JPH08188923A - Sheath-core type conjugate fiber having projecting part on the surface - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To obtain the subject fiber having improved friction property with smooth projecting parts on the fiber surface and having specific luster and feeling by mixing spherical particles in the sheath component. CONSTITUTION: Spherical particles such as spherical silicone are mixed in a sheath component and preferably at least 1 piece/100 (μm)<2> of smooth projecting parts are existed on the fiber surface. A ratio of average particle diameter of the spherical particles Aμm to thickness of the sheath component Bμm; (A/B) is preferably 0.2-2.0 and spinning, drawing, false twisting and weaving or knitting are smoothly performed without generating any mechanical trouble.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a core-sheath type composite fiber having a novel surface, and more particularly to a novel core-sheath type composite fiber having convex portions on the fiber surface which is not present in conventional fibers.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Hitherto, it has been proposed to mix a fiber-forming polymer with a particulate inactive substance to improve gloss, dyeability and smoothness. However, when a large amount of inorganic fine particles are mixed, a fiber breakage is likely to occur during spinning, drawing, or false twisting due to the formation of convex portions on the fiber surface, or wear of production machinery increases, resulting in equipment damage or production. There is a problem that it causes deterioration of product quality and product quality.

Japanese Patent Publication No. 63-3048 discloses a thermoplastic fiber in which a polysulfone compound is added and mixed to form convex portions on the fiber surface. However, this thermoplastic fiber has a large decrease in mechanical performance because the additives are uniformly mixed throughout the fiber. Furthermore, the convex portions formed on the fiber surface have large irregularities in size, and the convex portions are also high. However, it is not sufficient to impart the fiber smoothness which is the object of the present invention.

[0004]

The object of the present invention is to improve the friction characteristics without spoiling the operability of spinning, drawing, false twisting, and weaving and to improve the friction characteristics and to obtain a unique gloss and texture. It is to provide a new synthetic fiber provided.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention is a composite fiber comprising a core and a sheath component, wherein the sheath component contains spherical particles,
A core-sheath type composite fiber in which convex portions are formed on the fiber surface by the spherical particles.

Examples of the fiber-forming synthetic polymer used in the conjugate fiber of the present invention include various polymers used in conventional synthetic fibers such as polyester, polyamide and polyolefin. The fiber-forming synthetic polymer is not limited to a homopolymer, but may be a copolymer with other components.

The fiber-forming synthetic polymer used in the present invention is
It is preferable to use a material in which the core-sheath constituents have affinity with each other and have good adhesiveness. In particular, the same kind of polymer is preferable for both the core-sheath component, but different polymers can be used as long as they have good mutual adhesiveness. For example, in the core-sheath same polymer, in the case of polyester, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polyethyleneoxybenzoate,
Homopolyesters such as polydimethylcyclohexane terephthalate and polypivalolactone, and copolymerization of these polyester components with isophthalic acid or sulfoisophthalic acid as the second acid component or propylene glycol, 1.4 butanediol as the second alcohol component, 1 Examples of the copolymer include hexanediol, polyethylene glycol, and polymethylene glycol. Examples of polyamides include nylon 6, nylon 66, nylon 610, nylon 11, nylon 12 and those copolymerized with these polyamide-forming components, and those copolymerized with other dicarboxylic acids or diamines. is there.

Examples in which the core / sheath constituents are different include those in which a copolymer polyester is used as the sheath component and a homopolyester is used as the core component in order to improve the polymer such as improving the dyeability. Further, nylon / polyester or the like can be used as the core component / sheath component due to the metachromaticity.

For the sheath component, it is necessary to use a polymer in which spherical particles are mixed in order to form convex portions on the fiber surface. The method of mixing the spherical particles with the polymer is not particularly limited. There are a method in which spherical particles are added and mixed immediately before the completion of polymerization to prepare chips, and a method in which a polymer and spherical particles are mixed into chips by a uniaxial or biaxial extrusion kneader.

The shape of the particles forming the protrusions must be spherical particles. By using the spherical particles, the surface of the convex portion becomes smooth, which brings about a good effect on the inter-fiber friction characteristics and the metal friction characteristics. Even when it is made of cloth, it gives a smooth slick feel, gives a unique texture, and improves drapeability. The spherical particles forming the protrusions may be made of any material, but silicon compounds are preferable in view of heat resistance, refractive index, light resistance, and abrasion resistance, and spherical silicone and spherical inorganic silica are more preferable. Silicone and inorganic silica may be mixed and used as the spherical particles.

The spherical particles preferably have an average particle size of 10 μm or less in the case of spherical silicone. If it exceeds 10 μm, the filtration pressure of the molten spherical particle mixed polymer in the spinneret pack increases during spinning, which shortens the life of the spinneret, and causes filament breakage to reduce spinnability. In the case of the inorganic silica, the metal friction is larger than that of the spherical silicone, the filtration pressure in the spinneret pack is easily increased, and the influence on the spin drawability is large, and the average particle diameter is preferably 0.1 to 5 μm. The average particle diameter A in the present invention means an average value of primary particle diameters.

In the present invention, since the spherical particles are present in a large amount on the sheath component side of the core-sheath composite structure, the number and height of the convex portions can be increased, so that the added particles are effectively used. . Any spherical particle has a sheath component of at least 0.5
It is preferable to contain it by weight%. When it is less than 0.5% by weight, the number of convex portions is small and the friction characteristic is not improved so much.

The core / sheath component ratio forming the composite fiber is 1
It is preferably from 1/1 to 10/1 (volume ratio). The sheath ratio is 1 /
When it is more than 1, the desired number of convex portions cannot be obtained unless the amount of spherical particles added is extremely increased, and the yarn quality such as strength, abrasion resistance and transparency is deteriorated. If the sheath component is less than 10/1, it is not possible to obtain a desirable number and shape of convex portions unless the amount of spherical particles is extremely small. The shape of the convex portion also becomes too large, the particles are likely to be peeled off and dropped due to friction, frictional wear to a metal or the like is likely to occur, and the spinnability and drawability is also deteriorated.

The number of convex portions formed on the fiber surface has a preferable range depending on the purpose, but for improving the friction characteristics (smoothness) of the fiber, for example, at least 1/100 on the fiber surface.
μm ² , more preferably 3 to 10/100 μm ² .

The number and shape of the convex portions of the present invention can be controlled not only by the content of the particles but also by setting the average particle diameter of the spherical particles and the thickness of the sheath portion. That is, the relationship between the average particle size Aμm of the composite fiber particles and the sheath thickness Bμm is 0.2 ≦ A /
B ≦ 2.0, preferably 0.3 ≦ A / B ≦ 1.5 is effective in improving the smoothness of the fiber.

The thickness B of the sheath component is, in the case of a concentric composite fiber having a circular cross section, between the intersection of the straight line passing through the center point of the fiber, the joining line of the core component and the sheath component, and the intersection of the fiber outline. Say the length. Further, in the case of a deformed or eccentric composite fiber,
The minimum distance between the boundary line between the core and the sheath and the fiber outline. FIG.
Is an example showing the thickness of the sheath component.

When A / B is less than 0.2, the convex shape formed on the fiber surface is not preferable, and the smoothness of the fiber is difficult to be obtained. When A / B exceeds 2.0, the number of convex portions is remarkably increased, and the particles in the sheath component are easily separated and dropped,
The smoothness, gloss, and color tone of the fibers change.

The fiber of the present invention may be used in combination with an antistatic agent, a flame retardant, a colorant, and a gloss modifier such as titanium oxide which are usually used as a general polymer modifier. In particular, a fluororesin agent,
The performance will be further enhanced by adding a silicone resin agent to the fiber.

[0019]

EXAMPLES Examples of the present invention will be described below, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Parts and% are parts by weight and% by weight, unless otherwise specified.

Example 1 Intrinsic viscosity [η] (phenol: tetrachloroethane = 6
Parts: measured at 20 ° C. in a mixed solvent of 4 parts. ) Is 0.6
A polyethylene terephthalate (bright) polymer of No. 4 and spherical silicone (KMP590 manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd., particle size: 1.9 μm) were kneaded at a concentration of 10% by weight, and a core of the polymer composition in which spherical silicone was not mixed was used as a sheath component. Each of them was melt-measured at 290 ° C. so as to have a core-sheath ratio (volume) of 1/1 used as a component, discharged from a core-sheath composite spinneret having a hole diameter of 0.25 mm and 24 holes at 290 ° C., and an oil agent was applied. 2. After obtaining a non-stretched yarn wound at 1000 m / min, heat is applied at 85 ° C. by a normal polyester twisting machine, and 3.
Extend 5 times and heat set at 150 ℃ to 730m / mi
A drawn yarn of 75 denier 24 filament was wound up with n.

The spinnability of the core / sheath ratio, the spherical silicone particle size / addition amount and the one using inorganic silica,
The convex number, FF (dynamic friction coefficient between fibers) and gloss of each drawn yarn are as shown in Table 1.

[0022]

[Table 1]

Comparative Example 1 The polyethylene phthalate used in Example 1 was kneaded with 5 wt% of titanium oxide (particle size 0.3 μm), which is usually used as a matting agent, and the polymer was melted at 295 ° C. The unstretched yarn was wound up in the same manner as in Example 1 and drawn at a draw ratio of 3.8 under the same temperature conditions to obtain a stretched yarn.

Comparative Example 2 Using the polyethylene terephthalate used in Example 1, 29
3. Melt at 5 ° C. and discharge from a single spinneret to obtain unwound unstretched yarn in the same manner as in Example 1, and draw ratio of 3. under the same temperature condition.
Drawing was carried out in No. 8 to obtain a drawn yarn.

The FFs of all the example products were lower than those of the comparative examples and were good. A surface photograph of the drawn yarn obtained in Example 1 is shown in FIG. 2, but a gentle convex portion is recognized. Comparative Example 2
No convex portion was observed on the surface of the yarn obtained in Step 1. Also,
Similarly, a cross-sectional photograph of the unstretched yarn is shown in FIG. 1. It can be seen that the spherical silicon added is dispersed and present in the sheath component of the fiber.

[0026]

According to the present invention, when spherical particles are mixed with the sheath component, smooth convex portions are formed on the fiber surface without spoiling the operability of spinning, drawing, false twisting and knitting. ,
In addition, it is possible to obtain a new synthetic fiber which eliminates mechanical troubles, reduces deterioration of yarn quality, improves friction characteristics, and imparts unique luster and texture.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a photograph (200 times) of a transverse cross section of an undrawn yarn obtained in Example 1 of the present invention, showing a fiber shape.

2 is a surface photograph (electron microscope 3000 times) of the drawn yarn obtained in Example 1, showing the shape of the fiber. FIG.

FIG. 3 is an example showing the thickness of a sheath component.

[Explanation of symbols]

 B Sheath thickness

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A core-sheath type composite fiber comprising a core component and a sheath component, wherein the sheath component contains spherical particles, and the spherical particles form a convex portion on the fiber surface. 2. The conjugate fiber according to claim 1, wherein the relationship between the average particle diameter A μm of the spherical particles and the thickness B μm of the sheath component is represented by the following formula. 0.2 ≦ A / B ≦ 2.0 3. Convex portions on the fiber surface are at least 1/100.
The composite fiber according to claim 1, wherein the composite fiber is present in an amount of μm ² . 4. The composite fiber according to claim 1, wherein the sheath component contains at least 0.5% by weight of spherical particles. 5. The composite fiber according to claim 1, wherein the spherical particles are spherical silicone and the average particle diameter is 10 μm or less. 6. A core component / sheath component ratio of 1/1 to 10 /
The composite fiber according to claim 1, which has a volume ratio of 1 (volume ratio).