JPH0857489A - Water purifying method and device in shallow water region - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To efficiently purify contaminated matters under water by providing oystershells in a shallow water region and forcibly causing water to flow in the neighborhood thereof so that oxygen is supplied to microorganisms attached to the oystershells to activate them. CONSTITUTION: A great number of oyster shelves 3 each supporting many oystershells are installed at regular intervals at proper locations in a shallow water region 1. An intermittent air lift device 4 is provided at the middle point of each oyster shelf 3. Further, in the device 4, a large number of water lift cylinders are parallelly provided and a common floating room 6 is engaged with the upper parts of the cylinders and an air room 7 is engaged with a lower bubble collecting cylinder. Air bubbles are discharged from the room 7 to lift the water near the bottom 39 of the water so that the water 27 lifted is mixed with the water near the surface 28 of the water to diffuse it and the mixed water is caused to flow against the the seashore 30 and flow reversely so as to flow near the shelves 3 and then the water is lifted. As a result, microorganisms attached to the oystershells are activated, thereby efficiently purifying contaminated matters under water.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a shallow water purification method and device for purifying relatively shallow seawater or lake / marsh water (for example, a water depth of about several meters).

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a water purification method in a shallow water area, a method and an apparatus for generating a water flow using an intermittent air pumping apparatus have been proposed (JP-A-6-7768). In addition, a technique has been proposed in which high oxygen water is supplied to and diffused in a water area with severe oxygen deficiency (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 3-109997).

[0003]

According to the above-mentioned prior art, in a water area where the progress of pollution is relatively slow, a considerable effect is brought about, and a place unfit for the habitation of fish and shellfish is turned into a good fishing area. ing.

However, in a place where a large amount of domestic wastewater flows in, or in a water area where the generation of water flow is insufficient due to the shallow water depth,
There was a problem that sufficient purification could not be achieved only by supplying oxygen (for example, due to pollution inflow exceeding the water purification rate).

[0005]

The above-mentioned problems have been successfully solved by activating the microorganisms to promote their reproduction and promoting the catalytic oxidation of polluted water and the microorganisms.

[0006] Further, by using the conventionally discarded wasted husks in the microbial bed, the activation of the microorganisms, the promotion of their reproduction, and the opportunity of contact with polluted water were promoted, and the efficiency as a whole was improved. Moreover, oyster shells can also be used as waste.

That is, the invention of the method is to activate the microorganisms by arranging the oyster shells at a predetermined interval in a shallow water area, forcibly flowing water near the oyster shell arrangement, and supplying oxygen to the microorganisms attached to the oyster shells. , This is a method of water purification in shallow water characterized by treating pollutants in water, arranging oyster shells at a predetermined interval in the shallow water area, forcing the water near the oyster shell arrangement to flow into running water. This is a water purification method in shallow water characterized by supplying high-oxygen water and activating oxygen by supplying oxygen to microorganisms adhering to the chaff, thereby treating contaminants in the water.

The forced flow is generated by an intermittent air pumping device.

Next, the invention of the device is a water purifying device in a shallow water area, characterized in that the underwater rake shell bed in the shallow water area is arranged at a predetermined interval, and an intermittent air pumping device is installed in the vicinity of the above-mentioned oyster shell bed. , Purifying water in a shallow water area by arranging underwater rake shell beds in a shallow water area at a predetermined interval, installing an intermittent air pumping device near the aforementioned hack shell bed, and additionally installing a high oxygen water supply device It is a device. Further, the oyster shell is an oyster shelf or net basket for holding oyster shells.

It is known that the ammoniacal nitrogen-oxidizing bacteria (hereinafter referred to as nitrifying bacteria) are attached to the surface of the above-mentioned oyster shell, and as an effective use of industrial waste (oyster husk), A basic experiment (in a water tank) was being conducted for purification.

However, for the purification of shallow water areas, there is no means for forcibly flowing an enormous amount of water, and there is no effective replenishment means in the case of oxygen shortage, so that it has not been practically adopted yet.

In the above invention, nitrifying bacteria were propagated by using a oyster shell, but other shells and the like having the same implantation effect as oyster shells can be used.

It is also possible to dispose the oyster shells on the bottom of the water and to use the oyster racks (spreading all over a predetermined area).

According to the results of the experiment, it is possible to further improve the reproduction and activation of nitrifying bacteria by using the combined use of oyster shell and sludge, so it is effective to spray an appropriate amount on the water bottom. . In the above, it is also possible to use an oyster rack, an oyster basket and a spray of oyster shells together. Further, the oyster rack and the net cage are also effective for the implantation of fish beds or seaweed.

At present, the husks are industrial wastes and are not effectively used in a large amount, but the present invention enables them to be effectively used.

The shallow water area mentioned above is, for example, an average water depth of 5 to 6 m or less. However, even if the water depth is 10 m, the same effect can be obtained by appropriately setting the installation height of the oyster shell bed.

[0017]

According to the present invention, since the oysters are placed in the shallow water area and the water flow is caused, the microorganisms of the oyster shells are supplied with oxygen to reproduce and efficiently decompose organic substances in the water flow. In addition, the sprayed oyster shells, in cooperation with sludge, can further promote the reproduction of nitrifying bacteria.

[0018]

[Embodiment 1] Shaft shelves 3 and 3 for supporting shaved shells 2 and 2 are installed at predetermined intervals in appropriate places in a shallow water area 1. For example, as shown in FIG. 2, 4 oyster shelves 3 and 3 (meaning oyster shell floors) having a flat surface of 10 m × 5 m are arranged at intervals of 50 m, and each oyster rack 3 has a length of 2 cm
The shredded husks 2 are loaded to 500 kg each.

An intermittent air pumping device 4 is installed in the central portion of the racks 3 and 3.

The intermittent air pumping device 4 has a diameter of 30 cm,
Four pumping cylinders 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d each having a length of 2.5 m are fixed in parallel, a common floating chamber 6 is fitted and fixed on the upper part thereof, and an air chamber 7 is fitted on a lower foam collecting cylinder 8. It is fixed (Fig. 5).

In the air chamber 7, as shown in FIG. 5, an inner cylinder 9, a partition cylinder 10 and an outer cylinder 11 are fitted to the outside of the foam collecting cylinder 8 in order at predetermined intervals, and the foam collecting cylinder 8, the inner cylinder 9, Water passage hole 1 to each partition 10
2, 13 and 14 are drilled, and top plates 15 and 16 are provided.
The bottom plate 17 is configured to be closed at the top and bottom.

In the above-mentioned embodiment, when pressurized air is fed from the air hose 18 as shown by the arrow 19, the pressurized air is accumulated from the inner top of the air chamber 7 successively and pushes down the water level in the air chamber 7. When the water level 20 reaches the water passage hole 13, the air in the air chamber 7 is moved to the water passage hole 1 as indicated by arrows 21, 22, and 23.
After passing through Nos. 2, 13 and 14, large bubbles 24 are formed and rise in the bubble collecting cylinder 8 as indicated by an arrow 25, and then the large bubbles 24 are divided into bubbles 24a, and the pumping cylinders 5a, 5b, 5c are separated. 5,
In d, it rises as shown by arrow 26 and is discharged from the upper end of each pump as shown by arrows 27, 27 (Fig. 1). This discharged pumped water is the water near the bottom 39 of the water, but the water level 2
When mixed with water around 8, the temperature and specific gravity (in the case of seawater) are almost the same as those near the water surface, and the water surface 28
Spread close to. This diffused water collides with the shore 30 and reverses as shown by the arrow 31, passes through the vicinity of the scraping shelves 3 as shown by the arrow 32, and again as shown by the arrow 33, the pumping cylinder 5 again.
Pumped by a, 5b, 5c and 5d.

The pumping amount in the pumping cylinders 5a, 5b, 5c and 5d is about 17 m ³ / min at a flow velocity of 1 m / sec. Therefore, 1020 m ³ per hour, about 25 per day
It will be able to 000m ³ pumping.

Since the influence of the diffusion of pumped water is considered to be 10 times or more, it is possible to affect about 250,000 m ³ of water.

Next, when the amount of water in a cylinder with a radius of 150 m (with a depth of 3 m) is calculated centering on the pumping device, it is about 27.
It will be 10,000 m ³ . Therefore, the influence of the pumping capacity of four pumping cylinders with a diameter of 30 cm is estimated to be 250,000 m ^{3 a} day, so if the coast is 3 m deep, it may affect the total amount of water in the cylinder with a radius of 150 m. is there. Therefore, 30
If they are arranged at 0 m intervals, water can be purified in the water area with high efficiency. Although the above-mentioned influence is 10 times as high as that of pumping, even if the same amount of influence as pumping is used, similar water purification will be possible within 10 days.

The capacity and installation density of the pumping equipment can be determined by confirming the water purification capacity and the pollution progress prediction, although it depends on the degree of pollution progress on the coast or the like.

As described above, when water on the water surface side (dissolved oxygen amount is almost saturated) is led to the water bottom side (dissolved oxygen amount is close to 0 in the polluted water bottom) and the dissolved oxygen amount is increased successively, the above calculation is performed. According to this, the dissolved oxygen amount can be improved in 1 to 10 days.

When the amount of dissolved oxygen in the water stream increases, the nitrifying bacteria adhering to the oysters rapidly proliferate and decompose the organic matter in the polluted water, so that the organic matter in the running water gradually decreases. Further, aerobic bacteria in the sludge also rapidly propagate and rapidly decompose organic matters in the sludge, so that the water bottom is also purified.

According to the experiments in conventional lakes and swamps, when the number of pumping equipment is set to a sufficient level corresponding to the amount of water, the desired degree of purification can be reached in about 10 to 30 days. It has been known.

[0030] In this embodiment, since the water purification capacity by the oyster shell is added to the conventional water purification capacity, rapid improvement in water quality can be expected even in shallow water areas (for example, shallow sea areas) that have been polluted for many years. .

When there is a possibility that the amount of oxygen in the running water will be insufficient due to the arrangement of the racks, the high-concentration oxygen water generators 34, 34 are installed near the pumping device 4 to supplement the insufficient oxygen amount. be able to.

[0032]

[Embodiment 2] The embodiment shown in FIGS.
In place of this, put a oyster shell in the net basket 35 and put it in the frame 36
The frame body 36 is suspended by a floating body 37 so that the frame body 36 can be floated. In this case, the frame 36 can be placed by adjusting the length of the hanging rope 38 and crimping the lower end of the net cage 35 to the water bottom 39. The moving water purification system can be completed by moving the net cage 35 together with the pumping device as indicated by arrows 40 and 40 by shortening the hanging rope 38 and hoisting the net cage 35.

By arranging the frame 36 also in the front, rear, left and right of the pumping apparatus like the oyster rack of the first embodiment, the organic substances in the water stream can be rapidly treated by the nitrifying bacteria adhering to the oyster shell. .

[0034]

[Embodiment 3] The embodiment shown in FIGS.
This is the case when is raised near the water surface. That is, a net raft 35 in which a raft 46 is filled with an oyster shell is hung at a predetermined interval, and a raft 4
The floating body 41 required for 6 is fixed. In addition, the central portion of the raft 46 is a space, and the upper end of the pumping cylinder 42 is exposed below it. Reference numeral 43 in the figure denotes a float fixed outside the upper part of the pumping cylinder 42.

The raft 46 is, for example, 50 m × 50 m,
The upper end of the pumping cylinder 42 having a diameter of 30 cm is exposed to the center thereof. An air chamber 47 is fitted below the pumping cylinder 42 to intermittently raise the bubble bullets 44 to pump water, as is known.

In this case, the pumped water mixes with the water near the water surface 28 and diffuses as shown by arrows 45 and 45. In this case, since the diffused water comes into contact with the oyster shell, organic substances and the like are decomposed by the action of nitrifying bacteria adhering to the oyster shell.

The pumping cylinder has been described as a single cylinder, but the same applies to a composite cylinder (for example, four single cylinders having a diameter of 30 cm are bundled).

[0038]

According to the present invention, the intermittent air pumping device causes a large amount of water in a shallow water region to flow in a predetermined direction to generate a water flow, which allows it to pass near the oyster shell and improve the amount of dissolved oxygen in water. There is an effect that it is possible to efficiently purify shallow water where sludge has accumulated, which was considered impossible in the past.

According to the apparatus of the present invention, the water in the shallow water can be effectively flowed to facilitate the management of the sewage purification capacity, and the maximum effect can be obtained with the minimum equipment. In addition, by effectively using the oyster shell that had been industrial waste, it is effective not only for purification of sewage but also for a fish bed and an algae bed.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view of an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged plan view showing an arrangement example of the scraping rack in the same manner.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged front view of an embodiment using the same basket.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged plan view showing an arrangement example of a net basket.

FIG. 5 is an enlarged sectional view of an air chamber portion of the water pumping device.

FIG. 6 is a partially enlarged front view of another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a plan view in which a part is also omitted.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Shallow water 2 Shaft 3 Shaking rack 4 Intermittent air pumping device 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d Pumping cylinder 6 Floating chamber 7 Air chamber 8 Foam collecting cylinder 9 Inner cylinder 10 Partition cylinder 11 Outer cylinder 12, 13, 14 Water passage hole 15, 16 Top plate 17 Bottom plate 18 Air hose 20 Water level 24 Large air bubble 24a Air bubble 28 Water surface 30 Coast 35 Net gauze 36 Frame 37 Float 38 Suspension 39 Water bottom 41 Float 42 Pumping cylinder 43 Float 44 Rape 46 Raft

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. Arranging oyster shells in shallow water at predetermined intervals,
Water purification method in shallow water characterized by forcibly flowing water near the arrangement of the oyster shells to activate oxygen by supplying oxygen to the microorganisms attached to the oyster shells, thereby treating contaminants in the water . 2. Arranging oyster shells in shallow water at predetermined intervals,
To forcibly flow water near the arrangement of the oyster shell, supply high-oxygen water into running water, and activate oxygen by supplying oxygen to the microorganisms adhering to the oyster shell, thereby treating contaminants in the water. A method for water purification in shallow water. 3. The shallow water purification method according to claim 1, wherein the forced flow is generated by an intermittent air pumping device. 4. A water purifier in a shallow water area, characterized in that the underwater shackle bed in the shallow water area is arranged at predetermined intervals, and an intermittent air pumping device is installed in the vicinity of the shackle bed. 5. An underwater rake shell bed in a shallow water area is arranged at a predetermined interval, an intermittent air pumping device is installed near the hack shell bed, and a high oxygen water supply device is additionally provided. Water purification equipment in shallow water. 6. The water purifying apparatus in shallow water according to claim 4, wherein the oyster shell is an oyster shelf or a net cage for holding oyster husks.