JP3158262B2 - Current generation method and facilities in aquaculture area - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method and a facility for generating an ocean current in an aquaculture area for the purpose of generating an ocean current in an aquaculture area, for purifying near the seabed and improving the amount of dissolved oxygen.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A technique using an intermittent air pumping apparatus is conventionally known as a culturing method or a method for purifying seawater (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2-104226).

[0003]

According to the conventional method, seawater having a large amount of dissolved oxygen near the sea surface is guided to the seabed by circulating seawater to improve the amount of dissolved oxygen on the seabed. The results are getting better.

[0004] However, if there is a layer of organic floating substances near the sea floor, if this is pumped to the water surface as it is, the organic floating substances and harmful substances (for example, hydrogen sulfide and the like) generated by the organic floating substances will reach the aquaculture area. Spread and cultured (shellfish or fish)
Could be adversely affected. Conventionally, currents in aquaculture areas have not been considered.

When an appropriate current is generated in the cultivated sea area, nutrients are supplied in addition to supplying oxygen to the cultivated product, thereby increasing the resistance to disease-causing bacteria and having the characteristic that a delicious cultivated product can be harvested.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention solves the above-mentioned conventional problems by adjusting the pumping start position on the sea bottom side and adjusting the diffusion water depth on the sea surface side.

[0007] That is, according to the present invention, the intermediate portion underwater plurality of farming equipment arranged to aquaculture waters, upright installed intermittent airlift device obtained by adding the adjustment means of the installation depth, seafloor side
And the pumping start position of the
The intermittent discharge of bubble bombs from the tank causes a pumping flow, which diffuses the seawater from the seafloor side to the sea surface at an appropriate depth on the sea side, and spreads the sea current near the sea surface. it is currents generation method in aquaculture waters, characterized in that generation to, brought close to sequentially seabed the pumping start position seabed side, organic suspended matter layer
Are sequentially processed to improve the water quality on the sea bottom side . In addition, the intermittent air pump
The method according to the above description, wherein the installation position and the supply amount of the pressurized air are adjusted to correspond to the depth of the culture facility.

In the above description, when there is a layer of an organic floating substance near the seabed (for example, a layer extending 3 to 5 m above the water bottom), the lower end of the pumping cylinder is slightly above the layer of the organic floating substance (for example, 30 cm). ~ 50cm above). When the intermittent air pumping system is operated in this manner, seawater having a large amount of dissolved oxygen near the sea surface flows near the upper layer of the organic floating matter on the seabed, and increases the dissolved oxygen amount in the portion, thereby causing aerobic bacteria. Breeding, which breaks down organic vapors and vaporizes them, depositing some minerals on the bottom of the water. Therefore, if the lower end of the pumping cylinder is slightly lowered (for example, 50 cm to 1 m) and the vertical convection by pumping is continued in the same manner as described above, the organic floating matter on the sea bottom can be treated in the same manner as described above. Therefore, although the number of times of lowering of the water pumping cylinder varies depending on the thickness of the layer of the organic floating matter, it is possible to rapidly improve the water quality on the sea bottom side by repeating the above operation.

The installation position of the lower end of the pumping cylinder, the amount of descending installation, the date and time interval of descending installation, and the like are determined by the density of organic floats, the thickness of the layer, the presence or absence of new inflows, the water depth, the capacity of the pumping cylinder (target water area). The best conditions are not known without various experiments because they vary depending on various conditions such as water temperature and water temperature.

However, experience with fresh water has shown that the improvement was almost complete in a few weeks to a few weeks without the need for such a sequential descent. The water depth in this case is 3m ~
The pumping cylinder had a capacity of 50,000 to 1,000,000 tons and one pumping cylinder with a diameter of 50 cm and a length of 15 m to 20 cm in diameter and several 1.5 m in length. For example, when the water depth is 20m to 30m, the diameter is 50cm and the length is 1cm.
One 1m to 15m pump cylinder can supply 1 million tons of water
There is a track record of improvement over a week.

In the case of a pond having a depth of 1 m to 3 m, there is a record of improving 20,000 tons of water per pumping cylinder having a diameter of 20 cm and a length of 150 cm in two weeks. In the case of shallow water depth, algaecide is used together in summer (20 ° C to 25 ° C).
A flocculant was used as needed.

The improvement of the water quality includes averaging of the amount of dissolved oxygen in all the water, treatment of organic floating substances (decomposition and precipitation of inorganic substances), and uniformization of water temperature. As described above, if the amount of dissolved oxygen on the water bottom side is almost equal to the water surface and the water temperature on the water bottom side is high, aerobic bacteria will inevitably propagate and organic matter will be rapidly processed.

With respect to the water temperature, there is a concern that the water temperature may be lowered (for example, 18 ° C. or less even in summer and unsuitable for agricultural water) because the water temperature becomes almost uniform (temperature difference is 1 to 2 ° C. at a water depth of 20 m). Has been expressed. However, by operating the pumping apparatus from spring or early summer, the difference between the total water temperature and the surface water temperature can be kept at 1 ° C to 2 ° C. For example, when the surface water temperature is 23 ° C., the total water temperature is 21 ° C.
To 22 ° C., and there is no possibility of causing a problem as agricultural water.

The sea area to which the present invention is applied is different from dams, lakes, and swamps on land, and since the sea area is continuous to an enormous sea area, there is a fear that the experience of the dams and the like may not be useful. However, because of its nature, water flows in the direction of low resistance, so that by setting a resistor at an appropriate distance, vertical convection in a bay or the like can be realized. For example, in a bay as shown in FIG. 2, the flow of seawater seems to behave almost like a closed area (eg, a dam).

That is, the water pumped by the water pumping device diffuses radially around the pumping cylinder, and concentrically spreads as if it were a ripple caused by a stoning. Therefore, the pumping of the plurality of pumping cylinders descends at the collision point of pumping of the adjacent pumping cylinders. However, when there is no collision, the pumping reaches the shore (FIG. 1), and is considered to form a large vertical troposphere. Pumping mixes with surface water and diffuses radially at the same temperature as the temperature of the mixed water. For example, when there is a temperature difference of 20 ° C. and 15 ° C. of bottom water at a depth of 15 m, the mixed water is around 19 ° C., and the depth h of the ocean current is around 2 m (FIG. 1).

Therefore, a sea current is generated in the vicinity of a shell raft or cultured fish, which is effective for supplying oxygen and nutrients in seawater, and imparts an activity to the organism such as the shellfish.

[0017]

According to the present invention, since an ocean current is generated near the sea surface, activity is imparted to cultured shellfish and the like.

Further, by gradually increasing the lower end position of the pumping cylinder, even if the layer of the organic floating substance is thick, the organic floating substance is sequentially processed from the upper part. There is no danger.

[0019]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS In FIGS.
The pumping devices 3 and 3 are appropriately disposed between the two. A float 5 is fixed to an upper end of a pumping cylinder 4 of the pumping device 3, and a rope 6 is fixed to a lower end thereof.
The lifting cylinder 4 is kept vertical by suspending the weight 7 via the. The lower end of the pumping cylinder 4 is slightly higher than the upper surface of the organic floating layer 8.

The air chamber 9 of the pumping device 3 is usually fitted and installed outside the lower end of the pumping cylinder 4.
Is long, and the water depth at the lower end is large (for example,
m), the air chamber 9 can be fitted and installed in the middle of the pumping cylinder 4.

The air chamber 9 is provided with an outer cylinder 31 at a predetermined interval outside the inner cylinder 12 and a partition cylinder 32 between the inner cylinder 12 and the outer cylinder 31. The communication holes 13, 14, and 15 are formed in the lower portion of 12, the upper portion of the partition tube 32, and the wall facing the inner tube 12 of the water pumping tube 9, respectively.

Then, if pressurized air is supplied from the hose 10 to the air chamber 9 of the water pumping cylinder 4 as shown by an arrow 26, the water level in the air chamber 9 falls sequentially. Then, when the water level 11 reaches the communication hole 14 provided in the lower part of the inner cylinder 12 of the air chamber, the air in the air chamber 9 flows through the communication holes 13, 14, 15, as indicated by arrows 16, 1.
As shown in FIGS. 7 and 18, the water enters the water pumping cylinder 4, forms a bubble 19, and rises in the water pumping cylinder 4 as indicated by an arrow 20. When the bubble bubble 19 rises in the pumping cylinder 4, the upper water in the pumping cylinder 4 is pushed up in the same direction, and the lower water is also sucked up in the same direction. Water is absorbed. On the other hand, the pumped water is blown up from the upper end of the water pumping cylinder 4 as shown by an arrow 22 (FIG. 1). In this case, the distance between the upper end of the pumping cylinder 4 and the sea surface 23 is generally 1 m to 5 m, but the pumping speed is the highest (for example, 1.2 m).
/ Sec), the pumping slightly rises above the sea surface 23
a. Then, while descending radially as indicated by arrows 24 and 24, it mixes with water near the sea surface, and diffuses a water depth portion corresponding to the temperature of the mixed water as indicated by arrows 25 and 25. The flow rate of the pumping water is highest around the bubble 19 (for example, 1.2 m /
sec), and thereafter the flow velocity gradually decreases (for example, 0.6 m / sec) until the next bubble rises. The generation interval of the bubble bubbles 19 varies depending on the capacity of the air chamber 9 and the amount of air supply, but is usually about 10 seconds to 30 seconds. Bubble bubble 19
Is small, the intermittent change in the flow rate of the pumping water is eliminated, so that the diffusion range becomes small (for example, a radius of 10 m around the pumping cylinder). Also, when the interval is large, the difference between the maximum flow velocity and the minimum flow velocity becomes large, and the amount of pumped water becomes small.

In the above, in order to adjust the distance between the lower end of the pumping cylinder 4 and the seabed, when adjusting the length of the rope 6,
A part of the pumping cylinder 4 is of a telescoping type (for example, Jiko 63-2159).
), A known technique such as a case where the pumping device is a suspension type and the suspension height from the sea surface is adjusted, or the like.

In the above description, when the space between the bubbles 19 becomes small, only the water on the sea bottom is formed at the upper end of the water pumping cylinder 4 and does not mix with the sea surface water. It is not possible to generate a wide range of ocean currents. However, bubble bubbles 19
If the distance between the air bubbles is moderate, the bubble bubble 1
When 9 is discharged, the flow velocity becomes maximum, and the seawater at the upper end of the pumping cylinder and the pumping water rise while mixing. The rising seawater then diffuses radially. On the other hand, when the flow velocity decreases and the amount of diffusion water exceeds the amount of pumped water, the pumping cylinder 4
The water surface above becomes a concave arc surface 22b once. Then, in order to return the concave arc surface 22b to a horizontal position, the seawater on the sea surface 23 collects on the pumping cylinder 4 as indicated by an arrow 33 from all directions. In this case, the seawater is not pumped water nor mixed water, so it is saturated seawater in which oxygen is dissolved to a saturated state, and the water temperature is the sea surface temperature. Therefore, when the surface seawater collects on the pumping cylinder 4, a large amount of water on the seafloor side is blown up again from the pumping cylinder 4, so that the pumped water and the seawater eventually mix, and the mixed water temperature becomes as described above. It diffuses radially at the depth corresponding to the temperature.

Since the radial diffusion centering on the pumping device 3 in the above becomes a ripple centering on the pumping cylinder 4, the raft 2
Even if the vehicle collides with an obstacle such as the above, the vehicle easily wraps around to the rear, and there is no possibility that the ripples will be interrupted.

Therefore, when the water pumping device 3 is installed at the center of the sea area where a plurality of culture rafts are arranged, ripples are diffused around the culture rafts, but if a sea current is generated by the diffusion, the ripples are inevitably hung on the rafts. Then, the seawater in the cultured basket also flows, and eventually the same effect as when the cultured fish and shellfish are arranged in the ocean current is exerted.

The diffused water reaches the bay shore 27 and changes its direction downward as indicated by arrow 28.
As shown in FIG.
It is sucked into the pumping cylinder 4 as indicated by 1, 21 to complete the vertical convection. Although the convection of water diffused at the outlet of the bay 1 becomes insufficient, in the case of a bay having a shape as shown in FIG. Absent.

When the outlet of the bay 1 is the widest, a pumping device for inversion is installed at the mouth of the bay, or a means is provided for inversion (for example, a net is formed from the sea surface to a depth of about 3 m).
be able to. However, even if there is no reversal from the exit side of the bay 1, the water absorption for pumping is performed without any trouble, and there is often no need to configure the reversing means.

[0029]

According to the present invention, since an ocean current is generated near the sea surface in the culture water area, there is an effect of supplying oxygen and nutrients to the cultured organism. Since raise and lower convection circulating sea water, to improve the amount of dissolved oxygen in the vicinity of the seabed, the organic suspended matter microorganism
It has the effect of purifying water by decomposing it with a substance . Also, on the sea side
The flow depth of the divergent water should correspond to the depth of the aquaculture equipment.
Since it is possible, it requires less energy and is more efficient.

Next, the lower end of the pumping cylinder is successively lowered (or the lower end position is adjusted), and the organic suspended matter near the sea bottom is rationally and sequentially processed from the upper part to the lower part, so that seawater containing organic substances is Has various effects, such as preventing water from being pumped out and not adversely affecting cultured organisms near the sea surface.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partial sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view showing the arrangement of the pumping device.

FIG. 3 is a front view in which a part of the water pumping device is cut.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Bay 2 Shaft raft 3 Pumping device 4 Pumping cylinder 5 Float 7 Weight 8 Organic floating material layer 9 Air chamber 10 Hose 12 Inner cylinder 13, 14, 15 Communication hole 19 Bubbles 23 Sea surface 27 Bayside 30 Sea bottom

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. An intermittent air pumping device equipped with means for adjusting the installation water depth is installed upright below the middle water surface of a plurality of aquaculture facilities disposed in the aquaculture area, and the pumping start position on the sea bottom side is adjusted.
And intermittently release bubble bombs from the intermittent air pumping device.
Seawater generated in the cultivated sea area, characterized in that the seawater is discharged from the seafloor to cause a pumping current, diffused into the cultivated sea area at an appropriate depth on the sea surface side, and the seawater generated near the sea surface is pumped from the seabed side to the sea surface side. Method. 2. The pumping start position on the seafloor side is sequentially approached to the seafloor, and the organic suspended matter layer is sequentially processed to improve the water quality on the seafloor side.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the current is generated. 3. The intermittent air flow rate of the diffusion water on the sea surface side
The method according to claim 1, wherein an installation position of the pumping device and a supply amount of pressurized air are adjusted to correspond to a depth of the culture facility.