JPH08285540A - Measuring instrument of object dimension - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To measure the external dimensions of an object to be measured with a resolution which is equal to or less than one pitch of the layout pitch of a light emitter, and easily measure dimensions regardless of the size of the object to be measured by increasing the number of light emitters and receivers to be laid out. CONSTITUTION: A light emission part 2 is constituted of a plurality of light emitters 11 which are arranged with a specific pitch P, and further a light emission part 3 is constituted of a plurality of light receivers 12 which are arranged with a same pitch corresponding to each light emitter 11, and the light emission part 2 is constituted to move at right angle to the emission direction within the range of one pitch of the layout pitch of the light emitter 11. A rotary encoder 16 for detecting the amount of travel of the light emission part 2 is provided a measuring instrument is provided with an operation processor 17 for calculating the external dimensions of the object B to be measured by inputting a light reception signal from the light receiver 3, and at the same time detecting the stage change of the light reception signal and inputting a detection signal from a rotary encoder 16.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a dimension measuring method and a dimension measuring apparatus for an object, for example, a production member produced in a rolling facility, a forging facility or the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Usually, a round forged product produced in a forging facility has its outer dimensions measured by an operator using an outer diameter pass. For example, a rolled product rolled in a rolling facility. For such cases, it is dangerous for the operator to directly measure the external dimensions. For this reason, an optical measuring device is used.

Conventionally, as shown in FIG. 3, this measuring apparatus includes a light source 51 for emitting light, and a light projecting lens 52 for converting the light emitted from the light source 51 into sheet-like parallel rays.
The sheet-like parallel light beam is received by the light-receiving lens 53 and the light-receiving device 54 is formed of a CCD element or the like for detecting the light-receiving range.

When the external dimensions of the rolled product 55 having a circular cross section are measured by this measuring device, the projection lens 5 is used.
The rolled product 55 is arranged between the light receiving lens 53 and the light receiving lens 53, and the light-shielding device 54 detects the range shielded by the rolled product 55 to measure the outer dimensions thereof.

[0005]

In the case of a so-called transmission type measuring device using the above-mentioned conventional sheet-like light beam, the width of the sheet-like parallel light beam becomes a measurable width.
There has been a problem that only a relatively small object (for example, a thing of a hundred and a few tens mm) can be measured.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide an object size measuring apparatus which can solve the above problems.

[0007]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the first means of the present invention is to arrange a parallel light beam from a light emitting portion to a light receiving portion side and to arrange the light beam between the light emitting portion and the light receiving portion. A dimension measuring device for measuring the external dimensions of an object, wherein the light emitting section is composed of a plurality of light emitting elements arranged at a predetermined pitch, and the light receiving section has the same pitch corresponding to each of the light emitting elements. A plurality of light receivers arranged in the light emitting unit, and the light emitting unit is at least one of the arrangement pitches of the light emitters.
It is configured to move in the direction perpendicular to the light emission direction within the pitch range, and a movement amount detector for detecting the movement amount of the light emitting unit is provided, and the light reception signal from the light receiver is input and It is an apparatus for measuring a size of an object, which is equipped with an arithmetic processing unit for detecting a state change and inputting a detection signal from the movement amount detector to calculate an outer dimension of an object to be measured.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the second means of the present invention is to irradiate a parallel light beam from the light emitting portion to the light receiving portion side, and to form the outer shape of an object arranged between the light emitting portion and the light receiving portion. A dimension measuring device for measuring a dimension, wherein a light emitting section composed of a plurality of light emitters arranged at a predetermined pitch comprises a first divided light emitting section and a second divided light emitting section,
The light receiving unit is composed of a plurality of light receiving units arranged at the same pitch corresponding to the light emitting units of the respective divided light emitting units, and each of the divided light emitting units is at least one pitch of the arrangement pitch of the light receiving units. It is configured to move in a direction perpendicular to the light emitting direction inside, and a movement amount detector for detecting the movement amount of each divided light emitting unit is provided respectively, and the signal state from each light receiver corresponding to each divided light emitting unit is set. The size of the object equipped with an arithmetic processing unit for inputting and detecting the change of this signal state and inputting the detection signal from each movement amount detector in each of the divided light emitting parts to calculate the outer dimension of the object to be measured. It is a measuring device.

[0009]

In the structure of the first means, the object to be measured is arranged between the light emitting portion and the light receiving portion, and the outer dimensions of the light receiving portion are measured with an accuracy according to a predetermined pitch depending on the number of light receiving devices that receive light. Further, since the light emitter side is moved by the moving body within the range of one pitch of the arrangement pitch of the light emitting device, the end dimension within one pitch of the object to be measured is obtained by the moving amount of the moving body. The external dimensions of the object to be measured can be measured with a resolution of 1 pitch P or less of the arrangement pitch of the light emitters.

Further, in the configuration of the above-mentioned second means,
Since the light emitting section is divided into two and each of the divided light emitting sections is moved independently, accurate dimension measurement can be performed by moving both of the divided light emitting sections at the same time even when the measured object is shaking. be able to.

[0011]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A first embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a light emitting unit 2 which irradiates a plurality of parallel rays A to the light receiving unit 3 side,
It is a size measuring device for measuring the outer size of a circular object to be measured (for example, a rolled product) B arranged between and.

In the dimension measuring device 1, the light emitting section 2
Are arranged by a plurality of light emitters 11 arranged in a row with a predetermined pitch P, and the light receiving portions 3 are also arranged in a row with a predetermined pitch P corresponding to each of the light emitters 11. The light emitting unit 2 is composed of a plurality of (same number as the light emitting devices) light receiving devices 12, and the light emitting unit 2 moves in a direction a at a right angle to the light emitting direction at least within a pitch P of the arrangement pitch of the light emitting devices 11. Is configured to be able to.

That is, the light emitting unit 2 includes a plurality of the light emitters 11 described above, a moving body 13 in which the light emitting units 11 are arranged in a row at a predetermined pitch P, and a screw mechanism 14 for the moving body 13. A drive motor (for example, a stepping motor is used) 15 that is moved in the above-described right-angle direction (hereinafter, referred to as a moving direction) a via a rotation amount of the drive motor 15 (or a rotation amount of a screw rod in the screw mechanism 14).
And a rotary encoder (moving amount detector) 16 for detecting the moving amount of the moving body 13 by detecting the moving amount.

As the light emitted from each of the light emitters 11, the emitted light has a high parallelism and a small spot diameter, specifically, a laser beam is used.
A photodiode, for example, is used as the light receiver 12. Further, the wavelengths of the laser beams emitted from the light emitters 11 adjacent to each other are different from each other.
In, it is possible to distinguish which of the light emitters 11 emits the laser beam among the adjacent ones.

Further, a light reception signal in each light receiver 12,
That is, the light receiving state (ON state), the light blocking state (OFF state), the light receiving state to the light blocking state, and the state change from the light blocking state to the light receiving state are detected, and the detection signal from the rotary encoder 16 is input, The moving amount of the moving body 13 in the light emitting unit 2 is calculated, and the measured object B
An arithmetic processing unit (for example, composed of a computer) 17 for determining the external dimensions of is provided.

The measurement of the external dimensions of the object B to be measured having a circular cross section in the above structure will be described. That is, in the state where the linear light beam (laser beam) A is irradiated from each light emitter 11 of the light emitting unit 2 to each light receiver 12 of the corresponding light receiving unit 3, the light emitting unit 2 and the light receiving unit 3 are Between,
The device under test B is placed.

Then, there are, for example, seven in FIG.
It can be seen that the size is equal to or larger than the distance b (P × 6) where seven light emitters 11 are arranged.

When the end of the object to be measured B is located between the two adjacent light emitters 11, the measurement resolution is 1 pitch P, so that the end of the object to be measured B is accurately measured. The position cannot be detected.

In order to eliminate this drawback, the moving body 13 is moved by the drive motor 15 within the range of at least 1 pitch P. Then, for example, in FIG. 1, when the light beam L ₄ emitted from the fourth light emitter 11a from the top is blocked by one end of the object to be measured B, the detection signal on the light receiver 12a side changes from the on state to the off state. Changes to.

The change in the received light signal from the light receiver 12a is input to the arithmetic processing unit 17, that is, the moving amount of the moving body 13 is determined by the moving time of the moving body 13 and the rotation amount signal from the rotary encoder 16 of the drive motor 15. Is calculated. That is, as shown in FIG. 1, the distance c between the one end position of the device under test B and the original position of the fourth light emitter 11a is obtained.

The other end of the object to be measured B is also
The same measurement as above is performed. That is, in FIG. 1, from the state where the light beam L ₁₁ emitted from the fifth light emitter 11b from the bottom is blocked by the other end of the measured object B,
The light receiving state is transmitted to the light receiving device 12b side, and the light receiving signal from the light receiving device 12B changes from the off state to the on state. When the light beam L ₁₁ comes off the other end portion of the object to be measured B and reaches the light receiving unit 3 side, the light receiving unit 12b corresponding thereto surely receives the light beam. A light diffusion plate (not shown) is arranged on the front surface of the lens 18 placed on the front surface.

The change in the received light signal at the light receiver 12b is input to the arithmetic processing unit 17, where the moving body 13 is moved by the moving time of the moving body 13 and the rotation amount signal from the rotary encoder 16 of the drive motor 15. The quantity is calculated. That is, as shown in FIG. 1, the distance d between the other end position of the device under test B and the original position of the eleventh light emitter 11b is obtained.

When the distances c and d are obtained,
The outer dimension D of the measured object B can be obtained from the following formula. D = (6 + 1) × P−c + d ... In this way, at least the light emitter 11 of the light emitting unit is moved by the moving body 13 within the range of one pitch P of the arrangement pitch, and this movement is performed. At some times, the position of both ends of the object to be measured B can be obtained by detecting the state change of the light reception signal in the light receiver 12 that receives the light beam from the light emitter 11. That is, the external dimensions of the object to be measured B can be measured with a resolution of 1 pitch P or less.

Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In the first embodiment, all the light emitters on the light emitting unit side are arranged on the same moving body, but in the second embodiment, as shown in FIG.
The side is divided into two to provide a first divided light emitting portion 22A and a second divided light emitting portion 22B, and these divided light emitting portions 22 are also provided.
A and 22B are configured to be independently movable.

That is, as shown in FIG.
Two moving bodies 33A and 33B are provided.
In addition, the light emitters 31 are arranged in a row with a predetermined pitch P, respectively.

Each of the moving bodies 33A and 33B has a first
In the same manner as in the first embodiment, the drive motors are configured to be movable in the directions e and f perpendicular to the emission direction of the light beam (laser beam) and close to each other, and through the screw mechanisms 34A and 34B, respectively. The rotary encoders 36A and 36B detect the rotation amounts of the drive motors 35A and 35B, which are driven by the drive motors 35A and 35B (for example, stepping motors are used).

Further, a light reception signal in each light receiver 32,
That is, the light receiving state (ON state), the light shielding state (OFF state), the state change from the light receiving state to the light shielding state, and the state change from the light shielding state to the light receiving state are detected, and the detection signals from the rotary encoders 36A and 36B are input. Then, the moving body 3 in each of the divided light emitting units 22A and 22B is
An arithmetic processing unit (comprising, for example, a computer) 37 for calculating the movement amounts of 3A and 33B and obtaining the outer dimensions of the object to be measured B is provided.

The measurement of the outer dimensions of the object B to be measured having a circular cross section in the above structure will be described. That is, in the state where the linear light beam (laser beam) A is irradiated from each light emitter 31 of each divided light emitting unit 22A, 22B to each light receiver 32 of the corresponding light receiving unit 23, the light emitting unit 2
The device under test B is arranged between the light receiving unit 23 and the light receiving unit 23.

In this case, the part where the light rays are blocked is shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 7, each divided light emitting portion 22A, 22B has seven light emitting portions, and at least a distance b (12 × P) in which twelve light emitting devices 31 are arranged is used for both divided light emitting portions 22A, 22B.
It can be seen that the dimension is larger than the distance Q between the light emitters 31 at the end positions in 22B.

However, as described in the first embodiment, when the end of the object to be measured B is located between the two adjacent light emitters 31, the measurement resolution is 1 pitch P. However, it is not possible to detect the exact position of the end of the measured object B.

Therefore, similar to the first embodiment, the moving bodies 33A and 33B are moved by the drive motors 35A and 35B within a range of at least one pitch P. Then, in FIG. 2, light rays L ₃ and L emitted from the third and third light emitters 31a and 31b from the top.
_{When 13} is blocked by one end of the device under test B, the light receiver 32
The detection signals on the a and 32b sides change from the on state to the off state.

The changes in the light receiving signals from the light receivers 32a and 32b are input to the arithmetic processing unit 37, that is, the moving time of each moving body 33A and 33B and the drive motors 35A and 35.
Based on the rotation amount signals from the B rotary encoders 36A and 36B, the movement amounts of the moving bodies 33A and 33B are calculated. That is, the distances g and h between the respective end positions of the object to be measured B and the original positions of the third light emitter 31a from the top and the third light emitter 31b from the bottom in FIG. 1 are obtained.

When the distances g and h are calculated,
The outer dimension D of the measured object B can be obtained from the following formula. D = 2 × (6 + 1) × P + Q- (g + h) ... In this way, by simultaneously moving the divided light emitting portions 22A and 22B in opposite directions, the light emitters 31A and 3B are generated.
It is possible to measure the dimension within the range of 1 pitch P of the arrangement pitch of 1B. That is, the outer dimensions of the measured object can be measured more accurately.

In this case, since the two divided light emitting portions are moved at the same time, accurate measurement can be performed when the object B to be measured sways in the moving direction of the moving body. For example, when attempting to measure with the dimension measuring device described in the first embodiment, after measuring one end and then measuring the position of the other end, a difference (time lag) occurs in the measurement time of both end positions, Since the measured object B shakes by the amount of this difference, an error may occur, but the second embodiment can eliminate the error in such a case.

In the second embodiment described above, the moving bodies 33A and 33B are described as moving in the directions of approaching each other. Even when the object B is shaking, accurate dimension measurement can be performed.

[0036]

As described above, according to the structure of claim 1 of the present invention, the light emitting portion and the light receiving portion are respectively provided with a plurality of light receiving devices and light receiving devices for emitting the measurement light beams, and further, the light emitting device emits light. The moving side is moved by the moving body within a range of at least one pitch of the arrangement of each light emitting device, and at this time, the movement amount of the moving body is obtained by detecting the state change of the light receiving signal in the light receiving device. Therefore, the external dimensions of the object to be measured can be measured with a resolution of one pitch or less of the arrangement pitch of the light emitters. Further, by increasing the number of light emitters and light receivers provided in the light emitting section and the light receiving section, it is possible to accurately and accurately measure the external dimensions of a large object to be measured.

According to the second aspect of the present invention,
Since the light emitting unit is divided into two and each of the divided light emitting units can be independently moved, by moving both of the divided light emitting units at the same time, even if the object to be measured is shaken, the light emitting unit can be accurately moved. Can be measured.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view showing a schematic configuration of a dimension measuring apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side view showing a schematic configuration of a dimension measuring apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a side view showing a schematic configuration of a conventional dimension measuring device.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Dimension measuring device 2 Light emitting part 3 Light receiving part 11 Light emitting device 12 Light receiving device 13 Moving body 15 Drive motor 16 Rotary encoder 17 Arithmetic processing device 22A First divided light emitting part 22B Second divided light emitting part 23 Light receiving part 31 Light emitting device 32 Light receiving device 33A, 33B moving body 35 drive motor 36 rotary encoder 37 arithmetic processing unit

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (72) Inventor Hideki Endo 5-3-8 Nishikujo, Konohana-ku, Osaka City, Osaka Prefecture Hitachi Shipbuilding Co., Ltd. (72) Haruhiko Yoshida 5-chome, Nishikujo, Konohana-ku, Osaka City, Osaka Prefecture 3-28 Hitachi Shipbuilding Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Goro Yamamoto 5-3-28 Nishikujo, Konohana-ku, Osaka-shi, Osaka Prefecture Hitachi Shipbuilding Co., Ltd. (72) Kenichi Tanaka Nishikujo, Konohana-ku, Osaka-shi, Osaka 5th-328th Hitachi Shipbuilding Co., Ltd.

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A dimension measuring device for irradiating a parallel light ray from a light emitting portion to a light receiving portion side to measure an outer dimension of an object arranged between the light emitting portion and the light receiving portion, wherein the light emitting portion has a predetermined size. In addition to being composed of a plurality of light emitters arranged at a pitch, the light receiving unit is composed of a plurality of light receivers arranged at the same pitch corresponding to each of the light emitters, and at least the light emitting unit is made to emit light. It is configured to move in the direction perpendicular to the light emitting direction within the range of one pitch of the arrangement pitch of the container, and a moving amount detector for detecting the moving amount of the light emitting portion is provided and the light receiving signal from the above light receiving device is input. In addition, the measurement of the size of the object is characterized by including a processing device for detecting the change in the state of the received light signal and inputting the detection signal from the movement amount detector to calculate the outer dimension of the object to be measured. apparatus. 2. A dimension measuring device for irradiating a parallel light ray from a light emitting portion to a light receiving portion side to measure an external dimension of an object arranged between the light emitting portion and the light receiving portion, the dimension measuring device being arranged at a predetermined pitch. The light-emitting portion configured by the plurality of light-emitting devices configured as described above includes the first divided light-emitting portion and the second divided light-emitting portion,
The light receiving unit is composed of a plurality of light receiving units arranged at the same pitch corresponding to the light emitting units of the respective divided light emitting units, and each of the divided light emitting units is at least one pitch of the arrangement pitch of the light receiving units. It is configured to move in a direction perpendicular to the light emitting direction inside, and a movement amount detector for detecting the movement amount of each divided light emitting unit is provided respectively, and the signal state from each light receiver corresponding to each divided light emitting unit is set. It is equipped with an arithmetic processing unit for inputting and detecting a change in this signal state and for inputting a detection signal from each movement amount detector in each of the divided light emitting units to calculate the external dimensions of the object to be measured. Measuring device for objects.