JP2002166292A - Multifunctional block and water purifying system - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a multifunctional block which has a water purifying function to further purify treated water through water purifying treatment or polluted river water as well as a river bed protection function, a root protection function, and a fish nesting function. SOLUTION: A box-like concrete block 1 having a hollow inside wherein the upside of the hollow 1 is open, the side wall of the block being provided with openings 14 and the bottom of the block with support legs, and in the hollow 2, cobbles 12, a grid plate 13, ballast 15, and plant foundation materials 16 are laid sequentially from the bottom is provided, thus a hydrophyte planting part is formed.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a multifunctional block, and more particularly, to a block having a function of purifying water, a function of protecting a bed, a function of fixing roots, and a function of a fish nest. It relates to a water purification system using this.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, treated water purified by an activated sludge method in a sewage treatment plant has been discharged to lakes, rivers, or the like. In areas where sewerage is not maintained,
There are many places where domestic wastewater is discharged directly into rivers. Conventional physical, chemical or biological water purification treatment technology is a single function of water purification only. This can impair the ecosystems of rivers and lakes. Against such a situation, when discharging treated water purified by an activated sludge method or the like into a lake or a river, monocotyledonous plants are cultivated on the water in a drainage channel of the treated water to further improve the quality of the treated water. Techniques for purifying are known. For example, JP
Japanese Patent Publication No. -113693 discloses that treated water is brought into contact with the roots of monocotyledonous plants for a predetermined period of time, and the treated water is used as culture water to absorb and remove inorganic nutrients in the treated water, and then released. ing. In this hydroponics technique, monocotyledonous plants such as grasses, cyperaceae, and irises are planted, and the monocotyledonous plants absorb the inorganic nutrients in the secondary treatment water, and the tertiary treated water is removed. They are being released. Then, a water-cultured plant planting holding structure in which the roots of these monocotyledonous plants are immersed in flowing secondary treated water is proposed. As this hydroponics plant planting holding structure, there is a structure in which a rooting porous material is fixed on the upper surface of a support plate formed in a turtle-like shape or a lattice shape with a stainless steel wire. This bolus material for rooting is obtained by heating and melting a thermoplastic synthetic resin such as polypropylene and jetting it out of a nozzle into a linear shape, stacking it in a curled state, and welding and forming a linear contact to a certain thickness. And has a linear density.
This porous material is a synthetic resin linear porous material having weather resistance, water resistance and decomposition resistance.

[0003]

The conventional physical, chemical, or biological water purification treatment technology has a single function of water purification only, and when the treated water is discharged to rivers and lakes as it is, rivers and lakes There was a problem that harmed the ecosystem. There is a technology for further purifying such treated water by growing plants. However, it uses a processed expensive material such as a synthetic resin and does not have a bed protection function, a root consolidation function, or the like. Was.

[0004] In view of such circumstances, the present invention is to purify treated water treated by a water purification treatment technology or purify river water polluted by domestic wastewater or the like, and to impair the ecosystem of rivers and lakes. The present invention also provides a technology that meets the strong demand for the development of an inexpensive, simple, and effective method for purifying water using higher plants, which also serves as drainage channels and river water surface greening. An object of the present invention is to provide a multi-functional block having a water purification function, a bed protection function, a root consolidation function, and a fish nest function, and a water purification system using the same, and to achieve the above-mentioned demand. .

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and its technical means is a box-shaped concrete block having a space therein.
An upper surface of a space portion of the block is open, an opening is provided on a side wall of the block, a leg is provided on a bottom surface of the block, and an aquatic plant planting section is provided in the space. .

In the present invention, an aquatic plant refers to a plant that has roots in water, ingests nutrients, and has trunks, leaves, and the like in the air.

It is preferable that the aquatic plant planting section has a structure in which a cobblestone layer, a mesh material, a stone material layer, and a greening base material layer are sequentially laminated from the bottom.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, a river is formed in a meandering shape, a number of the above-described multifunctional blocks are laid on a riverbed level inside a meandering bend, and the inside of the block has a rough stone structure. A water purification system characterized in that plants are vegetated in an aquatic plant planting section in the building and flowing water of a river is introduced into and passed through the block. "Shiro Kayatsuri" is the most suitable as this aquatic plant.

[0009]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 3 is a plan view of a multifunctional block 1 according to one embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view thereof, and FIG. 2 is a transverse sectional view thereof. The block 1 is a box-shaped concrete block as a whole. The block 1 is a box-shaped block 1 having a space 2 which is open upward. This block 1
As described later, in addition to the planting function, the bed protection function, the rooting function,
To ensure the fish nest function, etc., it shall be large and large. For example, it is preferable that the vertical and horizontal dimensions of the planar shape are 1 m × 1 m or more, the height is 0.5 m or more, and the mass is 1000 kg or more. The planar shape may be any of a quadrangle, a triangle, a polygon, and the like, but in consideration of the ease of production of the block and the workability at the site, a substantially rectangular shape as shown in FIG. 3 is most preferable.

The upper surface of the space 2 of the block 1 is open. An opening 4 is provided in the side wall 3 of the block 1.
A large number of openings 4 may be provided in an appropriate size. This opening 4
The inflow and outflow of water and the ingress and egress of fish and shellfish are made possible by the provision of.

At the four corners of the bottom surface 5 of the block 1, legs 6 are provided. It is also preferable to provide an opening 7 penetrating the wall surface on the bottom surface 5. The leg 6 forms a space below the block 1 when the block 1 is set on the water bottom 25 of the water 23. The legs 6 and the openings 7 provide a space below the block bottom surface 5 suitable for the habitat of fish and shellfish, and facilitate the entry and exit of fish and shellfish into the internal space 2 of the block 1. The height of the leg 6 is 10 to 30 cm. The height of the leg 6 is 10c
If it is less than m, the area below the block 1 is not sufficient as a habitat for fish and shellfish. If the height of the leg 6 exceeds 30 cm, the flowing water passes below the bottom surface of the block 1 and the water purification function becomes insufficient. The most preferred height range of the leg 6 is 1
5 cm to 25 cm.

A paving stone 11 is placed in the internal space 2 of the block 1, and a mesh material 13 is placed thereon. By providing the paving stone layer with the paving stones 11, a lower space 14 is formed between the bottom surface 12 of the space 2 and the mesh material 13. In the lower space 14, the roots 2 of the aquatic plants 21
2 extend, the roots 22 of the aquatic plant 21
Absorbs nitrogen, potassium, etc. Arrow 24 indicates the water flow. Aquatic plants 21 purify water. The lower space 14 is a habitat for fish and shellfish.

The diameter of the paving stone 11 is preferably 15 to 50 cm, and the height of the lower space 14 is preferably 15 to 50 cm. If the height of the lower space 14 is less than 15 cm, it is insufficient as a space for extending plant roots from the stone layer. Since the root 22 of the plant 21 extending from the stone layer 15 is generally 50 cm or less, even if the height of the lower space 14 is larger than 50 cm, the effect on water purification becomes poor.
m or less. The most preferred range is 20-30 cm.

The paving stone 11 may be a natural stone or a pseudo stone made of concrete. When using a pseudo stone made of concrete, it is more preferable to manufacture it using porous concrete.
Since porous concrete is porous, it is suitable for the inhabitation of microorganisms and algae which feed on fish and shellfish. In addition, it is possible to expect a water purification effect by a biofilm of microorganisms or algae. The filling amount of the paving stones 11 may be the minimum number necessary to support the mesh material 13.

The mesh material 13 is made of metal, wood or plastic, and the mesh mesh is placed on the stone material layer 1.
5 and the mesh opening is 50 × 5
The standard is about 0 mm. In the case of a metal mesh material, a steel material made of stainless steel or plated with zinc plating, zinc aluminum alloy plating or the like is used.

A stone material layer 15 is formed on the mesh material 13. In the stone layer 15, a stone having a diameter of 8 to 20 cm is placed on the lower side, and a stone having a diameter of about 10 to 40 mm is placed thereon. The role of the stone layer 15 is to act to fix the roots 22 of the aquatic plants 21 in cooperation with the greening base material 16 provided on the upper surface of the stone layer 15. The roots 22 extending from the greening base material 16 enclose the stone material of the stone material layer 15, and maintain high stability against running water due to the mass of the stone material layer 15.
Microorganisms and algae adhere to and inhabit the voids of the stone layer 15 and form a biofilm, whereby the pollutants are absorbed and decomposed by the organisms (contact oxidation between gravel), so that the water quality can be purified. The thickness of the stone layer 15 is 8 to 30 cm. When the thickness of the stone material layer 15 is less than 8 cm, it is not sufficient for holding the mesh material 13 and it is difficult to sufficiently fix the roots 22 of the aquatic plant 21 to flowing water. If the thickness of the stone layer 15 exceeds 30 cm, the roots 22 of the plants below the stone layer 15 are shortened, which is not preferable. The most preferred thickness range is
10-20 cm.

A greening base material layer 16 is provided on the stone material layer 15. The greening base material layer 16 serves to fix the roots 22 of the aquatic plant 21. The presence of the greening base material layer 16 promotes the development of plant roots. As a material for forming the greening base material layer 15, peat moss, bark compost, mulch, soil and the like are used. Above all, fibrous corrosive soils produced in the highlands of the continent are high-altitude peat corrosive soils having a stable aggregate structure in which high-purity organic substances are aged and microbial decomposed at low temperatures for a long period of time. Rich in fertilizing power, capillary root,
Most suitable because of excellent leaf growth. The thickness of the greening base material is 3 to 10 cm.

The multifunctional block of the present invention comprises aquatic plant 21
To plant. As the aquatic plant 21, a plant having a high absorption capacity for nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, such as a Cyperaceae plant, a Poaceae plant, and an Iridaceae plant, is used. Above all, shrub is a plant of the family Cyperaceae native to Madagascar, which has a large ability to absorb nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, and is suitable not only for high-temperature environments but also for low-temperature environments, and is most preferable.

The multifunctional block of the present invention is installed in a flowing water section such as a river, and has a water purification function, a bed protection function, a root fixing function and a fish nest function.

FIGS. 4 and 5 show a water purification system 30 according to a second embodiment of the present invention. FIG.
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view thereof. A large number of multifunctional blocks 1 according to the present invention are laid on the riverbed 35 of the river 37 in the embankment 36 as illustrated in FIGS. 4 and 5 to form a meandering channel 31 in which the water flow 32 meanders. . A lump, a block, a boulder, etc. 33 are arranged on the upstream side of the area where the multifunctional block 1 is laid, and a boulder, gravel 34, etc. are arranged on the downstream side to protect the area where the block 1 is arranged, Ensure that running water flows quietly through this area. The water flow naturally flows into the area where the block 1 is laid by the centrifugal force due to the meandering of the water channel. Therefore, no special power for supplying the water flow is required. In block 1, as shown in FIG. 1, a pavement layer, a mesh material, a stone material layer, and a greening base material layer are sequentially laminated from the bottom,
The aquatic plant 21 is planted. This system is installed in waterways that discharge treated water discharged from biological water purification treatment equipment to rivers and lakes, waterways that discharge household wastewater, etc.
It is an excellent system that performs water purification function, bed protection function, root fixation function and fish nest function. In addition, this system as a whole builds an environment that is friendly to humans, such as providing excellent scenery and providing a place for relaxation.

[0021]

Since the multifunctional block and the water purification system of the present invention are constructed as described above, the water purification function and the fish nest function can be obtained in addition to the function of protecting the bed or the roots. No special power source such as water supply is required because the natural flow of the river is used for water purification. In addition, maintenance is very easy because it is only necessary to cut off aquatic plants as appropriate. In addition, it is possible to secure a habitat for fish and shellfish, and to create a beautiful and ecological waterside landscape by greening with aquatic plants.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view of a block according to an embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a block cross-sectional view of the embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a plan view of a block according to the embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a plan view of the water purification system of the embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the water purification system of the embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Block 2 Space part 3 Side wall 4 Opening 5 Bottom 6 Leg 7 Opening 11 Paving stone 13 Mesh material 14 Lower space 15 Upper stone layer 16 Greening base material 21 Aquatic plant 22 Root 23 Water 24 Arrow 25 Water bottom 30 Water purification system 31 Meandering channel 32 Water flow 33 Cobbles, blocks, cobblestones, etc. 34 Cobblestones, gravel 35 Riverbed 36 Dike 37 River

──────────────────────────────────────────────────の Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification symbol FI Theme coat ゛ (Reference) E02B 3/14 301 E02B 3/14 301 (72) Inventor Kenji Masaki 26-13 Asahimachi, Nagasaki City, Nagasaki Prefecture F term in Masaki Envek Co., Ltd. (reference) 2B027 NA10 NC02 NC05 NC17 NC21 NC27 NC36 NC37 NC43 NC44 ND20 NE10 QA05 QB03 QB12 QB23 QC02 2B314 MA27 MA62 NC06 PB02 PC03 PC16 PC17 PC18 PC23 2D018 DA06 EA11 4D040 CC05 CC05

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A box-shaped concrete block having a space therein, wherein an upper surface of a space portion of the block is open, an opening is provided on a side wall of the block, and a leg is provided on a bottom surface of the block. A multifunctional block characterized by forming an aquatic plant planting section inside. 2. The multifunctional block according to claim 1, wherein the aquatic plant planting section has a structure in which a cobblestone layer, a mesh material, a stone material layer, and a greening base material layer are sequentially stacked from the bottom. 3. A river is formed in a meandering shape, a number of the multifunctional blocks according to claim 1 are laid on a riverbed inside a meandering bend, and the inside of the block has a rough stone structure, and aquatic plants in the block are provided. A water purification system, wherein a plant is vegetated in a planting section, and a structure is adopted in which running water of a river is introduced and passed through the block.