JPH08233375A - Solar system house - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To improve the heat insulation between a heat collecting space and a building by dividing the space of the top (ridge) of a roof at the south or north side to be formed as a header duct, and communicating it with one end of an air channel under a roof plate communicating with the outdoor or a garret. CONSTITUTION: An air channel 2 is formed directly under a metal roof plate 1 as a solar heat collecting surface at a roof, and the one end 3 of the channel 2 is opened at eaves. A heat insulating layer 24 such as glass wool is provided at the lower side of the channel 2, and the part of the roof is covered with glass 23. The space of the top (ridge) of the roof is divided by a heat insulating wall 27 at the south or north side, header ducts 28, 29 are formed by partitioning from the garret side by a heat insulator 26, and the one end of the channel 2 communicates with the ducts 28, 29 at the roof of the south or north side. A ridge ventilator 30 is provided at the top of the roof to communicate with the duct 29, and the duct 29 communicates with the inlet side of a handling box 5 containing a fan 7.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to heat collection of a solar system house that collects solar heat during the day using air as a heat medium.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art It has long been practiced to open a large opening on the south side of a house to receive a large amount of winter solar radiation and to open a part of it in summer for ventilation. Taking this one step further, it is also practiced to create a solarium outside the living room and use it as a greenhouse to take in warm air from here. The applicant has previously proposed and filed a solar system house that can reasonably promote this and can effectively utilize the air collected by sunlight regardless of the direction. Japanese Patent Application No. 61-311485 (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 63-165633) and Japanese Patent Application No. 62-234666 (Japanese Patent Application No. 64-75858) are such.

The outline will be described with reference to FIG. 6. An air flow path 2 having a roof slope is formed immediately below a metal roof plate 1 such as a color iron plate as a solar heat collecting portion, and one end of this air flow path 2 is formed. The outside air intake 3 is opened at the eaves and the like (which may be the back of a hut), and the other end is connected to a ridge duct 4 as a semicircular heat collecting box made of a heat insulating material. The lower surface of the air flow path 2 having a roof slope formed immediately below a metal roof plate 1 such as a colored iron plate is a heat insulating layer 24 covered with glass wool or the like.
The glass roof 23 covers part of the roof. The glass 23 prevents the wind from interfering with the heating of the metal roof plate 1 by solar heat by cooling when the wind is strong.

A backflow prevention damper 6, a fan 7 and a flow path switching damper 8 are provided inside, and the flow path switching damper 8 is provided.
On one of the outflow sides of the above, a handling box 5 opened to the outside by an exhaust duct 9 is installed in the attic 22 which is an attic space. The tip exhaust port of the exhaust duct 9 is surrounded by an exhaust gallery 25 provided on the outer wall.

The inflow side of the backflow preventing damper of the handling box 5 is communicated with the ridge duct 4, and one of the outflow sides of the flow path switching damper 8 is connected to the upper end of the falling duct 10. The lower end of the descending duct 10 is open to an air circulation space 13 between the heat storage soil concrete 11 as a heat storage / heat radiation portion and the floor panel 12, and a floor outlet 14 from the air circulation space 13 to the room is provided.

As described above, the inflow side of the backflow prevention damper 6 of the handling box 5 is connected to the ridge duct 4, and the inflow side of the backflow prevention damper 6 is connected to the circulation duct 19 that opens to the room through a ceiling or the like. The backflow prevention damper 6 is configured as a flow path switching damper for switching the flow path between the ridge duct 4 side and the circulation duct 19 side.
If the room provided with the suction port 20 in which the circulation duct 19 is open is the second floor, there is a floor panel 12 provided with the floor outlet 14 to the room on the first floor, and the room has an air blow-through structure. It is desirable to allow free flow.

In the handling box 5, a hot water removing coil 15 is provided between the backflow prevention damper 6 and the fan 7.
The hot water removing coil 15 is connected to a hot water storage tank 17 by a circulation pipe 16. In the hot water storage tank 17, a hot water supply boiler 18 for reheating is provided on the way to connect a hot water supply pipe 21 to a bath, a washroom, or a kitchen.
Connect.

In this way, the roof plate 1 which is a metal plate heated by sunlight warms the outside air entering the air flow path 2,
This warmed air rises along the roof slope. Then, the heated air is collected in the ridge duct 4 and then enters the handling box 5 by the fan 7, flows down from the handling box 5 into the falling duct 10, and circulates air between the heat storage soil concrete 11 and the floor panel 12. Enter space 13. In this air circulation space 13, the heated air directly heats the bottom of the floor through the floor panel 12, and the heat storage soil concrete 11
Heat is stored in the room and is directly blown into the room from the floor outlet 14 as warm air.

On the other hand, the hot water removing coil 15 heats the water fed from the hot water storage tank 17 through the circulation pipe 16 to the hot water removing coil 15,
It is stored as hot water in a hot water storage tank 17, and if necessary, it is reheated by a hot water supply boiler 18 for additional heating and supplied to various places through hot water supply pipes.

By the way, in a season such as summer when the temperature is high and heating is not required, it is necessary to discharge all the heated air heated by the roof plate 1 to the outside air and discard it. In that case, if the flow-path switching damper 8 closes one of the outflow side, that is, the falling duct 10 side, and opens the other, one of the outflow side, the exhaust duct 9 side, the heating air from the handling box 5 is exhausted. Abandoned outdoors via 9. Since the heated air passes through the handling box 5 to heat the hot water removing coil 15, it can be ensured that hot water can be obtained by utilizing solar heat even at high temperatures such as in summer.

[0011]

In the solar system house shown in FIG. 6, the roof surface which receives a lot of solar radiation on the surface of the building is constructed as a solar heat collecting portion. Further, the air flow path 2 on the heat collecting surface is formed outside the heat insulating layer 24 of the roof, and the ridge duct 4 for collecting the air in the heat collecting portion and the first duct for connecting the ridge duct 4 and the handling box 5 are provided. The exhaust duct 9 and the exhaust gallery chamber for discharging hot air to the outside are configured on the indoor side of the heat insulating layer 24 of the roof.

Further, in the summer, in order to reduce the amount of heat transmitted to the roof by the solar heat received by the roof, the heat collecting air layer is forcedly exhausted. The hot exhaust gas at that time flows through the duct inside the heat insulation layer 24 of the roof, and the exhaust galleries provided on the outer wall.
Emitted from 25.

When the heat collecting air is caused to flow through the duct or the like provided inside the building as described above, the heat of the heat collecting air is radiated into the building through the duct. Then, since the temperature of the heat collecting air decreases in the winter, the amount of heat that can be effectively used decreases, and in the summer, the heat in the building becomes high due to heat radiation from the duct to the inside of the building.

From the above situation, in order to reduce the amount of heat released from the heat collecting air flowing in the duct to the inside of the building, it is necessary to thicken the heat insulating material applied to the ridge duct and other ducts, but the heat insulating material is costly. Since the cost is high, the construction work is great, and the disposal is not easy, the thickness of the heat insulating material is hardly increased.

When an exhaust gallery is provided on the outer wall,
Since the collected heat air to be exhausted is at a relatively high temperature and there is an exhaust noise, consideration must be given to a position that does not affect the neighborhood. Further, when the outdoor wind blows against the exhaust gallery, the exhaust air volume decreases due to the wind pressure, so it is required to plan the position of the exhaust gallery by avoiding the direction of the seasonal wind in the hot season. In this way, the requirements required when planning an exhaust gallery are constraints on a building plan.

The object of the present invention is to eliminate the disadvantages of the conventional example, and to improve the heat insulation between the heat collecting air and the building in a solar system house having a roof as an air-type heat collecting surface. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a solar system house that simplifies the construction of the ventilation part and the exhaust part, and also reduces costs by reducing the materials used.

Further, the present invention combines a header ventilation duct with a ridge ventilation system having a ventilation capacity for simultaneously exhausting the forced exhaust of the solar system and the exhaust of the roof ventilation of the roof surface when the weather is hot at an average outdoor wind speed. Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a solar system house capable of reducing the amount of insolation entering the building by exhausting the ventilation layer over the entire roof and reducing fan power and exhaust noise.

[0018]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is, firstly, a header in which the space of the roof (ridge) of the roof is divided to the south side and the north side, and is divided from the indoor side by a heat insulating member. It is configured as a duct, and the south part of this header duct is the first duct, and the north part is the second duct. At the end of the air flow path under the roof plate, the tip of which communicates outdoors or in the attic. Second, the building ventilation system was installed at the roof top, and this was the north part
Third, the first duct is connected to the inflow side of the handling box with a built-in fan,
The outflow side of the handling box is connected to the falling duct and the second duct, the backflow prevention damper is provided at the inlet of the handling box, and the falling duct and the second duct are provided at the outlet.
The gist of the present invention is to provide a flow path switching damper to the duct, and to make the lower end of the falling duct communicate with the air circulation space formed between the concrete slab that serves as a heat storage and heat dissipation portion and the finishing floor.

[0019]

According to the present invention as set forth in claim 1, the structure of the heat collecting section and the exhaust section around the roof is changed to an equipment duct to devise the shape of the architectural heat insulating member, whereby a first heat collecting duct is formed. By constructing the duct No. 1 with a roof insulation member that has a higher heat insulating property than that of the facility type duct, the amount of heat dissipated into the building of the No. 1 duct can be reduced, so the temperature of the heat collecting air during the heat collection in winter The decrease is small, and the amount of heat radiated into the building during forced exhaust in the summer is small.

Further, instead of the conventional exhaust chamber, the second duct as the exhaust duct is constituted by the roof heat insulating member similarly to the first duct, so that the heat radiation amount to the inside of the building of the second duct is small. As a result, the amount of heat radiated into the building is reduced during forced summer exhaust. As described above, in response to the decrease in the heat radiation amount of the collected air into the building, the amount of heat that can be effectively used in the building increases in winter, and the temperature in the building does not rise in summer.

With regard to workability, the entire structure is changed by replacing the conventional facility-like building duct or heat collecting duct and exhaust gas gallery with the first and second stage heat insulating members in the form of stages. Since the work is simplified and the work can be performed on the stage part, the workability is improved, and it is possible to reduce the amount of the heat insulating material that is not easy to dispose of.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, in addition to the above function, a ridge ventilator and an exhaust header having a ventilation capacity sufficient for forced exhaust of heat collecting air and exhaust of air naturally exhausted by roof ventilation are provided. By combining them, the exhaust air of the heat collecting air in summer can be treated in the ridge that does not need to consider the exhaust of the hot air and the exhaust noise to the neighborhood. At this time, since the passage area of the exhaust air of the ridge ventilation device is larger than that of the conventional exhaust gallery, the exhaust sound level can be reduced.

Further, since the collected air is discharged by the ridge ventilation device whose ventilation capacity is increased in proportion to the outdoor wind speed, it is not only possible to eliminate the reduction of the exhaust air volume due to the wind pressure in the conventional exhaust gallery, The higher the outdoor wind speed, the more the ventilation capacity of the building ventilation system increases, and the fan power can be reduced.

Furthermore, the amount of heat that is transmitted to the building by the solar radiation can be reduced over the entire roof by forcibly exhausting the heat collecting surface in the south and discharging the air ventilated from the roof of the roof in the north.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, by combining the handling box, the equipment can be integrated into this handling box, and the whole can be made compact and easy to use, and piping work and other construction work can be performed. Can be rationalized.

[0026]

Embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional side view of an essential part showing one embodiment of a solar system house of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a perspective view with a part thereof cut away, and FIG. 3 is a perspective view with a part thereof cut away. The same components as those shown in FIG. 6 are designated by the same reference numerals.

On the roof in the south, an air flow path 2 having a roof slope is formed immediately below a metal roof plate 1 such as a colored iron plate as a solar heat collecting surface, and one end of this air flow path 2 is at the eaves edge ( It may be in the back of the hut), and opens as the outside air intake 3. The lower surface of the air flow path 2 is formed as a heat insulating layer 24 made of glass wool or the like, and a part of the roof is covered with glass 23. The glass 23 prevents the wind from interfering with the heating of the metal roof plate 1 by solar heat by cooling when the wind is strong.

Similarly, in the case of the roof toward the north, the present invention forms an air flow path 2 having a roof slope immediately below a metal roof plate 1 such as a colored iron plate. It may be on the back side) and opens as the outside air intake 3. The lower surface of the air flow path 2 is formed as a heat insulating layer 24 made of a panel board such as glass wool.

The roof top (building) space is divided to the south and the north by a heat insulating wall 27, and is further divided into an indoor side by a heat insulating member 26 to form a header duct. The first duct 28 was used, and the northward portion was used as the second duct 29. These first duct 28 and second
The entire structure of the duct 29 of the roof insulation member 26 is simplified by making the roof insulation member 26 in a stage shape, and the workability is improved because the work can be performed in the stage-like portion, and the amount of heat-insulating material or the like that is not easy to discard can be used. Reduction is possible.

One end of the air flow path 2 directly below the metal roof plate 1 on the south roof is connected to the first duct 28, and the air flow directly below the metal roof plate 1 on the north roof. One end of the passage 2 was connected to the second duct 29.

Further, a ridge ventilation device 30 is provided on the roof top, and a second duct 29, which is the northern part, is connected to this. In the example shown in the figure, this ridge ventilation device 30 is a natural ventilation type ridge ventilation hardware such as a ridge cover-shaped air vent.
It may be a forced exhaust type driven by a fan having a check valve. Further, various types such as a natural exhaust type, a chimney type, a glazed type, and a slit type opening may be considered.

It is possible to appropriately select whether the first duct 28 and the second duct 29 communicate with each other from here, for example, an underfloor space, an indoor space, the outside, or the like, and a duct having a fan is connected to them. How to connect can also be selected appropriately. For example, although not shown, a falling duct having a fan is connected to the first duct 28, and a branch duct branched in the middle is connected to the second duct 29. One example is to connect a falling duct having a fan to each of the two ducts 29. In addition, the fan is installed in the first duct 28 and the second duct 29.
It can also be installed inside.

In the illustrated example, the first duct 28 is connected to the fan 7
A duct 31 on the inflow side of the handling box 5 with a built-in
And the outflow side of the handling box 5 is connected to the second duct 29 via the falling duct 10 and the duct 32.

A backflow prevention damper 6 is provided at the inflow port of the handling box 5, and a flow path switching damper 8 to the down duct 10 and a duct 32 connected to the second duct 29 is provided at the outflow port of the down duct 10. As shown in FIG. 3, the lower end is opened to the air circulation space 13 between the heat storage soil concrete 11 as the heat storage / radiation section and the floor panel 12 as in the conventional example, and the air circulation space 13 from the interior to the room. A floor outlet was provided.

As described above, the inflow side of the backflow prevention damper 6 of the handling box 5 is communicated with the first duct 28 via the duct 31.
The inflow side is also connected to a circulation duct 19 or a circulation port that is opened indoors by a ceiling or the like, and the backflow prevention damper 6 switches the flow channel between the duct 31 side and the circulation duct 19 side or the circulation port. Configured as a switching damper.

In the handling box 5, a hot water removing coil 15 is provided between the backflow prevention damper 6 and the fan 7.
This hot water removal coil 15 is connected to a hot water storage tank by a circulation pipe as in the conventional example, and a hot water supply boiler for additional heating is provided in the hot water storage tank midway, and a hot water supply pipe leading to a bath, a washroom, or a kitchen is provided. Connecting. Further, the hot water removing coil 15 may be a dual coil in which a coil for auxiliary heating is combined.

In this way, on the roof on the south side, the roof plate 1 which is a metal plate heated by sunlight warms the outside air entering the air flow path 2, and this warmed air follows the roof slope. Rise. Then, this heated air is collected in the first duct 28 as a heat collecting duct, and then enters the handling box 5 by the fan 7, and the handling box 5
From the fall duct 10 to the heat storage soil concrete
Enter the air circulation space 13 between the floor panel 12 and 11. In this air circulation space 13, heating air directly heats the floor below the floor panel 12, heat is stored in the heat storage soil concrete 11, and is directly blown out into the room from the floor outlet 14 as warm air. There are three ways of heating.

On the other hand, in the hot water removing coil 15, the water sent from the hot water storage tank to this via the circulation pipe is heated and stored in the hot water storage tank as hot water, and from here it is further supplied by a hot water supply boiler for additional heating. Reheated and hot water is supplied to various places from hot water supply pipes.

By the way, in a season such as summer when the temperature is high and heating is not required, it is necessary to discharge all the heated air heated by the roof plate 1 to the outside air and discard it. In this case, the flow path switching damper 8 closes one of the outlet ducts, namely, the falling duct 10 side, and opens the other one of the outlet sides, the duct 32 side to the second duct 29 as an exhaust duct. The heated air from the handling box 5 enters the second duct 29 through the duct 32 and is discharged to the outside from the ridge ventilation device 30. Since the heated air passes through the handling box 5 to heat the hot water removing coil 15, it can be ensured that hot water can be obtained by utilizing solar heat even at high temperatures such as in summer.

Exhaust gas from this ridge ventilation device 30 attracts the air in the air flow path 2 directly below the metal roof plate 1 on the north roof, forcing the heat collecting surface to the south. By exhausting air from the roof ventilation of the north-facing roof at the same time as exhaust air, the amount of heat that the solar radiation transfers into the building can be reduced over the entire roof.

By the way, the fan 7 is driven at summer night,
The cold air at night is taken from the outside air intake 3 into one end of the air flow path 2 immediately below the metal roof plate 1 on the roof on the south side, and the radiative cooling from the roof plate 1 is also acted to stand up this air. It is sent to the air circulation space 13 between the underfloor heat storage soil concrete 11 and the floor panel 12 via the down duct 10, and is stored in the heat storage soil concrete 11 and is blown directly into the room as cold air from the floor outlet. A cooling action with is also performed.

The cooling action will be described in more detail.
A very clear blue sky has an extremely low temperature of -40 ° to -60 ° C. There is the exchange of radiant heat between it and the surface of the ground. The ones on the ground have higher temperatures, so they lose heat. At night there is no solar radiation, so the heat on the surface is taken away exclusively. That is nighttime radiation.

FIG. 5 shows a second embodiment of the present invention.
Instead of covering a part of the roof with the glass 23, a heat collecting panel 34 whose upper surface is closed by a transparent plate 33 is installed. This heat collecting panel 34 is inclined toward the direction of the solar radiation like the roof slope, and is communicated with the air flow path 2 immediately below the roof plate 1 at the lower position, and the upper position is connected to the first duct 28. Communicate. The heat collecting panel 34 has a bottom portion formed as a heat insulating layer.

The second duct 29 can function as a heat collecting duct instead of an exhaust duct. That is, in the northern part, it is possible to take in the nighttime cold air from the outside air intake 3 through the air flow path 2 in summer, collect it in the second duct 29, and then take it into the room.

In this case, the handling box 5
Instead, a vertical duct with a suction fan is provided separately to do this.

[0046]

As described above, the solar system house of the present invention is a solar system house having a roof as an air-type heat collecting surface, and the structure of the heat collecting part and the exhaust part around the roof is replaced by an equipment duct. By devising the shape of the architectural heat insulating member, the heat insulation between the heat collecting air and the building can be improved, and the construction of the heat collecting part and the exhaust part can be simplified and used. It enables the reduction of materials.

Furthermore, at an average outdoor wind speed, a ridge ventilation device having a ventilation capacity for exhausting the forced exhaust of the solar system and the exhaust of roof ventilation on the roof when the weather is hot is combined with the second duct. This reduces the amount of solar radiation entering the building by exhausting the ventilation layer over the entire roof, which reduces fan power and exhaust noise.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional side view of essential parts showing a first embodiment of a solar system house of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a partially cutaway perspective view showing a first embodiment of a solar system house of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a partially cutaway perspective view showing the first embodiment of the solar system house of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing an example of a ridge ventilation device.

FIG. 5 is a vertical cross-sectional side view of essential parts showing a second embodiment of the solar system house of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a vertical sectional side view showing an outline of a conventional example of a solar system house.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ... Roof plate 2 ... Air flow path 3 ... Outside air intake 4 ... Building duct 5 ... Handling box 6 ... Backflow prevention damper 7 ... Fan 8 ... Flow path switching damper 9 ... Exhaust duct 10 ... Falling duct 11 ... Heat storage soil concrete 12 ... Floor panel 13 ... Air distribution space 14 ... Floor outlet 15 ... Hot water coil 16 ... Circulation piping 17 ... Hot water tank 18 ... Hot water boiler 19 ... Circulation duct 20 ... Suction port 21 ... Hot water piping 23 ... Glass 24 ... Insulation Layer 25 ... Exhaust gallery 26 ... Insulation member 27 ... Insulation wall 28 ... First duct 29 ... Second duct 30 ... Building ventilation device 31, 32 ... Duct 33 ... Translucent plate 34 ... Heat collection panel

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A roof duct (building) space is divided into a south part and a north part, and is constructed as a header duct partitioned from the indoor side by a heat insulating member, and the south part of the header duct is the first part.
The solar system house is characterized in that the tip is connected to one end of an air flow path under the roof plate that communicates with the outdoors or the back of the hut as a second duct at the north side. 2. The solar system house according to claim 1, wherein a ridge ventilation device is provided on the roof top, and this is communicated with the second duct which is the northward portion. 3. A first duct is connected to an inflow side of a handling box with a built-in fan, and an outflow side of the handling box is connected to a falling duct and a second duct.
A backflow prevention damper is provided at the inlet of the handling box, and a passage switching damper to the falling duct and the second duct is provided at the outlet, and the lower end of the falling duct serves as a concrete slab and a finishing floor for heat storage and heat dissipation. The solar system house according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the air communication space formed between the solar system house and the air system is connected.