JPH08316918A - 管内電波の送信方法 - Google Patents

管内電波の送信方法

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Publication number
JPH08316918A
JPH08316918A JP11587995A JP11587995A JPH08316918A JP H08316918 A JPH08316918 A JP H08316918A JP 11587995 A JP11587995 A JP 11587995A JP 11587995 A JP11587995 A JP 11587995A JP H08316918 A JPH08316918 A JP H08316918A
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JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
pipe
radio wave
frequency
robot
tube
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JP11587995A
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English (en)
Inventor
Kiichi Suyama
毅一 陶山
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Tokyo Gas Co Ltd
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Tokyo Gas Co Ltd
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Application filed by Tokyo Gas Co Ltd filed Critical Tokyo Gas Co Ltd
Priority to JP11587995A priority Critical patent/JPH08316918A/ja
Publication of JPH08316918A publication Critical patent/JPH08316918A/ja
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Abstract

(57)【要約】 【目的】 管の端部から不必要な電波を漏出させること
のない、管内電波送信方法を提供すること。 【構成】 管内には、電波を伝達させたい管の遮断周波
数以上で、電波の伝達を希望しない管の遮断周波数以下
の周波数を選択して発信する。電波は、管の内径で定め
られる所定の遮断周波数以下の周波数では長距離伝搬さ
れることがない性質を有するので、径の異なる管が接続
されている時は、所望の細い管には電波を伝達させない
ようにすることができる。したがって、管内には、無線
操縦のロボットを挿入したり、管の損傷を電波の漏洩か
ら検出するため電波を発信するが、このように周波数を
選択することにより、所望の管にのみ電波を送信でき、
不必要な管の端部からの電波の漏洩を防止できる。

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】
【0001】
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、所望の管に選択的に電
波を送信できる管内電波の送信方法に関する。
【0002】
【従来技術】例えば、ガスを需要者に供給するガス管に
おいては、多数のガス管が供給側から需要者までの間に
配管されており、管の亀裂や折損事故を未然に防止する
ため適確な検査が必要とされる。又化学プラント等にお
いても各種流体を搬送する管が配設され、適宜検査が必
要である。
【0003】ところで、地中に埋設された管を掘削して
管の状態を検査するには多く時間と労力が必要となり、
全ての管を検査するのは経済的にも不可能である。また
直接内部を観察したり、複雑に配管された長大な管を逐
一目視で検査することも非常に困難である。
【0004】このようなガス管やその他各種流体を搬送
している管を検査する方法として、各種の方法が知られ
ているが、本発明者らは、管内にロボットを走行させ、
ロボットに搭載した撮影機器によって管内の状況を撮影
させて地上で管内の状態を検査する方法や、管内に電波
を送信させ、損傷箇所から管外に漏出される電波を受信
して、管の損傷を検出する方法等を発明している。
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】ところが、ロボットと
の通信や管の損傷箇所から漏洩させるために電波を管内
に送ると、電波が管内を伝わり、予定しない箇所から電
波が発散されることがある。つまり、管の端部に家庭用
の器具が取り付けられていると、電波が管端から発散さ
れたり、又管に開放端があるとそこから発散されてしま
う。すると、家庭内に電波障害を発生させたり、マイク
ロ波で通信や電力供給等を行なったときには電磁波によ
る人体への問題が発生する。又、管の検査のため電波の
漏洩を検出しているときには、これら予定しない箇所か
らの発散があると管の損傷箇所と誤って判断され、電波
の漏出箇所の確定が困難になるという問題があった。
【0006】本発明は、上記課題を解決し、電波を所望
の管にのみ選択的に到達させて不必要な電波の漏洩を防
ぎ、電波障害の防止や損傷箇所の特定を容易にできる管
内電波の送信方法を提供することを目的とする。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は、上記課題を解
決するため、異なる径の管が接続されてなる配管網にお
いて、管の一端から管内に送信する電波の周波数を、該
電波を到達させる所望の管の遮断周波数以上とし、かつ
該電波の到達を所望しない管の遮断周波数以下として管
内電波の送信方法を構成した。
【0008】また、配管網がガス管であり、各需要者に
接続された管の径の遮断周波数以下とし、該需要者に接
続された管内には電波を到達させないように電波の周波
数を設定した。
【0009】電波は、管内に挿入させたロボットとの間
で通信される電波であることとした。
【0010】電波は、管の損傷箇所から漏洩し、この漏
洩電波を検出することにより管の損傷箇所を検出する検
出方法に用いられる電波であることとした。
【0011】
【作用】遮断周波数は、管の内径から定まる所定の周波
数であり、管内を少ない減衰量で伝播できる最低周波数
のことである。すなわち、周波数が遮断周波数以下では
管内に電波を送信しても減衰が大きく、遠方へ進行する
ことがない。
【0012】一般のガス管網は、ガス会社等供給側から
直径の大きな管を用いてガスを送り出し、途中で多くの
管に分割させて徐々に細い管とし、最終的な需要者であ
る各家庭には、一部大口需要者を除いてほとんどが直径
27.6ミリのガス管で供給するようにしている。
【0013】そこで例えば、ロボットをガス管の内部に
進行させ、管内で撮影等の作業をロボットに行なわせた
場合、ロボットとの間でやり取りされる電波の周波数
を、ロボットにより検査しようとする管の遮断周波数以
上とし、家庭用の管の遮断周波数以下とする。このよう
に設定すると、ロボットを挿入させた管、つまり比較的
大径の管の内部では電波が確実に伝播し、ロボットを管
内で無線によって制御できる一方、小径の家庭用の管に
は、遮断周波数以下であることから電波が進行しない。
したがって、ロボットが作業を行なっている管に家庭用
の細い管が接続されている場合であっても、家庭用の管
には電波が進入しないので、ロボット通信用の電波が家
庭用の管を通して家庭内に発散されることがない。
【0014】また、電波を管内に発信し、管の損傷箇所
から漏出する電波を検知して管の損傷箇所を検出する作
業において、損傷を検出しようとする管の遮断周波数以
上で、かつ検査する管に接続されたより細い管の遮断周
波数以下の周波数で発信する。つまり、異なる径の管が
順次接続されている場合に、それぞれの遮断周波数毎に
発信周波数を段階的に変化させて検査する。例えばまず
最初に径の最大の管の遮断周波数以上で、かつそれより
径の小さな管の遮断周波数以下の範囲で周波数を設定
し、電波を管内に送信する。すると電波は最大径の管内
のみ伝播し、次の径の管には進入せず、最大径の管につ
いての電波の漏洩を検査できる。そして、順次周波数を
上昇させることにより、検査範囲が広げられる。このよ
うにすると、上述したように家庭内に電波を漏出させな
いことに加え、管の遮断周波数が低い、つまり径が大き
い管内には電波が進行し、もし管に損傷があれば容易に
検出でき、一方発信周波数より遮断周波数が高い管に
は、電波が進行しないので、所望の管のみに電波を到達
させて電波の到達範囲を特定し、電波を検知すべき検査
範囲を限定でき、漏出位置の確認を容易にし、確実な損
傷検査を行なうことができる。
【0015】
【実施例】本発明の管内電波の送信方法の一実施例につ
いて、無線制御のロボットを管内で作動させた場合を例
に図1に基づいて説明する。
【0016】ロボット3は、車輪を有した自走装置と管
5の内部を撮影する撮影装置(いずれも図示せず)を備
え、地上の検査装置1から送られる電波によって制御さ
れ、また撮影した映像を無線によって地上に送り返し、
モニタ6に映し出す。被検査管は、径が155.2ミリ
の通常150Aと呼ばれるガス管5で、ロボット3を挿
入できる充分な太さを有しており、管端にアンテナ2を
介して検査装置1が接続されている。アンテナ2は図4
に示すように、ガス管5に勘合する有底の円筒状で、底
の中央部分や周縁部に送信アンテナ21、受信アンテナ
23及び位置検出用のアンテナ22、24が設けられて
いる。ロボット3にはこれらアンテナに対応したアンテ
ナが適宜設けられている。又、ガス管5には、径が2
7.6mmの25Aと呼ばれる家庭用の細管4が接続し
ており、細管4は需要者である各家庭の各器具に接続さ
れている。
【0017】管の遮断周波数は、次の数1で求められ
る。
【0018】
【数1】 遮断周波数=光速/(1.706×内径) 又、管の内径と遮断周波数の関係を図2に表す。
【0019】したがって、150Aであるガス管5の遮
断周波数は、
【式1】に基づき、1.13GHzとなり、又、細管4
の遮断周波数は、6.37GHzと求められる。管内の
ロボット3との通信には、ガス管5の遮断周波数以上
で、かつ細管4の遮断周波数以下の周波数を選択すると
いう条件から、3GHzとする。選択した周波数が遮断
周波数に近過ぎると、減衰が若干大きくなるため遮断周
波数から幾分離すことが好ましい。
【0020】このように周波数を選定し、地上からのロ
ボット3の制御及びロボット3からの映像の送信にかか
る選択した周波数の電波を用いると、ガス管5の内部で
は電波が良好に伝わり、ロボット3との間での通信は何
等支障なくおこなうことができる。一方、細管4内に
は、管5内に発信している電波の周波数、3GHzは管
4の遮断周波数以下であることから、電波は管4内に進
入せず、細管4の端部から家庭内等に電波が発散される
ことがない。
【0021】次に、他の実施例について説明する。
【0022】この例は、被検査管の内部に電波を発信
し、被検査管に損傷箇所がある場合にはこの損傷箇所か
ら電波が漏れ出すことを利用し、漏出した電波を管外か
ら検出して管の損傷位置を検出する検査方法に用いたも
のである。
【0023】つまり、アンテナを被検査管の一端に設
け、このアンテナから電波を管内に発信する一方、管の
外部に電波を受信する受信機を設け、管に沿って移動さ
せながら電波を受信する。仮に管に損傷があるとその損
傷箇所から電波が外に漏洩するので、漏洩電波を受信機
によって受信することで損傷箇所を検出する。
【0024】図3に、かかる例の被検査管を示す。被検
査管は、上記実施例と同様ガス管であり、径が155.
2ミリの管11(150A)に径105.3ミリの管1
2(100A)が接続し、更に管12に52.9ミリの
管13(50A)が接続しており、又それぞれの管1
1、12、13に家庭用の細管4(27.6ミリ,25
A)が接続している。実際には、管はより多く分岐して
いるが、省略する。又管11、12、13はそれぞれ適
当な長さを有し、管11の一端には送信装置20のアン
テナ2が取り付けられている。
【0025】まず、管11の損傷を検査するとき、管1
1の遮断周波数である、1.13GHz以上で、かつ管
12の遮断周波数1.67GHz以下の範囲で周波数を
選択して送信電波とし、送信装置20からアンテナ2を
介して管11内に発信する。このようにすると、管11
内に電波が進行するので、仮に管11に損傷がある場合
には損傷箇所から電波が漏出し、受信機(図示せず)に
よりかかる損傷箇所からの電波を受信して位置を検出す
ることができる。そして、この電波は管12や細管4の
遮断周波数以下であることからこれら管には進入せず、
受信機による電波の検出範囲を管11にのみ限定して行
なうことができる。しかも、細管4の端部等から電波が
漏出しないので、家庭内に電波障害を発生させず、又細
管4から漏れる電波によって受信機の誤動作がなく、正
確な損傷検査ができる。
【0026】次に、周波数を管12の遮断周波数1.6
7GHz以上で、管13の遮断周波数である3.33G
Hz以下の範囲に設定する。このようにすると、電波は
管11及び管12内に進入するが、管13や細管4等に
は進入しないので、電波の到達範囲を管11と管12に
限定でき、又細管4からの電波の漏出を防止し、正確な
検査を無駄なく実施できる。更に、周波数を管13の遮
断周波数3.33GHz以上で、細管4の遮断周波数
6.37GHz以下の範囲に設定する。すると、細管4
以外の管全体に電波が伝達し、全体を検査することがで
き、しかも細管4から電波を漏出させることがない。
【0027】このように、発信周波数を順次変更するこ
とにより、伝播される管が変更できるので、検出範囲を
特定して正確な検査を行なうことができる。更に、電波
は細管4の遮断周波数以下であることから、細管4内に
進入することがなく、細管4からの電波を誤って検出す
る誤動作や家庭に電波障害等を発生させることがない。
【0028】尚、被検査管はガス管に限らず、プラント
に使用されているような他の流体を搬送する管でもよ
い。更に、電波は制御等に用いる信号でなく、マイクロ
波であって電力を供給するような出力の大きなものでも
よい。
【0029】
【発明の効果】本発明の管内電波の送信方法によれば、
管の遮断周波数に応じて管内に送信する電波の周波数を
変更するようにしたので、電波の到達範囲を任意に選択
することができる。したがって、検査を行なう管にのみ
電波を送り、その他の管、特に家庭用の管等に電波を伝
達させないので器具等を備えた箇所での電波障害の発生
を防止することができる。
【0030】又、管内に送信した電波の漏洩から管を検
査する検査方法において、電波の到達範囲を管の径の違
いを利用して特定できるので、特定した送信範囲のみに
限って漏出電波の検査をすれば良く、正確な管の検査を
容易に、かつ短時間に確実に行なうことができる。又、
他の管の開口端から漏洩する電波がないので、損傷と関
係のない箇所からの電波を受信機が受信することがな
く、損傷箇所として誤った位置を検出することがなく、
正確な検査が実施できる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明にかかる管内電波の送信方法の一実施例
を示す図である。
【図2】遮断周波数と管の内径の関係を表すグラフであ
る。
【図3】本発明にかかる管内電波の送信方法の他の実施
例を示す図である。
【図4】アンテナを示す図である。
【符号の説明】
1 検査装置 2 アンテナ 3 ロボット 4 細管 5 ガス管 6 モニタ 11、12、13 管 20 送信装置 21 送信アンテナ 22、24 アンテナ 23 受信アンテナ

Claims (4)

    【特許請求の範囲】
  1. 【請求項1】 異なる径の管が接続されてなる配管網に
    おいて、前記管の一端から管内に送信する電波の周波数
    を、該電波の到達を所望する管の遮断周波数以上とし、
    かつ該電波の到達を所望しない管の遮断周波数以下とし
    たことを特徴とする管内電波の送信方法。
  2. 【請求項2】 前記配管網がガス管であり、前記電波の
    周波数を各需要者に接続された管の遮断周波数以下と
    し、該需要者に接続された管内には電波を到達させない
    ように該電波の周波数を設定したことを特徴とする請求
    項1に記載の管内電波の送信方法。
  3. 【請求項3】 前記電波は管内に挿入させたロボットと
    の間で通信される電波である請求項1又は2に記載の管
    内電波の送信方法。
  4. 【請求項4】 前記電波は、該管に形成された孔部から
    漏洩し、該漏洩電波を検出することにより該管の損傷箇
    所を検出する検出手段に用いられる電波である請求項1
    又は2に記載の管内電波の送信方法。
JP11587995A 1995-05-15 1995-05-15 管内電波の送信方法 Pending JPH08316918A (ja)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP11587995A JPH08316918A (ja) 1995-05-15 1995-05-15 管内電波の送信方法

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP11587995A JPH08316918A (ja) 1995-05-15 1995-05-15 管内電波の送信方法

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH08316918A true JPH08316918A (ja) 1996-11-29

Family

ID=14673441

Family Applications (1)

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JP11587995A Pending JPH08316918A (ja) 1995-05-15 1995-05-15 管内電波の送信方法

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPH08316918A (ja)

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US5994984A (en) * 1997-11-13 1999-11-30 Carnegie Mellon University Wireless signal distribution in a building HVAC system
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