JP5077874B2 - Water purifier - Google Patents

Description

This invention relates to a water purification system that aims to improve the water quality of the pond, lake, swamp, dam of which a large amount waters.

  Conventionally, various systems have been proposed for water purifying by aerobic microorganisms by passing water into a container containing charcoal.

  There is also known a purification system in which a purification device using charcoal and an individual aeration device are combined.

Furthermore, a water purifier has also been proposed that purifies water by causing up-and-down convection in a large amount of water and increasing the amount of dissolved oxygen in the entire water by an intermittent air pump.
JP-A-11-262788 JP-A-7-308695 Japanese Patent No. 2664334 Japanese Patent Publication No. 3-46679

  Conventionally, with regard to water quality improvement using charcoal, a relatively small amount of water (for example, 100 to 1000 tons of water) is expected to have a considerable effect, but the above charcoal is used in a large amount of water such as 500,000 tons to 200 million tons. However, there was a problem that a large amount of charcoal was required and it was difficult to be used practically.

  Moreover, although intermittent air pumping device (patent document 4) is showing the great effect about the purification of the mass water of 1 million tons or more, regarding the degree of purification, although further improvement is expected, There was still a problem that was still a research subject and was not satisfactory.

  Conventionally, as a water purification device for small closed water areas such as parks, gardens, garden ponds, etc., a device has been proposed that allows water to pass through a purification material unit that is filled with charcoal in a water-permeable container. (Patent Document 1). As described in the specification, the water purifier is effective for purifying small-scale closed water areas, but cannot be used for large-scale water purification (for example, 500,000 tons or more) as in the present invention. Moreover, aeration is not taken into consideration, and if the water depth is small, there is no need for aeration. The system of the present invention can be used even with a water volume of 500,000 tons or less.

  In addition, a conventional aeration apparatus that sucks water and discharges it in a mixed state with air, and a purification apparatus that contains charcoal containing aerobic microorganisms therein, and water that has passed through the purification apparatus is the aeration apparatus. A circulation type water purification system which is adapted to be sucked by the sewage is proposed (Patent Document 2).

  The known system uses approximate techniques in terms of the present invention, the point of utilizing charcoal, the generation of water flow, and the treatment of organic matter by an aerobic microorganism using charcoal as a carrier. It also approximates the point of increasing the amount of dissolved oxygen by aeration.

  However, the present invention achieves a high degree of water purification in the entire water area by flowing the total water amount of lakes, swamps, dams, ponds, etc., increasing the dissolved oxygen amount of the total water amount, and passing the water purification unit. The known example does not have such a concept. In addition, as in the present invention, there is no idea of aeration into the water purification unit. Eventually, as in the present invention, there was a problem that it was not possible to purify an enormous amount of water such as 500,000 tons or 200 million tons.

  Next, a longitudinal cylindrical water collecting body having a plurality of water passage holes through which the water to be treated is circulated, and the water collecting body has a longitudinal axis direction substantially perpendicular to the bottom of the water area of the water to be treated. A container that is enclosed and provided with a water collection hole through which the water to be treated can flow, a flow hole that is continuous with one end edge of the water collection body provided in the container, the water collection body, and the storage A purification process comprising a granular material having a granular charcoal carrying microorganisms provided between the bodies, and a treatment layer having a thickness dimension substantially the same as the interval between the adjacent water holes. An apparatus has been proposed (Patent Document 3).

  Also in the said purification processing apparatus, the to-be-processed water which distribute | circulates a water collection body is purified, and there existed a problem that a large amount of water which does not pass was not processed.

  In addition, according to the intermittent air pumping device (Patent Document 4), the water in all the water areas such as lakes, swamps, dams, and ponds is flowed to increase the dissolved oxygen content of the water, and aerobic microorganisms in the water and the bottom of the water Although it propagates and decomposes organic matter and improves the water quality, there is a problem that the water purification effect is inferior to the case of passing through a water purification unit carrying aerobic microorganisms.

  The present invention improves the effect of charcoal water purification by combining charcoal water purification and aeration, and by combining a water flow device, enables high-precision water purification of a large amount of water and solves the conventional problems. It is.

  That is, according to the present invention, a water-permeable container is filled with charcoal, and aeration means is provided in the container to form a water purification unit, and a float is connected to the water purification unit so that it can be installed at an appropriate depth in water. In addition, the water purification apparatus is characterized in that an air supply means is connected to the aeration means, and a plurality of water purification units are arranged linearly or annularly in a water purification area such as a lake or a swamp.

  In another aspect of the invention, the water purification unit is suspended from a float and the depth of the water purification unit is determined by adjusting the suspended position up and down.

Furthermore, the water flow device is a pumping device in which a water outlet is installed in the middle between the water surface and the bottom of the water, and the water flow device is provided with an inlet on one side of the water purification area and an outlet on the other side, an inlet port and the outlet port is obtained by connecting in a fluid path with running water means, in which the outside of the pumping cylinder of the intermittent airlift device and the said water purification device circumferential Nyo installed.

  In the above description, the water purification unit is intended to distribute air evenly between the charged charcoal, and there is no limitation on the insertion structure of the aeration pipe. If air can be made to flow in as uniformly as possible, a conventionally known blowing method can be employed.

  The size of the charcoal ranges from a large size of 5 cm to 10 cm to a small size of about 1 cm, but the charcoal must be out of the container (a water-permeable container such as a punching metal cylindrical container or a net bag). Can be adopted. However, since the circulation of air and water must be good, it is also inappropriate that the mesh is too small (for example, 0.1 mm to 0.5 mm), and the mesh is too large (for example, 3 cm) to hold charcoal. 10 cm), the size of the used charcoal and a mesh (or through-hole) that does not clog are preferable.

  Instead of the net, a punching metal container or a synthetic resin container provided with a small hole is also conceivable. In short, any container that holds charcoal and has a large number of small holes that allow water and air to flow freely can be used.

The aeration pipe according to the present invention is a synthetic resin or metal pipe provided with a large number of small holes having a diameter of 0.5 mm to 2 mm on the wall surface, for example, and allows microbubbles to pass between each charcoal. . In this case, the air pressure for allowing bubbles to pass without stagnation is preferably a head pressure depending on the water depth plus 1 kg to ² kg / cm ² or more.

  The charcoal is used as a carrier for aerobic microorganisms, in which a myriad of aerobic microorganisms are propagated in the micropores, and organic substances in water are decomposed by the aerobic microorganisms. The aeration is for supplying sufficient air to the microorganism. Therefore, the amount of air is intended to give sufficient oxygen to the propagated aerobic bacteria, but it is also preferable to increase the amount of dissolved oxygen in the water. Thereby, the reproduction | regeneration of floating microorganisms other than a water purification unit can be aimed at.

The inventions may, Ri by the air 曝, to facilitate the propagation of aerobic microorganisms adhering to charcoal improves the efficiency of the organic matter treatment, by increasing the amount of dissolved oxygen in the water, underwater and water bottom of Aerobic microorganisms are propagated in the suspended matter and sediment, and the organic matter in the suspended matter and sediment is decomposed to achieve the water purification effect that could not be achieved with conventional charcoal water purification equipment. It is.

  Although the water purification apparatus using charcoal that has been proposed in the past is generally good in water purification efficiency, it is insufficient with respect to the flow of water in the entire water area, and the water purification area becomes narrow (and thus requires a large number of water purification apparatuses). There was a problem.

  However, the present invention combines the increase in the amount of dissolved oxygen due to aeration and the means for causing the water in the water area to flow as a whole, so that the capacity of the water purifier can be fully demonstrated, and a relatively small amount of water purifier can be used in a wide range of water areas. The conventional problems have been solved with sufficient effectiveness.

  In the present invention, air is supplied using charcoal as a carrier to propagate microorganisms, so that it has a self-cleaning action (prevents charcoal fouling) and can be used continuously for a long period (one year or more). Further, since the flowing water apparatus mainly uses pressurized air (no complicated structure), it can withstand continuous use for a long period of time, and there is no risk of failure, and the durability is outstanding.

  For example, since the intermittent air pumping device operates only with a cylinder and pressurized air, it can withstand long-term use and there is no risk of failure. For example, it has been used in various lakes, swamps, dams, etc. throughout Japan for more than 20 years. A sufficient ability can be demonstrated by cleaning once a year to several years.

  As the flowing water device of the present invention, a device in which an inlet and an outlet are connected by a flow path with a flowing means is more effective in a relatively shallow water area (for example, a depth of 1 m to 3 m). Therefore, when the amount of water is small (the amount of water is 100,000 to 500,000 tons), it is often used.

  Furthermore, far infrared rays generated by charcoal can positively affect aerobic microorganisms and promote their growth, and have a remarkable effect on the decomposition of organic matter.

  According to the present invention, charcoal is used as a microbial carrier, and sufficient air is sent to effectively decompose organic substances in water by purifying aerobic microorganisms and purify the water.

  Moreover, the system which combined the said water purifier and the flowing water apparatus which flows the water of a water purification area can show | play an advanced water purification effect by a relatively small water purifier also in a wide water area.

  Since the materials used in the present invention are charcoal, microorganisms, and air, the same efficiency can be maintained even for long-term continuous use, and combined with the durability of the materials and structure, it can be used for a long time. It has various effects such as endurance and elimination of secondary pollution caused by materials.

  In addition, there is self-cleaning capability by charcoal, microorganisms and aeration, there is no need to replace the water purification unit due to aging or deterioration, and a long service life (for example, 20 years or more) can be maintained only by a certain maintenance (for example, cleaning). The effect goes up. Moreover, the water purifier is also mainly used only for air, has no fear of causing secondary pollution, and has a self-cleaning action.

  The cleaning is mainly intended to remove mud and other dirt attached to the charcoal, and there is often no need for special regeneration treatment. Even if the microbial bed is peeled off, it is repaired naturally during use.

  The water purifier of the present invention fills a water-permeable container with charcoal, inserts aeration means (aeration pipe) into the charcoal-containing container to constitute a water purification unit, and installs the water purification unit in water in parallel. The aeration means is connected to each of the aeration pipes to purify water by microorganisms in the installation water area. In this case, since aeration is performed, it promotes the large growth of aerobic microorganisms using charcoal as a carrier, further enhances purification efficiency, and causes an upward flow near the water purification unit due to the rise of fine bubbles due to aeration. The efficiency of the water purification unit is further improved.

  In other words, an automatic water flow area that automatically supplies water to be purified is generated, and the water purification area is sequentially expanded from around the water purification unit.

  According to the system of the present invention, since the water in the water area passes through the water purification unit by forced flow, if a water purification unit is installed in a part of a wide water area, a high water purification effect can be achieved for a large amount of water in the whole water area. Can be granted.

  If the intermittent water pumping device is used as the water purification device, the flow state of the device is planned, and the required amount of the water purification unit of the present invention is installed in the water flow region, the most efficient high water purification effect is expected. be able to.

  1 and 2, an aeration pipe 2 is inserted into the central portion of a synthetic resin net bag 1 between the inner wall of the net bag 1 and the outer wall of the aeration pipe 2. The water charcoal 3 and 3 are filled to constitute the water purification unit 5. If the said water purification unit 5 is suspended from the float 6 via the string 4 and the length of the said string 4 is adjustable, the installation depth to the water of the water purification unit 5 can be determined. In the figure, 9 is a weight, 10 is an air supply pipe, 17 is a rope of the weight, and 18 is a frame.

  If the string 4 is wound around the float 6 or the length adjuster 48 of the string 4 is provided, the hanging length of the string 4 can be freely adjusted. In short, it is only necessary to install the water purification unit 5 in a place where water can be best purified. Considering the length of the net bag 1 of the water purification unit 5, the depth when it is installed in water is determined.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the water purification unit 5 is inserted into a donut-shaped container 38 having an inner net cylinder 35 and a lower net cylinder 36, and a bottom net 37 that closes the bottom of the inner and outer net cylinders 35 and 36. The water purification unit 40 was configured by filling the charcoal 3 and 3 and inserting the plurality of aeration pipes 2 and 2 and connecting the lower ends of the aeration pipes 2 and 2 to the air supply pipe 10.

  The water purification unit 40 is suspended from the float 6 by the strings 4 and 4, the length of the string 4 is adjusted, the water purification unit 40 is positioned in water, and the water is efficiently purified.

  In the above embodiment, when pressurized air is fed into the air supply pipe 10 as indicated by arrow 39, the pressurized air flows in the air supply pipe 10 as indicated by arrow 41, and then, as indicated by arrow 42. As shown in the arrow 43, the air is blown out from the micro holes of the aeration pipes 2 and 2 while passing through the charcoal 3 and 3 as indicated by arrows 45 and 45. , Exits from each mesh as indicated by arrow 46, rises as indicated by arrow 47, and is discharged to the outside world.

  Next, in order to use the water purification unit 5, as shown in FIG. 3, a plurality of the water purification units 5 are annularly installed at appropriate positions in the swamp 7, or in a single line or linearly as shown in FIG. 5. It is installed in a double row, and the water of the swamp 7 flows radially from one to the other as shown by arrows 8 and 8 (FIGS. 3 and 5) or straight from one to the other as shown by arrows 65 to purify the water (FIG. 8). ).

  For the occurrence of flowing water, a conventionally known intermittent air pumping device 15 or a water feeding device 58 using a pump or jet water can be used.

  In the above embodiment, for example, when compressed air is supplied from the compressor 11 installed on land via the air supply pipe 10 as indicated by an arrow 12, the compressed air passes through the aeration pipes 2 and 2 as shown in FIG. The water is discharged into the water purification unit 5 and then goes out of the water purification unit 5 and rises. When pressurized air is sent from the compressor 11a through the air supply pipe 23 as shown by arrow 25, the pressurized air rises through the pumping device 15 in the pumping cylinder 13 as shown by arrow 14. . Therefore, the water in the lower part of the water pump 13 is sucked in as indicated by an arrow 16 and rises in the water pump 13 as indicated by an arrow 14. The water rising in the pumping cylinder 13 diffuses radially from the upper end of the pumping cylinder 13 as indicated by arrows 8 and 8 (FIGS. 3 and 5).

  Next, as shown in FIG. 4, if the pumping cylinder 13 of the intermittent air pumping device 15 is installed at the center of the water purification unit 40, the water on the bottom side raised by the pumping cylinder 13 is indicated by an arrow 14 in the pumping cylinder 13. It spreads in all directions from the upper end as indicated by arrows 8 and 8.

  Therefore, similarly to the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, the pumped water at the bottom of the water rises and diffuses toward the water surface, so that vertical convection is generated and a large amount of water can be efficiently flowed and purified.

  Then, each said flowing water will pass the said water purification units 5 and 40, and the organic substance in water is decomposed | disassembled by the microorganisms adhering to the charcoal in the water purification units 5 and 40, and can wash a flowing water.

  In addition, aerobic microorganisms adhering to the charcoal are propagated by supplying sufficient oxygen by aeration, and decompose organic matter. Therefore, the organic matter in the passing water stream is extensively decomposed and sufficiently purified with high efficiency. Further, the fine bubbles blown out from the aeration pipe 2 can vibrate the charcoal to facilitate the passage of running water, and the activity of the aerobic microorganisms can be imparted by the fine bubbles of oxygen.

  An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 6. An air chamber 20 is fitted in the lower portion of the pumping cylinder 13, and annular partition tubes 21 a and 21 b are provided concentrically inside and outside the air chamber 20. Upper plates 22a and 22b are provided above the cylinders 21a and 21b, and the tip of the air supply hose 23 is connected to the upper plate 22b. In the figure, 51 is a float, and 52 is a chain for connecting a weight 53.

  In the above embodiment, when compressed air is sent from the compressor 11a (FIG. 3) through the air supply hose 23 as indicated by arrow 25, the pressurized air enters the air chamber 20 as indicated by arrow 26, and the water level 27 Press down.

  Therefore, when the water level 27 falls below the upper edge of the suction hole 28 at the base of the partition tube 21a, the air in the air chamber 20 flows through the suction holes 24, 28, 32 as indicated by arrows 19, 21, 29, Bubbles 30 are formed in the pumping cylinder 13, and the bubbles 30 rise in the pumping cylinder 13 as indicated by arrows 31 and diffuse from the tip as indicated by arrows 8 and 8 (FIGS. 3, 4, 5). ). In the above description, the bubble 30 is raised by buoyancy, and the water is pulled up as indicated by an arrow 31 by the water pressure difference and buoyancy.

  If the pumped water is, for example, 15 ° C. water and is mixed with water on the surface of the water (water temperature 22 ° C.) and becomes, for example, 19 ° C. water, the mixed water is the 19 Proceeds along a climatic layer of 0 ° C. (FIG. 5).

  In the case of the diffusion, when the water purification units 5 and 40 are crossed, organic substances in the water are decomposed and purified by aerobic microorganisms attached to the charcoal 3 in the water purification units 5 and 40. That is, the water crossing the water purification units 5 and 40 will be purified.

  Therefore, the water passing through the water purification units 5 and 40 is sequentially purified, and the degree of purification is maintained at a high level.

  The water purification units 5 and 40 are installed for the required amount of water such as lakes, swamps, dams, and ponds to be purified. Since the water is purified by passing through, high-quality water purification of a large amount of water is possible.

  Next, the embodiment of FIG. 7 uses the pumping device 15 when the water depth of a lake, swamp, pond, etc. is shallow (for example, 5 m or less). In this case, the diameter of the water pump cylinder 13a is reduced (for example, a diameter of 10 cm to 30 cm) and used as four bundles. In the above embodiment, the air chamber 20, the partition cylinders 21a and 21b, the air supply pipe 23, the weight 53, the chain 52, the bubbles 30 and the like are the same as those in the embodiment of FIG.

  The embodiment of FIG. 7 is substantially the same as the embodiment of FIG. 6 as described above, but because of the shallow water depth, a thick and long pumping cylinder (for example, a diameter of 50 cm and a length of 5 m or more) cannot be used. Therefore, the diameter of the pumping cylinder 13a is reduced (for example, 20 cm), and this is used in bundles of four to prevent drastic reduction of the pumping volume.

  Therefore, the mechanism of intermittent air transfer in the air chamber 20 is the same as in FIG. Therefore, when the water level in the air chamber reaches the lower suction hole 28 of the partition cylinder 21a, the air in the air chamber 20 is discharged into the pumping cylinder 13 at a time to form bubbles 30, and then the four pumping cylinders 13a, 13a. The inflow is divided into inward, as shown by arrows 31 and 31, respectively, ascending in the pumping cylinders 13a and 13a and diffusing in four directions as in the embodiment of FIG.

  8 and 9, a plurality of water purification units 5 and 5 are installed in parallel in a lake / swamp 7 (for example, installed in 3 rows at 10 m intervals) and circulated to the bottom of the water. The case where the pipes 58 and 58 are installed is shown.

  In the above embodiment, the nozzles 59 and 59 of the nozzle pipe 49 provided at one end of the circulation pipe 58 in FIG. 9A are connected to the water supply pipe 61 of the pump 60 that supplies pressurized water.

  When the pump 60 is started and pressurized water is sent as indicated by an arrow 50, the pressurized water is fed into the circulation pipe 58 from the nozzles 59 and 59 through the nozzle tube 49 as indicated by an arrow 54. Then, water is sucked into one end of the circulation pipe 58 as indicated by an arrow 62, flows in the circulation pipe 58 as indicated by an arrow 63, and discharged from the other end of the circulation pipe 58 as indicated by an arrow 64. It circulates in the lake / swamp 7 as indicated by arrows 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 62. Accordingly, the flowing water passes through the water purification unit 5 and water purification by microorganisms adhering to the charcoal is performed in the portion. Since the inside of the water purification unit 5 is aerated with pressurized air, there is always sufficient dissolved oxygen to sufficiently propagate aerobic microorganisms and efficiently decompose organic matter.

  In the embodiment of FIGS. 8 and 9, another example of the water flowing means of the circulation pipe 58 will be described with reference to FIG. An enlarged portion 58a is provided in a part of the circulation pipe 58, and a nozzle 57 having a streamline shape is installed at the center thereof. The nozzle 57 and the water supply pipe 61 of the pump 60 are connected by a connecting pipe 55, and Pressurized water is blown out from the nozzle 57 as indicated by an arrow 56. Accordingly, the water between the circulation pipe 58 and the nozzle 57 flows in the direction of the arrow 63 along with the flow of the pressurized water, and eventually flows into the circulation pipe 58 in the directions of the arrows 62, 63, 64. Will cause.

  FIGS. 9 (a) and 9 (b) are examples of a water flow apparatus using jet water. However, since the technique is to circulate the water of the lake / marsh with the circulation pipe 58, the same operation is performed. A known running water device having an effect can be used.

  Further, in order to cause the circulation of the flowing water, water having a large amount of dissolved oxygen near the water surface flows on the bottom side by the circulation pipe 58 and improves the amount of dissolved oxygen in the water near the bottom. Can also be propagated and the bottom sediment can be treated to make it inorganic. Therefore, the amount of sediment on the bottom of the water can be reduced to 1/10 or less. Although the said embodiment illustrated two circulation pipes, there is no limitation in the number of the circulation pipes 58, and it can also be 1-5 according to the amount of water and topography.

(A) The front view which broke off a part of Example of the water purification unit of this invention, (b) The same partially longitudinal cross-sectional view, (c) The same cross-sectional view. (A) The front view which cut off part of the other Example similarly, (b) The top view which cut off part. (A) The front view which abbreviate | omitted a part of the Example of the system similarly, (b) The top view which abbreviate | omitted a part. (A) The front view which abbreviate | omitted a part of other Example similarly, (b) The top view which abbreviate | omitted a part similarly. (A) The front view which abbreviate | omitted a part of other Example similarly, (b) The top view which abbreviate | omitted a part similarly. (A) The perspective view of a pumping apparatus, (b) The top view similarly, (c) The expanded sectional view of an air chamber. (A) The front view which cut down some other examples of the pumping apparatus similarly, (b) The top view. (A) The front view which abbreviate | omitted a part of other Example similarly, (b) The top view which abbreviate | omitted a part similarly. (A) The partial cross-sectional enlarged view of the Example of a flush apparatus similarly, (b) The partial cross-sectional enlarged view of the other Example.

Explanation of symbols

1 net bag 2 aeration pipe 3 Charcoal 4 water purification unit 6 float 7 Numa 10 pneumatically conveys the pipe 11 compressor 13 fried water bottle 15 pumping equipment 20 the air chambers 22 a, 22b upper plate 23 air supply hose 27 water level 28 suction hole 40 water purification unit 53 fold Weight 58 Circulation pipe 57, 59 Nozzle

Claims (1)

A cylindrical net bag is formed into a planar donut shape, a plurality of aeration pipes are installed in the net bag, charcoal is filled between the aeration pipe and the net bag, and a float and a weight are placed in the net bag. Purified water for lake installation characterized by attaching a weight so that it can be maintained at an appropriate depth in water, connecting an air supply pipe to the aeration pipe, and installing a pumping device at the center of the flat donut-shaped net bag Equipment .

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