JPH08312248A - Ventilation structure for vault - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To provide a ventilation structure for vault excellent in fire resistance. CONSTITUTION: An exhausting small space D covered with a fireproofing wall 2 which is connected to an air outlet 16 formed on a part of the ceiling of a vault is formed to exhaust the air in the vault 1 from the exhausting small space D through an exhaust duct 17, and an air supplying small space E covered with the fireproofing wall 2 which is connected to an air intake duct 23 is formed on the wall or ceiling part of the vault 1, and the air supplying small space E is connected to the vault 1 through an air inlet 22 to feed the external air to the vault 1. Fireproofing plugs 20 openable and closable to interrupt the air flow are formed between the air outlet 16 and the exhausting small space D and between the air inlet 22 and the air supplying small space E.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention mainly relates to a ventilation structure and a ventilation system for a vault that is required to have heat insulation performance, fire resistance performance and crime prevention performance.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, ventilation in a vault covered with a thick fireproof wall such as a concrete wall has been performed by simply providing a ventilation fan on the ceiling.

[0003]

However, in the ventilation structure as described above, in the event of a fire from the outside, heat or flame reaches the inside of the safe room through the ventilation fan from the ventilation duct,
It had the drawback of damaging valuables and documents in the room. In addition, there is a risk that smoke such as toxic gas generated outside travels through the ventilation path and fills the room. Further, when water is released by digestion work outside, there is also a risk that water used for digestion, chemical extinguishing agents, etc. may enter the room through the ventilation route.

[0004]

In order to eliminate such drawbacks, the present invention connects exhaust and air supply small spaces having fire resistance equivalent to that of a vault via exhaust holes and air supply holes, respectively. In the unlikely event of a fire, the vault will be completely sealed and independent from the outside by closing the fireproof plugs formed in the exhaust and air supply holes, and valuables in the vault will be heated, smoked, and burned. It proposes a vault ventilation structure that is useful for protection from water, etc.

[0005]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of a vault ventilation structure according to the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing a typical example of the ventilation structure. The vault 1 is a space surrounded by a fireproof wall 2 and a fireproof floor 3, and a doorway (not shown) attached to a locking device is provided in the vault. It is a general safe room 1 that is formed.

The fireproof wall 2 corresponds to the wall portion and ceiling portion of the vault 1, and is made of, for example, a concrete type, calcium silicate, calcium carbonate, aluminum hydroxide or the like having an excellent fireproofing property, or these. It is made of foam. A laminated structure of an inorganic material and a synthetic resin foam may be used as shown in FIG. 2, which corresponds to an enlarged view of a part in FIG. 1, which is useful for improving the heat insulating performance and reducing the wall thickness. it can.

That is, FIG. 2 has a structure in which a concrete layer B is laminated on the front surface and the back surface of the internal synthetic resin foam layer A. The synthetic resin foam layer A is made of nurate foam, phenol foam (resole type, novolac type) or the like, which is particularly excellent in fire resistance and heat insulation performance, and is formed by blowing foam at the construction site and in advance. It is roughly classified into two cases when a panel-shaped article formed on a molded article is attached and constructed.

That is, when the synthetic resin foam layer A is formed by the former in-situ blowing foam type, the material thereof is hard urethane foam, or flame-retardant second-class or third-class (J
IS-A-1321) Phenol + isocyanate + flame-retardant material of acceptable product is used. Of course, a non-CFC synthetic resin is used, and flame retardant is achieved with phenol.

The construction sequence for forming the on-site blowing foam type synthetic resin foam layer A is as follows. After forming either the left or right concrete layer B, the synthetic resin foam layer A is formed.
Is formed by spraying, and the other concrete layer B
Or the left and right concrete layers B are formed in advance by using a mold or the like, and then the mold is removed, and the resulting voids are sprayed and injected to obtain the synthetic resin foam layer A. Is formed.

Further, as an example of the latter panel-shaped molded body, for example, as shown in FIG. 3, nurate foam or phenol foam molded into a plate shape is sequentially laminated to form a synthetic resin foam layer A. It is a thing.
At this time, in particular, if a high-density plate (for example, trade name: Mocbuild, manufactured by Kubota) having a molding density of 200 to 500 Kg / m ³ is used, it is preferable in terms of heat insulation, fire resistance, and strength. . Further, in the synthetic resin foam layer A, as various flame-retardant materials, lightweight aggregates (perlite grains, glass beads, gypsum slag, talc stones, shirasu balloons, etc.), fibrous materials (glass wool, rock wool, carbon fiber, Graphite, etc.) can be mixed to improve fire resistance and fire resistance.

Further, FIG. 4 shows a composite plate C in which a front material 4 and a back material 5 sandwich a core material 6 made of a synthetic resin foam.
It is a thing that, by sequentially sticking together,
The synthetic resin foam layer A is formed. Further, in FIG. 4, a wood mouth cover material 7 for covering the wood mouth surface of the composite plate C is formed. By covering the periphery of the core material 6 with an impermeable substance, a gas barrier structure is formed as a whole, and moisture intrusion is performed. It is useful for prevention.

The surface material 4, the back surface material 5, and the mouthpiece cover material 7 are made of thin metal plates having strong corrosion resistance to acid and alkali components, such as iron, aluminum, copper, stainless steel, titanium, aluminum / zinc alloy plated steel sheets, Roll forming and press forming of enamel steel plate, galvalume steel plate, clad steel plate, laminated steel plate (PVC steel plate, etc.), sandwich steel plate (damping steel plate, etc.) , Molded into various shapes by extrusion molding, or formed into various arbitrary shapes by extrusion molding, press molding, autoclave culturing, etc. of inorganic materials, and aluminum vapor-deposited paper, asbestos paper, kraft paper, asphalt Felt, metal foil (Al, Fe, Pb, Cu), synthetic resin sheet, rubber sheet, cloth sheet, stone Paper, aluminum hydroxide paper, one such as glass fiber nonwoven fabric, or those of two or more laminated or waterproof treatment, is made of a flame-retardant treated sheet.

Further, the surface material 4 and the back surface material 5 and the core material 6
As a compounding method, the core material 6 is mixed with a synthetic resin stock solution, a curing agent, and a foaming agent, and the mixture is discharged onto the back surface side of the front surface material 4 or the back surface material 5 and heated continuously or by a badge method. When it is formed by reactive foaming, it is integrally compounded by utilizing the self-adhesiveness of the core material 6 itself. Further, when the core material 6 is a molded body, the core material 6 and the front surface material 4, the back surface material 5, and the mouthpiece cover material 7 are bonded together through an adhesive agent (not shown) to integrally combine them. Is.

FIG. 5 shows an example of a composite plate C in which a core material 6 made of various synthetic resin foams is laminated on the front and back surfaces of a fiber-containing cloth 8 and a resin film 4a in this order. The fiber-containing cloth 8 is a cloth-like material in which carbon fibers, glass fibers, inorganic fibers and the like are mixed, and is intended to improve the adhesiveness with the core material 6 and the fire resistance performance due to the anchor effect.
Further, the resin film 4a functions as a protective material for the surface, and by coating the surface of the resin film 4a to form a coating film (not shown), further improvement in weather resistance, durability and surface design Can be improved.

The core material 6 and the fiber-mixed cloth 8 are adhered to each other by utilizing the self-adhesiveness of the core material 6 or by a separate adhesive (not shown). Also, a fiber-mixed cloth 8
The resin film 4a and the resin film 4a are bonded to each other by heat-sealing the resin film 4a itself or by compounding the resin film 4a with a separate adhesive (not shown).

In FIG. 6, the core material 6 is sandwiched between the front surface material 4 and the rear surface material 5, and the male fitting portion 9 and the female fitting portion 10 are formed by molding the cross-section into an arbitrary shape, and the male fitting portion 9 and the female fitting portion 10 are sequentially formed. A composite plate capable of forming the synthetic resin foam layer A with high efficiency by female fitting and lateral lining. An inorganic board 11 such as a calcium silicate plate is provided in the vicinity of the male fitting portion 9 and the female fitting portion 10, and a glass fiber mat 11a is interposed in the fitting portion so that the fire resistance performance is particularly improved.

In particular, the core material 6 is a resol type phenolic resin, a foaming agent, aluminum hydroxide (Al (O
H) ₃ ), barium carbonate, graphite, a curing agent, and an inorganic material such as calcium silicate or calcium carbonate are mixed, foamed and cured, and the final density is 50 to 300 kg.
/ M ³ position, JIS-A-1301 (fire protection test method for wooden parts of buildings) alone, JIS-A-1302
It is a composite plate C having a fireproof performance that passes a fireproof structure test in (a fireproof test method for a non-combustible structure portion of a building) and a fireproof performance that passes a JIS-A-1304 fireproof structure 1 hour test.

As shown in FIG. 2, the concrete layer B is formed by laminating both sides of the synthetic resin foam layer A, and has a fireproof performance in the vault 1, a function of preventing destruction in a machine tool, etc. A sound insulation function is added.

For the concrete layer B, a mold is used separately,
It is also possible to form a concrete layer B that is cast in the field, or to form concrete panels (PC boards) that have been previously formed into a panel shape in order. Of course, in order to improve the strength inside the concrete layer B, it is possible to embed reinforcing bars or various aggregates.

Further, as shown by a chain double-dashed line in FIG. 2, the interior material 12 and the exterior material 1 are optionally provided on the surface of the concrete layer B.
3 can also be formed. That is, the interior material 12 and the exterior material 13 are made of a panel, a decorative cloth, a spray paint or the like. In FIG. 2, the synthetic resin foam layer A
When the thickness of the concrete layer B is T2 and the thickness of the concrete layer B is T1, T2 = 30 to 200 mm, T1 = 30 to 150 mm
It is about the thickness.

As shown in FIG. 7, which is an enlarged view of the portion B in FIG. 1, the structure of the fireproof floor 3 of the vault 1 is such that the synthetic resin foam layer A, the concrete layer B and the floor described above are placed on the ground 14. The material 15 is laminated in this order. Especially floor material 15
From the viewpoint of moisture resistance, abrasion resistance, and dust resistance, it is preferable to use a urethane elastomer sprayed or a composite containing a urethane elastomer as a main component.

In FIG. 7, the thickness of the synthetic resin foam layer A is H3, the thickness of the concrete layer B is H1, and the floor material 15 is
H3 = 30 to 150 mm, H1
= 100 to 300 mm and H2 = 2 to 15 mm.

In FIG. 1, D is a small exhaust space, which is formed on the ceiling of the safe 1. The small exhaust space D is made of the same material as the ceiling of the vault 1 and the fireproof wall 2 described above, and is a space surrounded by a small space wall 2a having a fireproof property. It is connected. Further, an exhaust duct 17 is connected to the outside of the safe room 1 from the small exhaust space D, and the air in the safe room 1 is exhausted through the exhaust hole 16-exhaust small space like the flow of the air shown by the arrow in FIG. D-exhaust duct 17-forms a path for exhausting air in the order of outside air.

A fan unit 18 may be optionally provided in the exhaust duct 17 as required.
By rotating the fan, the fan device 18
The air in the small exhaust space D is decompressed to increase the ventilation amount, which is useful for adjusting the ventilation amount.

Further, the tip portion of the exhaust duct 17 can be connected to the heat exchange device 19. The heat exchange device 19 exchanges the heat of the air in the safe 1 with the heat of the air of the outside air, and is useful for energy saving as an auxiliary for air conditioning such as heating and cooling.

In the small exhaust space D, a fireproof plug 20 and a sensor 21 for closing the exhaust hole 16 are formed. The fireproof plug 20 is made of a material having the same fireproof performance as the fireproof wall 2 described above, opens and closes the exhaust hole 16 in conjunction with the sensor 21, shuts off the air flow in the safe room 1 in an emergency, and The chamber 1 is sealed. Note that the fire hydrant 20 is normally open.

The sensor 21 measures the temperature in the small exhaust space D,
Always detect smoke, toxic gas, etc.
When an abnormality such as mixing of smoke or toxic gas is found, the fire hydrant 20 is closed via a separate control box (not shown), the ventilation path is shut off, heat from outside, toxic gas, It protects valuables and the like inside the safe 1 from smoke and the like.

In FIG. 1, E is a small air supply space, which is formed on the ceiling or wall of the safe 1. The air supply small space E is made of the same material as the fireproof wall 2 of the vault 1 and is a space surrounded by a small space wall 2a having fire resistance, and is connected to the vault 1 via an air supply hole 22. It has been done. Further, an air supply duct 23 is connected to the outside of the safe room 1 from the small air supply space E, and the air is supplied into the safe room 1 from the outside air to the air supply duct as shown by the flow of the air shown by the arrow in FIG. A path for supplying air is formed in the order of 23-small air supply space E-safe room 1.

Further, an air conditioner 24 can be optionally provided in the air supply duct 23 as shown by a two-dot chain line. The air conditioner 24 includes one or more of an air conditioner, a dehumidifier, a humidifier, a cooler, a heater, and the like. By heating, cooling, dehumidifying, humidifying, and the like of the outside air, the temperature of the air in the vault 1, It is useful for keeping the humidity constant at all times.

Furthermore, the tip portion of the air supply duct 23 can be connected to the heat exchange device 19. The heat exchange device 19 exchanges the heat of the air in the safe 1 with the heat of the air of the outside air, and is useful for energy saving as an auxiliary for air conditioning such as heating and cooling.

In the small air supply space E, a fireproof plug 20 and a sensor 21 for closing the air supply hole 22 are formed. The fireproof plug 20 is made of a material having fireproof performance similar to that of the fireproof wall 2 described above, opens and closes the air supply hole 22 in conjunction with the sensor 21, and shuts off the air flow in the safe room 1 in case of emergency. The chamber 1 is sealed. Note that the fire hydrant 20 is normally open.

The sensor 21 measures the temperature in the small air supply space E,
Always detect smoke, toxic gas, etc.
When an abnormality such as mixing of smoke or toxic gas is found, the fire hydrant 20 is closed via a separate control box (not shown), the ventilation path is shut off, heat from outside, toxic gas, It protects valuables and the like inside the safe 1 from smoke and the like. Of course, the opening and closing of the fireproof plug 20 in the small air supply space E and the fireproof plug 20 in the small exhaust space D can be linked.

[0033]

As described above, according to the vault room ventilation structure of the present invention, the exhaust small space and the supply small space having the same fire resistance as the safe are provided through the exhaust hole and the supply hole, respectively. In the unlikely event of a fire, by closing the fireproof plugs formed in the exhaust and air supply holes, the vault is completely sealed and independent from the outside, and valuables in the vault are heated. ,smoke,
It is useful for protecting from flames, water, etc. There are characteristics and effects.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a typical example of a vault ventilation structure according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion A in FIG.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of a synthetic resin foam layer in FIG.

4 is an explanatory view showing an example of a synthetic resin foam layer in FIG.

5 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of a synthetic resin foam layer in FIG.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory view showing an example of a synthetic resin foam layer in FIG.

FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of a portion B in FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 A synthetic resin foam layer B concrete layer C composite board D exhaust small space E air supply small space 1 safe room 2 fireproof wall 2a small space wall 3 fireproof floor 4 surface material 4a resin film 5 backing material 6 core material 7 wood cover material 8 Fiber mixed cloth 9 Male fitting part 10 Female fitting part 11 Inorganic board 11a Glass fiber mat 12 Interior material 13 Exterior material 14 Ground 15 Floor material 16 Exhaust hole 17 Exhaust duct 18 Fan device 19 Heat exchange device 20 Fire proof 21 Sensor 22 air supply hole 23 air supply duct 24 air conditioner

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. In a structure for ventilating air in a vault covered with a fireproof wall, an exhaust small space covered with a fireproof wall is formed which is connected to an exhaust hole formed in a part of the ceiling of the vault, and the exhaust gas is exhausted. Air in the safe room is exhausted from the small space through the exhaust duct, and a small air supply space covered with a fireproof wall that is connected to the air supply duct is formed on the wall or ceiling of the safe room.
It has a structure in which a safe room is connected from the small air supply space via an air supply hole to supply outside air to the safe room, and it can be opened and closed between the exhaust hole and the exhaust small space and between the air supply hole and the small air supply space. A vault ventilation structure characterized by forming a fireproof plug that can block the flow of air.