JPH08298810A - Greening raw material and greening - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To obtain a greening raw material in greening by direct sowing using an airplane in a place difficult to enter, e.g. mountains and provide a greening technique. CONSTITUTION: In this greening raw material, the outer cylinder 2 is constituted of a planting material containing a plant-based raw material and/or a mineral- based raw material as a main component and seeds 3 and/or seedlings, fertilizers and culture medium 5 are packed into the interior or a mycorrhizal fungus 4-containing seeds and/or seedlings infected by mycorrhizal fungus, fertilizers and culture medium 5 are packed thereinto and the outer cylinder 2 is reinforced by pressure molding or a resin and contains a raw material or additive which collapses by water absorption. Setting of planting is carried out by dropping a conical greening raw material from an airplane and embedding the raw material in the ground.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a greening material and a greening method for greening by aerial seeding in places where access is difficult, such as in mountainous areas.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as an actual aviation sowing method, a so-called slurry method of spraying seeds, fertilizer and soil conditioner in a slurry form or a dry method of spraying seeds, fertilizer and bark compost has been generally used. .

[0003] These are effective for greening in the early stage of application, but in a long-term span of 5 years and 10 years, continuous nutrient supply shortage, runoff due to soil erosion, vegetation decline due to insufficient water retention, etc. Is defective.

As a method for improving these, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. Sho 58-1
6603 and Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 58-16604, the seed and the water-absorbing agent or the erosion preventive agent are integrally molded to improve the anticorrosion and the water retention ability, but from the viewpoint of long-term greening. It's hard to say enough.

[0005] Each of these construction methods belongs to the rapid greening construction method, and it is possible to conserve vegetation for several years by temporarily vegetating all areas, but since it is relatively densely planted, it is a nearby native species. Since it is difficult to introduce and settle woody trees, it becomes a simple vegetation, and it cannot be said that it is weak in terms of disaster prevention such as soil erosion.

[0006] As a means for solving the above problems, greening materials are not applied to the entire surface in an averaged manner, but are randomly applied to form a solid greening base, and woody materials are added to the periphery of the base. By introducing them naturally, it is effective to green the areas from the dots to the lines. We have
As a construction method based on this idea, we separately proposed a method of mounting the greening base material in the bag-shaped material of the anticorrosion vegetation sheet and dropping it.

This method is effective for desert areas and bare mountain areas, but it does not reach the ground surface where there are standing trees and partial vegetation, and there is a problem with the adhesion to the ground contact surface. It may occur.

Therefore, as a result of intensive studies to solve all of these problems, the present invention has been completed based on the following concept. It can be applied locally, and in order to improve the adhesion with the ground contact surface, drop a sharp conical tube and sharpen it in the soil. The impact strength is such that it can withstand an altitude of 30 m and it will collapse due to water absorption after dropping. The outer cylinder is, of course, non-polluting, and is an effective material for the vegetation base material. The inner cylinder is loaded with vegetation material for continuous supply of nutrients and water retention. Also, as these powerful assists,
Use ectomycorrhizal roots. Use a material that can be fixed in the inner and outer cylinders even if it is not placed in the soil.

[0009]

[Means for Solving Problems] That is, according to the present invention, an outer cylinder is composed of a vegetation base material containing a plant-based material and / or a mineral-based material as a main component, and seeds and / or seedlings and fertilizers are contained therein. A greening material characterized by containing a material or an additive that is filled with a medium, the outer cylinder is pressure-molded or reinforced with a resin, and disintegrates due to water absorption, or the outer cylinder is a plant-based material and / or a mineral-based material It is composed of a vegetation base material containing as a main component, and is loaded with mycorrhizal fungus-containing seeds and / or mycorrhizal infected seedlings, fertilizer, and medium, and the outer cylinder is reinforced by pressure molding or resin, and collapses due to water absorption. It is a greening material characterized by containing materials or additives, and provides a greening method characterized by dropping the above-mentioned conical material from an aircraft when fixing vegetation.

Next, the construction of the materials will be described in detail. 1 and 2 show a greening material according to the present invention. The materials used for the outer cylinder 2 are mainly minerals such as crushed clay or mudstone as a material that swells with water, or plant residues such as peat moss, bark compost, straws, cereals, and grasses, which are plant-based materials. The component is molded with an adhesive, etc., and a small amount of super absorbent resin is added to it.

The former mineral material has a mechanism of swelling and disintegrating by absorbing water, but since it has a weak impact strength by itself, a reinforcing resin, glass fiber or polymer adhesive may be mixed if necessary. Can be molded. The latter disintegration is due to water swelling of the superabsorbent resin mixed in advance.

As these materials, generally available acrylic and polyacrylic acid swelling materials are used. 10 to 20% by weight of the main material is suitable for addition, and if it is less than this range, sufficient disintegration does not occur, and if it is large, it disintegrates in an environment of high humidity and is not stored. Have difficulty.
In addition, the shape of the outer cylinder is, in order to be dropped and buried in the soil,
A diameter of 80 to 150 mm and a diameter: length = 1: 3 or more are suitable.

Next, materials to be filled inside will be described. The medium 5 is not particularly limited as long as it is a material capable of supplying nutrients as a vegetation base material in terms of physical properties, scientific properties, biological properties and long-term nutrients. For example, organic bark compost, peat moss and inorganic perlite, vermiculite,
Zeolite or the like is appropriately mixed and used.

Next, the fertilizer, which is one component of the medium 5, is
A slow-release fertilizer is desirable to avoid the concentration disturbance of seeds 3 and seedlings. For example, natural products such as coated type and chemically synthesized type chemical fertilizers and oil cakes are preferable.

Next, the mycorrhiza 4 will be described. Generally, endophytic mycorrhiza is applied to herbs and ectomycorrhizal to woody plants.
For example, VA mycorrhizal genus Glomus and Gigaspora are effective for herbs such as Japanese pampas grass, mugwort, and zoysiagrass, and Kotsutake mushrooms, which belong to the abdominal fungus, are effective for woody plants such as black pine and sharinbai. VA mycorrhiza is an endophytic mycorrhiza in which mycelia enter the cells of plants, and plays a role of promoting the growth of plants, imparting pathogenic resistance, retaining water in plants and promoting absorption of phosphate.

On the other hand, ectomycorrhizal fungi such as Kotsutake mushrooms are resistant to drought, and can be inoculated with spores because they are prolific type of spores, and thus can be widely used. The inoculation amount of these spores is usually 10 to 2000, preferably ^{20 to 1} per m ^2.
00 is an appropriate amount. In the case of greening by the Yajiri method in the greening material of the present invention, usually 10
A suitable dose is 500 inoculations, preferably 50-100 inoculations.

As described above, the material is used to fill the outer cylinder and the inside, but in the case of seedlings in order to stabilize the vertical steering of the pickles, leave the petiole part of a certain length as shown in FIG. However, in the case of seeds, it is necessary to attach a string-like material having the same function as the steering material 1 as shown in FIG.

Further, when the internal material is wet or has a high hygroscopicity, it is preferable to apply wax, a water resistant resin or the like in order to prevent the outer cylinder portion from collapsing due to moisture absorption. Less than,
Table 1 below shows a formulation example of the present invention.

[0019]

[Table 1]

[0020]

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION By dropping a conical plant medium composed of the plant material or mineral material of the present invention, greening without environmental pollution can be achieved, and mycorrhizal fungi or mycorrhizal fungi infected beforehand are inoculated. Seedlings can avoid drought stress and nutrient stress, enabling greening for many years.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a conical greening material of the present invention in the case of seedlings.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a conical greening material of the present invention in the case of only seeds.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1. Steering material 2. Outer cylinder 3. Seeds 4. Mycorrhizal fungus 5. Medium (with fertilizer)

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. An outer cylinder is composed of a vegetation base material containing a plant-based material and / or a mineral-based material as a main component, and seeds and / or seedlings, fertilizer, and a medium are loaded therein, and the outer cylinder is pressure-molded. Alternatively, a greening material which is reinforced with a resin and contains a material or an additive which is disintegrated by absorbing water. 2. The outer cylinder is composed of a vegetation base material containing a plant-based material and / or a mineral-based material as a main component, and a mycorrhizal fungus-containing seed and / or a mycorrhizal-infected seedling, a fertilizer, and a medium are loaded therein. A greening material characterized in that the outer cylinder contains a material or an additive that is reinforced by pressure molding or reinforced with a resin and collapses by absorbing water. 3. When vegetation is fixed, the method according to claim 1,
A greening method characterized by dropping the conical material described in 2 from an aircraft.