JPH08309591A - Waste volume reducing machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To reduce an excess compression loading by restricting the restoring force in the vertical direction with an upper face part facing to the front face of upper part of a compressed waste and a lower face part facing to the front face of lower part with a passage member carrying the compressed waste to a packing means. CONSTITUTION: When a definite volume of a pet-bottle is introduced in a compression room 1 from a hopper 5 receiving the pet bottle to be reduced in volume, a main cylinder 2 is lowered and it is compressed to the height enable to pass a taking outlet. In this time, the pet bottle in the closely sealed state is drilled with a drilling member 42y of a projecting needle, etc. After finishing of compressing, it is pushed in toward a cylinder like passage 6 with an extrusion cylinder 3, while restricting the restoring force of the compressed pet bottle against the up and down direction and right and left direction, it is moved to a tying position 4c and it is tied. In such a way, the expansion caused on the restoring force of the pet bottle is made needlessly to consider and the compression loading can be reduced and the projecting and recessing parts on the external face of packed subject can be made few.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a waste volume reducer for compressing and reducing the volume of containers such as PET bottles.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, volume reduction processing of bulky waste such as PET bottles has been carried out by using a waste volume reduction machine that compresses a set amount and then binds it into a block.

Generally, a waste volume reducing machine used for such volume reduction processing is roughly divided into three parts. That is, the first part is a hopper part that holds waste products such as plastic bottles and discharges them in predetermined amounts, the second part is a compression part that compresses the waste products from the hopper part, and the third part is a compression part. It is a packing unit that binds the collected waste.

Here, as an example of such a waste volume reducing machine, a schematic configuration thereof is shown in FIG. In FIG. 5, a large number of plastic bottles whose volume is to be reduced are held in the hopper 55 that constitutes the hopper portion. The discharge port of the hopper 55 is opened to the compression chamber 51 described later, and the hopper 5
5 is controlled so as to introduce a predetermined fixed amount of plastic bottle into the compression chamber 51.

In the compression section, a compression chamber 51 into which a plastic bottle is introduced from a hopper 55, a main cylinder 52 that reciprocates up and down to increase or decrease the volume of the compression chamber 51 and compress the internal plastic bottle, and a main cylinder. An outlet 51a for discharging the PET bottle compressed by 52 and an extrusion cylinder 53 for extruding the PET bottle in a compressed state toward the outlet 51a are provided.

Therefore, when a certain amount of plastic bottle is introduced from the hopper 55 into the compression chamber 51, the main cylinder 5
2 is lowered and crushes the PET bottle to a thickness that allows it to pass the height of the outlet 51a, and in that state, the PET cylinder compressed by the extrusion cylinder 53 provided facing the outlet 51a is directed to the packing unit. And extrude.

The packing portion is provided so as to communicate with the outlet 51a of the compression chamber 51, and a binding machine 54 for binding PET bottles in a compressed state and a gate opening / closing cylinder provided in the vicinity of the outlet 51a. 54b and a bale-holding cylinder 54a for bundling provided near the bundling position 54c.

The compressed PET bottle extruded from the extruding cylinder 53 is extruded to the bundling position 54c of the bundling machine 54. A bale-holding cylinder 54a for bundling is provided in the vicinity of the bundling position 54c, and the PET bottle in a compressed state is pressed from above so as not to be restored and is bound in that state.

Since the extrusion cylinder 53 is set so as to extrude the compressed PET bottle by a predetermined distance, one block of the compressed PET bottle is separated by the binding machine by a predetermined distance. It will be bundled in several places for each position, and it will be obtained as a veil of waste as shown in FIG.

[0010]

However, such a waste volume reducer is restored to a certain extent when the waste is discharged from the compression chamber and moved to the bundling position of the packing unit, so that the waste volume is discarded in the compression chamber. Extra weight needs to be applied so that the item is more compact than the final waste bundle.

Therefore, it is necessary to use a relatively large and costly cylinder as the main cylinder of the compression section, which causes an increase in size and cost of the entire apparatus.

Further, since a cylinder is provided separately from the main cylinder in order to suppress the expansion of the waste discharged from the compression chamber, this also causes an increase in the size and cost of the entire apparatus.

Further, since the cylinder is used to suppress the expansion of the waste discharged from the compression chamber, a strong pressure is applied to the position where the cylinder is in contact with the surface of the compressed waste. As shown in FIG. 5, the bale of the obtained compressed waste has a rugged surface with the bundling position as a recess. If the surface shape of the bale is uneven,
Problems such as unstable and easy collapse when piled up occur.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to obtain a compact waste volume reducer which is lower in cost than the conventional apparatus as a whole. Another object of the present invention is to obtain a good waste volume reducer with a finished veil of compressed waste having less irregularities.

[0015]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to achieve the above object, the invention of claim 1 is a waste volume reducing machine for binding waste after compressing it, and a hopper means for holding the waste, and the hopper. Compression means for receiving and compressing waste from the means,
A packing means for binding the compressed waste discharged from the compressing means, and a passage member for conveying the waste compressed by the compressing means to the packing means, between the compressing means and the packing means. It is proposed that the passage member includes at least two surfaces, an upper surface portion facing the upper surface of the compressed waste and a lower surface portion facing the lower surface of the compressed waste.

According to a second aspect of the invention, in the waste volume reducer of the first aspect, the compression means has a height adjustable outlet for discharging the compressed waste, and It has been proposed that the upper surface of the passage member can be adjusted according to the height of the outlet.

Further, in the invention of claim 3, in the waste volume reducing machine of claim 1, the compression means has an outlet for discharging the waste in a compressed state, and the passage member is It is proposed that the cross-sectional shape is the same as that of the take-out port and that it includes a tubular member provided from the take-out port to the bundling position of the packing means.

[0018]

According to the invention of claim 1, the waste volume reducer comprises hopper means for holding a large number of wastes such as PET bottles to be reduced in volume, and compression means for receiving and compressing the wastes from the hopper means. A packing means for binding the compressed waste discharged from the compressing means, and a passage member for transporting the waste compressed by the compressing means to the packing means, between the compressing means and the packing means. However, the passage member includes at least two surfaces, that is, an upper surface portion facing the upper surface of the compressed waste and a lower surface portion facing the lower surface of the compressed waste.

That is, wastes such as plastic bottles are introduced into the compression means by a predetermined amount by the hopper means,
Here it is compressed into blocks. After that, the block-shaped waste is discharged by the compression means and bound by the packing means.

At this time, a passage member including at least two surfaces, an upper surface portion facing the upper surface of the compressed waste and a lower surface portion facing the lower surface, is provided between the compression means and the packing means. Therefore, the block-shaped wastes compressed in the compression section are transported to the packing means and bound together with the restoring force in the vertical direction suppressed by the upper surface portion and the lower surface portion of the passage member.

Therefore, since it is not necessary to take into consideration the fact that the waste expands due to the restoring force, it is not necessary to add an extra weight to the waste in the compression means, so that a cylinder smaller than the conventional one is used as the main cylinder. You can Therefore, it is possible to make the waste volume reducer smaller and less expensive than the conventional waste volume reducer.

In addition, since the passage member including at least two surfaces serves to suppress the restoration of the compressed waste, it is not necessary to provide a special holding cylinder, and the cost is small and the size is small. It can be a waste volume reduction machine.

Further, since the compression force of the compressed waste is suppressed by the two surfaces provided opposite to each other, the entire upper surface and the entire lower surface of the compressed waste are suppressed. Since a uniform pressure is applied to the surface of the compressed waste, the surface of the compressed waste has few irregularities and is excellent.

According to the invention of claim 2, in the waste volume reducing machine as described in the invention of claim 1, the compressing means is:
It has a height-adjustable outlet for discharging the compressed waste, and the upper surface of the passage member is adjustable according to the height of the outlet.

Therefore, as described above, in addition to the fact that the surface of the obtained compressed waste has few irregularities and is good, and that the small-sized waste volume reducer can be obtained at low cost, the amount of the compressed waste can be reduced. It is possible to obtain a waste volume reducer capable of freely adjusting the height of the block of the compressed waste according to the shape and shape.

Further, in the invention of claim 3, in the waste volume reducing machine as described in the invention of claim 1, the compressing means is:
The passage member has an outlet for discharging the waste in a compressed state, and the passage member has the same sectional shape as the outlet and is provided from the outlet to the bundling position of the packing means. It is assumed to include the tubular member.

That is, as described above, in addition to the fact that the surface of the obtained compressed waste has few irregularities and is good, and that the small-sized waste volume reducer can be obtained at low cost, a tubular member is used as the passage member. Since the structure is simple and it does not occupy a lot of space, it is possible to make the waste volume reducer smaller than the conventional waste volume reducer equipped with at least two holding cylinders. It is possible.

Further, since the tubular passage member of the waste volume reducer has the same sectional shape as that of the outlet,
The compressed waste is transported to the bundling position of the packing means and bound while the compressed waste remains compressed. Therefore, the compressed waste can be reliably transported in a compressed state, and the surface of the obtained waste has a better surface with less unevenness.

Further, if the width of the tubular passage member of the waste volume reducer is made to match the width of the compressed waste, the restoring force of the compressed waste in the left-right direction can be suppressed, so that the compressed state is maintained. It is possible to obtain a good compression waste by completely maintaining the above, and with little unevenness in the finished shape.

[0030]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIG. 1 is a schematic explanatory view showing one structural example of the present invention. In FIG. 1, a large number of plastic bottles whose volume is to be reduced are held in a hopper 5 which constitutes a hopper portion. The discharge port of the hopper 5 is opened to the compression chamber 1 described later, and the hopper 5 is controlled so as to introduce a predetermined fixed amount of PET bottles into the compression chamber 1.

In the compression section, a compression chamber 1 into which a PET bottle is introduced from a hopper 5 and a reciprocating motion in the vertical direction, the compression chamber 1
Main cylinder 2 for increasing / decreasing the volume of the plastic bottle for compressing the internal plastic bottle, outlet 1a for discharging the plastic bottle compressed by main cylinder 2, and ejecting the compressed PET bottle toward outlet 1a. Extrusion cylinder 3
Are provided.

Therefore, when a certain amount of PET bottle is introduced into the compression chamber 1 from the hopper 5, the main cylinder 2 descends and the pressurizing plate 2a causes the PET bottle to have a thickness that allows it to pass the height of the outlet 1a. Crush.

At this time, among the plastic bottles in the compression chamber 1, which are in a tightly plugged state, the air in the bottle is compressed only and is not easily crushed, and a large pressure is applied to crush it. Therefore, the pressure plate 2a is provided with a perforation mechanism.

This piercing mechanism pierces a waste container, such as a PET bottle, which is in a sealed state by a piercing member such as a needle protruding into the compression chamber 1. As the mechanism, there is a mechanism in which a plurality of needle members are provided on the pressure plate 2a and a PET bottle is bored in the compression chamber 1 every time the main cylinder 2 descends. In the present embodiment, the main cylinder 2 is predetermined. It is constructed so that the waste material is pierced by appearing only when a force larger than the reference pressure is applied.

Specifically, as shown in FIG.
A pressing wall portion 41 that presses the pressure plate 2a on the compression chamber 1 side to press the waste material, and a base 42 that is provided on the main cylinder side and that fixes the compression spring member 42x and the plurality of needle members 42y.
When the main cylinder 2 applies a pressure larger than a predetermined reference pressure, the compression spring member 42x provided on the base 42 bends, and the needle member 42y passes through the pressing wall to the compression chamber 1 side. I am trying to appear.

Therefore, when there is no waste in a sealed state in the compression chamber 1, the pressing force by the main cylinder may be about a predetermined reference pressure, so that the needle member 42y does not appear on the compression chamber 1 side, but the compression is performed. When there is waste in a sealed state in the chamber 1, the pressing force by the main cylinder is greater than a predetermined reference pressure, so that the needle member 42y moves to the compression chamber 1
It will show up on the side and pierce the sealed waste inside. This allows a certain amount of plastic bottles to be compressed into blocks with a relatively small force.

In this way, after the pressure plate 2a crushes the PET bottle to a thickness capable of passing through the height of the outlet 1a, the compressed PET bottle is extruded so as to face the outlet 1a. It will be discharged from the take-out port 1a from the cylinder 3.

The take-out port 1a communicates with the packing section, and the block of compressed PET bottles discharged from the take-out port 1a is conveyed to the binding position 4c of the binding machine 4 for binding the compressed PET bottles. It is made and united. In this embodiment, the tubular passage 6 is provided from the outlet 1a to the binding position 4c of the binding machine 4, and the PET bottle compressed by the tubular passage 6 binds the binding machine 4 together. It is led to position 4c.

That is, the block of the PET bottle in the compressed state is pushed into the tubular passage 6 from the extrusion cylinder 3 and the restoring force in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction is suppressed here, so that the block is bound in the compressed state. Bundling position 4c of machine 4
It will be extruded and bound.

Therefore, when the compressed PET bottle block is transported to the bundling position 4c, no partial pressure is applied to the surface thereof, and the bale shape of the obtained compressed waste is shown in FIG. It becomes a good one with less unevenness.

In this embodiment, the passage member has the same sectional shape as that of the outlet 1a, and the tubular passage 6 extending from the outlet 1a to the binding position of the binding machine 4 is provided. Of course, the same effect can be obtained not only by this shape but also by a structure in which the upper surface 31 and the lower surface 32 as shown in FIG. 3 are fixed by the pillar members 33a to 33i.

In this case, it is also possible to change the fixing position of the upper surface 31 of the pillar members 33a to 33i to change the thickness of the compressed waste obtained depending on the amount and type of the waste to be compressed.

As described above, the waste volume reducer of this embodiment can be obtained because the compressing portion is used to suppress the restoring force of the compressed waste by using the two surfaces provided facing each other. The finished shape of the bale of the compressed waste is also good with few irregularities.

Further, since the cylindrical passage or the passage having the upper and lower surfaces fixed by the pillar member is used as a means for suppressing the restoring force of the waste, not only the construction is simple and the cost is low, but also the entire apparatus is provided. As a result, it becomes a smaller waste volume reduction machine than before.

[0045]

As described above, according to the present invention, since the structure is simple and the waste can be compressed with a small amount of force, it is possible to obtain a compact waste volume reducer at a lower cost than the conventional apparatus as a whole. Also, the finished shape of the veil of the obtained compressed waste can be made good with little unevenness.

Furthermore, the size of the bale of the compressed waste obtained can be changed according to the amount and type of the waste to be compressed by a simple operation of changing the height position of the upper surface.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic explanatory view showing a first embodiment of a waste volume reducing machine of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a compressed waste obtained by the waste volume reducing machine of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is another explanatory view of the passage member used in the waste volume reducer of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a pressure plate with a punching mechanism provided in the waste volume reducing machine of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic explanatory view of a conventional waste volume reducing machine.

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a compressed waste obtained by a conventional waste volume reducing machine.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1, 51 compression chamber 1a, 51a outlet 2, 52 main cylinder 2a pressurizing plate 3, 53 extrusion cylinder 4, 54 binding machine 4c, 54c binding position 5, 55 hopper 6 tubular passage 31 upper surface 32 lower surface 33a to 33i pillar member 41 pressing wall part 42 base 42x compression spring member 42y needle member 54a bale pressing cylinder for bundling 54b gate opening / closing cylinder

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A waste volume reducer for bundling waste material after binding, comprising hopper means for holding the waste material, compression means for receiving and compressing the waste material from the hopper means, and the compression means. The packing member for binding the discharged compressed waste, and a passage member for transporting the waste compressed by the compressing unit to the packing unit between the compressing unit and the packing unit. Includes at least two surfaces, an upper surface portion facing the upper surface of the compressed waste and a lower surface portion facing the lower surface of the compressed waste, the waste volume reducing machine. 2. The compression means has a height-adjustable outlet for discharging the compressed waste, and the passage member has an upper surface corresponding to the height of the outlet. The waste volume reducer according to claim 1, wherein the waste volume reducer is adjustable. 3. The compressing means has an outlet for discharging the waste in a compressed state, and the passage member has the same sectional shape as that of the outlet, and the packing from the outlet. The waste volume reducer according to claim 1, further comprising a tubular member provided up to the binding position of the means.