CN216584888U - Garbage carbonization treatment system based on thermal cracking - Google Patents
Garbage carbonization treatment system based on thermal cracking Download PDFInfo
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- CN216584888U CN216584888U CN202220141030.4U CN202220141030U CN216584888U CN 216584888 U CN216584888 U CN 216584888U CN 202220141030 U CN202220141030 U CN 202220141030U CN 216584888 U CN216584888 U CN 216584888U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a rubbish carbomorphism processing system based on thermal cracking, include through continuous rubbish storage pool, refuse separation subsystem, drying equipment, breaker, drying device, prilling granulator and thermal cracking carbomorphism device step by step, be connected with mixed combustible gas processing subsystem on thermal cracking mixed combustible gas outlet of thermal cracking carbomorphism device, thermal cracking carbomorphism device's high temperature tail gas discharge port pass through the pipeline with drying device's air intake links to each other in advance, drying device's odor discharge port with drying equipment's air inlet intercommunication, drying equipment's odor discharge port and rubbish storage pool's odor discharge port all are connected to odor treatment subsystem. Not only can realize the secondary energy utilization of tar and combustible gas generated in the anaerobic thermal radiation carbonization treatment process of the household garbage, but also can effectively avoid various defects in the traditional technology.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to rubbish environmental protection processing technology field, concretely relates to rubbish carbomorphism processing system based on thermal cracking.
Background
Along with the rapid development of global economy and industrialization, the scale of cities is continuously enlarged, the total amount of urban domestic garbage is increased day by day, and in the process of industrially treating the urban domestic garbage, in order to achieve the purposes of reducing and completely treating the garbage, the garbage is treated in two ways of incineration and landfill. But simultaneously brings about the hidden trouble that can not be eradicated: secondary pollution of waste water, waste gas and waste residue. Especially, most cities in China are suffering from the trouble caused by the fact that domestic garbage cannot be effectively disposed, and the garbage disposal becomes a great challenge for sustainable development in China.
Because people's consciousness about environmental pollution improvement is strengthened, the demand for three-waste pollution improvement in the garbage treatment process is higher and higher, at present, the most common garbage treatment modes of all countries in the world only comprise two main modes of landfill and incineration, and the auxiliary modes of high-temperature compost (odor), RDF derived fuel and KKK (cement kiln) are also involved in treatment, so that the problem that the final departure of garbage is not thoroughly solved!
1. Method for burning garbage
The refuse incineration is a high-temperature heat treatment technology, i.e. the municipal solid waste is used as solid fuel and put into an incinerator to be mixed with coal, petroleum or natural gas for combustion.
The advantages are that: the volume of the garbage can be reduced by a garbage burning method, the volume can be reduced by 80-90% after the garbage is generally burned, and the volume reduction effect is quite obvious. The occupied area is relatively large, the site selection is difficult, the urban area is relatively close, the garbage transportation cost is reduced, and the treatment period is short. Meanwhile, the heat energy generated by burning the garbage can be recycled for power generation, and the residual gas is used for heating, so that the waste is changed into valuable, and the recycling degree is high.
The disadvantages are as follows: firstly, the burned tail gas contains a large amount of particulate matters, sulfur oxides SOx, nitrogen oxides NOx, heavy metals, dioxin and other odor pollutants, cannot be thoroughly and effectively treated, secondly, the tail gas is completely mixed and burned due to no separation process, residues contain a large amount of heavy metals and cannot be treated in a harmless manner, thirdly, lime water is sprayed and deacidified by a wet method, sulfur dioxide needs to be effectively treated, and the tail gas is too high in exhaust temperature (300 ℃), tar is in a vaporized molecular state and cannot be thoroughly removed, the adhesive force is too poor and the principle state of similar lubricating oil exists. Fourthly, a large amount of sulfur-containing gypsum and waste water are generated.
Dioxin in the environment is difficult to naturally degrade and eliminate and can only be cracked at the high temperature of 1200-1500 ℃. Thus, dioxin pollution is a great problem related to human health and survival and must be strictly controlled.
2. Traditional hot-blast stove sludge drying and carbonizing technology
The advantages are that: firstly, the furnace temperature is high by 800-950 ℃, the garbage and sludge can be effectively and rapidly dried or carbonized, and secondly, the dust removal and flame reduction by the water spraying method are rapid, and the energy consumption is low. And thirdly, the garbage is mixed with coal and a small amount of biomass carbon for combustion, so that the volume of the garbage is reduced by 70%, the volume reduction effect is remarkable, the occupied area is small, the site selection is flexible, the garbage transportation cost is reduced by being close to a city area, and the treatment period is short. Fourthly, the waste is changed into valuable, and the ore briquette carbon slag can be used as a baking-free brick material.
The disadvantages are as follows: firstly, dust removal and temperature reduction are carried out by a water spraying method, the treatment capacity of waste water is large, secondly, odor containing a large amount of tar cannot be eradicated, biological bacteria deodorization treatment cannot be carried out (the flora is most afraid of oil), the tar is adhered to an ultraviolet tube, the photolysis ozone oxidation efficiency is greatly reduced, the active carbon adsorption is carried out by a basic method, and the odor cannot be eradicated. High-temperature sulfur dioxide gas generated by coal combustion is combined with spray water (SO)2+H2O＝H2SO3) Sulfurous acid water increases the difficulty of wastewater treatment. Fourthly, the acid etching speed of the equipment is high.
3. Carbonization technology of traditional thermal cracking kettle
The advantages are that: firstly, the temperature of heat radiation in the kettle is 450 ℃ and 550 ℃, various garbage can be gasified and carbonized without oxygen, secondly, the carbon slag is used for soil improvement or activated carbon preparation after being sorted,
the disadvantages are as follows: tar and petroleum coke are easy to be adhered, the machine needs to be stopped for cleaning and maintenance (easy to explode) after 5 days, the waste of tail gas waste heat of a heating chamber is wasted, the tar cannot be recycled, waste residues are buried, the temperature is reduced and dust is removed by water, and the wastewater treatment difficulty is high.
Therefore, the above-mentioned method all has like or not enough and the limitation of application, the utility model provides a system of anaerobic thermal cracking cauldron tar is taken off to steam, in the thermal cracking carbomorphism process of domestic waste and mixed waste plastics, realizes whole secondary resource cyclic utilization such as tar, combustible gas, foul smell, coolant liquid, realizes really innoxious zero release.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims at providing a rubbish carbomorphism processing system based on thermal cracking, not only can realize the secondary energy utilization of tar, combustible gas that produce among the domestic waste anaerobic thermal radiation carbomorphism processing procedure, moreover exhaust foul smell through the combustion process back, has not had the foul smell completely, can effectively avoid the various defects in the conventional art moreover.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a rubbish carbomorphism processing system based on thermal cracking which the key lies in: include through the conveyer continuous garbage storage pond, refuse separation subsystem step by step, drying equipment, breaker, drying device, pre-drying device, prilling granulator and thermal cracking carbomorphism device, be connected with mixed combustible gas processing subsystem on the thermal cracking mixed combustible gas eduction of thermal cracking carbomorphism device, this mix the combustible gas processing subsystem to mix the tar combustible gas to handle the back and carry to the thermal cracking carbomorphism device and burn the energy supply, the high temperature tail gas discharge port of thermal cracking carbomorphism device pass through the pipeline with drying device's air intake links to each other in advance, drying device's odor discharge port in advance with drying equipment's air inlet intercommunication, drying equipment's odor discharge port all is connected to odor treatment subsystem with the odor discharge port of garbage storage pond, odor treatment subsystem carries out the discharge up to standard after the purification treatment.
Furthermore, thermal cracking carbomorphism device is including the rotatory thermal cracking cauldron of fixing in inclosed thermal-insulated shell high temperature tail gas discharge port has been seted up at the top of thermal-insulated shell thermal cracking cauldron the thermal-insulated shell of thermal cracking cauldron below is provided with burning mechanism respectively, thermal cracking cauldron's feed end is provided with screw conveyor, screw conveyor's middle part is seted up the mixed combustible gas eduction of thermal cracking be connected with lock wind feed mechanism on screw conveyor's the feed inlet, thermal cracking cauldron's discharge end is connected with water-cooling spiral discharge mechanism.
Further, the combustion mechanism comprises a main combustion assembly and an auxiliary combustion assembly which are arranged at intervals.
Further, the auxiliary combustion assembly comprises a tar combustion structure and a mixed combustible gas combustion structure, and the feeding ends of the tar combustion structure and the mixed combustible gas combustion structure are connected to the mixed combustible gas treatment subsystem.
Further, but mix the gas processing subsystem and include steam generator, steam mixing arrangement, cooling device, decoking dewatering device, steam generator pass through the steam conduit with steam mixing arrangement links to each other, steam mixing arrangement is used for utilizing steam to carry out intensive mixing and cooling with the gas mixture, but the gas inlet of steam mixing arrangement with the mixed gas outlet of thermal cracking carbomorphism device links to each other, steam mixing arrangement's gas outlet warp cooling device carries to decoking, dewatering treatment are carried out to the gas mixture after cooling down to decoking dewatering device, the liquid tar that decoking dewatering device formed is carried to tar ultrasonic emulsification device, tar ultrasonic emulsification device adds into the liquid tar after the dehydration according to the proportion after will taking off the tar waste water intensifies, the liquid whistle ultrasonic technology is utilized to form a water-in-oil structure and the water-in-oil structure is conveyed to the thermal cracking carbonization device, the combustible gas formed by the decoking dehydration device is conveyed to a combustible gas pressure stabilizing device, and the combustible gas pressure stabilizing device carries out pressure stabilizing treatment on the combustible gas and then conveys the combustible gas to the thermal cracking carbonization device.
Furthermore, the steam mixing device and the cooling device both adopt a non-contact refrigerant heat exchange type cooler.
Further, the steam mixing device is provided with 220 DN38 thin-wall stainless steel heat exchange tubes; the cooling device is provided with 60 DN38 thin-wall stainless steel heat exchange tubes.
Further, the odor treatment subsystem comprises a circulating cooler, a biological bacteria filter bed deodorization device and a UV photolysis and plasma combined deodorization device which are sequentially connected through pipelines, wherein the circulating cooler is used for condensing, cooling and dehydrating odor exhausted by the garbage storage pool and the drying equipment in a non-contact refrigerant heat exchange mode; the biological bacteria phagocytosis filter bed deodorization device is used for conveying dust-free odor treated by the circulating cooler into a self-cleaning circulating biological bacteria phagocytosis filter bed for biological metabolism deodorization after alkali washing, dust removal and deacidification; UV photodissociation and plasma combination deodorizing device be used for with the peculiar smell daughter of omitting in the foul smell of biological fungus phagocytosis filter bed deodorizing device exhaust carries out quick oxidation deodorization back up to standard and discharges.
Further, the retention time of dust-free odor in the biological bacteria phagocytosis filter bed deodorization device is at least 36 seconds.
The utility model discloses a show the effect and be:
1. the system not only realizes the secondary energy utilization of tar and combustible gas in the anaerobic thermal radiation carbonization treatment process of the household garbage, but also realizes the sectional purification of high-heat mixed waste gas and the zero discharge of the combustion and utilization of secondary energy, completely realizes the whole resource utilization, harmless treatment and zero discharge production of the household garbage, and fundamentally and effectively avoids the defects of pipe blockage caused by natural cooling of a pipeline and the generation of a large amount of waste water by a spraying method, and the defects of coking, blockage, explosion and the like in direct discharge cooling and the like in comparison with the traditional technology;
2. the furnace temperature of the thermal cracking carbonization device is lower and is 500-;
3. the steam mixing device and the cooling device adopt steam cooperative cooling treatment, tar is condensed on the wall of the heat exchanger when the steam is mixed and cooled, the temperature is not lower than 80 ℃, the tar enters the small heat exchanger when the cooling device is cooled and decoked secondarily, because the total cross section is reduced, the mixed combustible gas is sprayed by atomized steam at the front end, and the tar is removed more thoroughly under the secondary cooling and downward inertia effects, so that the fluidity, low acidity and energy reutilization of the tar are kept in the process, the equipment corrosion is reduced, the service life of the equipment is ensured, and the later maintenance cost is reduced;
4. compared with the traditional cold water spraying method, the cooling and condensing tar technology adopted in the decoking dehydration device realizes the cooling and condensing method of high-temperature saturated tar gas by steam, so that the tar not only keeps the fluidity, but also ensures the low acid corrosivity;
5. the volume reduction of the mixed biomass charcoal subjected to the thermal radiation treatment is more than 90%, and the volume reduction effect is quite remarkable; the completely carbonized carbon ash is a soil improvement basic fertilizer, and the particles generated by the reaction are used as brick making raw materials, so that the domestic garbage is completely changed into valuables.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the thermal cracking and carbonizing apparatus.
Detailed Description
The following provides a more detailed description of the embodiments and the operation of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, a rubbish carbomorphism processing system based on thermal cracking, include through the rubbish storage pool 2 that conveyer 1 links to each other step by step, rubbish sorting subsystem 3, drying equipment 4, breaker 5, drying device 6 in advance, prilling granulator 7 and thermal cracking carbomorphism device 8, be connected with mixed combustible gas processing subsystem 9 on thermal cracking mixed combustible gas outlet 81 of thermal cracking carbomorphism device 8, this mixed combustible gas processing subsystem 9 handles mixed tar combustible gas and carries to thermal cracking carbomorphism device 8 to burn the energy supply, high temperature tail gas discharge port 82 of thermal cracking carbomorphism device 8 pass through the pipeline with the air intake of drying device 6 in advance links to each other, the foul smell discharge port of drying device 6 with drying equipment 4's air inlet intercommunication, the foul smell discharge port of drying equipment 4 and the foul smell discharge port of rubbish storage pool 2 all are connected to foul smell processing subsystem 10, the odor treatment subsystem 10 purifies the odor and then discharges the odor after reaching the standard.
The household garbage sorting subsystem 3 classifies household garbage through a refined sorting technology, the drying equipment 4 dries the household garbage, the crushing device 5 performs 5mm standardized crushing on the household garbage, the pre-drying device 6 performs pre-drying on the garbage by utilizing the waste heat of the high-temperature tail gas of the thermal cracking and carbonizing device 8, the granulating device 7 is used for homogenizing and performing standardized dehydration and granulation processing on the pre-dried garbage, the thermal cracking and carbonizing device 8 is used for gradually heating and cracking the household garbage according to set operation parameters, performing heat absorption and anaerobic gasification and carbonization on the garbage, and carbonizing solid matters into biomass combustible carbon. Garbage mixture is at the oxygen-free gas carbonization in-process, owing to be rich in substances such as vegetable fibre, starch, sugar, each organic acid fat, flocculating agent ester, forms a large amount of natural gas, dust and tar in oxygen-free high temperature thermal cracking environment, therefore exhaust mixed tar combustible gas to mixing combustible gas processing subsystem 9, mixing combustible gas processing subsystem 9 is used for carrying out two-stage decoking dehydration with mixing tar combustible gas and steam after intensive mixing to carry out the burning energy supply to thermal cracking carbomorphism device 8 after handling the liquid tar that will generate and mixed combustible gas, drying equipment 4's odor discharge port and the odor discharge port of rubbish storage pond 2 all are connected to odor processing subsystem 10, odor processing subsystem 10 carries out the discharge to reach standard after the purification treatment to the odor.
The operation parameters of the thermal cracking and carbonizing device 8 comprise a heating speed, a rotating speed of the inner container and an operation temperature of the shell of the inner container, the operation parameters are determined according to thermal cracking, carbonizing and gasifying parameters of the household garbage, and the thermal cracking, carbonizing and gasifying parameters of the household garbage comprise the content of mixed waste plastics, the content of impurity fibers, the water content and the mass density.
The mixed tar combustible gas comprises: heating to 100 ℃ to discharge water vapor, heating to 200-350 ℃ to discharge tar gas, and heating to 400-550 ℃ to discharge petroleum product mixed gas.
Referring to fig. 2, the thermal cracking and carbonizing apparatus 8 includes a thermal cracking kettle 84 rotatably fixed in a sealed heat insulating shell 83, a high temperature tail gas outlet 82 is formed at the top of the heat insulating shell 83, combustion mechanisms 85 are respectively arranged in the heat insulating shell 83 below the thermal cracking kettle 84, a screw conveying mechanism 86 is arranged at a feed end of the thermal cracking kettle 84, the thermal cracking mixed combustible gas outlet 81 is formed at the middle part of the screw conveying mechanism 86, an air locking feed mechanism 88 is connected to a feed inlet of the screw conveying mechanism 86, and a water cooling screw discharge mechanism 87 is connected to a discharge end of the thermal cracking kettle 84.
Further, the combustion mechanism 85 includes a main combustion assembly 851 and an auxiliary combustion assembly 852 which are arranged at intervals, so as to ensure that the thermal cracking carbonization device 8 has enough energy to perform thermal cracking carbonization of garbage all the time, the auxiliary combustion assembly 852 includes a tar combustion structure 852a and a mixed combustible gas combustion structure 852b, and feed ends of the tar combustion structure 852a and the mixed combustible gas combustion structure 852b are connected to the mixed combustible gas processing subsystem 9. The tar combustion structure 852a is used for combusting liquid tar generated by the mixed combustible gas treatment subsystem 9, and the mixed combustible gas combustion structure 852b is used for combusting combustible gas output by the mixed combustible gas treatment subsystem 9, so that zero emission of the tar generated by the mixed combustible gas treatment subsystem 9 and the secondary energy of the mixed combustible gas during combustion utilization is realized, and all resource utilization, harmless treatment and zero emission production of household garbage are completely realized.
As can also be seen from fig. 2, a plurality of material stirring blocks 810 are uniformly distributed on the inner wall of the thermal cracking kettle 84, and the material stirring blocks 810 can stir and turn over the garbage particles in the thermal cracking kettle 84, so that the garbage particles are uniformly heated, and the effect and efficiency of thermal cracking and carbonization are ensured; a plurality of material guide blocks 811 arranged side by side along the radial direction of the thermal cracking kettle 84 are fixed on the inner wall of the thermal cracking kettle 84, so that garbage particles can move along the conveying direction, and therefore, the subsequent garbage particles are ensured to smoothly enter the thermal cracking kettle 84 and are smoothly conveyed to the water-cooling spiral discharging mechanism 87, and the thermal cracking kettle 84 is discharged.
It can be seen from fig. 1 that the mixed combustible gas treatment subsystem 9 comprises a steam generation device 91, a steam mixing device 92, a cooling device 93 and a decoking dehydration device 94, wherein the steam generation device 91 is connected with the steam mixing device 92 through a steam pipeline, the steam mixing device 92 is used for fully mixing and cooling mixed combustible gas by using steam, the mixed combustible gas inlet of the steam mixing device 92 is connected with the thermal cracking mixed combustible gas discharge port 81 of the thermal cracking carbonization device 8, the gas outlet of the steam mixing device 92 is conveyed to the decoking dehydration device 94 through the cooling device 93 for decoking and dehydrating the cooled mixed gas, the liquid tar formed by the decoking dehydration device 94 is conveyed to a tar ultrasonic emulsification device 95, the tar ultrasonic emulsification device 95 heats the decoked tar-containing wastewater and then proportionally adds the decoked tar into the dehydrated liquid tar, a water-in-oil structure is formed by using a liquid whistle ultrasonic technology and is conveyed to the thermal cracking carbonization device 8, the combustible gas formed by the decoking dehydration device 94 is conveyed to a combustible gas pressure stabilizing device 96, and the combustible gas pressure stabilizing device 96 is used for carrying out pressure stabilizing treatment on the combustible gas and then conveying the combustible gas to the thermal cracking carbonization device 8.
The steam generating device 91 is used for inputting a proper amount of steam into the mixed combustible gas pre-mixing system according to the steam addition amount measured by the parameters of the mixed tar combustible gas; the steam addition is determined according to the water vapor saturation, the mixed tar combustible gas humidity, the mixed tar combustible gas viscosity and the mixed tar combustible gas hydrogen content. The steam mixing device 92 fully mixes and cools various waste gases by using steam to form mixed combustible gas; the cooling device 93 cools the mixed combustible gas twice, liquefies and condenses the gaseous tar therein, then heats the tar, dehydrates the liquid tar, outputs the dehydrated tar-containing wastewater and the dehydrated liquid tar to the tar ultrasonic emulsification treatment device, proportionally adds the dehydrated tar-containing wastewater into the dehydrated liquid tar after heating the dehydrated tar-containing wastewater by the tar ultrasonic emulsification treatment device, forms a water-in-oil structure by using a liquid whistle ultrasonic technology, and then conveys the water-in-oil structure to the thermal cracking carbonization device 8 for combustion treatment, and simultaneously conveys the generated mixed combustible gas to the thermal cracking device 8 for combustion treatment after stabilizing the pressure of the combustible gas pressure stabilizing device 96.
In this example, the steam mixing device 92 and the cooling device 93 both adopt a non-contact refrigerant heat exchange type cooler, and the steam mixing device 92 is provided with 220 DN38 thin-wall stainless steel heat exchange tubes; as the 220 large-channel heat exchange tubes increase the cross-sectional heat exchange area, the gas flow speed in the heat exchange tubes is reduced, the full heat exchange of cooling water outside the tube walls around the channels is facilitated (the cooling water is heated to about 40-50 ℃ by steam in advance), at the moment, the mixed combustible gas subjected to the primary temperature reduction by the steam is rapidly cooled and cooled in the tubes, and tar cooled on the tube walls flows downwards due to the fact that the tar is at about 80 ℃ and is driven by gravity and downward wind speed. Because the steam mixing device 92 is under downward negative pressure, the water mist condensed tar mist flows to the heat-insulating oil container to be stored in a liquefied state along with the inertia principle under the conditions of weight increase and motion acceleration, and then the tar at the constant temperature of 80 ℃ is pumped out from the heat-insulating oil container by the heavy oil pump for secondary energy utilization; the cooling device 93 is provided with 60 DN38 thin-wall stainless steel heat exchange tubes, the mixed combustible gas is cooled and cooled again through the tube wall of the heat exchanger, and due to the principle that the mixed combustible gas is cooled again and the cross section area of the channel is reduced, the air flow speed is accelerated, the secondarily suspected tar is subjected to weight superposition and the same downward movement acceleration inertia principle along with the speed, the liquefied 80 ℃ constant-temperature tar quickly flows into the heat-insulating oil container again for storage, and then the heavy oil pump extracts the tar from the tank body for secondary energy utilization.
As can also be seen from fig. 1, the odor treatment subsystem 10 includes a circulation cooler 101, a biological bacteria filter bed deodorization device 102 and a UV photolysis and plasma combined deodorization device 103 which are sequentially connected through a pipeline, wherein the circulation cooler 101 is used for condensing, cooling and dehydrating the odor exhausted from the garbage storage pool 2 and the drying equipment 4 in a non-contact refrigerant heat exchange manner; the biological bacteria phagocytosis filter bed deodorization device 102 is used for conveying dust-free odor treated by the circulating cooler 101 into a self-cleaning circulating biological bacteria phagocytosis filter bed for biological metabolism deodorization after alkali washing, dust removal and deacidification; UV photolysis and plasma combination deodorizing device 103 is used for carrying out quick oxidation deodorization with the peculiar smell minute body of omitting in the foul smell that biological fungus phagocytosis filter bed deodorizing device 102 discharged and discharges up to standard.
The odor generated by drying and dehydrating the garbage is mainly water vapor and is mixed with H inside2 S、CO2Condensing, cooling and dehydrating various peculiar smell waste gases such as CO, methyl mercaptan and the like by adopting a non-contact refrigerant heat exchange mode, and cooling the temperature of the odor to 35 ℃;
in this example, the coolant of the circulation cooler 101 is selected from water with calcium and magnesium ions to stabilize positive and negative charges, the heat exchange medium is selected from stainless steel and radiating fins, and the heat exchange constant is determined by the pressure resistance base number of stainless steel and the thickness of the material, so that the temperature of dust-free odor is reduced to 60 ℃ after heat exchange according to the conversion of the total condensation heat exchange amount, the required time and the water demand, little condensed odor water is generated by cooling condensation of odor steam, and the condensed odor water is treated by electrocoagulation and then sent to a sewage circulation purification system to be treated and then harmlessly discharged or used for brick making.
The deodorizing device 102 of the biological bacteria phagocytosis filter bed carries out condensation cooling and dehydration, and the dust-free odor with the temperature reaching the control point of 60 ℃ is washed again by alkaline water to clean dust and deacidify, and further reduces the odor to 35 ℃, and then the odor enters the self-cleaning type circulating biological bacteria phagocytosis filter bed to be filtered layer by layer through the biological active hypha hair structure body and ensure H2 S、CO2、CO、NH3When the waste odor stays for more than 36 seconds from the inlet to the outlet, the bacteria phage secretes collagen in the period of time, the foreign odor molecules passing through the organic carbon chains and ammonia nitrogen around the bacteria phage adsorb, and the foreign odor molecules pass through the special digestive enzymes of various strains, so that the waste odor is absorbed by the bacteria phage and the collagenThe odor is taken as a carbon source to carry out the cyclic metabolism of a life support system, thereby finishing the removal of the odor;
condensing the dehydrated odor to dust-free odor with the temperature of about 35 ℃, washing with water again to remove dust, deacidifying, and deodorizing by biological bacteria, wherein the basic reaction formula is as follows: malodorous gas + O2 MicroorganismsCellular metabolites + CO2+H2And O. However, the malodorous gas has different components and different decomposition products, and different microorganisms have different decomposition and metabolism products. Therefore, the dust-free odor must be retained for 36 seconds or more to ensure that the sericin body secreted by the phage can adsorb odor molecules as much as possible. Meanwhile, when the PH of the deacidification solution recycled for a long time is between 4 and 6, the solution is recycled after neutralization and purification treatment by adding alkali.
In this process, the odor follows the reaction formula-malodor + O2 MicroorganismsCellular metabolites + CO2+H2O-reaction, after the bacterial phage secretes the collagen of the silk wool to be adsorbed, carbon is taken as basic life metabolic energy through special enzyme, the microbial flora and the insect flora in the box carry out self-circulation metabolism, after a period of time, when the deposition standard exceeding detector of the metabolite of the insect flora alarms, the nutrient solution and the self-circulation spraying are automatically controlled to carry out water washing, mixed solution containing various metabolites of the insect flora is washed, and the metabolite is recycled through flora self-reproduction restoration. The odor entering the biological bacteria phagocytosis filter bed processor is washed by weak base, dedusted and deacidified, the generated wastewater is precipitated by a sedimentation tank and reused, the washing liquid is automatically added when not enough, the sludge in the sedimentation tank enters a dryer for baking and dehydration, and then enters a carbonization system for treatment, so that no productive solid waste is generated completely.
In the specific implementation, the malodorous gas has different components and different decomposition products, and different microorganisms have different catabolic products. For nitrogen-free organic materials such as phenol, carboxylic acids, formaldehyde, etc., the final products are carbon dioxide and water; for sulfur-type malodorous components, the sulfur-type malodorous components are oxidized and decomposed into sulfate ions and sulfur under aerobic conditions; for nitrogen-containing malodorous substances such as amines, NH is released by ammoniation3，NH3Can be oxidized by nitrosobacteriaIs nitrite ions, is further oxidized into nitrate ions by nitrifying bacteria, and finally generates H2O、CO2。
Energy metabolism mode:
the UV photolysis and plasma combined deodorization device 103 sends various missed peculiar smell molecular bodies into high-energy plasma deodorization equipment under the pushing of negative pressure air by using self-cleaning type circulating biological bacteria phage filter bed in discharged air without capturing the discharged air, and the high-energy plasma deodorization equipment is driven to deodorize every 1cm3The ozone generator can generate 1000 ten thousand positive ions and 800 ten thousand negative ions per second, a small amount of ozone molecules in the channel are scattered in the channel and collide with a large amount of positive ions and negative ions which are equally released in the channel to generate secondary activation, the ozone is excited and activated to generate more ionized oxygen in the air to form a large amount of positive ions, negative ions and active oxygen ion field environment in the space, so that the ozone generator can carry out oxidative decomposition on peculiar smell organic molecules passing through the space, and also has wall-breaking oxidability on protein molecule groups, so that various group or chain type peculiar smell pollutants in the air can be fully decomposed and oxidized into harmless and odorless CO2、H2O, NO molecules, thereby completely eliminating the peculiar smell molecular daughter in the air.
TiO2Ozone and OH (hydroxyl radical) generated by the reaction carry out a synergistic decomposition oxidation reaction on malodorous gas (hydrogen sulfide, ammonia gas and mercaptan), and meanwhile, the molecular chain of the malodorous gas is structurally broken into whole chain under the action of ultraviolet rays, so that the malodorous gas is converted into a small molecular compound without odor or mineralized to generate water and CO2(ii) a Photolysis reaction mode:
organic waste gas → Wei wave + photolysis + O2→ O- + O (active oxygen) O + O2→CO2+H2O。
In this example, the odor molecule is various unimolecular bodies, microspores, single cells, and other odor molecule bodies that are not destroyed in the odor.
The system thoroughly abandons the traditional spraying method technology adopted for high-temperature waste gas, and the spraying method has the advantages of fast temperature reduction, low cost, large waste water amount, no odor reduction, tar-containing generation of corrosive sulfurous acid, high waste water treatment cost and far greater defect than the advantages. This embodiment initiates the steam tar removal technique, and steam mixes in the pipeline with the high-temperature waste gas that contains tar with accurate proportion, adopts the heat exchanger of two kinds of velocity of flow of height of special design, and rapid cooling and constant temperature mode again fully prevent that tar from taking place because of the change of consistency and particulate matter bonding scale deposit in the cooling process, and constant temperature tar is the special collector of liquid inflow. After passing through the oil-water separator, the problem of tar in the waste gas is solved. No large amount of additive wastewater is generated in the production. The purified combustible gas is deacidified, whitened and stored under a constant pressure, and then enters a thermal cracking kettle 84 heating combustion system for secondary recycling. Therefore, the secondary energy utilization of tar and combustible gas in the anaerobic thermal radiation carbonization treatment process of the household garbage is realized, the high-heat mixed waste gas is purified in a segmented mode, the secondary energy is combusted and utilized in a zero-discharge mode, the whole resource utilization, harmless treatment and zero-discharge production of the household garbage are completely realized, compared with the traditional technology, a large amount of waste water generated by a pipeline natural cooling pipe blocking method and a spraying method is fundamentally and effectively avoided, and the waste water solves the defects of high cost, coking, blocking, explosion and the like in direct discharge cooling. Meanwhile, the odor treatment abandons the process technology of deacidification, decoking and dust removal by the traditional spraying method to generate a large amount of wastewater and waste resources and the advanced dry deacidification and decoking technology (mixed calcium tar powder needs to be burnt by a furnace and waste cloth bags need to be treated), innovatively adopts a waste heat rotary kiln drying and dehydration technology, a biological filter bed technology, a UV photolysis and high-energy plasma oxidation technology and other deodorization technologies to carry out combined odor removal, realizes the decoking and dust removal purification, waste heat utilization and odor retreatment of high-temperature odor discharged from the garbage final treatment thermal cracking kettle 84, finally realizes that the discharged gas reaches the national standard, and realizes the full zero discharge of solid, liquid and gas in the whole process.
The technical scheme provided by the utility model is introduced in detail above. The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been explained herein using specific examples, and the above descriptions of the embodiments are only used to help understand the method and its core ideas of the present invention. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, the present invention can be further modified and modified, and such modifications and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a rubbish carbomorphism processing system based on thermal cracking which characterized in that: include through the conveyer continuous garbage storage pond, refuse separation subsystem step by step, drying equipment, breaker, drying device, pre-drying device, prilling granulator and thermal cracking carbomorphism device, be connected with mixed combustible gas processing subsystem on the thermal cracking mixed combustible gas eduction of thermal cracking carbomorphism device, this mix the combustible gas processing subsystem to mix the tar combustible gas to handle the back and carry to the thermal cracking carbomorphism device and burn the energy supply, the high temperature tail gas discharge port of thermal cracking carbomorphism device pass through the pipeline with drying device's air intake links to each other in advance, drying device's odor discharge port in advance with drying equipment's air inlet intercommunication, drying equipment's odor discharge port all is connected to odor treatment subsystem with the odor discharge port of garbage storage pond, odor treatment subsystem carries out the discharge up to standard after the purification treatment.
2. The thermal cracking-based waste carbonization treatment system of claim 1, wherein: thermal cracking carbomorphism device is including the rotatory thermal cracking cauldron of fixing in inclosed thermal-insulated shell the high temperature tail gas discharge port has been seted up at the top of thermal-insulated shell thermal cracking cauldron the thermal cracking cauldron below is provided with burning mechanism in the thermal-insulated shell respectively, thermal cracking cauldron's feed end is provided with screw conveyor, screw conveyor's middle part is seted up the mixed combustible gas exhalant of thermal cracking is connected with lock wind feed mechanism on screw conveyor's the feed inlet, thermal cracking cauldron's discharge end is connected with water-cooling spiral discharge mechanism.
3. The thermal cracking-based waste carbonization treatment system of claim 2, wherein: the combustion mechanism comprises a main combustion assembly and an auxiliary combustion assembly which are arranged at intervals.
4. The thermal cracking-based waste carbonization treatment system of claim 3, wherein: the auxiliary combustion assembly comprises a tar combustion structure and a mixed combustible gas combustion structure, and the feeding ends of the tar combustion structure and the mixed combustible gas combustion structure are connected to the mixed combustible gas treatment subsystem.
5. The thermal cracking-based waste carbonization treatment system of claim 1, wherein: but mixed gas processing subsystem includes steam generator, steam mixing arrangement, cooling device, decoking dewatering device, steam generator pass through the steam pipeline with steam mixing arrangement links to each other, steam mixing arrangement is used for utilizing steam to carry out intensive mixing and cooling with the mixed combustible gas, but the mixed combustible gas import of steam mixing arrangement with thermal cracking mixed combustible gas outlet of thermal cracking carbomorphism device links to each other, steam mixer's gas outlet warp cooling device carries to decoking dewatering device carries out decoking, dehydration to the gas mixture after cooling down, the liquid tar that decoking dewatering device formed is carried to tar ultrasonic emulsification device, tar ultrasonic emulsification device adds into the liquid tar after the dehydration according to the proportion after rising temperature with the tar waste water that takes off, utilizes liquid whistle ultrasonic technology to form the thermal cracking structure and carry to in oil in water the thermal cracking carbomorphism device, and the combustible gas formed by the decoking dehydration device is conveyed to a combustible gas pressure stabilizing device, and the combustible gas pressure stabilizing device is used for carrying out pressure stabilizing treatment on the combustible gas and then conveying the combustible gas to the thermal cracking carbonization device.
6. The thermal cracking-based waste carbonization treatment system of claim 5, wherein: and the steam mixing device and the cooling device both adopt a non-contact refrigerant heat exchange type cooler.
7. The thermal cracking-based waste carbonization treatment system of claim 5, wherein: the steam mixing device is provided with 220 DN38 thin-wall stainless steel heat exchange tubes; the cooling device is provided with 60 DN38 thin-wall stainless steel heat exchange tubes.
8. The thermal cracking-based waste carbonization treatment system of claim 1, wherein: the odor treatment subsystem comprises a circulating cooler, a biological bacteria filter bed deodorization device and a UV photolysis and plasma combined deodorization device which are sequentially connected through a pipeline, wherein the circulating cooler is used for condensing, cooling and dehydrating odor exhausted by the garbage storage pool and the drying equipment in a non-contact refrigerant heat exchange mode; the biological bacteria phagocytosis filter bed deodorization device is used for conveying dust-free odor treated by the circulating cooler into a self-cleaning circulating biological bacteria phagocytosis filter bed for biological metabolism deodorization after alkali washing, dust removal and deacidification; UV photodissociation and plasma combination deodorizing device be used for with the peculiar smell daughter of omitting in the foul smell of biological fungus phagocytosis filter bed deodorizing device exhaust carries out quick oxidation deodorization back up to standard and discharges.
9. The thermal cracking-based waste carbonization treatment system of claim 8, wherein: the retention time of dust-free odor in the biological bacteria phagocytosis filter bed deodorization device is at least 36 seconds.
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