JPH0848007A - Composite-layered sheet and composite waterproof construction method - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a safe composite waterproof construction method simple in execution properties and imparting excellent durability and waterproofness by bonding a polyester nonwoven fabric to both surfaces of a polyester film with specific thickness to obtain a composite-layered sheet and bonding the rear surface of the composite layered sheet to a substrate by an adhesive and laminating a urethane film waterproof layer to the upper surface of the composite-layered sheet. CONSTITUTION:A polyester nonwoven fabric is bonded to both surfaces of a polyester film with a thickness of 10-200mum by thermal fusion, vulcanization fusion or an adhesive so that the bonding amt. thereof is 20-100g/m<2> with respect to the upper surface of the polyester film and 100-300g/m<2> with respect to the rear surface thereof. Further, the total thickness of the obtained composite-layered sheet is set to 1-4mm. The rear surface of the composite-layered sheet is bonded to a substrate by an adhesive or a waterproof material and a urethane film waterproof layer is laminated to the upper surface of the composite-layered sheet. As a result, a safe composite waterproof construction method simple in execution properties and imparting highly reliable durability and waterproofness becomes possible.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method of exposing and waterproofing a composite coating film for applications requiring waterproofing such as rooftops, balconies, balconies and open corridors of buildings.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as an exposure waterproofing method used in the above fields, a sheet in which a synthetic polymer roofing sheet such as rubber, vinyl chloride resin or ethylene vinyl acetate resin is attached to the surface of a concrete skeleton with an adhesive agent There are a waterproof method and a coating film waterproof method in which a two-component urethane waterproof material is mixed and applied on site.

However, all of them have advantages and disadvantages, and they are very simple in workability as compared with the asphalt waterproof thermal method, but the sheet waterproof method is particularly complicated because the watertightness at the joint is poor. There is a problem that there is a lot of water leakage at the joint part of the shape part, but with the coating film waterproofing method on the other hand, the waterproof layer can be seamlessly finished on the whole surface,
There is a problem that it is not possible to easily determine whether or not the prescribed film thickness can be ensured uniformly on site.

That is, in the sheet waterproofing method, since the sheet is formed into a prescribed shape, a desired film thickness can be secured from the beginning just by splicing on site, and a curing and curing period is not necessary and a waterproof layer is formed. it can. However, at the joints, the sheets are bonded together using adhesives and adhesives such as chloroprene rubber and butyl rubber, which causes deterioration of the adhesive over a long period of time, temperature changes, and misalignment due to the movement of the substrate, etc. The sex was not always perfect. In addition, the adhesion of the sheet to the surface of the concrete skeleton was influenced by many factors such as improper adjustment of the groundwork, insufficient kneading of the adhesive, insufficient amount of application, and timing error in laminating, and adhesion failure was likely to occur anyway.

In the coating film waterproofing method, the two liquids are mixed and stirred at the site and applied with a trowel or the like, so that there is no joint unlike the waterproofing of the sheet and a completely seamless waterproof layer can be formed and the reaction is cured. However, since it forms a film, it has excellent adhesion to the base, but even if a prescribed amount of waterproof material is applied to achieve the desired film thickness, it may be possible to secure a uniform film thickness due to the unevenness and gradient of the base. It was unknown.

[0006]

Therefore, in order to make up for both of these drawbacks, a composite construction method has been considered in which a sheet and a urethane coating film are laminated in two layers. According to this method, the joint portion of the sheet is covered with the urethane coating film to be laminated to improve the watertightness, and the urethane coating film with an unstable coating thickness is assisted by the sheet with a secured film thickness. A safe and highly reliable waterproof layer can be formed. This sheet may be a homogeneous sheet such as a rubber asphalt sheet or a vulcanized rubber sheet, or a multi-layer sheet obtained by impregnating and coating asphalt on a polyester nonwoven fabric. However, even with these methods, the problem of poor adhesion between the sheet and the base is still not solved in the homogeneous sheet, and due to deterioration of the adhesive and repeated movement of the base, it is likely to cause partial peeling and swelling. Further, in the case of the multi-layered sheet, the urethane waterproof material was not well-adapted to the material, and it was difficult to adhere.

Further, in the adhesion method in which such a sheet is adhered to the entire surface of the base, not only is there a risk of partial peeling or breakage due to the fact that the base is directly subjected to the stress of cracks and joint movements, the moisture contained in the base When the temperature rises, it becomes water vapor, and the pressure may cause peeling at places where the waterproof sheet has weak adhesion. In particular, when a slab with concrete placed on the deck plate is used as a waterproofing base or the waterproofing layer on young concrete is water vapor inside the concrete due to heat during construction or immediately after construction or due to direct sunlight Often the layer is pushed up locally to bulge.

[0008]

The present invention solves the above problems, that is, the thickness is 10 to 200 μm.
A multilayer sheet obtained by adhering a polyester non-woven fabric to both surfaces of the polyester film, and a lower surface of the multilayer sheet is adhered to a base with an adhesive or a waterproof material, and then a urethane coating waterproof layer is provided on the upper surface of the multilayer sheet. It is a composite waterproofing method characterized by stacking layers.

The present invention will be described in detail below.

The multi-layer sheet according to the present invention is formed by adhering a polyester nonwoven fabric to both surfaces of a polyester film. Polyester is polyethylene, polypropylene,
Compared with nylon, vinylon, etc., it is preferable because it has excellent heat resistance, solvent resistance, and adhesion to a urethane coating film. Further, since both the film and the non-woven fabric are made of polyester, the adhesiveness between them is excellent. Therefore, the multi-layered sheet of the present invention has a sufficient waterproof property even by itself, and can maintain complete watertightness even if the urethane coating waterproof layer has a thin portion or a defect.

The thickness of the polyester film constituting the multilayer sheet in the present invention is 10 to 200 μm. 1
If the thickness is less than 0 μm, the reliability of waterproof performance becomes poor, and 200
If it exceeds μm, it becomes difficult to handle the sheet in terms of flexibility and weight. It is preferably 20 to 100 μm.

The basis weight of the non-woven fabric attached to the polyester film is 20 to 1 on the upper surface of the polyester film.
00g / m ^2, it is preferred that the lower surface is 100 to 300 g / m ^2.

The role of the non-woven fabric is that the upper surface is for strengthening the adhesiveness with the urethane coating waterproof layer, and the lower surface is for ventilation to improve the adhesiveness with the base or to laterally remove the base moisture. Play the role of a layer.

The polyester non-woven fabric can be attached by heat fusion, vulcanization fusion, or an adhesive.

The total thickness of the multilayer sheet to which the polyester nonwoven fabric is attached is preferably 1 to 4 mm. The thickness of the multilayer sheet mainly depends on the basis weight of the nonwoven fabric attached to the lower surface of the polyester film, but if the total thickness of the multilayer sheet is less than 1 mm, it is easily affected by the unevenness of the base,
Not only is it difficult to form a uniform urethane coating waterproof layer, but it is also difficult to exhibit sufficient breathability. If it exceeds 4 mm, the cushioning property will be high, and the urethane coating film waterproof layer will be adversely affected during walking. Especially the total thickness of the multi-layer sheet is 1.2m
m-2.8 mm is preferable.

As a concrete multi-layer sheet, for example, 50 g / m on the upper surface of a polyester film having a thickness of 25 mm
^2. A multilayer sheet having 230 g / m ² of polyester non-woven fabric attached on the lower surface by heat fusion.

The multilayer sheet is obtained by adhering the lower surface of the multilayer sheet to a base with an adhesive or a waterproof material, and then laminating a urethane coating waterproof layer on the upper surface of the multilayer sheet. That is, the multi-layered sheet is applied to the base immediately after applying the urethane adhesive or urethane waterproofing agent, and the adhesive or waterproofing agent is left in the ventilation layer to impregnate the nonwoven fabric in an appropriate amount and the reaction cures. Therefore, it can firmly adhere to the base. Further, by laminating the urethane waterproof material on the upper surface of the multilayer sheet, the entire area of the nonwoven fabric on the upper surface is impregnated, and by contacting the polyester film as well, the urethane waterproof layer and the multilayer sheet are more firmly bonded. be able to.

The adhesive or waterproof material used for sticking the multi-layered sheet to the base is not particularly limited to urethane adhesives, epoxy adhesives, urethane waterproofing materials, etc. Since they are coated, those containing a large amount of solvent and moisture-curing type adhesives such as one-component urethane adhesives are not preferable. However, when a multi-solvent adhesive is used, it can be used if the multilayer sheet is applied after the solvent has evaporated to some extent. In particular, a two-component urethane adhesive or a two-component urethane waterproof material is preferable from the viewpoint of adhesiveness and cost.

As a material for the urethane coating film waterproof layer used in the present invention, a known polyurethane coating film waterproof material system is preferable, and a roof coating film waterproof material JIS is more preferable.
It is to use a urethane coating film waterproof material having a performance that passes the A6021 urethane rubber type 1 standard. When the urethane waterproof material is applied, the applied film thickness is usually 2 to
It is preferably 5 mm.

As described above, according to the method of the present invention, the thickness of 1
A multi-layered sheet in which a polyester nonwoven fabric is attached to both sides of a polyester film of 0 to 200 μm is adhered to an underlayer with an adhesive or a waterproof material, and a urethane coating waterproof layer is laminated on top of that to provide double waterproofing. Make up for the disadvantages,
Moreover, it is safer and more durable, making full use of the advantages of both.
A composite waterproofing method with highly reliable waterproofing becomes possible. Further, since the nonwoven fabric is fused to both ends of the multi-layered sheet, the adhesiveness to the base or the urethane waterproof layer is extremely good, and peeling or partial swelling does not occur for a long period of time.

The composite waterproofing method of the present invention can be applied to the surface of a building or the like.

[0022]

EXAMPLES The present invention will be specifically described below with reference to examples and comparative examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.

Example 1 After applying 0.25 kg / m ² of urethane type two-component adhesive to a concrete panel, 50 g / m ^{2 was} applied to the upper surface of a polyester film having a thickness of 25 μm.
^{2. A} multi-layer sheet obtained by heat-sealing a polyester nonwoven fabric of 230 g / m ² was attached to the lower surface. Further, a urethane-based two-component waterproof material was applied onto it from above at 3.0 kg / m ² to form a composite waterproof layer. Finally, 0.2 kg / m ² of acrylic urethane type two-component top coat was applied to obtain a urethane composite coating layer.

(Example 2) After applying 0.25 kg / m ² of urethane-based two-component adhesive to a concrete panel, 40 g / m ^{2 was} applied on the upper surface of a polyester film having a thickness of 50 μm.
^{2. A} multilayer sheet obtained by heat-sealing a polyester nonwoven fabric of 210 g / m ² was attached to the lower surface. Further, a urethane-based two-component waterproof material was applied with a half amount of 4.0 kg / m ² , and after drying, the remaining half amount was applied to form a composite waterproof layer. Finally, 0.2 kg / m ² of acrylic urethane type two-component top coat was applied to obtain a urethane composite coating layer.

Comparative Example 1 A chloroprene rubber adhesive was applied to a concrete panel at 0.2 kg / m ² and then a 1.8 mm thick polymer-modified asphalt sheet mixed with a styrene-butadiene copolymer was applied.
A urethane-based two-component waterproofing material was applied thereon to 3.0 kg / m ² to form a composite waterproofing layer. Finally, 0.2 kg / m ² of acrylic urethane type two-component top coat was applied to obtain a urethane composite coating layer.

Comparative Example 2 A chloroprene rubber adhesive of 0.2 kg / m ^{2 was} applied to a concrete panel, and a polyester non-woven fabric was impregnated with polymer-modified asphalt as a core material and coated with styrene-butadiene having a thickness of 2.0 mm. -A sheet mixed with the copolymer was attached. A urethane-based two-component waterproofing material was applied thereon to 3.0 kg / m ² to form a composite waterproofing layer. Finally, 0.2 kg / m ² of acrylic urethane type two-component top coat was applied to obtain a urethane composite coating layer.

(Comparative Example 3) A urethane-based two-component adhesive agent was applied to a concrete panel at 0.25 kg / m ^2, and then 50 g / m was applied to the upper surface of a polyethylene film having a thickness of 100 μm.
^{2. An} olefin-based multilayer sheet obtained by heat-sealing a polypropylene nonwoven fabric of 300 g / m ² was attached to the lower surface.
Furthermore, 3.0 kg / of urethane 2 liquid waterproof material
m ^{2 was} applied to form a composite waterproof layer. Finally, 0.2 kg / m ² of acrylic urethane type two-component top coat was applied to obtain a urethane composite coating layer.

[Evaluation] Evaluation was performed according to the following method, and the results are shown in Table 1.

<Interlayer adhesion> Using the test pieces of the concrete panels obtained in Examples and Comparative Examples, the adhesion strength (unit: kg / m ² ) was measured and the peeling state was observed by the Kenken-type test method. went.

<Blistering test> A hole of 10 mmφ penetrating through the center of a concrete plate for sidewalks of 60 mm thickness × 300 mm width × 300 mm length is formed in the center, 40 mmφ release paper is provided, and a composite waterproof layer is applied on it, and 60 ° C. In this state, a pressure of 1 kg / m ² was applied from the hole on the back surface for 1 hour, and abnormalities such as enlargement of the insulating portion of the release paper were observed.

<Breathability> As shown in FIG. 1, length (L)
Of the asbestos slate plate having a dimension of 1,200 mm and a width (W) of 600 mm was used as the base 21 to form each coating film to prepare the test body 1. The coating has a length (l) of 10
It was formed to have a size of 00 mm and a width (w) of 500 mm (this was designated as Specimen 2). Next, the test apparatus 8 as shown in FIG. 2 was attached to the test body 1, and 10 mmAq of pressure air was sent from the air feed port of the test body, and the outflow air amount (unit: ml / min) was read by the minute flow meter. Outflow amount is 1
There is an example that the blistering of the waterproof layer does not occur in the system of 70 ml / min or more.

[0032]

[Table 1]

[0033]

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION In accordance with the present invention, a multi-layered sheet is used in combination, and the advantage of waterproofing urethane coating film is further utilized, and the adhesion to the substrate,
It is possible to provide an excellent urethane coating film composite waterproof material that does not cause adhesiveness with the urethane waterproof layer, partial peeling or swelling due to moisture rising from the base.

Compared with the asphalt waterproof thermal method, the workability is very simple and the urethane waterproof material can be applied on the multi-layer sheet, so that it is easy to secure the specified film thickness uniformly. It is double waterproof, and it enables a more complex, waterproof construction method that is safe, durable, and highly reliable.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1A is a plan view of a test body used for a breathability test in an example, and FIG. 1B is a front view of a test body used for a breathability test in an example.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a test apparatus used for air permeability test in Examples.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1: Specimen 2: Specimen 3: Air supply port 4: Air supply groove 5: Full adhesion part 6: Sealing processed part 7: Sealing unprocessed part 8: Test equipment 9: Pressure gauge 10: Micro flow meter 11: Pressure regulator 12: Pressure reducing valve 13: Pressure cylinder 21: Base

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A multi-layer sheet comprising a polyester film having a thickness of 10 to 200 μm and a polyester nonwoven fabric attached to both sides thereof. 2. A multilayer sheet comprising a polyester film having an upper surface of 20 to 100 g / m ² and a lower surface of 100 to 300 g.
/ M ² It is made to adhere and the multilayer sheet of Claim 1 3. The multi-layer sheet according to claim 1 or 2, which is obtained by heat-sealing, vulcanizing-melting or adhering a polyester non-woven fabric on the surface of the polyester film. 4. The multilayer sheet according to claim 1, wherein the multilayer sheet has a total thickness of 1 to 4 mm. 5. The lower surface of the multilayer sheet according to claim 1, which is selected from claims 1 to 4, is adhered to a base with an adhesive or a waterproof material, and then a urethane coating waterproof layer is laminated on the upper surface of the multilayer sheet. A composite waterproofing method characterized by: