JPH08207679A - Energy absorbing member - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To gently absorb shock with a simple structure while securing the large collapse stroke without increase of the weight. CONSTITUTION: A truncated cone-shaped absorbing member main body 1 to be so arranged that its height direction may be parallel to the shock direction is provided. The absorbing part main body 1 is so formed that the upper radius R, the bottom surface radius (r), the height (h) may satisfy the relationship of R<r and h>R.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an energy absorbing member which absorbs collision energy at the time of a collision and protects passengers and passengers and structures.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Railway vehicles such as high-speed railway vehicles and automobiles are
Usually, an energy absorbing member that absorbs collision energy is provided so as to protect the occupant and the structure by absorbing the impact at the time of collision. Conventionally, the energy absorbing member mounted on the railway vehicle has a structure in which cylindrical pipes are bundled, a structure in which honeycomb panels are laminated, or a structure made of foamed aluminum (a foam material formed of an aluminum alloy). ing. Further, conventionally, a bumper that mainly absorbs collision energy in a low speed range and a side member that mainly absorbs collision energy in a high speed range are used as an energy absorbing member mounted on an automobile.

[0003]

However, in the case of the energy absorbing member mounted on the railway vehicle as in the above-mentioned conventional case, when the cylindrical pipes are bundled or the honeycomb panels are laminated, the energy absorbing member becomes excessive at the initial stage of crushing. There is a high possibility that a large reaction force will be generated to damage the vehicle body structure, and in the case of a structure made of foamed aluminum, there is a problem that the crushing stroke is short but the weight is large.

Further, in an energy absorbing member mounted on an automobile, when it is attempted to absorb a shock from a low speed range to a high speed range, a shock resistant design of a bumper part becomes complicated,
There is a problem that the weight and cost of the bumper tend to increase. Further, in the case of improving impact resistance, since the rigidity and the crushing strength of the bumper portion are increased, an excessive reaction force is generated at the time of impact input, and it is difficult to smoothly absorb the impact.

Therefore, in recent years, an energy absorbing member has been arranged in the space of the stay portion connecting the bumper and the side member so that the shock can be smoothly absorbed.

That is, for example, in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 60-226340, there are two leaf springs which are curved at the bumper mounting portion.
A configuration in which a plurality of sheets is combined is disclosed. According to this configuration, it is possible to favorably absorb the collision energy from the front as well as the collision energy from the oblique direction. Further, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 51-27056 discloses a structure in which a bumper is connected to a shock absorber utilizing air pressure. According to this structure, it is possible to absorb collision energy of various sizes. ing. However, the energy absorbing member having such a structure has a complicated structure and thus has a problem that the cost is easily increased.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide an energy absorbing member which can absorb a shock gently with a simple mechanism while ensuring a large crushing stroke without increasing the weight.

[0008]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, an energy absorbing member having a truncated cone-shaped absorbing member main body installed so that its height direction is parallel to the collision direction is provided. The absorbent member body is characterized in that the top surface radius R, the bottom surface radius r, and the height h satisfy the relationship of R <r 1 and h> R.

[0009]

According to the above structure, since the frustoconical absorber main body is installed so that the height direction thereof is parallel to the collision direction, the side wall is inclined with respect to the collision energy input direction. It will be in the state of doing. Therefore, the energy absorbing member is liable to bend even if the side wall of the absorbing member body has a relatively small collision energy. Further, the energy absorbing member has an upper surface radius R of the absorbing member body.
Since the bottom radius r and the height h are set so as to satisfy the relationship of R <r and h> R, an excessive reaction force at the initial stage of deformation of the absorbent member main body is prevented. The increase in the initial crush load (buckling load) due to the plastic buckling of the side wall and the elastic restraint near the upper and lower ends is prevented. Thereby, the energy absorbing member
Since the collision energy at the time of collision is absorbed by the buckling of the side wall of the absorption member body, it is possible to smoothly absorb the shock with a simple mechanism while ensuring a large crushing stroke without increasing the weight. You can do it.

[0010]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. As shown in FIG. 1, the energy absorbing member according to the present embodiment has a truncated cone-shaped absorbing member main body 1 installed such that a height direction thereof is parallel to a collision direction, and a bottom surface of the absorbing member main body 1. The mounting member 2 is provided at the bottom of the absorbent member body 1 so that the mounting member 2 can easily form a through hole for a fastening member such as a pin or a bolt.
It is formed in a rectangular shape having a larger side.

The absorbing member body 1 is made of aluminum alloy (6
383-0) or the like or an organic material such as a synthetic resin or the like to have a hollow shape with a thickness of, for example, 1.0 mm, and the top radius R, the bottom radius r, and the height h are, for example, the top radius R. Is 60 mm, bottom radius r is 100 mm, height h
Is set to 70 mm so as to satisfy the relationship of R <r and h> R.

Here, the reason why R <r is set is that, as a result of the following test, the absorbing member main body 1 has a relationship of R <r to prevent excessive reaction force at the initial stage of deformation and good energy absorption characteristics. This is because it became clear that

That is, the top radius R and the bottom radius r are R =
3 with the relationship r, R = 0.9r and R = 0.7r
The types of absorbing member bodies were prepared, and the relationship between the load P and the displacement D when a load was applied parallel to the height direction of the absorbing member bodies was determined for the three types of absorbing member bodies. As a result, as shown in FIG. 2, it was revealed that satisfying the relationship of R <r improves the energy absorption characteristics, and the maximum reaction force generated at the initial stage of deformation is R =
When r is about 8 tons, when R = 0.9r is about 5.5 tons
When n and R = 0.7r, R <=
This is because it has been clarified that it is sufficiently reduced by satisfying the relationship of r.

The reason for h> R is that the following test results show that when the absorbent member body 1 has a relationship of h> R,
This is because it became clear that the increase of the initial crush load (buckling load) due to the plastic buckling of the side wall and the elastic restraint near the upper and lower ends is prevented. That is, the ratio (h / R) between the height h and the upper surface radius R is approximately "0.25", "0.5", "0.
75 "," 1.0 "," 1.5 "," 2.0 "," 2.
5 types of absorbing member main bodies are formed so that the maximum load P _MAX when the absorbing member main bodies are crushed is obtained, and the maximum load P _MAX is h / R is “1.0. Value when divided by the maximum load P _MAX when
_MAX / _PMAX (h / R = 1)] was calculated. As a result, as shown in FIG. 3, when h / R is “1.0” or more, the division value [P _MAX / P _MAX (h / R = 1)] is “1.0” or less. Since it was confirmed that it is possible to prevent the initial crush load (buckling load) from increasing by satisfying the relationship of h> R between the height h of the absorbent member body 1 and the upper surface radius R. Is.

As shown in FIG. 4, the energy absorbing member 10 has the upper surface of the absorbing member body 1 joined to the bumper reinforcement 4 by a fastening member, and the mounting member 2 on the bottom surface side of the absorbing member body 1. Side member 5
It is used as a stay member that connects the bumper reinforcement 4 and the side member 5 of the automobile 3 by being joined to the front end surface of the vehicle by a fastening member. As shown in FIG. 5, in the energy absorbing member 10, the upper surface of the absorbing member body 1 is joined to the tip end surface of the side member 5, and the mounting member 2 on the bottom surface side of the absorbing member body 1 is bumper reinforcement 4. It may be joined to.

In the above structure, when an automobile equipped with the energy absorbing member 10 as a stay member collides head-on, the collision energy starts from the direction corresponding to the height direction of the absorbing member body 1 and the bumper reinforcement 4 and the energy absorbing member. 10 and side members 5. At this time, the side walls of the bumper reinforcement 4 and the side members 5 are parallel to the collision energy input direction, while the side walls of the absorbing member body 1 of the energy absorbing member 10 are parallel to the collision energy input direction. Inclined to. Therefore, the energy absorbing member 10 is bent even if the side wall of the absorbing member main body 1 has a relatively small collision energy, so that the bumper reinforcement 4 and the side member 5 are deformed.
Before the buckling starts, the side wall of the absorbent member main body 1 buckles.

Further, the inclination of the side wall of the absorbent member main body 1 is such that the top surface radius R, the bottom surface radius r, and the height h are R <r and h.
Since the energy absorbing member 10 is set so as to satisfy the relation of> R, an excessive reaction force in the initial stage of deformation is prevented, and the initial stage due to the plastic buckling of the side wall and the elastic constraint near the upper and lower ends. The rise of crush load (buckling load) is prevented.

As a result, when the automobile 3 collides, the collision energy is gently absorbed by the buckling of the side wall of the absorbing member body 1 and then further absorbed by the buckling of the bumper reinforcement 4 and the side member 5. Therefore, the shock is smoothly absorbed, and as a result, the absorbing member main body 1 sufficiently protects the occupant and the structure.

Next, in order to confirm the above operation, the following crush test was conducted. That is, as shown in FIGS. 6A and 6B, an energy absorbing member having a bumper reinforcement 4 to which a conventional rectangular (cross-section) stay member 6 is attached and a truncated cone-shaped absorbing member body 1. Bumper reinforcement 4 with 10 attached was prepared.
Then, a load was applied from the bumper reinforcement 4 side, and the displacement (mm) and the crush load (ton) were measured. As a result, as shown in FIG. 7, in the bumper reinforcement 4 with the stay member 6 attached, the load abruptly rises and reaches the maximum load in the initial stage of crushing, whereas in the bumper reinforcement 4 with the energy absorbing member 10 attached. It was revealed that in No. 4, the load reached a maximum load after the load gradually increased and then the load fluctuated. Thus, it was confirmed that the energy absorbing member 10 can be absorbed by the bumper reinforcement 4 after being gently absorbed by the energy absorbing member 10 by attaching the energy absorbing member 10 to the bumper reinforcement 4 instead of the stay member. .

The energy absorbing member 10 in this embodiment has a structure in which a single absorbing member main body 1 is provided on the mounting member 2 as shown in FIG. 1, but the invention is not limited to this. As shown in FIGS. 8A and 8B, the mounting member 2 may be composed of a panel body 11 in which a plurality of absorbing member main bodies 1 are arranged in a plane at equal intervals.

Further, the energy absorbing member 10 is shown in FIG.
As shown in, the panel body 11 may have a configuration in which the panel body 11 is laminated in a plurality of stages so that the panel body 11 is suitably used as an energy absorbing member installed in the leading portion of the railway vehicle 7.
In this case, as shown in FIG. 10, as compared with the case where the absorbent member main body is made of a panel body having a honeycomb structure,
It is possible to gently absorb the collision energy and obtain a large crush stroke.

The panel body 11 may be laminated in such a manner that the panel members 11 are laminated so that the absorbent member main body 1 sides are in the same direction, as shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 2, the panel body 11 may be laminated so that the absorbent member main body 1 side and the mounting member 2 side are alternately arranged in opposite directions.

[0023]

As described above, the present invention is an energy absorbing member having a truncated cone-shaped absorbing member main body installed such that the height direction thereof is parallel to the collision direction.
The absorption member body has a top surface radius R, a bottom surface radius r, and a height h.
Is formed so as to satisfy the relationship of R <r and h> R.

As a result, the inclination with respect to the collision direction becomes R
Since the side wall of the absorbing member body formed so as to satisfy the relationship of <r and h> R absorbs the collision energy at the time of collision by buckling, a large crushing stroke is secured without increasing the weight. However, it is possible to smoothly absorb the shock with a simple mechanism.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 shows a schematic shape of an energy absorbing member, in which (a) is a plan view and (b) is a front view.

FIG. 2 is a graph showing the relationship between the displacement of the energy absorbing member and the load.

[Fig. 3] h / R and P _MAX / P _{MAX of} energy absorbing member
It is a graph which shows the relationship with (h / R = 1).

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing a state in which the energy absorbing member is attached to an automobile.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing a state in which the energy absorbing member is attached to the automobile.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing a crushing test method.

7 is a graph showing the relationship between displacement and crush load obtained by the crush test of FIG.

FIG. 8 shows a schematic shape of an energy absorbing member, (a) is a plan view and (b) is a front view.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram showing a state in which an energy absorbing member made up of laminated panel bodies is mounted on a railway vehicle.

FIG. 10 is a graph showing the relationship between displacement and crushing load when the absorbent member main body has a honeycomb structure and when it has a truncated cone shape.

FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram showing a laminated form of a panel body.

FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram showing a laminated form of a panel body.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Absorbing member main body 2 Mounting member 3 Car 4 Bumper reinforcement 5 Side member 6 Stay member 7 Rail vehicle 10 Energy absorbing member 11 Panel body

Claims (10)

[Claims] 1. An energy absorbing member having a truncated cone-shaped absorbing member main body installed so that a height direction thereof is parallel to a collision direction, wherein the absorbing member main body has a top surface radius R and a bottom surface. Radius r, height h
Is formed so as to satisfy the relationship of R <r and h> R. 2. The energy absorbing member according to claim 1, wherein the absorbing member body is made of a metal material or an organic material. 3. The energy absorbing member according to claim 1, wherein the absorbing member main body is formed in a hollow shape. 4. A bumper reinforcement stay member, which is used as a stay member.
The energy absorbing member according to 2 or 3. 5. The energy absorbing member according to claim 4, wherein an upper surface side of the absorbing member main body is attached to the bumper reinforcement. 6. The energy absorbing member according to claim 4, wherein a bottom surface side of the absorbing member main body is attached to the bumper reinforcement. 7. The energy absorbing member according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the absorbing member main body is composed of a plurality of panel bodies arranged in a plane on the mounting member. 8. The absorbent member main body comprises a plurality of panel bodies, in which a plurality of the absorbent member main bodies are arranged in a planar manner on a mounting member, in a plurality of layers such that the absorbent member main body side is in the same direction. The energy absorbing member according to 1, 2 or 3. 9. The absorbent member main body comprises a plurality of panel bodies, which are arranged in a planar manner on a mounting member, and are laminated in a plurality of stages such that the absorbent member main body sides are alternately in opposite directions. The energy absorbing member according to claim 1, 2 or 3. 10. The energy absorbing member according to claim 8 or 9, wherein the energy absorbing member is provided at a leading portion of the railway vehicle.