JPH0849819A - Boiler for burning fibrous waste - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To restrain the production of slag and maintain the favorable combustion by a method wherein fibrous waste is forced into a combustion chamber from a charging port to push slag on the slag remaining section of a hearth toward the discharging side of the slag and burn the waste on a water-cooled fire-grate arranged above the slag remaining section of the combustion chamber. CONSTITUTION:The fibrous waste, charged from a charging port 10 and forced into a combustion chamber 20 by the rod of an air cylinder 50, is ignited instantaneously on a water-cooled fire-grate 71 by combustion on a hearth 21 and is burnt. Further, water-cooled grate is employed whereby the water-cooled grate 71 will never be burnt even when the fibrous waste and the fused substances of the waste are burnt at the upper and lower sides of the water- cooled grate 71. On the other hand, slag, produced by the combustion on the hearth 21, is pushed out toward the side of a discharging port 24 by the advancing operation of the rod 61 driven by the air cylinder 60. According to this method, slag is not accumulated on the hearth below the water-cooled grate 71 whereby combustion efficiency is high and the continuous operation of a boiler 1A is continued.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a boiler for burning fiber waste used for burning and disposing of fiber waste such as cloth, synthetic fibers and thread wastes, and more particularly to a thermoplastic resin-based boiler. Whether it is a fiber waste or a thermosetting resin-based fiber waste, it is difficult to burn residual carbon produced by combustion, unburned materials and ash (hereinafter abbreviated as residue in this specification). ) Is suppressed, and good combustion can be maintained.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, when a fibrous waste such as a piece of cloth or synthetic fibers or yarn wastes is burned with a grate regardless of whether it is a thermosetting resin or a thermoplastic resin, it is particularly The fibrous waste is softened and melted by the heat of combustion, melts and drops from between the grate, and burns violently even under the grate.For this reason, the grate is overheated from the upper and lower surfaces and burns significantly, causing a fire. A hearth combustion method is used in which a grid is not provided and combustion is performed on the hearth.

[0003]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION In a conventional boiler that burns resin-based fiber waste, in order to continue burning while burning the fiber waste that has been put into the boiler, this fiber waste must be used. When the combustion of the material progressed to a certain extent, the fiber waste to be burned next was input, and intermittent combustion was performed, but the residue generated by this combustion was piled up on the hearth and formed in the hearth. The generated air supply port is closed and the amount of air supplied is reduced, so that there is a problem that the combustion speed is rapidly reduced. Moreover, if the fiber wastes are successively added in this state, there is a problem that the fiber wastes remain and accumulate on the hearth to reduce the combustion amount.

In order to prevent this, agitating the burning fiber waste on the hearth has been carried out. When agitating this, a large amount of cold air will enter into the boiler, so the combustion. There is a problem that the temperature is lowered and the combustion is not continued and smoke is generated due to incomplete combustion. Further, when the fiber waste is put into the boiler, since it is just before the burning fiber waste is burned out, the fire power is weak and the combustion temperature is low, and cold air from the inlet enters the combustion zone. There is a problem in that the temperature drops, the ignition of the introduced fiber waste is delayed, and temporary smoke is generated.

Further, if the residue is locally overheated by the heat of combustion at a high temperature and a residue C as shown in FIG. 5 is produced, the combustion becomes worse, and then the combustion of the fiber waste put in the boiler is hindered. Then, there is a problem that the boiler cannot operate continuously. In order to maintain continuity of combustion as much as possible, stirring and ashing of the residue C is performed manually from the rear manhole of the combustion furnace with a scraping bar (Reiki) K, etc. It is difficult to operate a scraping bar (Reiki) K or the like in the furnace longer than the rear part of the furnace.

On the other hand, when a grate is provided and new fiber waste is put on the grate while being burned under the grate by utilizing the molten dripping which is a characteristic of combustion of fiber waste, the combustion under the grate is performed. Although there is an advantage that ignition is promptly performed by heat and flame and the continuity of combustion is improved, severe burning of the grate occurs,
Further, the residue that is difficult to burn under the grate accumulates and the area under the grate is filled with the residue, which causes the same problem as in the case of the conventional hearth combustion. The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned conventional problems, and suppresses the generation of a residue whether it is a thermoplastic resin-based fiber waste or a thermosetting resin-based fiber waste. It is an object of the present invention to provide a boiler for burning fiber waste, which is capable of maintaining good combustion.

[0007]

The present invention has been proposed in order to achieve the above object, and a boiler for burning fiber waste according to claim 1 comprises a fiber waste charging port, a combustion chamber and a heat source. A boiler for burning fiber waste equipped with an exchange device, wherein a required number of air jet nozzles are provided on the hearth and side walls of this combustion chamber, and for feeding the above-mentioned fiber waste provided on the side of this combustion chamber. And the pushing means for pushing the fiber waste into the combustion chamber from this feeding port, and for pushing out the residue remaining in the residue remaining portion of the hearth of this combustion chamber toward the discharge side. A predetermined length was arranged from the fiber waste push-in port side toward the discharge port, above the water-cooled residue pushing-out means arranged outside the combustion chamber and at the residue-remaining portion of the combustion chamber. It is equipped with a water-cooled grate.

In the boiler for burning fiber waste according to a second aspect of the present invention, the water-cooled grate is arranged in a state of being inclined obliquely upward from the inlet of the combustion chamber toward the inside of the combustion chamber. This inclination is to prevent burnout of the water-cooled grate due to poor circulation of cooling water in the water-cooled grate. In the boiler for combusting fiber waste according to claim 3, the hearth at the bottom of the combustion chamber is formed at successively lower positions by stepped portions gradually lowering from the residue generation portion to the discharge port. Each of them is provided with a water-cooling type residue push-out means for pushing the residue toward the discharge port so that the residue can be retracted.

[0009]

In the boiler for burning fiber waste according to the first aspect of the present invention, the thermoplastic resin-based fiber waste charged from the charging port is pushed into the combustion chamber by the pushing means and is located above the residual residue portion of the combustion chamber. It is received on the water-cooled grate arranged in and is burned on this water-cooled grate. What is melted and dropped from between the grate to the hearth by burning the fiber waste is further burned on the hearth to become a residue. Then, in the combustion on the grate of the fiber waste that is next charged from the charging port and pushed into the combustion chamber by the pushing means, the fiber waste on the grate is ignited by the combustion on the hearth. Combustion is continuously performed.

Further, since the fiber waste on the water-cooled grate thus charged is instantly ignited from the bottom by the flame on the hearth, the influence of the temperature drop in the boiler due to the input of the fiber waste is affected. There is little smoke generation due to incomplete combustion. Furthermore, since it uses a water-cooled grate,
Even if the resin-based fiber waste and its melt are burned above and below the water-cooled grate, the water-cooled grate does not burn.

On the other hand, especially in the case of thermosetting resin-based fiber waste, the residue generated by combustion on the hearth remains the residue necessary for igniting new fiber waste put on the grate. In addition, the residue extruded to the outlet side by the water-cooled residue extruding means, the extruded residue is supplied from the heat generated by the combustion in the hearth above and below the grate, the flame, and the air nozzle provided in the hearth. The air is further burned, and when it is pushed out to the outlet side by the next water-cooled residue pushing means, it is completely burned while being incinerated.

[0012] As a result, residues do not accumulate in the hearth below the grate, so that the air supply port of the hearth is not blocked and
The air supply is not interrupted and combustion continues in the hearth below the grate. As a result, the ignition of the fiber waste thrown on the grate becomes sufficient, and the fiber waste is always continuously burned in spite of intermittent feeding, the combustion ability is not impaired, and the water-cooled residue remains. Residue can be automatically discharged by the pushing means, and labor can be saved.

In the boiler for burning fiber waste according to a second aspect of the present invention, the water-cooled grate is arranged in a state of being inclined obliquely upward from the inlet of the combustion chamber toward the inside of the combustion chamber. Since the steam generated inside is sequentially raised in the obliquely upward direction by the inclination of the water-cooled grate, the water-cooled grate is not burned. The number and gaps of the water-cooled grate are taken into consideration in order to prevent the decrease of the combustion temperature due to cooling of the water-cooled grate and the accumulation of residues on the water-cooled grate.

In the boiler for burning fiber waste according to claim 3, in the thermosetting resin-based fiber waste, the residue generated by combustion is lower than that of the hearth through the step of the water-cooled residue-extruding means. It is extruded onto the hearth and is further extruded by the next water-cooled residue extruding means through the step to the next lower hearth. By providing the stepped portion in this manner, the stirring action due to the reversal of the residue occurs at the stepped portion, the combustion speed of the residue is increased, and the unburned material does not come out from the discharge port.

When the residue pushing means is provided in several stages,
In the hearth below the water-cooled grate, there is a large amount of residue and combustion is performed toward the discharge port, and the volume of the residue is reduced.Therefore, it is necessary to reduce the number of extrusions by the water-cooled residue extrusion means toward the discharge port. However, it is possible to change the number of adjustments for each stage. Further, since the residue does not stand still for a long time, the residue does not melt due to combustion heat and stick to the hearth. The water-cooled residue-extruding means cools the residue with high temperature because it comes into contact with the residue, and carries out forced circulation with a forced circulation pump so as to prevent burnout due to overheat due to vapor evaporated by contact heat. In this way, the residue is sequentially extruded onto the hearth that gradually decreases through the steps, and the residue is stirred and burned, so that the generation of clinker can also be suppressed.

[0016]

Embodiments of the boiler for burning fiber waste according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. Figure 1
FIG. 2 shows a boiler 1A for burning fiber waste according to the first embodiment. As shown in FIG. 1, the fiber waste combustion boiler 1A of the first embodiment includes a heat exchange device 30 including a fiber waste inlet 10, a combustion chamber 20, and a water wall 31.

On the hearth 21 and the side wall 22 of the combustion chamber 20, a required number of air jet nozzles 40 are provided. The ejection pressure of this air is set to be larger on the hearth 21 side than on the side wall 22 side. The reason is that even if a small amount of residue is deposited on the hearth 21 of the fiber waste, air penetrates the residue layer. Further, the inlet 10 provided on the side of the combustion chamber 20 for introducing a fiber waste (not shown), and an air cylinder or a hydraulic pressure for pushing the fiber waste into the combustion chamber 20 from the inlet 10. Cylinder 5
A pushing means consisting of 0 is provided.

Further, the residue (not shown) remaining in the residue-remaining portion of the hearth 21 of the combustion chamber 20 appears and disappears in the combustion chamber 20 in order to push it toward the discharge side, and is arranged outside the combustion chamber 20. Water-cooled residue pushing-out means consisting of the air cylinder or hydraulic cylinder 60, and a grate arranged above the residue-remaining portion of the combustion chamber 20 from the fiber waste push-in port 23 side toward the discharge port 24 by a predetermined length. 70 are provided.

The grate 70 is made of any metal grate, but in this embodiment it is made up of a plurality of water-cooled grate 71. This water-cooled grate 71 is arranged in a state of being inclined upward from the inlet 23 of the combustion chamber 20 toward the inside of the combustion chamber 20, and its tip is bent outward on both sides and connected to the water wall 31. And is in contact with the water pipe. The fiber waste charged from the fiber waste charging port 10 is pushed into the grate 70 and burns, and the melted material such as resin-based fiber scraps and the residue drop into the hearth 21.

The required number of air jet nozzles 40 are provided in a plurality of pipes 41 attached to the hearth 21 and the side wall 22 of the combustion chamber 20 toward the inside of the combustion chamber 20. As described above, the air jet nozzle 40 on the side of the hearth 21 is set to a high pressure, and the melt is burned while blowing upward to the vicinity of the hearth. The residue also burns on the hearth. Air cylinder 5
0 or the cylinder body 51 of the hydraulic cylinder is the inlet 10
The rod 52 is arranged on the rear side, and is configured so that the rod 52 projects into and out of the insertion port 10. A push plate 53 for pushing is attached to the tip of the rod 52.

At the tip of the rod 61 of the air cylinder or hydraulic cylinder 60, a water-cooled thin box-shaped long extrusion plate 62 is attached.
The tip of 2 is configured to push out the residue on the hearth 21 toward the discharge port 24 when the air cylinder or the hydraulic cylinder 60 is driven. Therefore, when the combustion products thrown into the water-cooled grate 70 are ignited by the combustion of the residue in the hearth below the water-cooled grate 70, the residue is moved to the discharge port 24, so that the residue does not accumulate.

Further, as shown in FIG. 3, the side wall of the combustion chamber 20 is filled with the cooling water W in the entire circumference and absorbs the combustion heat so that the combustion chamber 20 does not rise above a predetermined temperature.
In FIG. 3, reference numeral 85 indicates a water vapor discharge pipe, and 9
Reference numeral 0 is an air pipe, 91 is an air box connected to the air pipe 90, and 21A is an air nozzle provided in the hearth 21.

Next, the operation of the fiber waste burning boiler 1A of the first embodiment having the above construction will be described. Input port 10
The fiber waste (not shown) introduced from the above is pushed into the combustion chamber 20 by the forward movement of the rod 52 driven by the air cylinder or the hydraulic cylinder 50, so that the combustion chamber 2
It is received on a plurality of water-cooled grate 71 arranged above the residue residual part of 0, and is burned on this water-cooled grate 71.

The fiber waste burned on the water-cooled grate 71 is melted and dropped from between the plurality of water-cooled grates 71 onto the hearth 21 and re-burned. Therefore, the rod 51 of the air cylinder or the hydraulic cylinder 50 is next charged from the charging port.
Thus, the fiber waste pushed into the combustion chamber 20 is instantly ignited and burned by the combustion on the hearth 21 on the water-cooled grate 71.

Further, since the water-cooled grate 71 is used as the grate 70, even if the fiber waste and the melt thereof are burned above and below the water-cooled grate 71, the water-cooled grate 71 is burned out. There is no. On the other hand, hearth 2 generated by combustion
The residue on 1 is pushed out toward the discharge port 24 by the forward movement of the rod 61 driven by the air cylinder or the hydraulic cylinder 60. As a result, since there is no accumulation of residues in the hearth 21 below the water-cooled grate 70, the combustion efficiency is good, and the next fiber waste can be continuously burned.
Continuous operation of A is possible.

Further, the residue extruded from the hearth 21 under the water-cooled grate 70 is promoted to burn by using the combustion of the combusted matter of the water-cooled grate 70 as a heat source, and becomes ash without any unburned matter. In addition, due to the heat generated by the combustion of the fiber waste, the water wall 31
It is possible to effectively use the heat of the steam in which the water inside has evaporated and the steam in which the water inside the water cooling grate 71 has evaporated.

FIG. 4 shows a fiber waste burning boiler 1B of the second embodiment. In the fiber waste combustion boiler 1B of the second embodiment, the hearth 21 at the bottom of the combustion chamber 20 is used.
From the residue generating portion 25 to the discharge port 26 are sequentially formed at lower positions by the step portions 27, 28 and 29 that gradually decrease, and the residue is discharged to the discharge port 26 from each of the plurality of step portions 27, 28 and 29. A water-cooled residue pushing-out means including air cylinders or hydraulic cylinders 61, 62, 63 pushed out toward and away is disposed so as to be retractable. Also,
The discharge port 24 is provided with an opening / closing lid 24a that can be opened and closed vertically. The configuration of the other parts is almost the same as that of the fiber waste burning boiler 1A of the first embodiment, and therefore the same reference numerals are given and the description thereof is omitted.

Next, the operation of the fiber waste burning boiler 1B of the second embodiment will be described. Among the fiber wastes, the fiber wastes containing a large amount of thermosetting resin are water-cooled grate 7.
A large amount of residue is generated in the hearth under 1 and the residue is pushed out from the hearth under the water-cooled grate 71, and the residue does not burn out and accumulates. In addition, while reversing and stirring the residue due to the stairs drop of the water-cooled residue pushing means, the residue is reburned and sequentially moved to the discharge port. Burned ash of the residue does not stay in the furnace at high temperature for a long time, so there is no sticking of the burnt ash to the hearth due to softening and melting, so there is an advantage that the refractory in the hearth is less damaged. .

[0029]

As described above, according to the boiler for burning fiber waste of claim 1, a required number of air ejection nozzles are provided on the hearth and the side wall of the combustion chamber, and the combustion chamber lateral side. And a pushing means for pushing the fiber waste into the combustion chamber through the feeding port, and the residue remaining portion of the hearth of the combustion chamber. Existing in the combustion chamber in order to push out the remaining residue toward the discharge side, and the water-cooled residue pushing-out means arranged outside the combustion chamber, and the fiber waste pushing-in port side above the residue-remaining portion of the combustion chamber. Since it is provided with a grate arranged for a predetermined length from the discharge port to the discharge port, the thermoplastic resin-based and thermosetting resin-based chair fiber wastes are also burned on the grate and fired. It melts and falls from between the grate and is burned again on the hearth.

Moreover, since the charged fiber waste on the hearth is instantly ignited from below by the flame on the hearth, there is little influence of the temperature drop in the boiler due to the input of the fiber waste, and incomplete combustion occurs. No smoke is generated. Further, since the water-cooled grate is used, even if the fiber waste and its melt are burned above and below the water-cooled grate, the water-cooled grate is not burned. Furthermore, since the residue is pushed out to the outlet side by the water-cooled residue pushing means,
The residue can be automatically discharged, and labor can be saved.

According to the boiler for burning fiber waste according to the second aspect, the grate is constituted by a water-cooled grate, and the water-cooled grate is directed obliquely upward from the inlet of the combustion chamber toward the inside of the combustion chamber. Since it is arranged in an inclined state, steam is generated by the heat generated by the combustion of the fiber waste, but since this steam does not stay in the water-cooled grate, the water-cooled grate is overheated and burned out. Never.

In the boiler for burning fiber waste according to the third aspect of the present invention, the hearth at the bottom of the combustion chamber is formed in a stepwise position gradually lowering from the residue generating part to the discharge port. A water-cooled residue pushing-out means for pushing the residue toward the discharge port is provided at each of the plurality of steps so that the residue can be pushed in and out. Since the residue is re-combusted, the residue does not accumulate in the furnace.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front vertical sectional view of a first embodiment of a boiler for burning fiber waste according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a horizontal cross-sectional view of the boiler for burning fiber waste of the first embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a side vertical cross-sectional view of the boiler for burning fiber waste according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a front vertical sectional view of a boiler for burning fiber waste according to a second embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a clinker generated by re-combustion of a residue at the time of burning a fiber waste in a conventional boiler for burning a fiber waste.

[Explanation of symbols]

1A, 1B Boiler for combustion of fiber waste 10 Fiber waste input port 20 Combustion chamber 21 Hearth 21a, 21b, 21c Hearth 22 Side wall 23 Fiber waste push-in port 24 Discharge port 25 Residue generation part 26 Discharge port 27, 28, 29 Steps 30 Heat Exchanger 40 Air Jet Nozzle 50 Air Cylinder or Hydraulic Cylinder (Pushing Means) 60 Air Cylinder or Hydraulic Cylinder (Water Cooling Residue Pushing Means) 61, 62, 63 Air Cylinder or Hydraulic Cylinder (Water Cooling Residue Pushing Means) ) 70 grate 71 water-cooled grate

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A fiber waste combustion boiler equipped with a fiber waste inlet, a combustion chamber, and a heat exchange device, wherein a required number of air ejection nozzles are provided on the hearth and side walls of the combustion chamber. The inlet provided on the side of the combustion chamber for introducing the fiber waste, the pushing means for pushing the fiber waste into the combustion chamber through the inlet, and the residual residue portion of the hearth of the combustion chamber To the discharge side, the water-cooled residue pushing-out means arranged outside the combustion chamber to push the residue remaining in the combustion chamber toward the discharge side, and above the residue-remaining portion of the combustion chamber, the fiber waste. A boiler for burning fiber waste, comprising: a water-cooled grate arranged for a predetermined length from the material inlet side toward the outlet. 2. The boiler for burning fiber waste according to claim 1, wherein the water-cooled grate is arranged in a state in which the water-cooled grate is inclined obliquely upward from the inlet of the combustion chamber toward the inside of the combustion chamber. 3. The hearth at the bottom of the combustion chamber is formed at successively lower positions by stepped portions gradually lowering from the residue generation portion to the discharge port, and the residue is discharged to each of the plurality of stepped portions. The boiler for burning fiber waste according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a water-cooled residue pushing-out means for pushing out toward the base is disposed so as to be retractable.