JPH08293319A - Sealed lead-acid battery - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To prevent the breakage of a battery jar and a lid, and the short-circuit between a positive electrode plate and a negative electrode strap to extend the life of a sealed lead-acid battery by specifying the composition and width and height dimensions of the positive electrode plate consisting of a Pb-Ca-Sn alloy of the lead- acid battery. CONSTITUTION: A positive electrode plate 3 having a positive electrode strap 5 and an electrode pole 6 and a negative electrode plate (not shown) having a negative electrode strap 7 and an electrode pole 8 are arranged within a battery jar 1 having a lid 2 welded thereto through a separator 4. The component composition of the positive electrode plate is set to Ca; 0.05-0.15% by mass, Sn; 0.5-1.5%, and the remainder of Pb. In the above sealed lead-acid battery, the positive electrode plate 3 consisting of the above Pb-Ca-Sn alloy is set so that the width dimension Wp is less than 90% of the inner dimension Wc of the battery jar 1, and the height dimension Hp is less than 88% of the distance Hs from its lower end to the lower end of the negative electrode strap 7. Even when the positive electrode plate 3 is expanded by corrosion, thus, the battery jar 1 or the lid 2 is never broken, and the short-circuit between the positive electrode plate 3 and the negative electrode strap 7 can be prevented.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a sealed lead acid battery using a Pb-Ca-Sn alloy as an anode plate.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Pb-Ca is used as a grid on the anode plate of a lead acid battery.
Compared with the case of using a Pb-Sb alloy, the use of a system alloy has the characteristics of less self-discharge and a smaller charging current at the time of completion of charging, and has the advantage of not requiring rehydration. Widely used in maintenance-free lead-acid batteries. Among such Pb-Ca based alloys, Ca is 0.05 to 0.15 mass% and Sn is 0.5 to
A Pb-Ca-Sn ternary alloy containing 1.5% by mass has excellent strength stability and is generally used for sealed lead-acid batteries. By the way, in the sealed lead-acid battery, the width dimension of the electrode plate is substantially equal to the inner dimension of the battery case, and the height dimension of the electrode plate is set to be slightly smaller than the distance from the lower end of the electrode plate to the lower end of the strap of opposite polarity. I was barely able to afford it.

[0003]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION Problems to be Solved by the Invention
The anode plate using the lattice made of b-Ca-Sn alloy is
It sometimes corroded during use and standing, stretched in the width direction and the height direction, contacted the cathode strap, and short-circuited the battery to reach the end of its life. Further, the electrode plate extending in the height direction pushes up the lid, which may impair the airtightness or destroy the lid. Further, the electrode plate extending in the width direction sometimes pushes and breaks the battery case, causing sulfuric acid to leak and causing an accident such as contamination or damage of surrounding equipment.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to prevent damage to the battery case and the lid and to prevent short circuit between the anode plate and the cathode strap, thereby achieving a long service life. It is to provide a sealed lead acid battery.

[0005]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention comprises 0.05 to 0.15% by mass of Ca,
P consisting of 0.5 to 1.5 mass% Sn and the balance Pb
In the sealed lead-acid battery using a b-Ca-Sn alloy as the anode plate, the anode plate 3 has a width Wp of 90% or less of the inner dimension Wc of the battery case 1 and a height Hp of the electrode plate 3. The distance Hs from the lower end to the lower end of the cathode strap 7 is 88% or less.

[0006]

When the elongation rate of the anode plate in which the Pb-Ca-Sn lattice is filled with the active material is more than 10%, the bones that are continuous in the length and width become shabby and discontinuous until then. Such plates no longer have the power to destroy the battery case or lid. Therefore, if the width and height of the anode plate are set to 90% or less of the inner dimensions of the battery case or lid, the battery case or lid will not be destroyed. Further, since the elongation of the anode plate does not exceed 14% even at the maximum, if the lower end of the cathode strap is arranged at a position which is 1.14 times or more the height dimension of the anode plate from the lower end of the anode plate. In other words, if the height of the anode plate is 88% or less of the distance from the lower end of the electrode plate to the lower end of the cathode strap,
There is no contact between the anode plate and the cathode strap.

[0007]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below. P
When the b-Ca-Sn alloy was used for the anode grid of the sealed lead-acid battery, it was investigated how the elongation of the anode plate changes depending on the Ca and Sn contents. First, the change in the number of years of use and the growth rate when the content rate of Ca was fixed and the content rate of Sn was changed to 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5% was examined. The result is shown in FIG. From FIG. 2, it can be seen that as the Sn content increases, the growth rate in the same number of years decreases. But,
It can be seen that the elongation percentages are the same when all are fully stretched. Table 1 shows the results of investigating the respective elongation rates by changing Ca and Sn at the same time. In addition, the value in Table 1 shows the elongation rate when fully extended.

[0008]

[Table 1]

From Table 1, it can be seen that there is no great difference in the final elongation rate even if Ca and Sn are changed. Next, when observing the state where the anode plate is expanding, when the elongation rate exceeds 10%, it seems that the bone 9 having the continuous bones vertically and horizontally is cut into pieces as shown in FIG. It became the lattice body 10, and it was found that the force of destroying the battery case and the lid was lost even if the elongation rate further increased.

As described above, even if the anode plate extends in the width direction by 10% or more, there is no force to destroy the battery case. Therefore, the width of the anode plate should be set to 90% or less of the inner size of the battery case. If it does not destroy the battery case. Further, since the height of the anode plate does not exceed 114% of the original height, the height of the anode plate is set to 8 times the distance from the lower end of the anode plate to the lower end of the cathode strap.
If it is set to 8% or less, the anode plate will not come into contact with the cathode strap.

Therefore, a sealed lead-acid battery as shown in FIG. 1 was produced. That is, in FIG. 1, 1 is a battery case having an inner dimension Wc, and 2 is a lid, which is adhered or welded to the battery container 1. 3 is an anode plate having a width Wp and a height Hp,
0.1 mass% Ca, 1.0 mass% Sn, and the balance Pb
It is obtained by filling a grid body made of (4) with an anode active material. Four
Is a separator having a size slightly larger than the circumference of the anode plate 3, 5
Is a strap in which a plurality of anode plates 3 are connected, and the lower end is arranged at a position higher than the lower end of the anode plate 3 by Hs. Reference numeral 6 is a pole pillar that is set up on the anode strap 5, and 7 is a strap that connects a plurality of cathode plates (not shown). There is. Reference numeral 8 is a pole pillar set up on the cathode strap 7. Then, Wp = 0.9 Wc, Hp = 0.
It is set to 88 Hs.

The conventional product having the same structure as the product of the present invention except that the product of the present invention of 12 V and 15 AH has the relationship of Wp = 0.95 Wc and Hp = 0.95 Hs.
Individually prepared, each was subjected to a floating charge test, and the occurrence of cracks in the battery case was investigated. FIG. 4 shows the results. In addition,
The test method was an accelerated test by continuous floating charge at an ambient temperature of 50 ° C. and 2.275 V / cell. As shown in FIG. 4, the conventional product cracked in the battery case after 20 months, and the cracked battery in all of the products in 30 months.
No crack occurred in the battery case even after 0 month.

[0013]

As described above, according to the present invention, the following effects can be obtained. (1) Since the anode plate and the cathode strap do not come into contact with each other, a long-life sealed lead acid battery can be provided. (2) Even if the anode plate extends, the battery case and the lid are not destroyed, so that surrounding devices are not damaged and the airtightness of the battery is not impaired.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an embodiment of a sealed lead-acid battery of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a graph showing a relationship between years of use and elongation of the anode plate according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a plan view showing a state at the end of use of the anode plate according to the present invention. .

FIG. 4 is a graph showing the relationship between the floating charging period and the probability of occurrence of battery case cracking in the product of the present invention and the conventional product.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Battery case 3 Anode plate 7 Cathode strap Hp Height of anode plate Hs Distance from lower end of anode plate to lower end of strap Wc Inner size of battery case Wp Width of anode plate

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A Ca content of 0.05 to 0.15 mass%,
In a sealed lead-acid battery using a Pb-Ca-Sn alloy consisting of 0.5 to 1.5 mass% Sn and the balance Pb for the anode plate (3), the anode plate (3) has a width dimension. (Wp)
Is 90% or less of the inner dimension (Wc) of the battery case (1), and the height dimension (Hp) is 88 of the distance (Hs) from the lower end of the electrode plate (3) to the lower end of the cathode strap (7). % Or less, a sealed lead acid battery.