JPH02169045A - Method and device for moistening and milling barley grains - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enhance the yield of albumen part at a time of milling by adding water to the grains of barley at a specified rate and thereafter performing a quality conditioning stage within a specified time and then milling the grains of barley by pounding with a grinding type barley milling machine. CONSTITUTION:Water is added to the grains of barley at 0.5-4% weight ratio therefor in a hydrating device 31A. Further quality conditioning is performed for the hydrated grains of barley for 5-30 minutes in a quality conditioning storage device 50. Furthermore barley milling is performed after quality conditioning in the grinding type barley milling machines 5A-5D. As a result, an albumen is prevented from being discharged together with bran to the outside of the machines and yield thereof can be enhanced.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Field of Application] The above invention relates to the process of milling wheat, etc., and particularly relates to hydrated and refined wheat grains.

[Conventional technology]

Generally, when preparing flour from wheat, a method is used in which only the endosperm of the wheat is removed in stages so as not to damage the outer husk as much as possible, and this endosperm is successively finely ground.

In other words, the impurities contained in the raw wheat are first removed. The outside of the endosperm, which is a necessary characteristic of wheat, is surrounded by a skin made of several layers, and this skin is removed and only the floating part of the embryo is collected. For this purpose, the wheat is tempered by adding water, making the skin tough and the endosperm soft before being ground.

Grinding is called a grinding process, and tempered wheat is crushed in several stages of roll machines, and the endosperm is extracted as coarse grains. While being crushed by this roll d, the endosperm part is classified by a sieve provided in the subsequent process of the roll machine, and the mixed skin part is removed, and the endosperm part is crushed by a crushing roll to collect the desired wheat flour.

However, in the above-mentioned conventional technology, there is no wheat polishing process. In other words, when tempered wheat is crushed with rolls, most of the endosperm part is crushed and released from the skin part, but some of the endosperm part becomes crushed grains together with the skin part, and these go through several stages to the final process of the roll machine. The powder that adheres to the skin during classification using a sieve is discharged from the machine together with the skin.

Therefore, in the above-mentioned conventional technology, the collection rate of wheat flour with relatively few skin parts, that is, the yield, is about 75%, and it is desired to improve the yield. Some products include a barley polishing process as a pre-processing process. For example, in Japanese Patent No. 86671, there is a method in which the raw material wheat, which has been given a small amount of moisture to the extent that it permeates subcutaneously in order to soften the outer skin of the wheat grain, is passed through a friction ring connected in series. , which grinds and grinds barley. As another example, Japanese Patent No. 205448 discloses that after a waterless grinding system consisting of one or more machines grinds, the grinding is performed by a mixed water grinding machine consisting of one or more machines. Furthermore, in Japanese Patent Publication No. 33-64, there is a waterless grinding type with polishing remover d! Mixed water friction with Q Seiki and polishing bran removal equipment 1
This system is designed to alternately and repeatedly combine and circulate q-query machines. For the above items, remove most of the skin before grinding, reduce the amount of skin mixed in when crushing and classifying with a sieve in the grinding process, and remove the skin during the grinding process. The aim was to reduce the burden on milling, and therefore to improve the yield of flour milling.

[Problems with conventional technology]

In the prior art cited in the prior art document, friction milling has a higher pressure in the milling chamber than grinding S milling, and more crushed grains are generated, and the endosperm adheres to the crushed grains, resulting in the above-mentioned grinding process. The result was similar to that of crushing using a roll machine in the crushing process. This is because even if the wheat is anhydrous or has water added to the hull, the pressure in the milling part is high, so the occurrence of crushed grains is unavoidable. In addition, a waterless grinding machine and a mixed water friction type V
(First of all, waterless grinders have low internal pressure in the grinding chamber and are used for grinding hard leather surfaces.
Even if it is possible to remove the wheat, it is not effective in removing the skin, and instead ends up damaging the skin and crushing the wheat. Further, the mixed water friction type is as described in detail above, and although the mixed water during friction polishing has a cooling effect on the heat generated during polishing, no other effects can be expected. The purpose of the combination of grinding and friction is to damage the surface of the wheat by grinding and make it easier to remove the skin by friction, but unlike rice grains, the surface is soft and waxy, and the interior is soft. It is a well-known fact that wheat with high hardness has a great effect, but it is not suitable for wheat with a hard outer skin and soft endosperm.

As described above, there is a desire to develop a wheat polishing method that is not only highly effective in removing the skin in the wheat milling process before the grinding process, but also contributes to improving the yield of the endosperm part during milling.

(Means for Solving Problems) In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a tempering process in which 0.5% to 4% moisture is added to wheat grains based on the grain weight M ratio. The problem was solved by a wheat grain polishing method in which the wheat grains were milled using a grinding type miller.

Furthermore, in the present invention, there is provided a water adding device for adding 0.5% to 4% moisture to the wheat grain based on the wheat grain type 0 ratio, and a conditioning device 71 for tempering the watered wheat grain for at least 5 minutes and within 30 minutes. The problem was solved by combining a storage device and a grinding type milling machine that processes the malt after tempering.

[For production]

Add 0.5% to 4% water to the wheat skin at room temperature.
If you add more than ¥, the hard skin part will absorb water and become soft, but by adding a small amount of water over a period of time and tempering for 5 minutes to 30 minutes, most of the water will be absorbed into the soft endosperm part. It is something that cannot be done. Therefore, the skin is gradually removed in a soft state using several grinding-type wheat milling machines with low milling pressure, resulting in a wheat yield of 90% and streak-like bran remaining only in the grain grooves of the wheat. This means that the mixing rate of ash such as bran during the grinding process is greatly reduced. The wheat from which most of the skin has been removed is tempered by adding a small amount of moisture to optimize the moisture content and the distribution of moisture within the grain, and then sent to the grinding process. In the grinding process, only the streaky bran remaining in the grain grooves of the wheat are separated from the ground grains using a sieve. In other words, the endosperm without bran becomes granular, but the streaky bran remains almost streak-like and is clearly classified from other granular endosperm, and the endosperm without waste is recovered.

〔Example〕

First, in the wheat polishing method of the present invention, the difference between the grinding method and the friction method when water-tempered wheat grains and water-free wheat grains are polished using a grinding type wheat mill and a friction type wheat mill, respectively, will be clarified. In other words, as mentioned above, the generation of crushed grains is the reason why the milling yield does not improve, but Table 1 shows the occurrence of crushed grains in refined grains and bran in refined barley due to the difference in the milling method described above, in terms of the crushed grain content in refined grains and bran. . The grain yield of the sample Fl wheat used in the test was 90% for the brands of grain, N, S, and milling. In the hydrothermal refining, 1% water was added based on the weight of the raw material.

Table 1 As shown in Table 1, there is a clear difference between the grinding method and the friction method for wheat refining, and the effectiveness of grinding the wheat after water conditioning has been demonstrated.

Next, Tables 2 to 4 show the relationship between tempering time and motor output (work amount) when grain wheat grains with different tempering times are milled using a grinding type wheat mill. .

The sample containers used for testing here are as follows.

Brand of raw hide: D, N, S Moisture: 12% Ash content: 1.78% For reference, refined wheat from raw hide that is not tempered with water is also shown. Furthermore, the conditions other than the above are as follows: Motor rating: 18,5K W, 200V current @-1000K (J/Hr(A)
) Raw hides that are not tempered with water The three examples in Table 2 and above were all milled with the goal of achieving a yield of 90%. A summary of these results is shown in Table 5.

(B) Tempering for 10 minutes after adding 1% water Table 3 (C) 1
% tempering for 1 hour after adding water In Table 4 and Table 5, the conditions for refined barley ([3)] are the most efficient. This is because during tempering after adding water, the skin of the wheat becomes soft for a short period of time, and moisture does not penetrate into the endosperm inside.

However, if tempering is carried out for a long time as in C), the moisture absorbed in the skin will penetrate into the internal endosperm over time, and conversely, the skin will become hard and the endosperm will become soft, which is not suitable for the conditions of refined barley. The raw hide is unsuitable. Here, it was revealed that the effectiveness of hydrothermal conditioning is to add 1% water to the raw hide to the raw hide weight solids ratio and conduct tempering for 10 minutes.

Next, water of 1% based on the weight of the hide was added to the hide and tempered for 10 minutes, and then the M barley was crushed in a grinding process using a grinding type wheat mill, and the refined product 0 was classified using a sieve. Bran (ash content)
The graph in Table 6 shows the content rate of each fine product yield.

In this case, the brand of the raw material to be tested was WW, and all the normal tensing before the grinding process was done. here,
(2) The mixing rate of ash to the milling yield of wheat in a general flour mill and (2) The mixing rate of ash to the refined product yield of this example and 0M ohs were specified and compared.

As is clear from this graph, the ash contamination rate in this example is lower than in any other example, and it is clear that the removal of bran by the vii barley process greatly contributes to improving the refined product yield.

As mentioned above, the hydrothermal conditioning of the raw hide and grinding-type refined barley work effectively in the grinding process that follows the milling process, reducing the bran (ash) mixed in the ground endosperm grains and producing high-purity refined products with a high yield. can be produced.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the wheat polishing process of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

The wheat polishing process 1 consists of a plurality of grinding type wheat mills 5△ to 5D, and a fried grain 16 conveys the wheat grains to each of the grinding type wheat mills 5A to 5D.
A to 6D are attached respectively. Figures 2 and 3 are a front view and a partially cutaway side sectional view of the grinding type barley mill 5△, in which a bran removal and whitening cylinder 8 with a porous wall is installed horizontally in the upper part of the machine frame 7; In the bran polishing cylinder 8, a grinding and polishing trochanter 10 (for example, formed by firing and bonding abrasive grains) is rotatably attached to a partially hollow main shaft 9, and the grinding and polishing trochanter 10 and the bran removal polisher are attached. A gap with the cylinder 8 is formed in the whitening chamber 11. Further, on the main shaft 9, a spiral rotor 13 is attached to the supply port 12 side, and a grinding rotor 15 is attached to the discharge port 14 side. A drilled blowhole 17 is formed. The shaft part of the grinding rotor 15 of the main shaft 9 is made hollow, and a through hole 18 is provided in the peripheral wall thereof, and the feeding FAti 119 provided below the bran removing and polishing cylinder 8 and the main shaft 9 are made hollow.
It is in communication with the hollow part of the air pipe 20 through a ventilation pipe 20. Also,
The supply port 12 has a shutter plate 22 that is opened and closed by an air cylinder 21, the discharge port 14 has a resistance plate 23 that biases it toward the milling chamber 11, and the end of the main shaft 9 has a main electric motor (not shown). Another pulley 2 is interlocked and connected by a V-belt 24.
5 are each installed. In addition, a wheat grain presence/absence detection sensor 26 is provided at the supply port 12, and this wheat grain presence/absence detection sensor "
In some cases, the air cylinder 21 is actuated (contracted) and the shutter plate 22 is opened in response to a signal from which the -26 detects the presence of "dead particles".

Below the IIM white cylinder 8 in the machine frame 7, there is a rice bran potsper 27.
A and 27B are provided connected to the removal II chamber 28, and the lower ends of the bran collecting hoppers 27Δ and 27B are connected to a duct 30 whose one end is connected to two suction fans.

Returning to FIG. 1 again, at the beginning of the wheat polishing process 2, a water addition device 31A and a tempering tank 5o are provided. That is, stirring is performed between the supply gutter 32 and the fried grains 16△.
A transverse gutter 34 with a spiral 33 inside is installed horizontally, and a water addition section 36 with an ultrasonic nozzle 35 facing is formed in the transverse gutter 34, and the ultrasonic nozzle 35 is connected to a water tank 38 via a water pipe 37.
connected to. A heater 39 may be attached to the water pipe 37 in some cases.

Further, the horizontal feed gutter 34 is located above the refining tank 50 at gz +t. A shutter plate 53 is provided at the discharge port 55 at the bottom of the tempering tank 50, and may be configured to listen to the shutter Fi 53 when the air cylinder 54 is operated. A cross-feeding gutter 51 is installed at the discharge port 55 at the bottom of the tempering tank 50, and is connected to the grain frying process 6A.

Moisture addition device 31 is installed in each of the grinding type precision 115B to 5D.
B is attached. That is, the hollow main shaft 9 (rJ
HilJfif White Uko 11,! :Bouley-251111 (with a closed part near the boundary with the li trochanter 15)
An ultrasonic nozzle 40 faces the end of the frontage, and the ultrasonic nozzle 40 is connected to a water tank 42 via a water pipe 46 and to an air pipe 4.
3 to the air pressurization 144, respectively. A blow ring groove 59 is appropriately formed in the ground and polished trochanter 10, and the blow ring groove 59 is formed by a large number of through holes (not shown) drilled in the main shaft 9.
communicate with.

In addition, a supply hopper 45 is provided above each supply port 12 of the grinding type barley mills 5A to 5D, and each supply hopper 45 and fried grains 16A to 6D are connected to chute vibrators 46A to 46D.
Connected by 6D.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be explained.

Raw material wheat (sometimes classified according to size) from which foreign substances and foreign particles have been removed, for example, wheat, is fed into the transverse feed gutter 34 of the water addition device 31A through the feed gutter 32, and is fed into the water addition section 36. In the step, water is added to the fine particles from the ultrasonic nozzle 35, and the fine particles reach the tempering tank 50 while being stirred. Cross feed gutter 3
The raw barley to which water has been added in step 4 is moistened and softened in a tempering tank 5° as moisture permeates only the skin of the wheat grains. In addition, when the heater 39 is ONL and the hot and humid air is used, the epidermis is softened more reliably in a short time even if the amount of moisture is reduced. In the tempering tank 50, the raw Fl wheat is subjected to dark stirring for 5 to 30 minutes to homogenize the moisture content of the wheat grain skin.

The wheat grains whose skin has been moistened and softened flow from the discharge part of the fried grains 116A through the stop pipe 46A into the supply hopper 45, and when the wheat grain presence detection sensor 26 detects the presence of wheat grains, the air The cylinder 21 contracts and the shutter plate 22 opens. Wheat grains flowing down from the supply port 12 are sent into the milling chamber 11 by the spiral trochanter 13,
The moistened and softened skin of the wheat grain is peeled off by the grinding M white trochanter 10 rotating at high speed. The wheat grains in the milling chamber 11 are milled as air taken in from the air intake part 60 formed on the wall of the machine frame 7 flows in from the bottom of one side of the milling tube 8 and flows out near the bottom of the other side. Facilitates upward flow of the chamber,
Wheat grains that tend to accumulate at the bottom of a whitening chamber 11 are uniformly flowed throughout the whitening chamber 11, and the grinding action of a grinding whitening trochanter 10 is efficiently and evenly applied.

After the skin of the wheat grain is peeled off by the grinding and whitening trochanter 10, the grains are not stirred by the protrusions 76 of the grinding trochanter 15, and the adhering particles on the surface of the wheat grain are removed by the blast from the injection hole 17. be done. The bran powder peeled off in this way is removed by the suction fan 29
Due to the air flow generated by the above, the rice bran leaks from the rice bran polishing cylinder 8 to the waste removal chamber 28, passes through the duct 30 from the rice bran collection hoppers 27A and 27B, is separated from the air by a cyclone (not shown), and is collected in the rice bran room, etc. .

Wheat grains discharged from the discharge port 14 of the grinding type wheat mill 5Δ are supplied to the supply hopper 45 of the grinding type wheat 1f15B via the fried grains 16B and the chute vibrator 46B. and,
Similar to the grinding type v1 barley machine 5△, the epidermis of the wheat grain is further peeled off in the milling process ¥11, but the grinding type barley machine 1
5B to 5D are equipped with a moisture adding device 31B, and the wet air jetted from the ultrasonic nozzle 40 flows out from the through hole provided in the main shaft 9 through the hollow part of the main shaft 9, and is further added to the grinding and refined trochanter 10. Water is ejected into the milling chamber 11 from the jet width surface 59, and water is added to the surface of the wheat grains flowing in the milling chamber 11. As soon as the surface of the wheat grains becomes moist and softened, the surface of the grain is immediately removed by the grinding milling trochanter 10. Since the wheat grain is peeled off, water does not penetrate deep into the inner layer of the wheat grain, and the easily peeled skin part is removed from the machine as bran powder along with the added water. Grinding type wheat 115B
-5D as well, when the heater 39 generates warm and humid air, the time for moistening and softening the epidermis can be shortened.

In this way, the wheat grains that have passed through the grinding process 11'5D become polished wheat from which most of the skin has been removed.

In the above embodiment, the wheat polishing process 1 was entirely composed of the grinding type wheat mills 5A to 5D, but the final grinding type wheat machine 5
After D, or in place of the grinding method 115D, a main shaft 6 made hollow inside a bran removal polishing cylinder 61 having a porous wall.
2 can be rotated freely (see Figure 4), and the main 4
At 162, a friction type wheat mill 65 formed by fixing a stirring rotor 63 and a spiral rotor 64 may be disposed. The friction type barley mill 65 has stirring protrusions 63 in the longitudinal direction of the stirring trochanter 63.
a, and a blowing groove 66 is opened along the stirring protrusion 63a to make the gap between the stirring trochanter 63 and the bran removal polishing cylinder 61 a polishing ff76, and the circumferential surface of the hollow main shaft 62 has a through hole. A large number of holes 67 are provided, and the ultrasonic nozzle 40 of the water addition device 1ff31B is exposed to the open end of the main shaft 62 (the other end is closed). Further, the supply section 68 includes a shutter plate 70 and a supply hopper 75 that operate in conjunction with the air cylinder 69, and the discharge section 71 includes an automatic resistance control device 7.
A resistive plate 73 connected to each of the two is installed, and a bran collecting hopper 74 is installed below the atomizer cylinder 61.

In this case, the wheat grains from which the epidermis has been almost completely removed by the grinding type wheat R5A, 5B, etc. are fed to the supply hopper 75.
It flows down through the supply section 68, is sent to the milling chamber 76 by the spiral trochanter 64, and in the milling chamber 76, which is adjusted to a relatively low pressure, water is added by wet air from the moisture addition section ff131B while being stirred by the stirring protrusion 63a. The grain-by-grain friction action completely wipes away the adhesion and remaining grains on the surface of the wheat grains.

[Effects of the Invention] According to the present invention, vi-selected wheat is hydrated and tempered with a small amount of water in the pre-polishing process, so that only the skin part becomes soft. Next, in several grinding machines, the skin is gradually removed in the milling chamber where the milling pressure is low. The refined wheat is sent to the grinding process, leaving only the bran in the grain grooves.

In other words, compared to wheat that is sent to the grinding process with the skin remaining as in the general flour milling process, milled barley with the bran () in the grain grooves remaining is The main task is to control the grinding particle size, and there is no need to control the gap between the rolls for crushing and opening the skin. In addition, bran does not adhere to the crushed grains generated in the roll machine, and no wasteful endosperm grains are generated. Therefore, there is no endosperm that is discharged outside the machine together with the bran, which has a great effect on improving the yield.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a front view of an embodiment of the wheat polishing process of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a partially enlarged front view of Fig. 1, Fig. 3 is a partially cutaway side view of Fig. 2, and Fig. 4 is a different embodiment. It is a partially enlarged front view of an example. 1... Refined barley process, 5A-5D... Grinding type barley, 6
A to 6D... Grain lifting machine, 7... Separate frame, 8... Bran removal polishing tube, 9... Main shaft, 10... Grinding and polishing trochanter, 11.
・・Silver white graduate, 12・・Supply port, 13・・Spiral trochanter,
14... Discharge port, 15... Grinding trochanter, 16... Protrusion, 17... Blower hole, 18... Ventilation hole, 19... Air blower, 20... Ventilation pipe, 21... Air cylinder, 22... Shutter plate, 23... Resistance plate, 24...
... V-belt, 25... Pulley 26... Wheat grain presence detection sensor 27.27△, 27B... Bran collecting hopper, 28... Bran removing room, 29... Air suction fan, 30
...Duct, 31A, 31B...Moisture addition device, 3
2... Supply gutter, 33... Stirring spiral, 34... Traverse gutter, 35... Ultrasonic nozzle, 36... Moisture addition section,
37... Water pipe, 38... Water tank, 3... Heater, 40... Ultrasonic nozzle, 41... Water pipe,
42...Water tank, 43...Air pipe, 44...
Air pressurizer, 45... Supply hopper, 46A to 46D
... Shoot vibe, 50... Conditioning tank, 51.
... Horizontal gutter, 53 ... Shutter plate, 54 ... Air cylinder, 55 ... Discharge port, 59 ... Blower ring groove,
60... Air intake part, 61... Bran removal polishing cylinder, 62...
...Main shaft, 63... Stirring trochanter, 64... Spiral trochanter,
65... Friction type barley mill, 66... Spraying groove, 67...
・Through hole, 68... Supply section, 69... Air cylinder, 70... Shutter plate, 71... Discharge section, 72
...Automatic resistance control device, 73...Resistance plate, 74...
- Bran hopper, 75... Supply hopper 76...
Semen room.

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) After adding water of 0.5% to 4% by weight of the wheat grains to the wheat grains, a tempering process is applied for 5 minutes to 30 minutes, and then the wheat grains are polished using a grinding type wheat mill. A method for hydrating and refining barley grains. (2) A water adding device that adds 0.5% to 4% water by weight of the wheat grain to wheat grains, a tempering storage device that tempers the watered wheat grains for 5 minutes to 30 minutes, and A hydrating barley milling device for wheat grains, characterized in that it is equipped with a grinding-type milling machine for milling barley after quality.