JPH08326027A - Clean water structure of flowing water system - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To revolve the purification work of flowing water in a natural or artificial flowing water system to a more natural state by arranging at least one of natural vegetable fiber mats and vegetable fiber balls at the clearances or lower places of a natural stone when the natural stone is laid on the bottom surface of a flowing water system. CONSTITUTION: A natural stone 12 is arranged on a river-bed 11 at proper intervals, and the clearances S of the natural stone 12 are charged with vegetable fiber balls 14. Organic matter adheres on to the vegetable fiber balls 14, and flowing water is purified by the propagation of harmless microbes decomposing organic matter. The vegetable fiber balls 14 function as the basis of the root swelling of an aquatic plant, thus promoting plant growth. Accordingly, the purification action of flowing water in a natural or artificial flowing water system can be revolved to a more natural state.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a water purification structure such as a river or an agricultural drainage channel, and more particularly to an environment improvement technique for flowing water for promoting habitation of microorganisms and growth of plants.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in order to purify a river, it was general to assemble river water with a pump and purify it in a water purification facility. However, since the purification facility requires a construction cost and a large maintenance cost, Installation is limited within the limited public budget. Therefore, it has been considered to use microorganisms or purified water ceramics as a means for promoting purification of rivers while suppressing costs. Domestic wastewater and industrial wastewater contain a large amount of oil and organic matter, but it is known that most of them are decomposed and disappeared by the activity of aerobic bacteria, and the pollutant gas contained in water molecules is water molecules produced by purified water ceramics. It has been reported that it can be opened by shredding.

However, since the flow of water in a general river increases due to the increase in water flow, even if the water purification filter is simply sprayed on the river, its effect is extremely small. For this reason, a method has been adopted in which a resin container or a purification unit loaded with purified water filter medium is fixed to the riverbed by an appropriate fixing means or the weight of the filter medium unit is increased to prevent runoff during flooding.

On the other hand, concrete products and resin products of various shapes are used for flowing domestic wastewater and irrigation water, but the wastewater flowing through such concrete grooves does not pass through a water purification means and is almost as it is. The reality is that it has been washed away. That is, the main purpose of these drainage paths is to quickly discharge unnecessary water, and the running water surfaces of concrete troughs, FRP pipes, etc. have been finished smoothly.

[0005]

Problems to be solved by the present invention are roughly divided into two. First is the purification of general rivers (natural waters). If a package containing microorganisms or ceramics (or a larger unit) that purifies contaminated water is placed in a river as in the past, it is necessary to increase the size of the package by increasing the size of the package because it is necessary to withstand the flow when a river is flooded. Therefore, there is a problem that workability at the time of installation or unit replacement is deteriorated. Fixing work to prevent runoff during floods is also complicated.

[0006] In addition, a permeable resin material or a metal net was used for the loading package (unit) of microorganisms and purified water ceramics in terms of durability and cost, but it is further improved in terms of improving the environment of natural water system. There is room for. In other words, in a natural water system, a series of food chains are established in which natural stones, pools, and rivers in the river bed perform aeration, bacteria decompose organic compounds attached to the stones, and fish eat and excrete them. When a large water purification unit is installed in a river, the flow of water is unnaturally disturbed, and it is difficult for organic substances to adhere to resins and metals, so that microbial life and plant growth (rooting) occur.
Does not always give good results for. Purification of rivers is not limited to simply purifying water artificially, but it is hoped that it can be achieved smoothly by preserving the natural aesthetics and landscape, promoting natural food chains, and promoting microbial and plant growth. .

The second object of the present invention is to purify the drainage system using concrete and resin products. If the various drainage routes are left as they are, the pollution of rivers and the sea will become more serious. Since factory wastewater is required to be purified, it is in the direction of improvement in recent years, but domestic wastewater and agricultural wastewater are not yet sufficiently regulated. Apparently, these problems cannot be solved by clear water. This is because the alkalis eluted from concrete, the toxic substances used in pesticides and herbicides, and human fecal virus cannot be completely treated by the conventional system of chlorine disinfection or water purification treatment by coagulation. In order to solve such a problem, it is necessary to promote the natural water purification action in the drainage system to further improve the efficiency of water purification treatment in the river when the underlying domestic wastewater and various wastewaters themselves are purified.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to return the purifying action of flowing water to a more natural state in a natural or artificial flowing water system.

[0009]

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to achieve the above object and achieve the object, a water purification system for a running water system according to the present invention has a structure in which a natural stone is laid in a gap or a bottom of the running stone when the natural stone is laid on the bottom surface of the running water system. At least one of a natural plant fiber mat and a plant fiber ball is disposed at the position.

In order to further promote the water purification effect in the present invention, when a natural stone is laid on the bottom of a running water system, a porous water filter medium is wrapped with a natural plant fiber in a gap or a position below the natural stone. A purification substrate is provided. Then, in a running water system using a molded product, there is a case where a protruding portion for preventing the outflow of natural stone is provided at a predetermined position on the bottom surface to fix the natural stone, and the plant fiber is arranged below it. In addition, regardless of whether it is natural or artificial, a water-permeable case may be fixed to the bottom surface of the running water system to store the plant fiber in the case.

[0011]

In the water purification system for a running water system according to the present invention, first, at the time of laying a natural stone on the bottom surface of the running water system, at least a natural plant fiber mat or a plant fiber ball is placed in a gap or a position below the natural stone. One is provided. Natural plant fibers have excellent water resistance and will not rot even after long-term immersion in water. In this respect, it is the same as resin fiber, but when plant fiber is molded into a sheet (mat) or ball, each fiber does not have a fixed shape, so it is entangled in a complicated manner, and it is impossible to apply pressure. Maintains a large number of voids even during shape forming operations. Moreover, since very fine fibers are intertwined with each other, small filter media particles do not dissipate. As a result, the surface area of the filter medium,
That is, the adsorbed area of organic substances is increased, and the environment becomes favorable for the growth of microorganisms.

The large number of microvoids formed by the entanglement of plant fibers is extremely effective for rooting aquatic plants. Aquatic plants do not grow on the concrete riverbed because this rooting is not possible in addition to the dissolved alkali. It is natural that a plant cannot grow unless its root is sufficiently stretched, but this has not been sufficiently taken into consideration in a conventional ceramic unit using a resin container or the like.

When the water purifying filter medium is wrapped with the plant fibers having such voids, microorganisms (aerobic harmless microorganisms) that perform natural river purification are effectively propagated. This is because the filter medium is, for example, a microporous stone material such as coal, because the habitat environment of microorganisms is significantly improved by the oxygen in the micropores of the filter medium and the organic substances attached to the plant fibers.

Such a purifying action of running water also functions in an artificial running water system using concrete or a resin molded product. However, since the inner surface of the conventional artificial running water system is smooth, there are problems that the flow velocity of the waste water to be purified becomes too fast and the purified water package is washed away. In the present invention, by providing a protrusion on the bottom surface of the trough, it is possible to prevent the natural stones that suppress the plant fibers from being washed away. Alternatively, a water permeable case such as a metal net may be fixed, and the plant fiber may be stored in this case to prevent runoff.

[0015]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. 1 and 2 show an example of a water purification system for a running water system according to the present invention. This water purification structure can be used not only for natural rivers but also for artificial drainage systems such as concrete troughs and resin pipes. In this water purification structure, natural stones 12 are arranged at appropriate intervals on the riverbed (bottom surface) 11
The plant fiber balls 14 are loaded into the gap S of 2. In addition, the code | symbol W has shown the flowing water surface. As the vegetable fiber ball, for example, a ball-shaped one formed by entangled loose coconut fibers is used. In this structure, the plant fibers may be densely entangled and sandwiched between the natural stones 12, and therefore the shape of the plant fibers is not limited to a spherical shape, and may be a rod shape, a mat shape, or another shape. The size of the natural stone 12 is appropriately set according to the size and flow of a river, the bottom diameter of an artificial drainage facility such as a trough, and the like. In a first-class river, it is required to use natural stones 12 that weigh more than several tons, and in artificial drainage systems, even natural stones 12 of about several tens of kilograms will be washed away with plant fibers (14) because the flow is so gentle. It can be prevented.

A plant fiber ball 1 made by hardening coconut fiber, etc.
As shown in FIG. 3 (a), 4 may be entwined with only the plant fibers 17, or as shown in FIG. 3 (b), the outer peripheral surface may be covered with a water-permeable cloth. Of course, the shape is not limited to the spherical shape. The cross-sectional diameter of the plant fiber 17 is not particularly limited, but if it is too thin, it may be shredded when the root of the plant is stretched, so the cross-sectional diameter of the fiber is set to an average of about 0.1 to 0.5 mm. Is desirable. still,
The cross-section of the plant fiber balls 14 is such that the fibers are tightly entangled, and even when formed into a mat with a thickness of about 3 mm, there are no gaps in which large particles such as organic substances and impurities dissipate. . Since water particles are extremely small, it goes without saying that even if the plant fiber is formed into a ball shape, it can pass straight through. Since the plant fibers are intricately entangled in this way, even if the fine particles of the filter medium are loaded into the fibers, the fine particles remain in the fibers without being scattered. As the filter material particles become smaller, the adsorption area of organic matter increases,
It is possible to realize an environment favorable for decomposition of harmful components and propagation of microorganisms.

According to such a water purification structure, organic matter adheres to the coconut fiber balls 14 sandwiched between the natural stones 12, and harmless microorganisms (special bacteria) that decompose organic matter propagate to purify running water. Bacteria and decomposed and excreted organic matter components serve as nutrients for a larger ecosystem, and promote the reproduction of fish and aquatic plants. Further, the fiber balls 14 sandwiched and fixed by the natural stones 12 serve as a foundation for the rooting of the aquatic plant, so that plant growth can be further promoted. Restoration of the natural environment due to plant growth is particularly effective in conventional construction areas where construction methods have recently been evaded, such as concrete riverbeds. This is because plants cannot grow in the concrete riverbed, but plant fibers are harmless to the environment, they are not easily corroded in water, the installation work is simple, and organic matter can be efficiently captured to improve the environment. The plant fiber 17 functions semipermanently without decaying as long as it is submerged in water.

4 to 6 show a second example of water purification structure of the present invention. The water purification structure according to this embodiment is shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 5, it is applied to an existing water system in which three sides of a river are hardened with concrete. Natural soil 21 is laid on a concrete riverbed 20, a plant fiber mat 24 is arranged, and a natural stone 25 is arranged thereon. Then, the filter medium 30 is arranged in the gap between the natural stones 25. In addition, 22 is a concrete wall surface, 23 is a basic gravel stone, and code | symbol P is the grown aquatic plant.

This water purification structure is characterized in that the plant fiber mat 24 is suppressed by the weight of the natural stone 25. As shown in FIG. 6, the bag-shaped fiber mat formed by laminating the plant fibers 31 is formed. , For example, a porous (microporous) filter medium 32
Is filled. And the plant fiber 31 is, for example, 1 to
It is laminated to 50 mm and the mat is formed into a bag to enclose the porous filter medium 32. The laminated plant fibers 3
No. 1 cannot permeate large particles, so the filter medium particles (32) enclosed inside the mat remain in the bag-shaped mat without being washed away by the plant fibers 31. Although FIG. 6 illustrates that a large number of voids (S) are present, since the plant fibers 31 and the innumerable filter medium particles (32) that are intricately entangled with each other are present, the filter medium particles cannot pass through the organic matter. The adsorption area of can be greatly increased. still,
Water passes straight through unimpeded by the fibers.

The filter media 30 and 32 are preferably made of stone material having a large number of micropores suitable for habitation of microorganisms. For example, coal powder, charcoal powder, and other microporous ceramic materials. This is because carbon-based powder and far-infrared emitting ceramics have the function of breaking the chains (clusters) of water molecules to release harmful components, and most of the microorganisms that decompose pollutant organic substances are aerobic, and oxygen And because it requires a small space to become a residence. Incidentally, this filter medium 32
May be naked or covered with plant fibers such as coconut fibers.

Therefore, according to this water purification structure, the plant fibers 31 capture the organic matter in the running water, and the environment in which the captured organic matter is used as the food for the microorganisms can be provided, while the filter media 30, 32 are provided.
Plays a water purification function by acting on water molecules to release harmful components. It is known that coal, charcoal, syenite, shells and other natural stones, natural minerals, and artificial ceramics such as divalent and trivalent iron salts themselves perform a water purification function after undergoing various actions. Moreover, these purified water filter media 30, 32 are
Most of them are microporous and serve as a habitat for microorganisms and supply oxygen necessary for their inhabitation over a long period of time. Therefore, it becomes possible for the microorganisms to obtain active nutrients and actively operate.

Of course, also in this water purification structure, the gap formed by the plant fiber mat 24 does not hinder the rooting of the plant.
The radicles of plants enter the gaps, if any,
Although it grows gradually and the root diameter expands, the voids formed by the plant fibers 31 provide natural voids suitable for the roots of the radicles of the aquatic plant to grow. Moreover, since the partner with which the radicle is entangled is a natural fiber, it has no adverse effect on growth. Therefore, it is possible to grow natural plants within a short period of time even in existing concrete rivers that have already completed riverbed construction, and not only purify running water but also restore and maintain the aesthetics of the river and the landscape. To do.

7 (a) to 7 (c) and 8 (a) to 8 (c) show another embodiment of the water purification structure according to the present invention. This example shows a water purification structure of an artificial drainage path such as a V-shaped concrete trough 40, and the basic water purification structure is the same as the above examples,
Reinforcing bars 42 for preventing the outflow of natural stones are arranged at predetermined intervals on the bottom surface 41 of the trough 40. Also, the lower surface 41 of the trough 40
By providing the hole 44 at a predetermined position, the water purification environment in the artificial flowing water system was improved. The reinforcing bars 42 are installed at a height that suppresses about 2/3 of the lower side of the natural stone 51, and is designed so that the movement of the natural stone 51 can be reliably suppressed even when the water level increases. In addition, in this embodiment, the outer diameter of the reinforcing bar 42 is about 16 mm.
Is. The water purification structure is almost the same as that of the above-mentioned embodiment, the plant fiber mat 45 is laid on the bottom surface 41 and the natural stone 51 is placed, and the filter medium pack 55 is arranged below or in the gap. As the natural stone 51, one having a high specific gravity, for example, olivine is used. The function of the hole 44 will be described later.

The plant fiber for purifying running water does not necessarily have to be controlled by the weight of natural stone. 9 and 10 show
It shows another arrangement method of plant fibers. As shown in FIG. 9, this purification structure may be, for example, a concrete trough 60.
A metal net (case) 61 is fixed inside, and plant fibers (balls) 62 are stored in the metal net 61. Reference numeral 63 is a ring for fixing the metal net 61. Of course, the fixing method of this metal net 61 is ring 63
Not limited to.

As long as the plant fibers 62 are housed in the metal net 61 and the metal net 61 can be surely prevented from being washed away, natural stones are placed in the net 61 in the same manner as in the above embodiment.
It can also be fixed by its weight. In addition, a fence 64 is arranged at a predetermined position on the metal net 61,
This is for suppressing the flow of the plant fiber 62 and natural stone. Further, although FIG. 9 shows the metal net 61 with its upper surface opened, it is a matter of course that an upper lid may be provided to define the case (61) if necessary. Further, in FIG. 9, a plant fiber mat 66 is shown below the metal net 61.
This serves as a spacer for height adjustment and also has the meaning of promoting rooting of plants, but the spacer (66) is not always necessary. This is because natural rivers do not require spacers for height adjustment or members for plant roots.

Returning to FIG. 7 and FIG. 8, the hole 44 connects the formation 47 and the trough 40 to each other to prevent so-called edging of the ecosystem. By providing the holes 44, the microorganisms are allowed to operate in the natural ecosystem, and the aquatic plants 48 can be rooted and grown. Therefore, it is sufficient for the size of the holes 44 to be about 100 mm in diameter, and the number thereof is, for example, three in the transverse section and three in the vertical direction.
An appropriate number can be arranged according to the amount of water, such as being provided at 0 cm intervals. Since the type of plant that grows differs depending on the water quality and the ground contact environment, it is necessary to freely change the setting of the hole diameter and number. Further, aerobic microorganisms may be set in the holes 44 in order to improve the growth of microorganisms from the initial state. The microorganisms to be sprayed or set are so-called natural beneficial microorganisms, preferably aerobic microorganisms, and it is possible to mix and coexist a plurality of soil microorganisms and certain enzyme-producing microorganisms, instead of one type of microorganisms. desirable. This microorganism may be sprayed (set) when the trough 40 is newly installed, or may be sprayed (set) at a later maintenance. More specifically, the microorganism to be sprayed (set) is, for example, hyclin Σ (Bio 24; trade name; Sankai Kasei Co., Ltd.). This is a porous inorganic fine particle in which soil bacteria are inhabited and fixed, and is composed of pasteurized macrococcus system and nitrogen-fixing bacteria such as nitrobacterium. A typical microorganism has a scientific name of "Speroterius Nautau", which is a nitrate-reducing bacterium which is a kind of nitrobacterium (denaturing bacterium), and has an action of oxidizing and decomposing organic substances into inorganic substances. Other microorganisms that can be used include, for example, Aspirisca, Oxytrica, Euprotes, Peranema, Amoeba, Tecameba, Arsera, Centropissikis, Euglifa, Rotaria, Correlera, Liquein, Monostila, Caenototas, Macrobiotas, Cholepus,
Fluorodon, amphireptus, lithonotas, kilodonera, akineta, tocophilia, bolticera, calcesium, zoosumnium, epistilis, opelclaria, pixicora, brepharisma, and spirostomam are used selectively. Such microorganisms exhibit active movement in the accumulated voids of sand (mud) and decompose and digest various pollutants in running water (drainage) to purify water.

According to the troughs 40 and 60, the natural purification action of running water is promoted by the plant fibers 45 and 62.
When laying the troughs 40 and 60, the hole 42
A natural ecosystem can be efficiently provided by spraying (setting) microorganisms on. The microorganisms set in the pores 42 may be contained in plant fibers or cloth, or may be arranged together with natural or artificial ceramic particles (porous filter material).

[0028]

As described above, according to the water purification system for a running water system according to the present invention, it becomes possible to return the purifying action of the running water to a more natural state in a natural or artificial running water system.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of a water purification system for a running water system according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of the water purification structure shown in FIG. 1 as seen from above.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of a vegetable fiber ball according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a river showing a second water purification structure example of the present invention.

5 is a partially enlarged view of the structure shown in FIG.

FIG. 6 is an enlarged view showing voids of the plant fiber according to the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a state in which the present invention is applied to an artificial drainage route.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a state in which the present invention is applied to an artificial drainage path.

FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing another purification structure example according to the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional front view example when a case body is arranged in an artificial flowing water system.

[Explanation of symbols]

 11 Riverbed (bottom) 12,25 Natural stone 14 Plant fiber ball 20 Concrete riverbed 21 Natural soil 22 Concrete wall surface 23 Concrete pebbles 24,30 Filter medium mat 31 Plant fiber 40,60 Trough 45,62 Plant fiber

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification code Internal reference number FI technical display location E02B 13/00 E02B 13/00

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. When laying natural stones on the bottom of a running water system,
At least one of a natural plant fiber mat and a plant fiber ball is arranged in a gap or a lower position of the natural stone, and a water purification system of a running water system. 2. When laying natural stones on the bottom of a running water system,
A water purifying structure of a running water system, characterized in that a purifying base material in which a porous water purifying filter material is wrapped with a natural plant fiber is arranged in a gap or a lower position of the natural stone. 3. When arranging plant fibers on the bottom surface of a running water system using a molded article, a protrusion for preventing the outflow of natural stones is provided at a predetermined position on the bottom surface. Alternatively, the flowing water purification structure according to claim 2. 4. A water purification system for a running water system, wherein a water-permeable case body is fixed and the plant fiber is housed in the case body when the plant fiber is disposed on the bottom surface of the running water system.