting means 14 is restarted, whereby the excavation of the narrow underground hole D is started as shown in FIG. 9 (step S10). Even when excavating such a narrow underground hole D, as shown in step S101, the adjustment guides 12 are expanded or contracted based on the detection signals from the position detection means 14, the displacement detection means 15, and the inclination detection means 16. The amount is continuously adjusted to control the attitude of the excavator body 11.

Although such excavation is carried out to a predetermined depth, as the excavation progresses, the lower adjustment guide 12
When a reaches the bottom of the wide underground hole C, the lower adjustment guide 12a is contracted so as to be able to enter the narrow underground hole D. Even at this time, the intermediate adjustment guide 12 is also contracted.
The posture of the excavator main body 11 is held by c and the upper adjustment guide 12c. And the lower adjustment guide 12a
By continuing excavation with the contracted state,
The lower adjusting guide 12a is inserted into the narrow underground hole D, and thereafter, the lower adjusting guide 12a is extended again, so that the guide plate 19 abuts on the inner wall of the underground hole D. As a result, the excavator main body 11 is supported. Further, as the excavation progresses, the intermediate adjustment guide 12 and the upper adjustment guide 12b are expanded and contracted in the same manner as the lower adjustment guide 12a described above, and as shown in FIG. It is inserted into the bore D. Thereafter, the excavation is continued by the same operation as that of the wide underground hole C, so that the narrow underground hole D is drilled to a predetermined depth as shown in FIG. 10.

On the other hand, when the cutter drum 13 is expanded and contracted as described above, it is conceivable that the excavated earth and sand enter the discontinuous portion 13b in the open state to hinder the relative movement of the both drum constituents 13a in the contracting direction. However,
In this embodiment, from the liquid jet nozzle 32 provided in the lower portion of the excavator main body 11 to the both drum constituents 13a.
By injecting the liquid into the fitting portion of, the earth and sand that have entered the discontinuous portion 13b are discharged, and by this,
A smooth relative movement of both drum components 13a is ensured.

As described above, according to the method for excavating the variable cross section underground hole according to the present embodiment, the position detecting means 14 for detecting the position of the excavator main body 11, the excavator main body 11 and the underground hole C (D).
Adjustment guides 12 (12
a, 12b, 12c), based on the detection signals from the displacement detection means 15 for detecting the amount of expansion and contraction thereof and the inclination detection means 16 for detecting the inclination of the excavator main body 11,
Since the amount of expansion and contraction of the adjustment guide 12 and the amount of expansion and contraction of the cutter drum 13 are controlled, not only the position and orientation of the excavator main body 11 are detected with high accuracy, but also these controls are executed with high accuracy. As a result, the underground hole C
(D) is excavated with high precision.

Further, by adopting a structure in which the cutter drum 13 can be expanded and contracted, it becomes possible to excavate the entire length of the cutter drum 13 during expansion, and when excavating the wide underground hole C, the expansion and contraction of the cutter drum 13 is repeated. There is no need.

Therefore, not only the operation of the excavator 10 is simplified, but also the non-excavation time zone during the operation of the excavator 10 is almost eliminated, and the excavation efficiency is improved. Further, since the cutter drum 18 once stretched is kept in that state until the excavation of a predetermined depth is completed, a uniform excavation width can be easily obtained.

The shapes, sizes, etc. of the respective constituent members of the excavator 10 used in the above embodiment are merely examples, and can be variously changed based on design requirements and the like. For example, in the above-mentioned embodiment, an example in which the two cutter drums 13 are arranged in series in the direction of the rotation axis has been shown.
It may be one. In this case, since the extension direction of the cutter drum 13 is one direction, the cross-sectional shape of the underground hole C (D) to be excavated is also a shape that widens only to one surface side.

Further, when one cutter drum 13 is provided in the rotation axis direction, both the drum constituents 13a may be moved in the rotation axis direction. With such a configuration, the cutter drum 13 can be extended toward both sides in the rotation axis direction, so that one cutter drum 13 can excavate an underground hole having the same cross-sectional shape as the above-described embodiment. Becomes However, since the extension amount of the drum structure 13a is likely to be limited, the width of the underground hole that can be widened may be limited.

Further, in the above-mentioned embodiment, an example in which the pair of cutter drums 13 arranged in series is expanded and contracted in synchronization has been described, but it is also possible to individually expand and contract them. is there. The sectional shape of the underground hole to be excavated is not limited to that in the above-described embodiment, and the cutter drum 13 is continuously extended or contracted during the descending operation of the excavator 10 so that the narrow portion and the wide portion are widened. It is also possible to excavate a cross-sectional shape such that it is connected to the part of with a tapered surface.

[0051]

As described above, according to the first aspect of the present invention.
The method of excavating a ground hole having a variable cross section according to claim 1, in particular, an excavator main body, a cutter drum mounted in front of the excavator main body in the excavating direction, and capable of expanding and contracting in the hole width direction of the underground hole, and the excavator. A plurality of expandable and contractible adjustment guides are provided on the outer peripheral portion of the main body at intervals in the circumferential direction and the excavation direction, and between the adjustment guides and the excavator main body, the displacement amount of the adjustment guide is detected. Displacement detecting means, position detecting means for detecting the excavation position of the excavator main body, and inclination detecting means for detecting the inclination of the excavator main body are used, and the displacement detecting means, the position detecting means, Further, it is characterized in that the excavation is performed while controlling the expansion and contraction amounts of the adjustment guide and the cutter drum based on the detection signal from the inclination detection means, and has the following excellent effects.

Based on the detection signals from the position detecting means for detecting the position of the excavator body, the displacement detecting means for detecting the expansion and contraction amounts of the plurality of adjustment guides, and the inclination detecting means for detecting the inclination of the excavator body, Since it controls the amount of expansion and contraction of the adjustment guide and the amount of expansion and contraction of the cutter drum, not only can the position and orientation of the excavator main body be detected with high accuracy, but these position and attitude controls can also be performed with high accuracy. As a result, the cross-sectional shape of the underground hole can be excavated with high accuracy according to the plan.

Further, by adopting a structure in which the cutter drum can be expanded and contracted, it is possible to excavate the entire length of the cutter drum during expansion, and it is not necessary to repeatedly expand and contract the cutter drum when excavating a wide underground hole. Thus, not only the operation of the excavator can be simplified, but also the non-excavation time zone during the operation of the excavator can be eliminated and the excavation efficiency can be improved.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an excavation process diagram of a conventional variable cross-section underground hole excavating device.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory view of a drilling method according to an embodiment of the present invention,
It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the excavation start state of a wide underground hole.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory view of an excavation method according to an embodiment of the present invention,
It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing a state at the end of initial excavation for a wide underground hole.

FIG. 4 is a side view of a drum cutter portion of an excavator used in an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a side view of the drum cutter portion of the excavator used in the embodiment of the present invention, showing the extended state.

FIG. 6 is a vertical sectional view of a drum cutter of an excavator used in an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a vertical sectional view of a drum cutter of an excavator used in an embodiment of the present invention, showing an expanded state.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of a drilling method according to an embodiment of the present invention,
It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing the state at the end of excavation of a wide underground hole.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory view of an excavation method according to an embodiment of the present invention,
It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing a state at the time of starting excavation of a narrow underground hole.

FIG. 10 is an explanatory view of an excavation method according to an embodiment of the present invention, and is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a state at the end of excavation of a narrow underground hole.

FIG. 11 is a flowchart illustrating an excavation method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 10 excavator 11 excavator main body 12 adjustment guide 12a lower adjustment guide 12b intermediate adjustment guide 12c upper adjustment guide 13 cutter drum 13a drum structure 13b discontinuous portion 13c protruding piece 14 position detecting means 15 displacement detecting means 16 inclination detecting means 17 control Unit 20 Excavation bit 22 Guide mechanism 23 Expansion / contraction mechanism A Underground hole B Underground hole C Underground hole D Underground hole

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. An excavation method used for excavating an underground hole having different hole widths in an excavation direction, comprising: an excavator main body; A cutter drum that is expandable and contractible in the hole width direction, a plurality of expandable and contractible adjustment guides that are provided on the outer peripheral portion of the excavator main body at intervals in the circumferential direction and the excavation direction, and these adjustment guides and the excavator main body. And a displacement detection means for detecting the displacement amount of the adjustment guide, a position detection means for detecting the excavation position of the excavator body, and an inclination detection means for detecting the inclination of the excavator body. An excavator is used to excavate while controlling the expansion and contraction amounts of the adjustment guide and the cutter drum based on the detection signals from the displacement detection means, the position detection means, and the inclination detection means. Medium-sized Excavation method.