JPH08198B2 - How to mill wheat - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial field of application] The present invention relates to a method for milling barley, in which barley grains from which the epidermis has been peeled off are subjected to a tempering treatment and then ground.

[Prior art]

As a pretreatment for milling wheat, generally, selection and tempering are performed. That is, the wheat grains from which impurities have been carefully removed are temporarily stored in a storage silo or the like, but the water content of the wheat grains at this time is usually 11% to 12%, so this wheat grain has a predetermined water content ( Since it is usually 15 to 17%), add water such as fog or water droplets so that this wheat grain has a prescribed water content (usually 15 to 17%), and further permeate the moisture into the deep grain inner layer. To do so, leave it for 24 to 48 hours and temper it so that the whole wheat grain has a substantially uniform water content. This is called tempering.

In addition to tempering at room temperature, there is a tempering method called heating and tempering in which wheat is heated.

The main purpose of tempering in any case is to strengthen the fusal region and to make the fusal region resistant to crushing in order to improve the separation between the fusal region (epidermis) containing the defective component and the endosperm region. Giving it a good quality to prevent the flour from becoming finer and producing a good quality wheat flour with a low content of the flour, and the hydrated water penetrates deep into the endosperm to moisten and soften the endosperm to facilitate crushing. And improving the secondary processability of wheat flour (product) (an example of the composition of wheat is shown in Table 1 of the attached sheet. In the figure, the term "fusushi" refers to all the compositions except the endosperm. ).

After addition of water, the wheat grain that has been conditioned for 24 to 48 hours is slightly dried as compared to the endosperm, so 30 minutes to 1 minute of crushing to further strengthen the wheat flour A method is used in which 0.25% to 0.5% of water is added to the grain before the time so that the moisture content of the wheat portion is slightly higher than that of the endosperm portion.

It is then ground by a roll machine,
The endosperm part cannot be completely taken out only by passing it once, and it is usually necessary to pass the roll machine 5 to 7 times.
The first time is called No. 1 braking, and subsequently it is called No. 2 braking, No. 3 braking. In order to improve the extraction yield of good-quality wheat flour, it is necessary to remove the endosperm portion as coarse particles as possible from the epidermis, and to remove the endosperm portion.
I need number 4 braking. The crushed product crushed by each breaking is sieve-selected, and the remaining fusal portion of the endosperm remaining on the sieve mesh is sequentially crushed by a rolling machine, and further,
Particles are made smaller during repeated extraction of the endosperm part in Nos. 4 to 7 braking, but since the mixing ratio of the fusible part becomes high gradually, the shape of the roll used for each braking, It is not easy to select the optimum dedicated roll for each braking or the operating method.

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

As described above, sieve screening is performed for each braking, and the flour remaining in the endosperm part is extracted by sequentially braking the pulverized product remaining on the net, but the endosperm part and the wheat part are completely separated. However, the effect of the crushing action by the roll for each braking is slightly larger in the endosperm part than in the fusal part, and the endosperm part is sieve-sorted according to the characteristic that the particles are slightly finer.
Although some endosperm parts are collected, the difference in characteristics between the fusible part and the remaining endosperm part is similar until the latter stage of braking, and the mixing ratio of the same size fusal part in the particles extracted as the endosperm part Therefore, in order to improve the extraction yield rate of the endosperm part, how to completely separate the wheat part and the endosperm part, and how to generate crushed grains by milling It is a technical theme how to prevent this, improve the yield rate, facilitate crushing in the crushing process, and improve the secondary processability of the flour.

The present invention focuses on the above technical theme, and although there are differences in its components depending on the variety or production area of wheat, the aleurone layer existing at the boundary between the epidermis and the endosperm is layered on the bottom. The number depends on whether it belongs to the endosperm or not, but since the proportion of the fusuma is generally 12 to 17%, the necessary amount of the epidermis is removed and processed in the pretreatment stage of crushing wheat, In the method of crushing the endosperm part in the next step, without refining the raw wheat to be refined, the endosperm part is peeled and removed while the tough tissue remains in a state of strong tissue, and the ash content of the defective component mixed in the fusible part is removed. After removing the harmful substances mixed in the product by removing it in advance, the crushing work is facilitated, and the crushing is performed after the tempering is performed to improve the secondary processability of the flour. Achieve a significant quality improvement over the product At the same time, it aims to improve the yield rate of products. That is, the extraction yield of wheat flour when tempering and crushing raw wheat is usually 73 to 78%,
If even crushed barley can be greatly reduced by the barley treatment, it is possible to process refined barley at a significantly higher yield than raw barley.

[Means for solving problems]

In order to achieve the above technical theme, the present invention refines raw barley and peels off its epidermis to produce refined barley, and this refined barley has a water content of 14 to 20%. After that, it was crushed into wheat flour, and then taken.

[Work]

Refined raw barley, with respect to the refined white barley grain from which the fusal portion has been peeled off, so that the water content of the barley is any value between 14 and 20%, a tempering treatment is performed by adding the required amount of water and leaving it to stand. Water is evenly permeated into the deep part of the endosperm to soften the endosperm and then crushed.

〔Example〕

An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

FIG. 1 shows the whole of one embodiment of the present invention, in which reference numeral 1 indicates a barley step, reference numeral 2 indicates a refining process, and reference numeral 3 indicates a crushing step.

An elevator 5 for supplying raw wheat, for example wheat, is connected to a humidifying device 6, and an outlet of a stirring trochanter 7 of the humidifying device 6 has a lower hopper of an elevator 8 for supplying wheat grains to a supplying hopper 10 of a grinding type grain refiner 11. 9 is connected. Grinding type barley machine 11
The outlet 12 of the feed hopper 15 of the friction type barley machine 16 in the next process
The barley process 1 is connected to the lower hopper 13 of the elevator 14 that supplies the grain of wheat to form the barley process 1 arranged in series. The outlet 17 of the friction type barley machine 16 is connected to the water addition unit 20 of the water addition device 19 via the elevator 18, and a rotary valve 21 for quantitatively discharging the wheat grains is provided below the water addition unit 20. The process refining device 22 is connected via an elevator 23. The crusher 24 is connected to the refining device 22 via an elevator 25, and the crusher 24 is a crushing roll 26 rotating in opposition.
It is a first stage crusher of crushing process 3 equipped with A and 26B, and the crushing step 3 is usually a crusher of 7 to 8 stages and a classifier (not shown) for classifying the wheat grains crushed by each crusher. Consists of
The transportation of wheat during that time is performed by an air transportation device (not shown). Reference numerals 27A and 27B are tempering heaters equipped in the water addition device.

An air shutoff valve 69 is provided in the wheat grain supply section 68 of the tempering device 22 for leaving the barley grain watered by the water addition apparatus 19 and a similar air shutoff valve 71 is provided in the wheat grain discharge section 70. In some cases, the air conditioning device 22 has an airtight structure, and an air pressurizing device 72 is provided to pressurize the inside of the humidity control device 22 to atmospheric pressure or higher. It is also possible to provide the air pressurizing device 27 in a structure in which the water adding device 19 and the refining device 22 are integrated.

The barley process 1 is a general process in which a barley machine is mainly used and a humidifier or the like is provided in the barley machine itself or in a previous process of the barley machine. The main milling machines are the grinding type milling machine 11 and the friction type milling machine 16
There are ones each having a porous wall bran removal cylinder, one having a ventilation whitening cylinder, or one having a water addition device.

The grinding type barley machine 11 will be described with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3.

Inside the machine frame 28 of the grinding type baring machine 11, a bran-removing white tube 29 having a porous wall is provided side by side, and a tubular rotary shaft 30 rotatably mounted on the spiral rotor 31 and the abrasive grains are fired and bonded. Formed grinding trochanter 32
And are mounted inside the above-mentioned debranched white barrel 29. In addition, providing the polishing trochanter 33 in a part of the discharge side of the grinding trochanter 32,
A jet port may be provided on the tubular rotary shaft 30 to blow the air from the inside of the grinding roller 32.

An air suction chamber 34 is formed between one side of the machine frame 28 and the whitening cylinder 29, and a half of the other side is formed in the air discharge chamber 35, and the air intake chamber 34 is detachably provided on the side wall of the machine frame 28. The inspection door 37 is provided with a porous air intake wall 36. Then, a shielding plate 38 for preventing the exposure of the bran powder from the porous wall is attached to the upper half part of the bran removal whitening tube 29 on the side of the air suction chamber 34, and the whitening tube 29A for sucking air is provided on the side of the exhaust chamber 35. The debulking sugar polishing white tubes 29 are formed in the exhaust air cleaning white tubes 29B, respectively, and the lower part of the exhaust air cleaning white tubes 29B is in contact with the collecting rice bran 39, and the crushing guide gutter 40 provided at the bottom of the air suction chamber 34 The bottom of is connected to a crushed grain recovery window 42 opened in a partition plate 41 of the collecting bran gutters 39A and 39B.

Next, the structure of the friction type barley machine 16 will be described with reference to FIG.

Inside the machine frame 49 of the friction-type malting machine 16, a bran-removing white tube 50 having a porous wall is provided horizontally, and a spiral rotor 52 and a friction-whitening rotor 53 are axially mounted on a tubular rotary shaft 51 rotatably mounted. Then, the raw rice bran polishing tube 50 is internally provided, and the raw material supply section 55 is provided on one side of the whitening chamber 54 formed by the bran removal white tube 50 and the friction polishing white trochanter 53, and is provided on the other side. The discharge part 56 is provided with a resistance plate 57 and a resistance control device 58. A large number of through holes 59 are bored in the rotary shaft 51, and the collecting bran gutter 60 is installed in the lower part of the whitening chamber 54 through the ventilation groove 53a provided in the friction whitening trochanter 53 and the bran removal whitening pipe 50. The end portion of the collecting bran gutter 60 is connected to an air exhauster (not shown) via a bran dust transport pipe.

It is also possible to attach the humidifying device 6B to the friction type baring machine 16 to form the moistening and baring machine. That is, the tubular rotary shaft 51
A two-flow ultrasonic nozzle 62 is provided on one side end 61, and the water absorption pipe 63 side of the ultrasonic nozzle 62 is connected to a water tank 65 via an electromagnetic valve 64 having a water addition amount adjusting function, On the other hand, the air supply pipe 66 side is connected to the air pressurizer 67, and the water suction pipe 63, the air supply pipe 66 and the ultrasonic nozzle 62 are connected to the polishing chamber 54 through the rotary shaft 51, the through hole 59, the ventilation groove hole 53a and the like. Water addition device 6B
It is built in.

 The operation of the above embodiment will be described below.

The raw wheat is supplied from the elevator 5 to the humidifier 6, water is added as necessary, and the mixture is stirred by the stirring rotator 7 and transferred to the grinding type grain brewing machine in the first step. The addition of water by the humidifying device 6 has an action of moistening and softening only the base of the epidermis so as not to reach the endosperm and facilitating the separation of the base, and a short-time treatment is required.

The wheat grains discharged from the humidifying device 6 are supplied to the supply hopper 10 of the grinding type milling machine 11 as the first machine via the elevator 8. When the wheat grain detection sensor 43 detects that the raw wheat grains have been supplied to the supply hopper 10 (see FIGS. 2 and 3), and sends the detection signal to a control device (not shown), this control device The air cylinder 44 is actuated by the output signal from to open the on-off valve 45. Wheat grain is a spiral trochanter
The wheat grains transported from the supply unit 46 to the grinding trochanter 32 side by 31 and flowing toward the discharge unit 12 in the whitening chamber 47 have a thin skin portion by the grinding trochanter 32 formed by firing and bonding abrasive grains. It is peeled off. The peeled bran powder is removed from the bran removal white tube 29, and the wheat grains flow out of the discharge unit 12 to the outside of the machine. Since the degree of peeling of the barley grain skin is related to the variety and properties of the barley grain, it is adjusted by increasing or decreasing the grain density in the milling chamber 47 by a resistance control device or the like.

In the whitening action of the grinding type grain refiner 11, moisture is added directly to the wheat grains flowing in the whitening chamber 47 by the humidifier 6A (see FIG. 1) to soften the wheat grain epidermis to facilitate peeling of the epidermis. In some cases, the added moisture may be removed together with the peeled bran powder to the outside of the polishing chamber 47 in a short time before reaching the discharge portion. In this way, a humidifying device having the same action as the humidifying device 6 may be formed. By using 6A in any grinding type barley 11,
Since only the base of the epidermis is softened without affecting the endosperm part of the wheat grain, the peeling action does not reach the endosperm part even if the whitening chamber 47 has a high density and high pressure, and the product yield is reduced. It doesn't reach.

The grain that has been milled to a desired degree of milling with the grinding-type miller 11 is
Transferred to the friction-type barley machine 16 via the elevator 14.
Also in the friction type brewing machine 16, the grain is whitened almost in the same manner as the grinding type brewing machine 11, but the action is slightly different because the structure of the whitening trochanter 53 and the whitening chamber 54 is different from the grinding type brewing machine 11. (See Fig. 4). Since the friction type baring machine 16 is a so-called low-speed rotary pressure system, it has an action of removing a wheat portion having a deep groove in the grain which cannot be removed by the grinding type baring machine 11. The friction-type milling machine 16 is provided with a humidifying device 6B, and water is added for the purpose of wiping off the bran powder adhering to the surface of the wheat grain, and the moisture is formed at the same time as the bran powder is removed outside the fine-walled cylinder of the porous wall. There are cases. In this case, it is almost at the end of milling, and it is effective to use the friction-type milling machine 16 with a low load in order to remove the fumes that remain vertically in the grain.

In this way, the grain that has been refined will be lifted.
It is supplied to the water addition device 19 via 18. Water addition device
At 19, an appropriate amount of water from the water tank 74 is supplied together with the airflow generated by the blower 73. In order to remove most of the wheat flour without producing crushed barley grains, the water content of the milled barley grains after milling is 13% or less, and the amount of water necessary for milling the milled barley grains (moisture content 14 to 20%) is added by a water addition device 19 and transferred to a tempering device 22 and allowed to stand until the added water approaches an equilibrium state. The refined barley grain does not have a waxy layer of the epidermis, which is seen in the original barley, and the permeation rate of water is higher than that of the original barley and the standing time is shorter. Further, when the air pressurizing device 72 pressurizes the air above atmospheric pressure, the water permeation rate increases and the refining device can be downsized.

The wheat grains, which have been subjected to the tempering treatment by uniformly permeating water into the inner part, are conveyed to the crushing step 3 by the elevator 25, and the endosperm part thereof is smoothly crushed by the crushing rolls 26A and 26B of the crusher 24. .

〔The invention's effect〕

Since the method for milling wheat according to the present invention is as described above, the following remarkable effects can be obtained. That is, without performing the tempering treatment with the raw barley, since it was the step of performing the refining treatment on the refined white barley grain of the raw barley, the endosperm part was crushed by brewing the barley that has not been moistened and softened. The generation of wheat is minimized, and the tempering time before crushing is significantly shortened as compared with the raw wheat, so that a product with high yield and high quality can be processed.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is an overall view of an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a side sectional view showing the whole of a grinding type barley, and FIG. 3 is a part showing a main part of FIG. FIG. 4 is a sectional front view showing the entire hydro-friction type barley machine. 1 ... barley process, 2 ... tempering process,
3 ... Crushing process, 4 ... Hopper, 5 ... Elevator, 6,6A, 6B ... Humidifying device, 7 ... Stirring trochanter, 8 ... Elevator, 9 ... Lower hopper, 10 ... Supply hopper, 11 …… Grinding type barley machine, 12 …… Discharge port, 13 …… Lower hopper, 14 …… Elevator, 15 …… Supply hopper, 16
...... Friction type barley machine, 17 …… Exhaust port, 18 …… Elevator, 19 …… Moisture adding device, 20 …… Moisture adding unit, 21 …… Rotary valve, 22 …… Refining device, 23 …… Elevator, 24 …… Crusher, 25 …… Elevator, 26A, 26B …… Crushing roll, 2
7A, 27B …… Heater for temperature control, 28 …… Machine frame, 29 …… Bran for removing bran, 30 …… Tubular rotary shaft, 31 …… Spiral rotor, 32 …… Grinding rotor, 33 …… Grinding roller Child, 34 ... Suction chamber, 35 ... Exhaust chamber,
36 …… Inspection door, 37 …… Perforated wall, 38 …… Shrouding plate, 39 …… Collecting gutter, 40 …… Granulation guide gutter, 41 …… Partition plate, 42 …… Granule collection window, 43 …… Wheat grain detection sensor, 44 …… air cylinder, 45 …… open / close valve, 46 …… supply unit, 47 …… whitening room, 48…
… Resistance control device, 49 …… Machine frame, 50 …… Peeling bran removal tube, 51…
… Tubular rotary shaft, 52 …… Spiral trochanter, 53 …… Frictional white trochanter,
54 …… whitening room, 55 …… raw material supply section, 56 …… discharge section, 57…
… Resistor plate, 58 …… Resistance control device, 59 …… Through hole, 60 …… Collect gutter, 61 …… One side end, 62 …… Ultrasonic nozzle, 63 …… Water absorption pipe, 64 …… Solenoid valve , 65 …… water tank, 66 …… air supply pipe, 67…
… Air pressurizer, 68 …… Supply unit, 69 …… Air shutoff valve, 70…
… Wheat grain discharge part, 71 …… air shutoff valve, 72 …… air pressurizing device, 73 …… blower, 74 …… water tank.

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A method of brewing raw barley, moistening the white barley from which the epidermis has been peeled off so that the water content thereof is an arbitrary value of 14 to 20%, and then pulverizing it to obtain flour. How to mill. 2. The method for milling wheat according to claim 1, wherein the wheat is milled to a milled white yield of 95% or less. 3. The method for milling wheat according to claim 1, wherein the tempering treatment is carried out under a pressure higher than atmospheric pressure. 4. The method for milling wheat according to any one of claims (1) to (3), wherein the tempering treatment is a temperature regulating treatment.