JPH08258044A - Method and apparatus for recovering and granulating waste resin molded product - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To separate and remove a surface layer from the base material layer of a waste resin molded product to recover and reutilize the base layer as a resin material by applying impact, compression and friction force to roughly ground small pieces to be treated to separate and classify the base material layer and the surface layer and screening the base material layer to obtain a recovered resin material. CONSTITUTION: An instrument panel member is ground into segments having a proper size by using a rough grinding means 120 to form small pieces 82 to be treated. The surface layer laminated to the surface of polypropylene of the small pieces 82 to be treated receives the impact compression action by the impact, compression and friction force of a pin mill 130 to be finely ground into an indefinite shape of which one side is about 1.5mm or less. Polypropylene being the base material layer is ground into an almost spherical shape with a diameter of about 1.5-3mm, a columnar shape with a diameter of about 1-2mm and a length of about 3-5mm or other indefinite shape and polished and screened to form a resin material 83 having a uniform size and the surface layer is separated from polypropylene. This polypropylene resin material 83 is taken out of a taking-out port as a recovered resin material by opening a plug valve.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for collecting and granulating waste resin moldings.

More specifically, as an application field of the present invention, a cushion is formed by laminating a surface layer on the surface of a base material layer, or on the surface of a sheet-like base material layer made of a cosmetic or abrasion resistant and weather resistant resin. After treating various kinds of waste resin molded products such as vehicle interior and exterior parts laminated with a surface layer made of resin foam with excellent properties, crushing these waste resin molded products into multiple pieces, A method of separating and removing the surface layer from each small piece, recovering the base material layer as a materialized resin material, and granulating. In addition, if necessary, the materialized resin material is also sized and recovered / granulated as a resin material by a sized product within a predetermined particle size range, so as to be collected / granulated. A method in which the resin material is used as it is and molded into another resin molded product, or molded into pellets for reuse.
In addition, the present invention also relates to a method for separating the surface layer from each of the small pieces, and collecting the surface layer as a materialized resin material, and an apparatus for carrying out these methods, if necessary.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION In general, resin molded products formed by molding various resin materials such as natural resins or synthetic resins are used for interior and exterior parts of automobiles, household electric appliances, and diversification of life. Along with this, it has been used in a large number of types for a wide range of purposes such as interior decoration of buildings and daily necessities, but nowadays, various problems such as the following are encountered with regard to post-use treatment in this type of resin molded product. Has been raised.

Most of the resin materials constituting the resin molded product have excellent water resistance and weather resistance and are resistant to decay, but, for example, they are incinerated by an incinerator for disposal. In this case, it is well known that a large amount of harmful gas or smoke is generated, which is not preferable in the social environment. In addition, there is a disadvantage that the resin material melted during incineration may adhere to the inside of the furnace and damage the furnace itself. Therefore, even if the waste resin molded product is buried in the ground in order to avoid this disadvantage, it remains undecomposed for a long period of time, which is considered to be a cause of environmental damage.

On the other hand, with respect to this type of resin material, there is a tendency toward depletion in terms of resources year by year, and it has been requested and recognized that the resin material after use should be reused without being discarded. In addition, it has been attempted to collect waste resin molded products by displaying the type of resin material used and the like to facilitate collection.

As an example, about 75% of the weight of an automobile
The materials are recycled, but most of them are metallic materials, and the remaining about 25% is discarded as dust, of which about 30% by weight of plastic is contained.

[0007] Here, the waste resin molded product to be recovered for the above-mentioned reuse is usually used for cosmetic or cushioning, on the surface of the plastic base material layer. In many cases, a plastic surface layer for protection that further enhances abrasion resistance and weather resistance is laminated. In addition, the surface of a molding member (the molding member is made of various materials such as resin, metal, or wood) that serves as a core material in various resin products is covered to make up for makeup, cushioning, or durability. There is a sheet-shaped resin molded product for protection that further enhances abrasion resistance, weather resistance, etc., and this sheet-shaped resin molded product is a sheet-shaped base material layer made of a cosmetic or abrasion-resistant and weather-resistant resin. A surface layer of a resin foam laminated on the surface of is often used for the same reason as in the previous example.

For example, in various vehicle interior / exterior parts, thicknesses 1 to 2 formed of polypropylene resin are used.
A surface layer consisting of two layers of urethane foam having a thickness of about 3 to 6 mm and vinyl chloride having a thickness of about 0.5 to 1 mm is laminated on the surface of a base material layer having a thickness of about mm through an adhesive layer. is there.
As this type of resin molded product, in various vehicles,
A molded article that forms an instrument panel (herein, simply,
Other than "instrument panel members", there are dashboards, console boxes, etc.

Further, in various sheet-like resin molded articles as interior and exterior parts for vehicles, the sheet-like base material layer made of vinyl chloride having a thickness of about 0.5 to 1.5 mm has a thickness of 0. There is also one in which a surface layer made of a urethane foam having a thickness of about 4 to 15 mm is laminated via an adhesive layer. This type of sheet-shaped resin molded product covers the surface of a molded member that is a core material of various products and uses a fastener such as a laminate or tack or a screw on the surface of the molded member through an adhesive or an adhesive. It is used by fixing it, such as floor sheet material, seat sheet material, door lining sheet material, armrest skin material,
Used for headrest skin materials. In general, in the case of a sheet-shaped resin molded product, the surface layer made of a resin foam is placed inside and the sheet-shaped base material layer is placed outside to cover the surface of the molded member that is the core material of various products. Further, regarding the surface layer and the base material layer of a resin molded product such as an instrument panel member, when the surface layer is formed by using a resin material having a different type and characteristics from the base material layer, and the same as the above, different colors are used. It is generally formed by using a resin material. Similarly, not only for interior and exterior parts for vehicles, but also for the surface layer composed of the sheet-shaped base material layer and the resin foam of a sheet-shaped resin molded product such as wallpaper, the resin foam is In general, the resin materials having different types and characteristics and different colors are used. Therefore, when reused in such a state that resin materials having different types and characteristics and different colors are mixed together, the resin molded product obtained by this reuse has mechanical properties such as impact strength. Results in that the desired surface smoothness and color cannot be obtained.

[0010]

2. Description of the Related Art From the above point of view, conventionally, with respect to a waste resin molded product to be recovered, it is usual to classify the waste resin molded products into resin materials having the same type and the same characteristics, and then recover and recycle them. It is being used.

As a conventional means, known mechanical separation by shot blasting, separation means, and further crushing means such as a ball mill have been proposed.

[0012]

However, since the surface layer of a waste resin molded product such as an instrument panel member is often laminated on the surface of the base material layer with a strong adhesive force, it cannot be easily peeled off. The mechanical peeling by the shot blasting, and various unfavorable obstacles such as low processing capacity in the separating means are likely to occur, and it is difficult to adapt. Further, for example, even if a crushing means such as a ball mill is used to separate and separate the base material layer and the surface layer, the surface layer and the base material layer are partially melted by the frictional heat generated during the crushing, and the surface cannot be separated. There is a drawback that Also in the sheet-shaped resin molded product, it was not easy to separate and separate the resin foam from the sheet-shaped base material layer of the sheet-shaped resin molded product for the same reason as the waste resin molded product such as the above instrument panel member. .

[Purpose] The present invention was developed to solve the above problems, and it is possible to remove a surface layer from a base material layer of a waste resin molded product to be treated by a relatively simple and easy means. After being separated and removed, the base material layer can be efficiently collected and granulated as a materialized resin material so that it can be reused, and, if necessary, together with the base material layer to the surface layer. An object of the present invention is to provide a method for separating the surface layer and recovering the surface layer as a materialized resin material, and an apparatus for carrying out these methods.

[0014]

In order to achieve the above object, in the method for recovering and granulating waste resin moldings of the present invention, a plurality of waste resin moldings having a surface layer laminated on the surface of a base material layer are used. A crushing step of roughly crushing into each small piece to be treated, with respect to the individual small pieces to be roughly crushed, an impact compression grinding force is added and crushed to separate the base material layer and the surface layer, Classify,
Separation of the collected resin material by sizing the base material layer
It is a method including at least a classifying and sizing step, and
The method may include at least a crushing step of crushing the waste resin molded product into a plurality of crushed pieces prior to the coarse crushing step.

Further, impact compression grinding force is applied to each of the coarsely crushed pieces to be pulverized to separate the base material layer and the surface layer, and the base material layer is sized to be a raw material. It is possible to repeat the separation, classification, and sizing steps for the recovered resin material a plurality of times.

[0016] Further, it is a method including at least the above-mentioned coarse crushing step, the separation / classification / particle sizing step, and the step of removing the separated surface layer from time to time, and the above-mentioned coarse crushing step, It is also possible to adopt a method that includes at least the steps of separating, classifying, and sizing the base material layer to obtain a materialized recovered resin material, and the surface layer to be a materialized recovered resin material.

Further, the base material layer is a sheet-shaped base material layer as a waste resin molded product, and the surface layer is a resin foam on the surface of the sheet-shaped base material layer, and the surface layer is laminated. The waste resin molded product is formed by laminating a surface layer made of another resin material on the surface of a base material layer, and the waste resin molded product is made of a resin material having two or more surface layers. Can be processed.

The base layer of the waste resin molded product is made of any one of polypropylene, ABS resin, polyethylene, polycarbonate and vinyl chloride, and the surface layer of the waste resin molded product is a resin foam. One layer of
Or comprise two or more layers of the resin material of the resin foam and another resin material and the resin foam is a urethane foam constituting the surface layer of the waste resin molded article, polyps propylene foam, polyethylene foam, PVC A foam made of any one resin foam can be treated.

In the waste resin molded product collecting / granulating apparatus of the present invention, a crushing means for roughly crushing the waste resin molded product into a plurality of pieces to be treated, and a supply / injection port of the pieces to be treated. It is on a fixed disk that communicates with the center part on the fixed side, and fixed side separation / classification / size control means in which each fixed pin is sequentially planted on a plurality of rotation loci, and it is possible to rotate and drive it facing the fixed disk. On the movable disk provided, the movable side separation / classification / size regulating means in which the movable pins are sequentially planted on a plurality of rotation loci different from the fixed pins, and the fixed pins and the movable pins are combined. In the outer peripheral portion, there are provided a classifying means communicating with an outlet for discharging the separated base material layer or surface layer, and an ejecting means for ejecting the recovered resin material having a desired particle size or more to the outlet, and each fixing Impact compression wear between the pin and each movable pin It comprises a separating, classifying and sizing means configured so as to impact, compress and crush each piece to be processed by force to separate and classify the base material layer and the surface layer and to size the base material layer. Is characterized by. Furthermore, in addition to the above configuration,
A crushing means for first crushing a waste resin molded product into a plurality of crushed pieces is added.

The separating / classifying / sizing means can be communicated with the take-out port part and the supply / injection part, and the separation / classifying / sizing process can be repeated a plurality of times by this means. it can.

[0021]

[Function] The waste resin molded product is roughly crushed into a plurality of small pieces to be treated by the crushing means, and then the plurality of small pieces to be treated are once or plural times separated / classified / granulated and supplied into the inlet. By being supplied from the part, each small piece to be treated is crushed by the impact compression force between each fixed pin and each movable pin by the impact compression grinding force, and the surface layer is separated from the base material layer and separated. The base material layer is granulated, polished and sized. On the other hand, a surface layer having a desired particle size or less and a part of the base material layer can be arbitrarily classified from the sized base material layer and discharged to an outlet, and a base material layer sized to a desired particle size or more can be used. It can be taken out from the take-out port as the recovered resin material.

In the case where the waste resin molded product is a sheet-shaped resin molded product obtained by laminating a surface layer made of a resin foam on the surface of a sheet-shaped substrate layer made of resin, from the sheet-shaped substrate layer of each small piece to be treated, Even if the resin foam is separated and the sheet-like base material layer and a part of the sheet-shaped base material layer having a particle size equal to or smaller than a desired particle size to be taken out to the taking-out port are arbitrarily sorted and discharged to the discharging port,
The resin material having a desired particle size or more may be a mixture of the sheet-shaped base material layer and the resin foam. However, since the sheet-shaped base material layer and the resin foam are simply mixed with each other in this mixture, the sheet-shaped base material layer and the resin foam are easily mixed by using another classifying device. Can be classified into

If the surface layer of the waste resin molded product is made of a resin foam or a resin material having two or more layers of the resin foam and another resin material, the waste resin molded product is crushed by impact compression grinding force. -When granulating, polishing and sizing, the resin foam makes it easier to separate the surface layer from the base material layer.

[0024]

EXAMPLE An example of a method and apparatus for collecting and granulating a waste resin molded product will be described with reference to the drawings.

(Target Waste Resin Molded Product) The target waste resin molded product of the present embodiment is an instrument panel member used in various vehicles, and this instrument panel member is the surface of a base material layer formed of polypropylene resin and having a thickness of 2 mm. A surface layer composed of two layers of a urethane foam having a thickness of 5 mm and a vinyl chloride having a thickness of 0.5 mm is laminated on the upper side with an adhesive layer interposed therebetween. That is, the base material layer of the polypropylene resin is a member molded into a desired shape and serves as a core material of the instrument panel member, and a urethane foam for further enhancing cushioning property is laminated on the surface of the polypropylene resin. The surface of the urethane foam is laminated with vinyl chloride for cosmetic purposes or for protection for enhancing wear resistance and weather resistance through a urethane thermosetting resin.

The method and means for separating the surface layer from the base material layer of the instrument panel member to recover the resin material of the base material layer will be described below.

The method of recovering the resin material of the base material layer basically comprises, as shown in FIG. 1, a [coarse crushing step] and a [separation / classification / grading step].

Step 1 [Crushing Step] The instrument panel member 81 is cut into pieces of an appropriate size by using a crushing means as shown in FIG. 1, or is crushed in a broad sense, and is, for example, rectangular or square. In addition, a small piece 82 to be processed having an irregular shape and a side of about 5 mm or less is formed.

[Crushing Means] The crushing means is an instrument panel member 81.
Is cut and coarsely crushed to form a small piece 82 to be treated. In the present embodiment, a "cutter mill" is used for convenience.
Say.

FIG. 3 shows a cutter mill 1 which is an example of a coarse crushing means.
20 is shown.

Reference numeral 121 denotes a cutter mill main body, which is a cylindrical casing having an upper surface opening, and the opening is covered with a lid 122 which can be opened and closed. The lid 122 is provided with a charging port 123 for charging the instrument panel member 81, which is a material to be crushed, in the cutter mill body 121.

In addition, a cutter support body 124 which is supported on the bottom surface of the cutter mill body 121 and rotates horizontally by a rotation driving means (not shown) is provided in the cutter mill body 121, and the cutter support body 124 has a vertical direction on the outer periphery thereof. 3 long rotary blades 125 are provided in the same direction. These three rotary blades 125 are arranged so as to form an equal angle of 120 degrees in the rotation direction of the cutter support 124, and the blade tips of the three rotary blades 125 are the same. It is located on the rotation locus of. Furthermore, the three rotary blades 1
The second fixed blade 126 is fixed to the cutter mill body 121 at a position substantially symmetrical to the rotation locus of the blade tip of the rotary blade 125 via a slight gap with respect to the rotation locus of the blade tip of 25.
The inside of the cutter mill main body 121 is divided into two by 6 and the cutter support 124 and the rotary blade 125 to form a charging chamber 127 and a crushing chamber 128. The charging port 123 of the lid 122 is the charging chamber 1
Connect to 27. The second fixed blade 126 and the rotary blade 12
For clearance with 5, cut the crushed material to the desired size,
Or, in a broad sense, it can be adjusted freely so that it can be crushed. The clearance in this embodiment is 0.2 to 0.3 mm. Further, the crushing chamber 128 includes a rotary blade 1 between the two fixed blades 126.
The mesh screen 129 is partitioned so as to surround the circumference of the rotation trajectory of 25. The screen 129 is
In this embodiment, the small piece 82 to be processed has a side of about 5 mm.
It is made of a mesh that can pass through. Also, the crushing chamber 1
A discharge port for discharging the small piece 82 to be processed is provided at the lower end of the cutter mill body 121 of No. 28.

In the above cutter mill 120, the lid 12
When the instrument panel member 81 is inserted through the second inlet 123 and the cutter support member 124 is rotated by the rotation driving means (not shown), the instrument panel member 81 is rotated by the rotary blade 1 of the cutter support member 124.
25 through the screen 129 between the fixed blade 126 and the shape,
Although the area is indefinite, almost the entire amount is formed in a rectangular or square or indefinite rectangular small piece 82 to be processed having a side of about 2 to 5 mm or less and is discharged from the discharge port to the next step. .

Each of the small pieces 82 to be processed has a surface layer laminated on the surface of the base material layer in whole or in part. That is, polypropylene, urethane foam, and vinyl chloride, polypropylene and urethane foam (vinyl chloride separated, or urethane foam part and vinyl chloride separated), or polypropylene It is crushed in various states such as the one having an adhesive layer remaining on the surface, and basically each small piece 82 to be treated is in a state where the surface layer is not separated from the base material layer.

The coarse crushing means is not limited to the above-mentioned cutter mill. For example, like a hard crusher manufactured by Horai Co., Ltd., the rotary shaft of the rotary blade 125 is provided in the horizontal direction and the second fixed blade is used. In some cases, a screen 129 between 126 is provided at the bottom.

Step 2 [Separation / Classification / Sizing Step] In this [separation / classification / sizing step], each small piece 82 to be treated is roughly crushed by the crushing means in the above-mentioned [crushing step]. Then, using the [separation / classification / particle sizing means] described later, crushing is performed by applying an impact compression / grinding force to give impact and compression action, and pulverize the polypropylene as the base material layer from each of the small pieces 82 to be treated. Is approximately spherical with a diameter of about 1.5 to 3 mm, or a cylindrical shape with a diameter of 1 to 2 mm and a length of about 3 to 5 mm, or any other irregular size. At the same time, the small pieces 82 to be treated are impacted and compressed by the impact compression grinding force and crushed to separate the urethane foam, vinyl chloride and adhesive layer forming the surface layer of the small pieces 82 to be treated from polypropylene. In addition, the finely pulverized surface layer and the sized polypropylene are classified, and polypropylene is recovered as a recovered resin material from the instrument panel member 81 of the waste resin molded product.

The above steps can be repeated as many times as necessary.

[Separation / Sorting / Sizing] Means for separation / sizing / sizing is referred to as “pin mill” for convenience in the present embodiment.

4 and 5, the pin mill 130
Has a supply opening 132 through which each of the small pieces 82 to be processed is inserted in the central portion of the fixed disk 131.
The fixed end plate 133 is opposed to 31 with a crushing and sizing space 155 therebetween, and each outer peripheral edge of the fixed end plate 133 is fixed to the fixed disk 131 by a peripheral side plate 135. The crushed
A movable disk 141, which is rotationally driven by a rotary horizontal shaft 142, is provided in the sizing space 155, and the rotary horizontal shaft 142 is pivotally supported by bearings 143, 143. The rotation horizontal shaft 142 is driven to rotate by a rotation driving means such as a motor (not shown).

Then, on the fixed disk 131, fixed pins 134 are sequentially planted on a plurality of concentric circles (relative to the movable disk 141) on a rotational locus a (FIG. 5), while On the movable disk 141, movable pins 144 that alternately enter on a plurality of rotation loci b different from the fixed pins 134 are sequentially planted, and the fixed and movable pins 134 and 144 are mutually interlocked. A clearance is provided between the pins 134 and 144 so that impact, compression, crushing, and sizing action can be obtained by the impact compression grinding force. Further, a screen 151 of a predetermined mesh, which is formed by punching fine holes having a desired diameter, is provided around the outer peripheral side of the movable disk 141 and the peripheral side plate 135. The screen 151 is provided below the discharge space 156. A discharge port 152 is provided. The discharge port 152 has a pin mill 1 as shown in FIG.
The blower 157 is connected to 30. In this embodiment, the screen 151 is a mesh having a diameter of 1.5 mm, but the diameter is usually 1.5 mm or less, preferably 1 mm or less,
More preferably, the mesh has a diameter of 0.7 mm.

Further, an outlet 153 is provided in the lower part of the screen 151 of the crushing and sizing space 155, and the outlet 153 is provided with a plug valve 154 for opening / closing control. In addition, as shown in FIG.
A blower 158 for sucking the air in 0 is communicated, and the blower 158 communicates with the supply inlet 132.

Therefore, in the above-described pin mill 130, when the rotating horizontal shaft 142 is rotated by the rotation driving means (not shown) to rotate the movable disk 141 and each small piece 82 to be processed is supplied to the supply inlet 132, each processing piece is processed. The small piece 82 is located at the center of the crushing and sizing space 155 and has a fixed and movable pin 13.
4, 144 will be subjected to impact, compression, crushing or polishing, particle size adjusting action and centrifugal action together due to the impact compression grinding force, and while being diffused in the outer peripheral direction, the movable pin 144 of the outer peripheral part will be dispersed. Since the peripheral speed increases as the number of rows increases, the peripheral particles are crushed by the impact and compression action of the larger impact compression grinding force. In this process, each processed piece 8
The surface layer laminated on the surface of polypropylene of No. 2 is finely crushed into irregular shapes with a side of 1.5 mm or less, while the polypropylene as the base material layer has a diameter of 1.5 to 3 mm.
Approximately spherical or cylindrical with a diameter of 1 to 2 mm and a length of 3 to 5 mm, or crushed, ground or sized to another irregular size to form the sized resin material 83, and the surface layer is polypropylene. Separate from. In addition, a part of the base material layer in the small piece 82 to be treated may be a fine powder finely pulverized into an irregular size having a side of 1.5 mm or less. In some cases, the surface layer cannot be separated from the base material layer by only one pin mill treatment step, and the surface layer including the adhesive layer may remain on the surface of the base material layer. Further, the surface layer separated from the base material layer may include a surface layer having a size that does not pass through the screen 151.

Part of the finely pulverized surface layer and base material layer are
After passing through the screen 151 by the centrifugal action of each movable pin 144 and classified into the discharge space 156, the discharge port 1
52 is sucked and discharged to the outside through the blower 157 (FIG. 1).

On the other hand, the size-regulated polypropylene sizing resin material 83 and the surface layer having a size that does not pass through the screen 151 remain in the screen 151, but the plug valve 154 is opened and the supply port 153 and supply are supplied. Mouth 1
32 and 32 are communicated with each other through the blower 158, the sizing resin material 83 of polypropylene and the surface layer whose one side is larger than 1.5 mm are recirculated to the supply inlet 132. The refluxed sized resin material 83 and the surface layer are again subjected to impact compression grinding force in the pin mill 130 to be crushed or ground and sized, and the surface layer remaining on the surface of the base material layer is pulverized. The surface layer which has been separated from the base material layer and refluxed is finely pulverized so that it can pass through the screen 151, and is discharged to the outside from the discharge port 152 as described above. However, although the polypropylene sizing resin material 83 is refluxed,
Most of the particles remain in the screen 151 without being pulverized to such a degree that they pass through the screen 151. Separation of the above
The classifying and sizing process can be repeated a plurality of times if necessary.

The polypropylene sized resin material 83 obtained as described above is taken out as a recovered resin material from the outlet 153 by opening the plug valve 154. As the take-out means, the recovered resin material can be scraped out from the take-out port 153, or a branch pipe having a take-out port is provided by branching the communication pipe to the blower 158 (FIG. 1) and the supply input port 132, An electromagnetic valve that opens and closes the outlet of this branch pipe and an electromagnetic valve that opens and closes the downstream side of the communication pipe are provided, and these two electromagnetic valves are alternately opened and closed, and the downstream side of the communication pipe is an electromagnetic valve. It is also possible to block with and open the outlet of the branch pipe, and suck the sized resin material left in the screen 151 by the blower 158 to collect it from the outlet of the branch pipe. Alternatively, a three-way solenoid valve is provided on each of the branch pipes, the downstream side of the communication pipe is closed by a solenoid valve, and the outlet of the branch pipe is opened, and further, the discharge port 152.
Also, the sized resin material left in the screen 151 by the blower 158 can be sucked and collected from the outlet of the branch pipe. When the sized resin material 83 is collected by the blower 158 by providing the branch pipe as described above, the pulverized surface layer and a part of the polypropylene powder are discharged to the outside.

As an alternative to the blower 158,
Alternatively, along with this, compressed air is sent into the crushing and sizing space 155 of the pin mill 130 to fix the fixed end plate 133.
A surface layer having a size that cannot pass through the screen 151 or a sizing resin material 83 of polypropylene may be refluxed to a supply / injection port that communicates through a pipe from the hole formed in the.

As an example, the pin mill 13 having the above-mentioned structure
Using the No. 0 experimental machine, 5 kg of each small piece 82 to be processed was put into this pin mill 130, and the movable disk 141 was moved to 40H.
When rotated at a rotation speed of z, 800 rpm, the diameter of 1.5 to 3 is about 82 wt% of the total weight of each piece 82 to be processed in 2 minutes.
mm approximately spherical or 1-2 mm in diameter and 3-5 mm in length
A screen made of punched metal with a diameter of 1.5 mm is recovered as a sized resin material 83 which is granulated, polished and sized to an irregular shape or other rounded shape. These were the crushed waste of the surface layer and the crushed powder of polypropylene of the base material layer, which were separated through the above. Thus, a large amount of sized polypropylene could be recovered from the waste resin molded product in a short time. In addition, in order to improve the processing capability of the pin mill 130, the pin mill 130 may be upsized.

When the rotating speed of the movable disk 141 is set to be low, polypropylene, which is the main resin of the waste resin molded product of each small piece 82 to be processed, is prevented from being excessively finely ground and sized. be able to. Further, when the small particles 82 to be treated having the surface layer remaining on the base material layer are mixed in the sized resin material 83, the sized resin material 83 remaining in the screen 151 is removed from the outlet 153. Blower 1
By refluxing to the supply inlet 132 via 58, the surface layer of each small piece 82 to be treated is again crushed and pulverized by the impact compression grinding force and further pulverized to be separated from the base material layer, and at the same time polypropylene is also slightly Is subjected to crushing and polishing, the rotating speed of the movable disc 141 is such that polypropylene is polished to a size larger than the mesh of the screen 151,
It is better to make the speed as low as possible within the range where the particle size can be adjusted. For example, the rotation speed of the movable disk 141 can be set to 400 to 500 rpm.

In the above-mentioned embodiments, polypropylene is mainly used as the base material layer, but other resin materials such as ABS resin, polyethylene, polycarbonate, vinyl chloride, polystyrene and urethane are also used. And can be recovered as a sized resin material.

The recovered resin material obtained by the present invention can be directly charged into a molding machine such as an extruder to be molded into another molded article, or can be molded into pellets in the form of a molding resin material. Further, it can be used as a raw material of a wood synthetic board to be extruded by further kneading and kneading with wood powder.

Further, the resin material in which the surface layer and a part of the base material layer which have been finely pulverized and discharged as described above are mixed can be used as a recovered resin material which is made into a raw material without being discarded.
For example, it can be used by being mixed with other resin materials as a part of raw materials for molding various resin molded products.

In addition to the above-mentioned waste resin molded product recovery processing method, depending on the shape and size of the waste resin molded product as shown in FIG. The "crusher" shown (for convenience in this specification, referred to as "crusher") can be used to perform a crushing step of crushing the instrument panel member to form crushed pieces of an appropriate size,
Alternatively, the steps of the "cutter mill" and the steps of the "crusher" may be reversed in order to perform coarse crushing. Alternatively, it is also possible to omit the step performed by the "cutter mill" and coarsely crush it by the "crusher".

The "crusher" is a crushing means such as various mono cutters, shredders, crushers such as Gainax crusher manufactured by Horai Co., Ltd. or roll crusher manufactured by Nara Machinery Co., Ltd. As shown, in the crusher main body having an inlet for the material to be crushed, as shown in FIG. 2, two axes that rotate inwardly are provided in parallel, and a plurality of rotary blades are provided at predetermined intervals on each axis. , The three claw blades that mesh with each other on the outer circumference of each rotary blade of the shaft and project so as to form an equal angle on the outer peripheral surface of each rotary blade make the collected crushed material into crushed pieces of appropriately large fragments. Disconnect. When the instrument panel member is loaded from the upper loading port, the instrument panel member is drawn inward by the claw blades of the two-axis rotary blades that rotate inwardly toward each other, and is continuous between the outer peripheral edges of the rotary blades that rotate in a meshed state. While being slit by the shearing force that acts on the crushed pieces, the crushed pieces are crushed and cut by the compressive force that acts when retracted to form crushed pieces. The crushed pieces are discharged from a discharge port provided below the biaxial rotary blade.

Even when the above-mentioned [separation / classification / particle sizing step] is carried out, the particle-sizing resin material 83 retained in the screen 151 still has an adhesive on the surface of the polypropylene of the base material layer. When the layer remains, the sizing resin material 83 can be subjected to [separation / classification / sizing step] with another pin mill 130a as shown in FIG. In this case, the clearance between the fixed pin 134 and the movable pin 144 of the pin mill 130a and the mesh of the screen 151 are preferably smaller than those of the pin mill 130 used in the previous step. As a result, the pin mill 130 of the previous step
The sized resin material 83 extracted from the pin mill 130 is
The adhesive layer remaining on the surface of the polypropylene is peeled from the polypropylene after being ground and sized by the impact compression grinding force in a, and is finely pulverized. The finely pulverized adhesive layer is removed from the pin mill 130a. It is sucked and discharged to the outside through the blower 157a. On the other hand, the polished and sized polypropylene sized resin material 83a is used for the pin mill 13 in the previous step.
Although it is smaller than the size of the sized resin material 83 of 0, since the mesh of the screen is smaller than the screen 151 of the pin mill 130 used in the previous step, the sized resin material 83a remains in the screen and The granular resin material 83a is scraped out from the outlet as the recovered resin material,
Alternatively, it is sucked out by the blower 158a and taken out.

Further, in addition to the above-mentioned pin mills 130 and 130a, other pin mills may be further provided, and the [separation / classification / particle sizing step] can be repeated successively with these plural pin mills. The clearance between 134 and the movable pin 144 and the mesh of the screen 151 can be reduced stepwise in each step. For example, the screen mesh can be 1.5 mm, 1 mm, and 0.7 mm, respectively, in the order of steps.

Table 1 below shows the physical properties of only the polypropylene recovered in the above-mentioned examples.

[0057]

[Table 1]

(Other Target Waste Resin Molded Products) Sheet-like resin molded products applied to various vehicles will be described below as target waste resin molded products.

The sheet-shaped resin molded product is, for example, a sheet material for a floor of a vehicle, a sheet material for a seat, a sheet material for lining a door,
A sheet material such as a skin material for armrests and a skin material for headrests.The sheet material covers the surface of a molding member that is a core material for various products such as vehicle floors, seats, doors, armrests, and headrests, and is an adhesive agent. It is used by being laminated or fixed to the surface of the molded member with a fastener such as a tack or a screw via an adhesive.

The sheet-shaped resin molded article of this example is a sheet material for lining a vehicle door, and a sheet-shaped base material layer made of vinyl chloride having a thickness of 1.4 mm is formed on the surface of urethane foam having a thickness of 0.4 mm. The body surface layer is laminated via an adhesive layer. It should be noted that the door lining sheet material is used by covering the molding member that is the door core material with the urethane foam inside. That is, the vinyl chloride becomes the outer surface of the door lining.

A method of separating the vinyl chloride, which is the sheet-like base material layer of the lining sheet material of the door, from the surface layer made of the urethane foam to recover the vinyl chloride will be described.

Step 1 [Coarse Crushing Step] A sheet-shaped resin molded product is cut into a cutter mill 1 as shown in FIG.
20 is used to cut into pieces of an appropriate size, or crushed in a broad sense, to form a small piece 82 to be processed having, for example, a rectangular shape, a square shape, or another irregular shape and a side of about 5 mm or less.

In the cutter mill 120, the second fixed blade 1
26 and the rotary blade 125 have a clearance of 0.2 to 0.3.
mm. In addition, the screen 129 is formed of a mesh through which the small piece 82 to be processed having a side of about 5 mm can pass. The operation of the cutter mill 120 is similar to that of the above-described embodiment in which the target waste resin molded product is the instrument panel member, and each of the treated small pieces 82 crushed by the cutter mill 120 has all or one of the surface layers on the surface of the sheet-shaped base material layer. The parts are in a laminated state. That is, it is crushed in various states such as one made of urethane foam and vinyl chloride, one having an adhesive layer remaining on the surface of vinyl chloride, and each small piece 82 to be treated is basically a base material layer. The surface layer is not separated from.

Step 2 [Separation / Classification / Sizing Step] In this [separation / classification / sizing step], each small piece 82 to be treated is roughly crushed by the crushing means in the above-mentioned [crushing step]. Then, the pin mill 130 is used to add an impact compression attrition force and an impact compression action to pulverize, and the urethane foam and the adhesive layer are separated from the vinyl chloride, and the vinyl chloride of the base layer is formed into a rectangular or square shape or other irregular shape. So one side
To sized to m 4 mm approximately less in size. Further, the pulverized urethane foam and the sized vinyl chloride of the base material layer are classified, and the vinyl chloride of the base material layer is recovered as a recovery resin material from the sheet-shaped resin molded product of the waste resin molded product.

The above steps can be repeated as many times as necessary.

In the pin mill 130, each small piece 82 to be processed is located at the center of the crushing / sizing space 155, and impact compression abrasion is performed between the fixed and movable pins 134 and 144, as in the above-described embodiment. Due to the crushing force, impact, compression, crushing or polishing, particle size adjusting action and centrifugal action are combined, and the particles are gradually crushed or ground and sized by the impact compression grinding force while spreading in the outer peripheral direction. . In this process, the urethane foam laminated on the vinyl chloride surface of each small piece 82 to be treated is separated from the vinyl chloride. Vinyl chloride is rectangular or square or other irregular shape,
Grinding, polishing and sizing to a size of about 4 mm or less on one side,
On the other hand, some urethane foams are finely crushed into irregular shapes having a side of 1.5 mm or less, and those crushed into irregular sizes having a side of 2 to 5 mm. In addition, some vinyl chlorides are finely pulverized to have an irregular size with a side of 1.5 mm or less.

A part of the finely pulverized urethane foam and vinyl chloride passes through the screen 151 by the centrifugal action of each movable pin 144, is classified into the discharge space 156, and then the blower 157 is discharged from the discharge port 152. After that, it is sucked and discharged to the outside.

On the other hand, the sized vinyl chloride and the urethane foam having a size which does not pass through the screen 151 remain in the screen 151. Some of this vinyl chloride does not have the urethane foam or adhesive layer separated sufficiently,
These vinyl chloride and urethane foams are refluxed from the outlet 153 to the supply inlet 132 with the plug valve 154 opened, and again subjected to the impact compression grinding force in the pin mill 130 to convert the vinyl chloride and urethane foams into urethane foams. The adhesive layer separates, and the urethane foam part has a side of 1 mm.
It is finely crushed into the following irregular shapes. However, one side is 1
There are many urethane foams with irregular sizes of about 5 mm. Therefore, although the finely pulverized urethane foam and the adhesive layer are discharged to the outside from the discharge port 152 as described above, the irregular size urethane foam having a side of 1 to 5 mm is screened together with vinyl chloride. It remains in 151.

This vinyl chloride and urethane foam is taken out from the outlet 153 by opening the plug valve 154, and vinyl chloride and urethane are separated by a classifying means such as a centrifugal classifier using air or water utilizing the difference in specific gravity in the next step. The foam is classified, and vinyl chloride, or vinyl chloride and urethane foam are each recovered as a recovery resin material.

Others are the same as the above-mentioned embodiment.

The sheet-like base material layer includes, in addition to vinyl chloride, fluorine resin, PVC sheet, PP sheet, urethane sheet and the like. The resin foam includes polypropylene foam, rubber foam, PVC foam, polystyrene foam and the like in addition to urethane foam, but the present invention is applicable to any of the above resin materials. Needless to say.

As described above, the recovered resin material such as vinyl chloride obtained from the sheet-shaped base material layer of the sheet-shaped resin molded product is the same as the recovered resin material of the instrument panel member described above, such as an extruder. Can be directly put into the molding machine for molding into other molded products, or can be molded into pellets in the form of a resin material for molding, and can also be used as a raw material for wood synthetic boards, or a new sheet. It can also be used as a raw material for the resinous molded article.

Further, the recovered resin material of the resin foam such as the urethane foam obtained from the surface layer as described above can be used as the recovered resin material which is made into a raw material without being discarded,
For example, it can be a raw material for a bulking material.

The present invention can also be applied to a resin wallpaper made of a resin film or resin sheet such as vinyl chloride, and comprises a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer or an adhesive layer from the surface of the resin film or resin sheet as the base layer. The surface layer can be separated and classified, and the base material layer can be sized and recovered as a recovered resin material.

[0075]

Since the present invention is configured as described above, it has the following effects.

(1) By a relatively simple and easy means,
Efficient as a resin material in which the surface layer is separated and removed from the base material layer of the waste resin molded product to be treated only by impact compression grinding force, and the base material layer is sized into a predetermined particle size range and made into a raw material. Well granulated so that it can be reused.

(2) Further, the surface layer can be separated from the base material layer of the waste resin molded product by a relatively simple and easy means, and the surface layer can be recovered as a materialized resin material and reused. I did it.

(3) When the waste resin molded product is a sheet-shaped resin molded product constituted by laminating a surface layer made of a resin foam on the surface of a sheet-shaped base material layer made of resin, this sheet-shaped resin The sheet-shaped base material layer and the resin foam are efficiently separated by a comparatively simple and easy means of the molded product only by impact compression grinding force, and the sheet-shaped base material layer or the sheet-shaped base material layer and the resin foam is separated. Each of them was recovered as a materialized resin material so that it could be reused.

(4) When the waste resin molded product is formed by laminating a surface layer made of another resin material on the surface of a base material layer, it cannot be separated as in the conventional case and can be reused with different kinds of resins mixed. The base layer and the surface layer can be efficiently separated, and at least the base layer or the base layer and the surface layer can be separately recovered and reused.

(5) The resin foam is easy to separate from the base material layer when subjected to impact compression attrition force, and the base material layer and the resin foam are easily classified. When the surface layer of the molded product is a resin foam, or a resin foam and another resin, separation of the base material layer and the surface layer, classification,
It has an excellent effect on sizing.

(6) Since the separating / classifying / grading means communicates with the take-out port and the feed-in port, the sized resin material formed in the take-out port is returned to the feed-in port again. The separation, classification, and sizing steps can be repeated multiple times, and the separation, classification, and sizing of the base material layer and the surface layer can be effectively performed by one separation, classification, and sizing method. I was able to.

[Brief description of drawings]

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a systematic description of processing steps showing the principle and schematic outline of the case where the basic first embodiment method of the instrument panel member recovery / granulation method, which is an example of the processing object of the present invention, is applied. It is a figure.

FIG. 2 is a systematic explanatory diagram of a processing step showing a principle and schematically an outline of a case where another embodiment method of the instrument panel member recovery / granulation method, which is an example of the processing object of the present invention, is applied.

FIG. 3 is an overall perspective view showing a main part of a cutter mill (coarse crushing means) used in an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a vertical cross-sectional view schematically showing the schematic configuration of a separation / classification / particle size control means (pin mill) used in the method of the above embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a front view for explaining the separation / classification / particle size regulating operation in FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 81 crushed pieces 82 small pieces to be treated 83, 83a sized resin material 120 cutter mill 121 cutter mill body 122 lid 123 input port 124 cutter support 125 rotary blade 126 fixed blade 127 input chamber 128 coarse crushing chamber 129 screen 130, 130a separation / classification / Grain sizing device (pin mill) 131 Fixed disc 132 Supply inlet 133 Fixed end plate 134 Fixed pin 135 Circular side plate 141 Movable disc 142 Rotating horizontal shaft 143 Bearing 144 Movable pin 151 Screen 152 Discharge port 153 Outlet 154 Plug valve 155 Grinding and adjusting Grain space 156 Discharge space 157,157a Blower 158,158a Blower

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Claims (11)

[Claims] 1. A crushing step of roughly crushing a waste resin molded product in which a surface layer is laminated on the surface of a base material layer into a plurality of small pieces to be treated, and for each of the small pieces to be treated, The process of separating, classifying and sizing to separate the base material layer and surface layer by crushing by applying impact compression grinding force and classify and classify the base material layer to obtain the recovered resin material A method for collecting and granulating at least a waste resin molded product. 2. A crushing step of roughly crushing a waste resin molded product in which a surface layer is laminated on the surface of a base material layer into a plurality of small pieces to be treated; Separation, classification, and sizing steps in which a base material layer and a surface layer are separated by crushing by applying impact compression milling force and classified, and the base material layer is sized to obtain a recovered resin material And a method of recovering and granulating a waste resin molded product, which includes at least a step of removing the separated surface layer from time to time. 3. A crushing step of roughly crushing a waste resin molded product in which a surface layer is laminated on the surface of a base material layer into a plurality of small pieces to be treated; Separation, classification, and sizing steps in which a base material layer and a surface layer are separated by crushing by applying impact compression milling force and classified, and the base material layer is sized to obtain a recovered resin material A method for collecting and granulating a waste resin molded product, which comprises at least a step of using a surface layer as a recovered resin material. 4. The collection of the waste resin molded product according to claim 1, wherein the waste resin molded product is formed by laminating a surface layer made of a resin foam on the surface of a sheet-like base material layer made of a resin. -Granulation method. 5. The collection / production of the waste resin molded product according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, wherein the waste resin molded product is formed by laminating a surface layer made of another resin material on the surface of a base material layer. Grain method. 6. The method for collecting and granulating a waste resin molded product according to claim 1, wherein the surface layer of the waste resin molded product is made of two or more resin materials. 7. A base material layer and a surface layer are separated from a waste resin molded product in which the surface layer is laminated on the surface of the base material layer, and the base material layer,
Alternatively, it is an apparatus for recovering the base material layer and the surface layer respectively, and a crushing means for crushing the waste resin molded product into each of a plurality of small pieces to be treated, and a central portion at a supply inlet of the small pieces to be treated. A fixed-side separation / classification / particle-size means on a fixed disk that communicates with each other, in which fixed pins are sequentially planted on a plurality of rotation loci, and a movable disk that is rotatably driven so as to face the fixed disk. The movable-side separating / classifying / grading means in which the movable pins are sequentially planted on a plurality of rotation loci different from those of the fixed pins, and the outer peripheral portion of the combination of the fixed pins and the movable pins. A discharging means for discharging the separated surface layer, and a discharging means for discharging the recovered resin material having a desired particle size or more to the discharging opening, and between the fixed pin and the movable pin. , Impact compression grinding force It is characterized in that it comprises a separating / classifying / sizing means configured to impact / compress / crush the small pieces to separate / classify the base layer and the surface layer and to size the base layer. Equipment for collecting and granulating waste resin molded products. 8. The collection / granulation apparatus for waste resin molded products according to claim 7, wherein the separating / classifying / grading means is communicated with the take-out port and the supply / feed port. 9. The waste resin according to claim 1, wherein the base material layer of the waste resin molded product is made of any one resin of polypropylene, ABS resin, polyethylene, polycarbonate, and vinyl chloride. Collection of molded products
Granulation method. 10. The surface layer of the waste resin molded product comprises one layer of a resin foam or two or more layers of a resin foam and another resin material. The method for collecting and granulating the waste resin moldings described. 11. The resin foam constituting the surface layer of the waste resin molded product is a resin foam of any one of urethane foam, polypropylene foam, polyethylene foam and PVC foam. 6. A method for collecting and granulating a waste resin molded product according to any one of 6.