JPH08333587A - Main reactor in plant making solid fuel from refuse - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To shorten a treating time in making refuse to a solid fuel. CONSTITUTION: A mixture 116 of combustible refuse after crushing and quick lime as an additive is stirred in each chamber 101a-101c of a reactor 10 by each fan 104. Each bottom wall 114a-114c has double structure, steam is supplied into the inside space to heat the mixture 116. Furthermore, a kerosene is burned by a hot air generator 4 and a high temperature burning gas having low oxygen concentration is generated and the gas is made to a hot air by an air blower 6 and supplied into each chamber 101a-101c through a supplying pipe 8. The mixture 116 is heated even by the hot air and decomposition of organic materials in the refuse is accelerated. Simultaneously with the reaction, the mixture 116 of the refuse is dried by the hot air. Therefore, a time required for succeeding drying process can be shortened and a treating time of whole plant can be shortened.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a main reactor of a plant for converting combustible waste into solid fuel.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Garbage discharged from ordinary households and businesses,
Most of the so-called municipal waste is either incinerated or landfilled at the final disposal site. However, in recent years, there has been a growing demand for recycling of garbage against the backdrop of heightened awareness of environmental conservation, and along with this, each local government aims to create a waste recycling society and separate collection of garbage and collection of resource garbage. Are actively implementing.

Recycling of waste can be realized in various ways, one of which is to convert combustible waste into solid fuel. Conventionally,
In general, combustible waste was converted into solid fuel by the following procedure. FIG. 3 is a flowchart thereof. The combustible waste is, for example, first thrown into the receiving and supplying conveyor from the waste collecting vehicle (step S1) and conveyed to the crusher by the conveyor,
There, it is crushed to a size of about 10 cm (step S
2). A hydraulically driven biaxial shearing type crusher or the like is used as the crusher, and dust is crushed by two cutting disks that rotate in opposite directions.

[0004] Quick lime (CaO), which is a strong alkaline substance, is then added as an additive to the dust after crushing (step S3), and then, for example, in a rotary hammer crusher, it is on the outer peripheral portion of the hammer. Finer by a screen and a high-speed rotating hammer, 2-3 cm
It is crushed to some extent (step S4). Next, the sorting machine removes glass and metal pieces other than the combustible dust (step S5). This sorter, for example, blows from below while vibrating an inclined board with a large number of holes to eliminate the above-mentioned non-combustible heavy material or use a magnet to remove magnetic materials such as iron and its accompanying materials. .

[0005] Quick lime is again added to the combustible dust from which the incombustibles have been removed (step S6), and the mixture is put into the main reactor (step S7). The main reactor is composed of, for example, a reaction tank divided into five chambers, and while the introduced dust sequentially moves in each chamber, the organic matter forming combustible waste reacts with quicklime to decompose the organic matter. By decomposing such organic matter, sterilization or detoxification of dust is also performed. A space is provided inside the floor of each room of the reaction tank, and water vapor is passed through the space to remove dust in the reaction tank from 70 ° C to 70 ° C.
The mixture is heated to about 90 ° C. and further stirred by a stirring blade to promote the reaction between organic matter and quick lime. In addition, an exhaust pipe is attached to each chamber of the reaction tank in order to discharge steam and the like generated by heating.

The dust obtained by decomposing the organic matter with quick lime is then transferred to a compression molding machine and molded into pellets (step S8). As the compression molding machine, for example, a rotary press machine is used, which has a cylindrical shape with a diameter of 1
From the inside of a die having a large number of holes of about 3 cm, dust after the reaction treatment is pressed by a roll and molded into pellets. The dust pellets thus obtained are put into a drier, and hot air generated by burning kerosene or the like is circulated and dried (step S9). The water content of the waste pellets after drying is about 5%, and they are carried out as solid fuel. The water content of the original combustible waste is usually about 50%, but the water content gradually decreases in each step before the drying step. Especially, in the main reactor, heating and exhausting are performed.
Also, since it reacts with quicklime, the water content is greatly reduced. Usually, the water content of the waste removed from the main reactor is 3
It is about 0%. In the subsequent compression molding step, the water content is further reduced by several percent, so that in the dryer, the water content of slightly less than 30% is reduced to about 5% as described above.

[0007]

One important performance of such a waste treatment plant is treatment time. That is, it is preferable that the time required from the input of dust to the receiving / supplying conveyor to the final production of solid fuel is as short as possible. Therefore, shortening the processing time is an issue that must always be addressed.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a main reaction of a solid waste fuel conversion plant which realizes a reduction in processing time by enabling the reaction step of combustible waste and additives and the subsequent drying step to be partially overlapped. To provide a machine.

[0009]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a solid waste fueling plant which contains a mixture of combustible waste and an additive and which is equipped with a reaction tank for heating the mixture while stirring. In the main reactor of, a hot air generator for generating a high temperature gas, a supply pipe for guiding the high temperature gas generated by the hot air generator into the reaction tank, an exhaust pipe connected to the reaction tank, An air blower for circulating the high-temperature gas generated by the hot air generator into the reaction tank.

The present invention is also characterized in that the reaction tank comprises a plurality of chambers connected to each other through predetermined connecting ports. The invention is also characterized in that the reaction vessel consists of three chambers. The present invention is also characterized in that the supply pipe and the exhaust pipe are provided for each room. The present invention is also characterized in that the hot air generating device burns fuel to generate the high temperature gas. The invention is also characterized in that the fuel is kerosene. The present invention also provides
The temperature of the high-temperature gas is in the range of 60 ° C to 100 ° C. The present invention is also characterized in that the blower is attached to at least one of the supply pipe and the exhaust pipe. The invention is also characterized in that the additive is quicklime.

[0011]

The hot gas generated by the hot air generator is introduced into the reaction tank through the supply pipe by the function of the blower, flows through the reaction tank, and then flows out of the reaction tank through the exhaust pipe. Therefore, according to the present invention, it is possible to dry the combustible dust to a required level with hot air by circulating the high temperature gas in the reaction tank while reacting the combustible dust with the additive. As a result, the time required for drying the combustible waste in the next drying step can be shortened, and the processing time of the entire plant can be shortened.

[0012]

EXAMPLES Next, examples of the present invention will be described. FIG.
Is a front view of the main reactor of the refuse solid fuel conversion plant according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a plan view thereof. This main reactor 2 is shown in FIG.
It constitutes a combustible waste solidification plant for carrying out the process (1), and is provided with a hot air generator 4, a reaction tank 10, a supply pipe 8, an exhaust pipe 12, and blowers 6 and 14. The reaction tank 10 has a cylindrical shape, and has three bottom walls 114a, 1 inside.
Three rooms 101a up and down by 14b and 114c
It is divided into 101c. A rotary shaft 102 penetrates through the center of the reaction tank 10, and a horizontal stirring blade 104 is attached to each rotary chamber 102 for each room. A motor 16 and a speed reducer 18 are arranged above the reaction tank 10, and the power of the motor 16 is reduced by the speed reducer 18 and transmitted to the rotary shaft 102.

A dust inlet 112 is provided on the ceiling of the reaction tank 10, and a bottom wall 114 of each of the rooms 101a to 101c.
A discharge port 110 is provided in each of a to 114c. The inlet 112 and the outlet 110 are normally closed by predetermined doors. Bottom wall 114a
~ 114c has a double structure and its internal space 11
Water vapor is supplied to 5 through a predetermined supply port 122 (see FIG. 2). The mixture 116 of dust and additives stored in each of the rooms 101a to 101c is indirectly heated by this steam. The steam supplied to the internal space 115 of the bottom walls 114a to 114c heats the dust mixture 116, and then the predetermined exhaust port 124 (FIG. 2) is used to cause the reaction tank 1 to flow.
It is discharged outside 0. Each of the rooms 101a to 101c is provided with a hot air supply port 118 and a discharge port 120. The hot air supply pipe 8 is connected to the supply port 118, while the exhaust pipe 12 is connected to the discharge port 120. A mesh cover 106 is provided at the opening of the exhaust port 120 of each room 101a to 101c to prevent dust accumulated in each room from rising and being discharged through the exhaust port 120.

The hot air generator 4 burns kerosene to generate high temperature combustion gas having a low oxygen concentration, and its outlet is connected to the inlet 6a of the blower 6 by a predetermined pipe. The blower port 6b of the blower 6 is connected to the other end of the supply pipe 8. On the other hand, the other end of the exhaust pipe 12 is connected to the suction port 14a of the blower 14.

Next, the operation will be described. A mixture 116 of combustible waste after crushing and quicklime as an additive is introduced into the inlet 11.
When it is put into the reaction tank 10 through 2
It is stored in 1a. At this time, the rotation of the motor 16 is transmitted to the rotary shaft 102 by the speed reducer 18, and the rotary shaft 10 rotates.
2 rotates at a speed of about several times per second. Therefore,
The mixture 116 of dust in the room 101a is the stirring blade 104
Is stirred by. Then, after a lapse of a predetermined time, the door of the discharge port 110 is opened, and the dust mixture 116 is discharged.
All fall into the next room 101b. Room 101b
However, the mixture 116 of dust is stirred by the stirring blades 104, and after a predetermined time has elapsed, the door of the outlet 110 of the bottom wall 114b is opened, and the mixture 116 falls into the last chamber 101c. The dust mixture 116 is stirred in the chamber 101c for a further predetermined time, and then discharged from the reaction tank 10 through the discharge port 110 provided in the bottom wall 114c. In this way, the waste is sequentially sent from room to room of the reaction tank 10, while each time the input port 11
From the second, new garbage is thrown into the room 101a. Therefore, dust is always stored in each of the rooms 101a to 101c, and is stirred by the stirring blades 104, respectively.

The organic matter contained in the waste in the reaction tank 10 is
Although it reacts with quicklime and is decomposed, in order to promote this reaction, high-temperature steam is always supplied to the internal space 115 of each bottom wall 114a-114c. This steam heats the mixture 116 of quick lime and dust in each of the rooms 101a to 101c to accelerate the above reaction.

On the other hand, the hot air generator 4 burns kerosene to generate a high-temperature combustion gas having a low oxygen concentration, and this gas is blown by the blower 6 through the supply pipe 8 to each room 10.
The hot air is supplied to 1a to 101c. And
The mixture 116 of dust in each room is heated to about 80 ° C. by the steam and the hot air, and the reaction proceeds at a desired rate.

Further, this hot air is extremely effective in drying the dust mixture 116. That is, the hot air is blower 6
After being blown into each of the rooms 101a to 101c and flowing in each room, the air is blown out by the blower 14 through the exhaust port 120 and the exhaust pipe 12. Therefore, the steam generated from dust by heating is quickly carried away by the hot air, and the drying of the mixture 116 is promoted.
Specifically, in this method, the water content of dust can be reduced to about 20% within a relatively short time, and in the subsequent drying step, the water treatment can be performed by further reducing the water content by about 15%. Can be completed. As described above, in the reactor of this example, not only the waste and the additive are reacted, but also the waste is dried at the same time. Therefore, the reaction between the waste and the additive as in the conventional case and the subsequent drying treatment are performed. The drying process can be completed in a shorter time than in the case of performing it separately, and the entire processing time can be significantly shortened.

In this embodiment, the reaction tank 10 is divided into three rooms, but the number of rooms can be appropriately increased or decreased according to the performance required of the main reactor. Also, the number of blowers may be only one, depending on the flow rate of hot air to be supplied. Although the kerosene is burned in the hot air generator 4, various fuels other than kerosene can be used in consideration of cost and environment. In addition to using combustion gas as hot air, it is also possible to heat air and send it into the reaction tank. However, in that case,
Oxygen in the air makes dust easier to ignite, so it is necessary to take this into consideration.

[0020]

As described above, in the main reactor of the refuse solid fuel conversion plant of the present invention, the high temperature gas generated by the hot air generator is introduced into the reaction tank through the supply pipe by the function of the blower, After flowing through the reaction tank, it goes out of the reaction tank through the exhaust pipe. Therefore, while reacting the combustible dust and the additive, a high temperature gas can be circulated in the reaction tank to dry the combustible dust to the required level with hot air. As a result, the time required for drying the combustible waste in the next drying step can be shortened, and the processing time of the entire plant can be shortened.

When the hot air generator is used to generate hot air even in the original drying process of the refuse solid fuel conversion plant to dry the waste, the hot air generator is also used as the hot air generator according to the present invention. be able to. Thereby, the increase in construction cost due to the implementation of the present invention can be made small. That is, a plant equipped with the main reactor of the present invention can be constructed at a slight cost increase.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view of a main reactor of a refuse solid fuel conversion plant of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of a main reactor of the refuse solid fuel conversion plant of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a process diagram showing a process in a conventional refuse solid fuel conversion plant.

[Explanation of symbols]

 2 Main Reactor 4 Hot Air Generator 10 Reaction Tank 6, 14 Blower 8 Supply Pipe 12 Exhaust Pipe 16 Motor 101a, 101b, 101c Room 102 Shaft 104 Stirring Blade 112 Dust Inlet 114, 114b, 114c Bottom Wall 116 Mixture

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued front page (72) Noboru Nonoyama 4-6-15 Sendagaya, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo Fujita Co., Ltd. (72) Hiromi Taniguchi 2-1-1 Toyosu, Koto-ku, Tokyo Ishikawajima Harima Heavy industry Co., Ltd. Tokyo No. 1 factory (72) Inventor Kazuhiro Kondo 11-11 Haneda-Asahi-cho, Ota-ku, Tokyo Ebara Corporation (72) Inventor Koji Tabuchi 2-3-6 Marunouchi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo Ryosho Co., Ltd.

Claims (9)

[Claims] 1. A mixture of combustible waste and additives,
In a main reactor of a solid waste fueling plant equipped with a reaction tank for heating the mixture while stirring, a hot air generator for generating a high-temperature gas, and the high-temperature gas generated by the hot air generator for the reaction tank And a blower for circulating the high-temperature gas generated by the hot air generator into the reaction tank. Main reactor of solid fuel conversion plant. 2. The main reactor of a refuse solid fuel conversion plant according to claim 1, wherein the reaction tank comprises a plurality of chambers connected through a predetermined connection port. 3. The main reactor of a refuse solid fuel conversion plant according to claim 2, wherein the reaction tank comprises three chambers. 4. The main reactor of a refuse solid fuel conversion plant according to claim 2, wherein the supply pipe and the exhaust pipe are provided for each room. 5. The main reactor of a refuse solid fueling plant according to claim 1, wherein the hot air generator burns fuel to generate the high temperature gas. 6. The main reactor of a refuse solid fuel conversion plant according to claim 5, wherein the fuel is kerosene. 7. The temperature of the high temperature gas is 60 ° C. to 10 ° C.
The main reactor of the refuse solid fuel conversion plant according to claim 1, which is in the range of 0 ° C. 8. The main reactor of a refuse solid fuel conversion plant according to claim 1, wherein the blower is attached to at least one of the supply pipe and the exhaust pipe. 9. The main reactor of a refuse solid fuel conversion plant according to claim 1, wherein the additive is quicklime.