JPH08229509A - Sorting device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To provide a means separating and sorting heavy sp. gr. materials and light sp. gr. materials more effectively than heretofore at the time of subjecting the materials which are to be sorted and have variations in grain sizes to gravity sepn. CONSTITUTION: This sorting device is provided with a perforated plate 1 combined with small-diameter perforated plate parts 1A formed with many small-diameter holes A to allow the passage of a part of the materials to be sorted and large-diameter perforated plate parts 1B formed with many large-diameter holes B to allow the passage of a part of the materials to be sorted in such a manner that these parts are adjacent to each other. The sorting device is provided with an air permeating means E which induces the blowing-up wind passing the small-diameter holes A at a low wind velocity and the large-diameter holes B at a high wind velocity, respectively upward from below this perforated plate 1. The device is provided with a materials-to-be sorted charging section 4 for charging the materials to be sorted to the small-diameter perforated plate parts 1A. The device is provided with a vibrating device D which vibrates the perforated plate 1 in such a manner that the materials to be sorted supplied onto the perforated plate 1 are moved from the small-diameter perforated plate parts 1A side toward the large-diameter perforated plate parts 1B side. The device is provided with a recovering section 5C for the materials to be sorted on the upper side of the perforated plate 1 and a recovering section 5B for the materials to be sorted on the lower side.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a sorting apparatus used, for example, when a foreign substance is removed from an object to be sorted and a target is sorted.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a conventional sorting device, a perforated plate having a large number of uniform holes is arranged in an inclined posture, and blowing air blown up through the holes is used to remove the objects to be sorted on the perforated plate. Ventilation means is provided so that it can be slightly lifted, and vibration means is provided to the perforated plate for vertical vibration for obtaining vibration along an inclination angle that is inclined in the same direction as the inclination direction of the inclined posture. (Hereinafter, referred to as a conventional device) has been developed (for example, JP-A-63-2008).
70 publication). According to such a sorting apparatus, the objects to be sorted on the perforated plate have a downward moving force that tends to roll downward in the inclination direction based on the inclined posture of the perforated plate and the inclination angle. Two opposing forces, namely upward movement force that tries to climb upward in the inclination direction based on the vibration along it, will be applied, but of the objects to be sorted, those with a low specific gravity (hereinafter referred to as light specific gravity) Has a larger specific gravity than the one having a large specific gravity (hereinafter, referred to as a heavy specific gravity material), so that the levitation force by the blowing air is largely received, so that the influence of the vibration is reduced and the upward movement force based on the vibration is also reduced.
Therefore, the light specific gravity material tends to receive the downward movement force larger than the upward movement force, and tends to roll down to the lower side in the inclination direction. On the other hand, the heavy specific gravity of the objects to be sorted is, on the contrary, not so much affected by the levitation force by the blowing air, so that it is greatly affected by the vibration,
The upward movement force based on the vibration also increases. Therefore,
The heavy specific gravity object receives the upward movement force larger than the downward movement force, and tends to climb upward in the inclination direction. Therefore, on the upper side and the lower side of the porous plate,
By providing a recovery unit for each of the objects to be sorted, it is possible to separate and sort the heavy specific gravity material and the light specific gravity material from the object to be sorted. Therefore, for example, when the light specific gravity is the object and the heavy specific gravity is the foreign matter among the objects to be sorted, the purpose in which the foreign matter is removed by the recovery unit provided on the lower side of the porous plate. The objects are sorted and collected, and the foreign matters are accumulated in the collecting portion above the perforated plate.

[0003]

However, there are cases in which the objects to be sorted include those having a small diameter and those having a large diameter, and there are considerable variations in the particle size.
When the conventional apparatus as described above is applied to the objects to be sorted having a considerable variation, the small specific gravity of the specific gravity objects is the weight of the individual objects to be selected although they are the specific gravity objects. It is relatively light and receives a large levitation force due to the blowing air, and behaves like the light specific gravity object, and it may be difficult to climb upward in the inclination direction. Therefore, there is a problem that it may be difficult to separate and sort the heavy specific gravity material and the light specific gravity material from the object to be sorted. The present invention has been made by paying attention to such an actual situation, and in order to solve the problems in the above-described conventional apparatus, more effectively separates and sorts a heavy specific gravity material and a light specific gravity material when selecting an object to be selected. The purpose is to provide a means of obtaining.

[0004]

A sorting device according to the present invention (hereinafter referred to as the device of the present invention) comprises a small-diameter perforated plate portion formed with a large number of small-diameter holes that allow a part of an object to be sorted, Providing a perforated plate combined with a large-diameter perforated plate portion in which a large number of large-diameter holes that allow a part of an object to pass are adjacent to each other, from the bottom of the perforated plate to the upper side, the small-diameter holes are formed. Provided with ventilation means for inducing blow-up air passing through the large-diameter hole at a low wind speed and a high wind speed, and an object-to-be-sorted input section for introducing an object to be sorted into the small-diameter perforated plate portion, and supplying onto the perforated plate A vibrating means is provided for vibrating the perforated plate so as to move the objects to be sorted from the small-diameter perforated plate portion side to the large-diameter perforated plate portion side. A recovery unit for the objects to be sorted is provided below the perforated plate. And a point as a first characterizing feature.

In addition, the perforated plate is arranged in an inclined posture in which the small-diameter perforated plate portion is on the lower side and the large-diameter perforated plate portion is on the upper side, in addition to having the first characteristic configuration, The vibrating means is configured so as to give vibration to the perforated plate along an inclination angle that is inclined in the same direction as the inclination direction of the posture, and on the upper end side in the inclination direction of the large-diameter perforated plate portion, The second characteristic configuration is that a recovery section for the objects to be sorted is provided on the upper side.

Further, the third characteristic constitution is that in addition to the first characteristic constitution, a collecting section for the objects to be sorted is provided above the perforated plate.

A fourth characteristic constitution is that, in addition to having the second characteristic constitution, a collecting portion for the objects to be sorted is provided on the lower end side in the inclination direction of the small diameter perforated plate portion.

Further, as a fifth characteristic constitution, in addition to the first characteristic constitution, the ratio of the large-diameter porous plate portion in the perforated plate is made smaller than the small-diameter porous plate portion. There is.

[0009]

In the case of using the apparatus of the present invention having the first characteristic configuration, firstly, the object to be sorted is charged and supplied from the target object input section to the small-diameter perforated plate portion of the perforated plate. For the objects to be sorted on the perforated plate portion, the lateral movement force that moves from the small diameter perforated plate portion side toward the large diameter perforated plate portion side based on the vibration by the vibrating means and the levitation based on the wind blown up by the ventilation means. The force and the drop force that tries to fall downward via the small diameter hole act against the levitation force.
Therefore, of the objects to be sorted, first, the fine powder mainly of light specific gravity and small diameter moves above the perforated plate based on the levitation force, and the small specific gravity of the specific gravity is Based on the dropping force, it passes through the small-diameter holes of the small-diameter perforated plate portion and is collected in the collecting part on the lower side. And those with a large diameter (including light specific gravity) that cannot pass through the small holes.
Are laterally fed to the large-diameter perforated plate portion based on the lateral movement force. The levitation force and the dropping force that tries to fall downward via the large diameter hole act against the levitation force also with respect to the objects to be sorted laterally fed to the large diameter perforated plate portion. Therefore, the fine powder that has not completely moved to the upper part of the small-diameter perforated plate moves to the upper part of the perforated plate based on the levitation force, and the heavy specific gravity of the large-diameter one is the fall. On the basis of force, the large-diameter perforated plate portion passes through the large-diameter hole to be recovered in the lower-side recovery unit,
And, the light specific gravity of the large diameter ones is left on the large diameter perforated plate portion while receiving the lateral movement force, and is further sent to the upper side in the inclination direction to move to the upper side. The items to be sorted are collected by the collecting unit. The levitation force at the large-diameter perforated plate portion is larger than the levitation force at the small-diameter perforated plate portion because the blowing air passes through the large-diameter holes formed in the large-diameter perforated plate portion at a high wind speed. . Therefore, among the large-diameter ones traversed to the large-diameter perforated plate part, the one with a light specific gravity is levitated by the levitation force, so that it may fall below the large-diameter perforated plate part. Therefore, the selection can be performed satisfactorily.

[0010]

As described above, according to the apparatus of the present invention having the first characteristic configuration, the objects to be sorted include those of small diameter and those of large diameter, and there are considerable variations in particle size. Even if there is, it becomes possible to separate and sort the heavy specific gravity material and the light specific gravity material more effectively than before when sorting the objects to be sorted.

According to the device of the present invention having the second characteristic construction, the perforated plate is arranged in the inclined posture, and
Since the vibration along the inclination angle is applied to the perforated plate, in addition to the action and effect of the device of the present invention having the first characteristic configuration, the perforated plate is inclined in the vertical direction. An operation in which the objects to be sorted are positively sorted, and the sorted objects are effectively collected in the collecting portion provided on the upper end side in the inclination direction of the large-diameter porous plate portion.・ Effective.

Further, according to the apparatus of the present invention having the third characteristic configuration, the fine powder moving upward is effectively collected in the collecting section.

Further, according to the apparatus of the present invention having the fourth characteristic structure, since the sorting part of the sorted object is provided also on the lower end side of the small-diameter perforated plate portion in the inclination direction, the collecting part. As a result, the materials that are sorted toward the lower end side of the perforated plate in the inclined direction (particularly, those that are easily rolled) can be effectively sorted and collected.

Further, according to the device of the present invention having the fifth characteristic configuration, the ratio of the large diameter perforated plate portion in the perforated plate is made smaller than the ratio of the small diameter perforated plate portion.
It is possible to suppress air volume consumption in the large-diameter perforated plate portion where the air volume consumption is relatively large, and thus to suppress the total air volume that passes through the holes formed in the perforated plate.

[0015]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the device of the present invention. More specifically, the object (specifically, wood chips) present in the waste wood crushed product that is the object to be sorted, and foreign matter (specifically, sand or stone having a size of 0.5 mm or less, 20
3 to 5% of concrete blocks, brick scraps, glass fragments, metal fragments such as nails, etc. are mixed as foreign matter), and the foreign matter is removed from the waste wood crushed product The sorter used to remove the chips is shown.

Reference numeral 1 in the figure denotes a perforated plate, and the perforated plate 1
Specifically, a small-diameter perforated plate portion 1A having a large number of small-diameter holes A (hole diameter: 2 to 6 mm) that allow the waste wood crushed product to partially pass, and the waste wood crushed product partially pass. And a large-diameter perforated plate portion 1B in which a large number of large-diameter holes B (hole diameter: 6 to 25 mm) are formed so as to be adjacent to each other. The perforated plate 1
Is oscillatably suspended by a spring 2 with respect to a fixed portion 8, and the perforated plate 1 is provided with a vibrating means D for crushing the waste wood pulverized product supplied onto the perforated plate 1 into the small-diameter porous plate. Vibration is caused to move from the plate portion 1A side to the large-diameter porous plate portion 1B side. Specifically, the vibrating means D is integrally attached to the central portion of the perforated plate 1, and is rotationally driven to vibrate in a direction indicated by an outline arrow in the drawing (cycle: 10 to 60 Hz, amplitude: 2-5m
This is a known vibration motor as a vibrator that induces (vibration of m). More specifically, the perforated plate 1 has an inclined posture (inclination angle: 3 ° to 5) in which the small diameter perforated plate portion 1A is on the lower side and the large diameter perforated plate portion 1B is on the upper side.
The vibration means D applies vibration to the perforated plate 1 along an inclination angle inclined in the same direction as the inclination direction of the inclined posture. A hood 3 is fixedly arranged above the perforated plate 1 so as to cover the perforated plate 1 from above. still,
The hood 3 may be provided integrally with the perforated plate 1. And, at the top of the hood 3, there is formed a collecting section 5A capable of collecting the objects to be sorted and guided to the upper side of the perforated plate 1, and an appropriate portion of the hood 3, more specifically, In the portion of the hood 3 corresponding to the upper side of the small diameter perforated plate portion 1A in the perforated plate 1, there is provided a selection target insertion portion 4 for feeding the waste wood crushed product into the small diameter perforated plate portion 1A. There is. Below the perforated plate 1, a funnel-shaped member 6 whose inside also serves as a pressure chamber is arranged, and the bottom of the funnel-shaped member 6 is selectively guided to the lower side of the perforated plate 1. A collecting unit 5B for collecting the is provided. A rectifying plate 7a is disposed inside a side surface of the funnel-shaped member 6, and a cylindrical air introduction portion 7 that introduces the forced air from the outside of the funnel-shaped member 6 into the inside of the funnel-shaped member 6 while rectifying the rectified air. Is provided. And
The air introduced into the inside of the funnel-shaped member 6 via the air introduction part 7 is adjusted from below the perforated plate 1 to above while the flow conditions are appropriately adjusted with the inside of the funnel-shaped member 6 as a pressure chamber. It is configured to be blown up toward the small perforated plate 1 by the blowing up, and the blowing air that passes through the small diameter hole A at a low wind speed and the large diameter hole B at a high wind speed is generated. . That is, due to the combination of the funnel-shaped member 6 and the air introduction portion 7 and the like, the small-diameter hole A passes through the small-diameter hole A at a low wind speed and the large-diameter hole B at a high wind speed from below to above the perforated plate 1. Ventilation means E for inducing a blowing wind is formed. Further, on the upper end side of the large-diameter perforated plate portion 1B in the inclined direction of the perforated plate 1, a collecting portion 5C of the object to be sorted, which is different from the collecting portions 5A and 5B, is provided. Further, the ratio of the large diameter porous plate portion 1A in the porous plate 1 is set to be smaller than the ratio of the small diameter porous plate portion 1B. For example, the small diameter perforated plate portion 1B and the large diameter perforated plate portion 1
The ratio with A is set to 3: 1.

Using the device of the present invention having such a configuration,
When selecting wood chips as an object existing in the waste wood crushed product and the foreign matter and taking out the wood chip from the waste wood crushed product, first, the waste wood crushed product to be selected is From the sorted material charging unit 4, the small diameter perforated plate portion 1A of the perforated plate 1 is charged and supplied. In the waste wood crushed product, a lateral movement force that moves from the small diameter perforated plate portion 1A side to the large diameter perforated plate portion 1B side on the small diameter perforated plate portion 1A based on the vibration by the vibrating means D, A levitation force based on the wind blown by the ventilation means E and a drop force that acts against the levitation force to fall downward through the small diameter hole A act. Therefore, among the pulverized waste wood, fine powder mainly composed of light specific gravity and small diameter (in the present embodiment, wood chips, fine sand, etc.) is used for the perforated plate 1 based on the floating force. It is collected in the upper collecting section 5A and has a large specific gravity and a small diameter (in the present embodiment, sand or stone, concrete lumps, brick scraps, glass pieces, metal pieces, etc.
(Small diameter) has a large diameter which passes through the small diameter hole of the small diameter perforated plate portion 1A based on the dropping force and is collected in the collecting portion 5B below the small diameter hole and which cannot pass through the small diameter hole A. (Including light specific gravity) is laterally fed to the large-diameter perforated plate portion 1B based on the lateral movement force. Then, even for those laterally fed to the large-diameter perforated plate portion 1B, the levitation force and the dropping force that acts against the levitation force to fall downward via the large-diameter hole B act. The fine powder that has not been completely recovered above the small-diameter porous plate portion 1A is recovered by the recovery unit 5A on the upper side of the porous plate 1 based on the levitation force, and the weight of the large-diameter particles is increased. Specific gravity (in the present embodiment, sand or stone, concrete lump, brick waste, glass piece, metal piece, etc. having a large diameter) is a large diameter hole of the large diameter porous plate portion 1B based on the dropping force. While passing through B, it is collected in the collecting section 5B therebelow, and the light specific gravity material (wood chip in the present embodiment, which is the object to be collected) of the large diameter is subjected to the lateral movement force. After remaining on the large-diameter perforated plate portion 1B, the lateral movement force And Zui, will be collected is fed to the recovery section 5C. The levitation force in the large-diameter perforated plate portion 1B rises in the small-diameter perforated plate portion 1A because the blowing air passes through the large-diameter holes B formed in the large-diameter perforated plate portion 1B at a high wind speed. Greater than power. Therefore, among the large-diameter ones laterally fed to the large-diameter perforated plate portion 1B, particularly the one with a light specific gravity is levitated by the levitation force.
The selection can be favorably carried out without dropping below the large-diameter porous plate portion 1B. Further, in this embodiment, since the perforated plate 1 is arranged in the inclined posture and the vibration along the inclination angle is applied to the perforated plate 1, the perforated plate 1 is inclined in the vertical direction. The sorting of the objects to be sorted is actively performed, and the sorted products are effectively collected by the collecting portion 5C provided on the upper end side in the inclined direction of the large diameter porous plate portion 1B. . Further, since the ratio of the large-diameter perforated plate portion 1B in the perforated plate 1 is made smaller than the ratio of the small-diameter perforated plate portion 1A, the air volume consumption in the large-diameter perforated plate portion 1B, which consumes a relatively large amount of air, is reduced. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the total air volume passing through the holes formed in the perforated plate 1.

Next, another embodiment will be described. [1] Another embodiment is conceivable in which, as shown in FIG. 2, a recovery section 5D for the objects to be sorted is also provided on the lower end side of the small-diameter porous plate portion 1A in the inclination direction. According to this another embodiment, the rollable shape on the perforated plate 1 can be effectively sorted and collected. [2] The recovery unit 5B provided below the porous plate 1 is
The lower part of the small diameter perforated plate portion 1A and the large diameter perforated plate portion 1B
It is also possible to consider an embodiment in which it is divided into a lower part and a lower part. According to this another embodiment, it is possible to separately collect the heavy specific gravity material having a small diameter and the heavy specific gravity material having a large diameter. [3] When there are few things to be sorted to the lower end side of the perforated plate 1 in the inclination direction and there is no need to collect them, as in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the inclination direction of the small-diameter perforated plate portion 1A. The recovery part 5D may not be provided on the lower end side,
In case that it is necessary to collect the material sorted to the lower end side of the perforated plate 1 in the inclination direction, for example, a portion which can be opened when the apparatus is stopped is provided on the lower end side of the small diameter perforated plate 1A in the inclination direction. Other embodiments are also possible. [4] An embodiment in which the porous plate 1 is not inclined as shown in Fig. 3 is also conceivable. In this another embodiment, the direction of vibration of the perforated plate 1 by the vibrating means D may be appropriately set as indicated by the arrow in FIG. 2 to generate the lateral movement force. [5] Needless to say, the objects to be sorted by the device of the present invention are not limited to the waste wood crushed products shown in the above-mentioned embodiments. [6] Of the collecting units 5A, 5B, 5C and 5D, the collecting unit used to take out the target object may be appropriately changed depending on the selection conditions.

It should be noted that reference numerals are added to the claims for convenience of comparison with the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the configurations of the accompanying drawings by the entry.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view schematically showing an embodiment of the device of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view schematically showing another embodiment of the device of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view schematically showing another embodiment of the device of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Perforated Plate 1A Small-diameter Perforated Plate Part 1B Large-diameter Perforated Plate Part 4 Sorted Material Input Part 5A, 5B, 5C, 5D Recovery Part A Small-diameter Hole B Large-diameter Hole D Vibration Means E Ventilation Means

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A small-diameter perforated plate portion (1A) formed with a large number of small-diameter holes (A) that allow a part of an object to be sorted, and a large-diameter hole (B) that allows a part of the object to be selected to pass. A large-diameter perforated plate portion (1B) formed with a large number of perforated plates (1) is provided so as to be adjacent to each other, and the small-diameter holes (A) are provided from the lower side to the upper side of the perforated plate (1). A ventilation means (E) for inducing a blow-up air that passes through the large diameter hole (B) at a low wind speed and a high speed at the large diameter hole (B) is provided, and an object to be selected is introduced to the small diameter perforated plate portion (1A). The portion (4) is provided, and the perforated plate is moved so that the objects to be sorted supplied onto the perforated plate (1) are moved from the small diameter perforated plate portion (1A) side to the large diameter perforated plate portion (1B) side. A vibrating means (D) for vibrating (1) is provided, and a collection section for the objects to be sorted above the perforated plate (1). 5C)
And a collecting section (5) for the objects to be sorted below the perforated plate (1).
A sorting device provided with B). 2. The perforated plate (1) is arranged in an inclined posture in which the small diameter perforated plate portion (1A) is on the lower side and the large diameter perforated plate portion (1B) is on the upper side, and the inclined posture The vibrating means (D) is configured so as to give vibration to the perforated plate (1) along an inclination angle inclined in the same direction as the inclining direction of the large diameter perforated plate portion (1B). The sorting apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising: a collecting section (5C) on the upper side on the upper end side in the inclination direction. 3. The sorting apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a collecting section (5A) for collecting the objects to be sorted above the perforated plate (1). 4. The sorting apparatus according to claim 2, wherein a collecting portion (5D) for the sorted objects is provided on the lower end side of the small-diameter porous plate portion (1A) in the inclined direction. 5. The ratio of the large diameter porous plate portion (1A) in the porous plate (1) is set to the small diameter porous plate portion (1B).
The sorting device according to claim 1, wherein the sorting ratio is smaller than the ratio.