JPH08290115A - Rotary drum-type bag breaking and sorting device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To automatically break even a bag contg. refuse and to sort the refuse by scraping up a refuse bag thrown in the device, dropping the bag into a bag breaker, passing the refuse from the broken bag through a drum sorter, sorting the refuse while successively transferring the refuse and sucking up the bag by a suction duct. CONSTITUTION: A refuse bag is fed from a feed hopper 4, a rotary drum 1 is turned in the specified direction, hence the refuse is transferred to the left, and only the bag in the mixed refuse is scraped up by a scraping claw, detached from the claw at the upper by a detaching member, dropped into the hopper of a bag breaker 7 and delivered to a bag breaking blade 72. The bag torn by the blade 72 is dropped on the bottom of the drum 1 along with the refuse, rolled in the drum and transferred by a transfer blade. The small-sized refuse is dropped into a chute 14 from a hole 11, and the lightweight refuse such as a bag is discharged from a suction duct 5. The refuse not discharged from the hole 11 is sorted by a duckboard sorter 6 and dropped into a chute 65, and the remainder is dropped into a chute 66 from the opening.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a device for separating dust, particularly railway waste, and a rotating drum type bag breaking and sorting device for breaking a garbage bag thrown into a rotating drum and separating the garbage while conveying it. It is about.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art The situation surrounding garbage is changing rapidly, and at present, reusable materials must basically be separated. In order to cope with such a situation, a sorting trash box is installed in the station yard to sort into cans, bottles, and other trash, and a certain effect has been achieved.

[0003]

However, the garbage generated in the train has not been sufficiently separated because of space restrictions. On the train, passengers usually put the garbage in a plastic bag and bind it securely so that it does not scatter. Therefore, in order to separate the garbage, the bag must be manually opened and the cans, bottles, etc. taken out. Further, since the falls are just sorting accuracy for many amount of waste handling, mechanization of waste separation is desired. However, since the normal waste disposal is mainly household waste disposal centered on local governments, the garbage sorting machines currently on the market are for the purpose of household waste disposal. Even if it is used for different railway garbage, it is not currently effective enough.

The present invention is intended to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a rotary drum type bag-breaking / separating apparatus capable of crushing, removing, and separating even dust contained in a bag. And

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION According to the present invention, a charging hopper for charging dust, a plurality of holes on a peripheral wall surface, a plurality of transfer blades and a scraping member on the inner surface of the wall are provided. A rotary drum into which dust is thrown from the hopper, a drum-shaped sorting device connected to the rotary drum, having a plurality of sorting holes on the peripheral wall surface, and having a plurality of transfer blades on the inner surface of the wall, the rotating drum and the drum. A bag breaking device having a guide member and a plurality of bag breaking blades that are supported by a frame that penetrates through the shape sorting device and that is disposed inside the rotating drum, and that guides a dust bag that is scraped up by a scraping member and a rotating drum. From the outside to the outside, and a driving means for rotatably driving the rotary drum through a roller supporting the rotary drum.
Further, according to the present invention, the scraping member provided on the inner surface of the wall of the rotating drum includes a scraping claw provided at a right angle to the rotation axis direction,
It is characterized in that it comprises a detaching member which is rotatably attached to the scraping claw and has a weight at the tip thereof. Further, according to the present invention, the drum-shaped separating device has a double ring structure in which a plurality of rings having a first diameter and a plurality of rings having a second diameter are connected via a plate, and the aperture ratio is 70.
% Or more. Further, the present invention is characterized in that the sorting holes of the drum-shaped sorting device are elongated holes in a direction perpendicular to the rotation axis direction. Further, the present invention is characterized in that the bag breaking device is slidably supported on a rail of a gantry and can be moved to the outside of the drum type sorting device by a sliding means provided at an end of the rail.

[0006]

According to the present invention, the rotary drum having the sorting holes and the drum-shaped sorting device are connected to each other and the transfer blades are respectively provided, the dust scraping claws are provided on the inner surface of the rotary drum, and the bag breaking device is provided in the rotary drum. Once installed, when the garbage bag is loaded, the bag is picked up by the pick-up claws and dropped into the bag breaking device, and the dust that comes out of the bag is transferred sequentially through the rotating drum and drum type sorting device for sorting. Since the bag from which the dust is taken out is sucked out from the suction duct, it is possible to efficiently separate the dust in the bag without manual labor.

[0007]

Embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an overall configuration of a rotary drum type bag breaking and sorting apparatus according to the present invention. In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a rotary drum having openings at both ends provided with sorting holes, such as round holes, which are rotatably supported by four rollers 3 driven by a motor 2. FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining a method of supporting and driving the rotary drum. The rotary drum 1 is supported by rollers 3 at four positions, and the rollers on the same side are attached to one rotary shaft. And one of the rollers on one side
The rotary drum is driven by driving the motor 2 with the motor 2. The upper part is covered with a cover 10.

As shown in FIG. 3, the rotary drum 1 has a large number of holes 11 formed in its peripheral surface, and the transfer blade 1
2. A scraping member 13 is provided, and a chute 14 for dropping dust from the hole 11 is provided below the rotary drum. The transfer blade 12 is for transporting dust introduced into the rotary drum 1 by the rotation of the rotary drum 1, and a plurality of blades are arranged so as to draw a spiral trajectory. The scraping member 13 is arranged on the inner surface of the rotary drum 1 at a predetermined interval, and as shown in FIG. 4, is provided with a scraping claw 13a whose tip is formed at an acute angle and a scissoring claw rotatably by a pin P. And a weight W is provided at the tip of the detaching member 13b. The rotating drum rotates as shown by the arrow in FIG.
When the scraping member 13 reaches the upper part of the rotary drum 1 as shown in FIG.
b rotates about the pin P from the position indicated by the alternate long and short dash line to the position indicated by the solid line, so that the dust bag caught on the scraping claw 13a is reliably removed from the claw and dropped downward.

The lower end of a charging hopper 4 for charging dust into the rotary drum is arranged at one opening of the rotary drum 1, and a suction duct for sucking and discharging light dust from the rotary drum 1. 5 are arranged.

Further, the other opening of the rotary drum 1 is fitted with a drum-shaped slat-shaped sorting device 6 having openings at both ends, and is connected and supported to the rotary drum 1 by welding or the like, and as the rotary drum 1 rotates. It is driven to rotate.

As shown in FIG. 5, the drainboard type sorting apparatus 6 is a double ring type in which a plurality of belt-shaped rings 61 and 62 having different diameters are welded and fixed with a plate 63 interposed therebetween. A rectangular separation hole 64 is formed by 62 and the plate 63 such that the long side thereof is perpendicular to the rotation axis, and the structure has a structure capable of strength even if the aperture ratio is 70% or more. The dust falls through the chute 65 provided below. Although not shown, the sorting device 6 is also provided with a transfer blade similar to the rotary drum 1 to transfer dust (lunches, magazines, etc.) that did not fall through the sorting hole 64 to the end opening of the sorting device. Shoot 6
I am trying to make it to 6.

A so-called trommel sorting device, which sorts dust while transferring it with the rotary drum 1 and the sludge-shaped sorting device 6, is formed and is rotationally driven at about 8 to 9 rpm.

Inside the rotating drum 1, a bag breaking device 7 having a bag breaking blade 72 driven by a motor 75 is arranged, and a pedestal to which a support rail penetrating the slats type sorting device 6 and the rotating drum 1 is attached. Supported by 8. A blowout port (not shown) is provided in a part of the hopper of the bag breaking device 7, and a bellows-like blowout duct 9 which is expandable and contractible is connected to this part.

As shown in FIG. 6, the bag-breaking device 7 has bag-filling blades 7 inserted from hoppers 71 arranged in an alternating manner and driven by a motor 75 through two rotary shafts.
It is cut in two. One or several baffle rods 73 are arranged below the bag-breaking blade 72 so that the bag stays once, and a scraper 74 is arranged so as to remove the bag wound around the blade. In the present embodiment, the bag-breaking blade is a square blade and its size is 320 mm × 320.
mm, the spacing between the rotating shafts is 260 mm, and the spacing between the alternate blades (axial direction) is about 75 mm so that the cans coming out of the bag can easily fall. Of course, these dimensions may be changed as needed. The rotation speed of the square blade is 1500 rpm, 1000 rpm is the same speed on both axes, but 30 to 500 rpm is 30 rpm on one side and 50 on the other side.
It has a speed difference of 0 rpm.

A sliding device 20 is provided on the gantry 8 so that the bag breaking device 7 can be slid and pulled out to the outside. This point will be described with reference to FIG. Figure 7
As shown in (a) and FIG. 7 (b), the bag breaking device 7 slides two rails 21 in which plastic is fitted to the head provided on the gantry 8 by the gripping members 75 at four locations. The rail 23 is provided with rollers 23 at both ends of the rail, to which an endless chain is stretched, and the bag breaking device 7 is attached to the chain. Then, when the handle 22 is operated to rotate the roller 23, the bag breaking device 7 slides on the rail and can be pulled out from the inside of the sorting device, and by rotating the roller in the opposite direction, Can be returned to position. Therefore, at the time of maintenance of the bag breaking device, if the sliding device 20 is used and pulled out, the maintenance work can be performed without entering the sorting device.

Next, the operation of the rotary drum type bag breaking and sorting apparatus will be described. First, a dust bag is loaded from the loading hopper 4. This charging may be carried out by an operator or a carrying device such as a conveyor. When the rotary drum 1 is rotated in a predetermined direction, the dust is transferred to the left in FIG. 1, and only the bag of the mixed dust is hooked on the scraping claw 13a of the scraping member 13 provided on the rotary drum 1. It is scraped upward in the state. When the scraping member 13 reaches the upper portion, the dust bag is detached from the claw by the detaching member 13b, drops into the hopper 71 of the bag breaking device 7, is brought to the position of the bag breaking blade, and is torn by the bag breaking blade. The bag drops to the bottom of the rotary drum 1 along with dust. The broken bag returns to the rotary drum again, and the bag is rolled inside the rotary drum.
The contents in the bag are discharged to the outside and transferred by the transfer blade of the rotary drum 1. Small dust such as glass scraps exits the hole 11 and drops through the chute 14, and is conveyed by a conveyor or the like not shown.

Further, relatively light dust such as a broken dust bag is discharged by the suction action of the suction duct 5. Even if light dust such as a dust bag falls on the hopper 71 of the bag breaking device 7 above the rotary drum, air is blown from the blowout duct 9 through the blowout port of the hopper.
The air blows upward, and the air is sucked into the suction duct 5 and discharged. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the trash bag that has been crushed from entering the bag crushing device, and to perform the crushing bag work smoothly.

Dust such as cans that have not been discharged by the rotary drum 1 is transferred to the drainage type sorting device 6, and the cans that have passed through the sorting hole 64 fall through a chute 65 and are collected by a conveyor or the like.

The dust that has not passed through the sorting hole of the drainboard type sorting device 6 is discharged from the opening of the drainboard type sorting device 6 and falls through the chute 66.

In the above description, the drainage device connected to the rotary drum is described as a drainage type device.
The present invention is not limited to this. FIG. 8 is a view showing an example of a sorting drum connected to a rotary drum. As the sorting drum, a sorting hole having a rectangular shape, an elliptical shape or the like as shown in the drawing can be used. The shape of the separation hole is
8 (a) is parallel to the square hole axis (square hole with long side parallel to axis), FIG. 8 (b) is perpendicular to square hole axis (square hole with long side perpendicular to axis), FIG.
(C) is a 1.0-elliptic axis right angle (an ellipse circumscribing in a state where the 500 ml can is laid sideways, and the long axis is perpendicular to the axis), and FIG. 8 is an ellipse circumscribing in a state where the major axis is parallel to the axis), FIG. 8 (e) is a round hole, and FIG. An ellipse circumscribing a doubled can in a horizontal position, with the major axis parallel to the axis. 8 is an ellipse circumscribing in the state where the is laid sideways, with the long axis perpendicular to the axis.
(H) is a 1.0 W ellipse axis perpendicular to the axis (a slender ellipse circumscribing with the 500 ml can lying down, with the major axis perpendicular to the axis), FIG.
(I) 1.0 W elliptical axis parallel (a slender ellipse circumscribing with the 500 ml can lying down, the major axis parallel to the axis), FIG.
(J) is a drainage type separation hole (the size of the hole is 1.2 times that of a 500 ml can).

These separation drums have an effective length of 1000 m
The results shown in FIG. 9 were obtained when the respective passing rates were obtained using pseudo dust such as cans, magazines / newspapers, lunch boxes, bag dusts, etc. From Fig. 9, the can is almost 9 except for the parallel to the square hole axis.
The pass rate was close to 0%. As for the sorting function, it is necessary that the passing rate is high for cans and low for non-cans. From this point of view, the slanted right angle is the best, and then the 1.0W elliptic right angle. be able to. It is necessary to appropriately select which of the separation holes is used in consideration of the object to be separated.

[0022]

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION In the past, the work of separating the dust contained in the bag has a bad odor, stains on the clothes and the skin, and touches the pile of dust, which may result in an unexpected injury. Although it was an extremely bad condition such as easy work, according to the present invention, such a work is released, and in the manual work, the can buried in the lower part is easily overlooked and the separation rate is low. On the other hand, 90% by using this device
The above classification rate can be expected, and it is possible to break the railway garbage that is difficult at present with a high probability.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an entire configuration of a rotary drum type bag breaking and sorting apparatus.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a support and drive mechanism of a rotary drum.

FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a rotary drum.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a scraping member.

FIG. 5 is a view showing a snowboard type sorting apparatus.

FIG. 6 is a view showing a bag breaking device.

FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a sliding device.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing ten types of sorting drums.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the results of measuring the passing rate by using 10 types of sorting drums.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Rotating drum, 2 ... Motor, 3 ... Roller, 4 ... Input hopper, 5 ... Suction duct, 6 ... Drainage type sorting device, 7 ...
Bag breaking device, 8 ... Stand, 9 ... Blowing duct, 10 ... Cover, 11 ... Separation hole, 12 ... Transfer blade, 13 ... Scraping member, 20 ... Sliding member, 21 ... Rail, 22 ... Handle, 23 ... Roller , 71 ... Hopper, 72 ... Breaking blade, 7
3 ... Juma stick, 74 ... scraper.

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (72) Inventor Ryoyuki Moriyasu 1-6-5 Marunouchi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo Tohnichi Railway Company (72) Inventor Toshio Abe 2281 Yoshino, Tsunoi-gun, Tsunoi-gun, Kanagawa ( 72) Inventor Kiyoyuki Ojima 986-8 Kashimada, Saiwai-ku, Kawasaki City, Kanagawa Prefecture

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A charging hopper for charging dust,
A plurality of holes are provided on the peripheral wall surface, a plurality of transfer blades and a scraping member are provided on the inner surface of the wall, and a rotary drum into which dust is charged from a charging hopper and a rotary drum are connected, and a plurality of sorting members are provided on the peripheral wall surface. With holes provided,
Drum separating device having a plurality of transfer blades formed on the inner surface of the wall, and disposed inside the rotating drum supported by a rotating drum and a pedestal penetrating the drum separating device, and dust scraped up by a scraping member and falling. A bag breaking device having a guide member for guiding the bag and a plurality of bag breaking blades, a suction duct provided from the rotary drum to the outside, and a driving means for rotating the rotary drum through a roller supporting the rotary drum. A rotating drum type bag breaking and sorting device equipped. 2. The device according to claim 1, wherein the scraping member provided on the inner surface of the wall of the rotary drum is rotatable with respect to the scraping claw provided at right angles to the rotation axis direction. A rotary drum type bag breaking and sorting apparatus, which is characterized in that it comprises a detaching member which is attached and has a weight at the tip thereof. 3. The device according to claim 1, wherein the drum-shaped sorting device has a double ring structure in which a plurality of rings of a first diameter and a plurality of rings of a second diameter are connected with a plate interposed. And a rotary drum type bag breaking and sorting apparatus having an opening ratio of 70% or more. 4. The rotary drum type bag breaking and sorting device according to claim 1, wherein the sorting holes of the drum-shaped sorting device are elongated holes in a direction perpendicular to the rotation axis direction. 5. The device according to claim 1, wherein the bag breaking device is slidably supported on a rail of a gantry and can be moved to the outside of the drum type sorting device by a sliding means provided at an end of the rail. A rotary drum type bag breaking and sorting device characterized by being present.