JPH0848470A - Elevator device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve the safety in the anomaly of an elavator by installing the primary conductor of a linear motor on a balance weight, allowing the elevator to travel by applying a driving power by the primary conductor, and installing a brake device on the balance weight. CONSTITUTION:The elevator device is equipped with an armature 6 arranged along an elevator shaft and an induction linear motor consisting of a lamination body consisting of an inductor plate 52 and a magnetic body plate 53 which are installed on the balance weight 2, opposed to the armature 6, as a driving source for travelling and stopping an elevator cage 1 and the cage 1 is raised and lowered by applying a driving power to the balance weight 2 from the elevator shaft side. In order to control such the linear motor, a variable voltage variable cycle inverter is installed on a controller 10. Further, in such the elevator device, an emergent brake device 7 is installed on the balance weight 2, and a driving power is developed by engaging two brake shoes on a guide rail 5 if necessary, in anomaly, and the elevator cage 1 is brought into stop.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a rope type elevator apparatus, and more particularly to an improvement of an elevator apparatus using a linear motor for raising and lowering the same.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a conventional apparatus, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 58-58543
As disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 2003-163, there is known one in which a primary conductor of a linear motor is attached to a counterweight and a driving force is applied by this to drive an elevator.

[0003]

In the above-mentioned conventional apparatus, a linear motor is attached to the counterweight, a driving force is generated by the linear motor, and a brake is provided in the machine room to brake the elevator. There was a drawback that the space of the building was large and the height of the building could not be kept sufficiently low.

An object of the present invention is to provide an elevator system that can reduce the height of a building.

Another object of the present invention is to provide an elevator apparatus which can reduce the height of a building and, at the same time, does not impair safety when an elevator is abnormal.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION A first feature of the present invention is that an elevator apparatus driven by a linear motor between a counterweight and a hoistway is provided with a brake device for the counterweight. It is prepared.

A second feature of the present invention is that a counterweight is provided with a brake device, and an operating means for releasing the brake device is arranged on the building side.

[0008] A third feature of the present invention is that a counterweight is provided with a brake device, and operating means for operating the brake device is disposed on the building side.

[0009]

As described above, since the counterweight is provided with the brake device, the space above the hoistway can be kept small and the height of the building can be kept sufficiently low.

[0010] In addition, by disposing the operating means for releasing the brake device on the building side, the brake device on the counterweight of the elevator stopped due to some abnormality can be released from the building side. In this way, passengers can be rescued, and safety can be maintained.

Further, by disposing the operating means for operating the brake device on the building side, it is possible to stop the elevator during an emergency stop or during maintenance or inspection.

[0012]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An elevator control device according to the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the illustrated embodiments.

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the present invention in which the primary winding side of a linear motor is arranged in the elevator hoistway along the traveling direction (vertical direction) of the car, and correspondingly, The secondary winding side of the linear motor is attached to a counterweight, and the elevator is driven by the thrust of the linear motor.

In FIG. 1, 1 is an elevator car, 2 is a counterweight, and 3 is a rope. The rope 3 is hung over a pulley 4 attached to the uppermost part of the hoistway, and is a lift-type elevator. Is composed.

6 is an armature of the linear motor (primary winding side)
In the elevator hoistway, the counterweight 2 is vertically arranged at a position facing the side surface of the counterweight 2.
The secondary coils 61 are attached so as to be distributed in the thrust generation direction, that is, in the vertical direction.

On the side of the counterweight 2 facing the armature 6, a laminated body of a conductor plate 52 and a magnetic plate 53, which is a movable element (reaction plate) of the linear motor, is mounted. The traveling position of the counterweight 2 is defined by the guide rail 5.

Reference numeral 7 denotes an emergency brake device, which is mounted on the counterweight 2 and operates as an emergency brake by engaging with the guide rail 5 as required.

Reference numerals 8 and 9 denote tail cords (movable cables) connected to the car 1 and the counterweight 2, respectively, which are well known. Among them, the tail cord 9 is connected to the emergency brake device 7. It constitutes a road.

Reference numeral 10 denotes a control device which is connected to the armature 6 of the linear motor, the tail cords 8, 9 and the like, and which receives signals from an encoder 20 for detecting the rotation of the pulley 4, other hall signals and various control signals. It controls the running and stopping of the car 1 in response to a take-in, hall call or car call, and controls the operation and release of the emergency brake device 7 in response to a signal from a car speed detecting device or the like, not shown. Do
Carry out the required elevator control.

Reference numeral 12 is a floor of the machine room 11 and 13 is a ceiling. A pulley 4 is installed on the floor 12 of the machine room 11 and a rope 3 is suspended in a hanging manner.

In this embodiment, the rope 3 is suspended only by the pulley 4 having no driving mechanism, and therefore, the driving force for running and stopping the car 1 is a normal driving force. Unlike elevator systems, pulleys 4
Is not given to the rope 3 from the armature 6 and
It is directly applied to the counterweight 2 from the hoistway side by an induction motor type linear motor composed of a conductor plate 52 attached to the counterweight 2 facing the counterweight 2 and a laminated body made of a magnetic material plate 53. ing. For this reason, the control device 10 is provided with a variable voltage variable frequency inverter, which allows the primary coil 61 arranged in the armature 6 of the linear motor to supply three-phase AC power of variable voltage variable frequency. Is supplied to the counterweight 2 in a predetermined direction to give a driving force of a predetermined magnitude to control the operation of the car 1. Therefore, according to this embodiment, the pulley 4 that holds and suspends the rope 3 is provided in the machine room 11 provided in the upper part of the hoistway of the elevator.
Since it is only necessary to install the above, and the installation of a brake or the like is not necessary, it is possible to sufficiently reduce the size of the machine room 11 from the floor 12 to the ceiling 13.

Further, according to this embodiment, since the electric power is supplied to the linear motor only by supplying the electric power to the armature 6 attached to the hoistway of the elevator, the control device 10
The electric power for operating the elevator can be supplied from a fixed cable, which simplifies the configuration.

Since a linear motor generates a thrust between its armature (primary conductor side) and its secondary conductor side, the armature is arranged on the counterweight 2. Is also good.

Then, one embodiment of the present invention thus configured will be described with reference to FIG.

In the embodiment of FIG. 2, the armature 6 of the linear motor is attached to the counterweight 2, and the secondary conductor thereof is arranged on the hoistway side of the elevator.
Electric power is supplied to the armature 6 of the linear motor by a trolley conductor 14 arranged in a hoistway of an elevator.
The current collector 15 mounted on the counterweight 2 is configured to perform the operation, and the elevator control device is divided.
A control device 10B including a variable voltage variable frequency inverter for supplying AC power to the armature 6 of the linear motor is loaded on the counterweight 2, and a part that performs other control functions is configured as the control device 10A. At a suitable place on the hoistway side of the elevator, and
The transmission of signals between the control device 10A and the control device 10B and between the emergency braking device 7 is performed via the tail cord 9.

The control device 10A includes an emergency brake device 7
An emergency stop switch and a brake release permission switch for activating the brake are also provided, and are installed in a place where inspection and maintenance are easy, such as in an elevator hoistway pit or near a landing (hall). In this embodiment as well, the encoder 20 is attached to the shaft of the pulley 4, but it may be attached to the car 1 or the counterweight 2.

Therefore, also in this embodiment, the machine room 1
1 requires a small space, and further, a part of the control device including the inverter and the like is divided as the control device 10B, and the control device 10B is loaded on the counterweight 2. Therefore, the control device 10A can be downsized. Since the installation space is small, it is not necessary to prepare a special space for the installation, and it can be installed in the hoistway pit or a part of the hall, and the space required for the machine room 11 can be suppressed. it can.

Further, since the control device 10A can be installed in a place easily accessible by a staff member, such as in a hoistway pit or a hall, maintenance and inspection can be simplified. Further, according to this embodiment, the control device 10B has
Since an inverter required for driving a linear motor can be installed, the power to be supplied to the counterweight 2 via the trolley conductor 14 and the current collector 15 can be in the form of DC power, and in the case of three-phase AC power, etc. In comparison, the number of conductors can be reduced and the structure becomes simple.

Further, according to this embodiment, since the inverter for driving the linear motor can be installed very close to the armature 6 of the linear motor, the influence of switching noise due to the inverter control can be reduced and the inverter can be reduced. Since the impedance between the linear motor and the linear motor can be reduced, deterioration of control performance can be sufficiently suppressed.

The details of the counterweight 2 in the embodiment of FIG. 2 will be described with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4.

3 and 4, FIG. 3 is a front view, and FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view. In these figures, the guide rail 5 is made of a steel material which is a magnetic material. A conductor plate 52 made of aluminum or the like is laminated to form a secondary conductor (reaction plate) of the linear motor.
And is attached to the surface of the wall W of the hoistway by a bracket 51.

The entire counterweight 2 is held by a plurality of guide rollers 21 so as to be movable with respect to the guide rail 5, and the gap between the armature 6 of the linear motor and the guide rail 5 is kept substantially constant. It is designed to be drunk.

In particular, as is apparent from FIG. 4, the armatures 6 of the linear motor are arranged in pairs each other with the guide rail 5 interposed therebetween. Is to be balanced.

An emergency braking device 7 is attached to the lower end of the counterweight 2, and this is an electromagnetic release type friction braking device as shown in FIG. 5, which sandwiches the guide rail 5 and two friction plates ( Brake shoes) 72 are provided on the U-shaped member 73, and these friction plates 72 perform a friction braking action by pinching the guide rail 5 with a spring (not shown), but when a current is applied to the coil 71,
These friction plates 72 operate so as to be separated from the guide rail 5 against the force of the above-mentioned spring and the brake is released.

The emergency braking device 7 is used not only in an emergency but also in a normal elevator operating state.
Used to hold the car when it is stopped.

Next, the operation principle of the linear motor will be described.

As shown in FIG. 6, the armature 6 of the linear motor uses a laminated iron core 63 having a number of slots at right angles to the thrust direction. In the same manner as when they are developed in a three-dimensional manner, they are distributed with a predetermined pitch τ in multiple phases, for example, three phases, and when a three-phase alternating current is supplied thereto, a moving magnetic field in the direction of arrow S is generated. It was done. Therefore,
When the conductor plate 52 is held so as to correspond to the armature 6 so as to maintain a predetermined gap G, an eddy current is generated in the conductor plate 52 due to the above-mentioned moving magnetic field, and as a result, an electric motor is applied to the conductor plate 52. If the child 6 receives thrust in the same direction as the moving magnetic field, and as a result, if a moving magnetic field is created in the direction of the solid line of the arrow S, the conductor plate 52 will receive thrust in the direction of the dashed arrow, and the balance The weight 2 can be run along the guide rails 5. The conductor plate 52 is lined with the magnetic plate 53 because the armature 6
In order to form a magnetic path for the moving magnetic field due to the movement of the conductor plate 52 so that the function of the moving magnetic field effectively appears on the conductor plate 52, in the embodiment of FIGS. 3 and 4, the steel guide rail 5 performs the function. Is what it is.

Next, the control device 10A in this embodiment will be described.
Details of 10 and 10B will be described with reference to FIG.

In the embodiment of FIG. 7, as described above,
The first control device 10B mainly has a linear motor drive control function, and the second control device 10A includes an emergency stop input means STOP and a brake release command input means 15B. First, the linear motor 6 is driven. Control device 10B
Is installed on the counterweight 2, and its configuration is the power supply 5
A full-wave rectifier circuit CONV that converts three-phase alternating current input from 0 through the trolley conductor 14 and the current collector 15 into direct current by the diodes D _{1 to} D ₆ , a capacitor C that smoothes this direct current, and a smoothed capacitor after this smoothing. Converts DC into three-phase AC with variable voltage and variable frequency. Comprising transistors TRS ₁ ~TRS _6, a variable voltage variable frequency inverter INV, a resistor R that consumes regenerative power of the linear motor, the transistor TRS ₇ to be switched at the time of regeneration to consume regenerative electric power to the resistor R, the linear motor current And a current detector CT for detecting the current, and an inverter control circuit 115 for generating a base signal for modulating each transistor of the inverter device INV by a well-known pulse width method.

On the other hand, the second control device 10A comprises an input means STOP for emergency stop of the elevator and an emergency brake device 7
A signal from the input means 15B for forcibly opening the vehicle and various other signals such as an elevator call from the call button 40 are input to generate an elevator operation / stop signal or an emergency brake device. An optimal speed command can be obtained by counting the pulses of the encoder 20 based on a signal control device 111 that supplies power to 7 to release the brake or generates a braking force, and an operation command from the signal control device 111. The speed command device 112 for generating the speed command is input to the speed command device 112, the speed command is input to the speed command device 112, and a predetermined current / frequency / phase signal is output according to the vector control theory described later to output the Laer code 9. And a speed control device 113 that transmits the data to the inverter control device 115 of the first control device 10B via the speed control device 113.

Therefore, by using the input means STOP and 15B, it is possible to perform an emergency stop of the elevator, forcibly release the brake, and the like, to stop the elevator during maintenance and inspection of the elevator, and to perform an emergency stop and the like. In other words, it is possible to perform a so-called rescue operation of passengers.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 7, the full-wave rectifier circuit CONV is provided in the control device 10B. However, this is transferred to the control device 10A, and a direct current is supplied through the trolley conductor 14 and the current collector 15. You may do so.

Considering the equivalent circuit of the linear motor, the linear motor can be represented by the same equivalent circuit as the well-known three-phase induction motor, as shown in FIG. (Reference: “Induction motor” by Shigehiko Tsuboshima, published November 30, 1979).

Therefore, the same control as that of the induction motor should be possible.

On the other hand, due to recent advances in power electronics, the primary current I
₁ is decomposed into an exciting current component I _M that creates a magnetic flux and a torque current component I _t that is controlled according to the required torque, and its phase θ
Is known. However, as described above, the same vector control is possible in the linear motor because the equivalent circuit is the same, and this relationship is shown in FIG. Then, normally, the primary current I ₁ , the frequency f, and the phase θ can be controlled by keeping the exciting current component I _M constant and varying the component I _t that generates thrust according to the required thrust. This can be applied to the present invention.

In the linear motor, the synchronous speed V
_s (m / s) is represented by V _s = ατf (m / s). Here, τ represents the phase pitch in FIG.

[0047] Then, a the synchronous speed V _s, the linear motor armature and the difference between the relative moving velocity V of the secondary conductor, which is the ratio slippage S of synchronous speed V _s. That is, S = (V _s over _{V) / V s = 1-} V / V s.

On the other hand, if the thrust of the linear motor is F,
This thrust F is a function of the product of the slip S and the frequency f of the power supply.

Accordingly, the output frequency f of the inverter INV
Is a f = f _s + f _r. Here, f _s is the slip frequency and f _r is the moving frequency. The moving frequency f _r is equivalent to the rotation frequency of the induction motor.

In the above embodiments, the linear motor is described as an induction motor type, but the linear motor in the present invention is not limited to the induction motor type described above, but may be a synchronous motor type or a DC motor type. It goes without saying that any type of linear motor can be implemented.

Further, the linear motor of the present invention may be a known linear motor to which superconductivity is applied. That is, if a cooling device for causing superconductivity is arranged in a counterweight or a control device and the linear motor is cooled by the cooling device to keep the linear motor in the superconducting state, sufficient thrust can be easily obtained. .

[0052]

According to the present invention, by providing the counterweight with the linear motor and the brake, the upper space of the hoistway can be kept small and the height of the building can be kept low.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram showing an embodiment of an elevator device according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an overall configuration diagram showing another embodiment according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a front view showing an example of a counterweight in an embodiment of the present invention in which a linear motor is installed.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing an example of a counterweight in one embodiment of the present invention in which a linear motor is installed.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing an embodiment of an emergency braking device.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of a linear motor.

FIG. 7 is a block diagram of a control device.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of vector control.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of vector control.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ... Car basket, 2 ... Counterweight, 3 ... Rope, 4 ...
Pulley, 6: armature of linear motor, 7: emergency brake device, 11: upper part of the hoistway (machine room), 52, 53: reaction plate of linear motor, 158: input means for releasing the brake device, STOP: brake Input means for operating the device (emergency stop of the elevator).

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification code Internal reference number FI technical display location H02P 7/00 101 A

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A pulley arranged at an upper part of an elevator hoistway, a car and a counterweight suspended by a rope on the pulley, and a counterweight, and the counterweight and the hoistway. An elevator device having a linear motor and an inverter for controlling the linear motor, the elevator device comprising a brake device installed on the counterweight. 2. A pulley arranged at the upper part of an elevator shaft, a car and a counterweight suspended from the pulley via a rope, and a weight between the counterweight and the shaft. An elevator apparatus having a linear motor and an inverter for controlling the linear motor, comprising: a brake device installed on the counterweight; and operating means disposed on the building side for releasing the brake device. The elevator device characterized by the above. 3. A pulley arranged at the upper part of an elevator shaft, a car and a counterweight suspended from the pulley via a rope, and a weight between the counterweight and the shaft. An elevator apparatus having a linear motor and an inverter for controlling the linear motor, comprising: a brake device installed on the counterweight; and operating means arranged on a building side to operate the brake device. The elevator device characterized by the above.