JP2774857B2 - Different shrinkage multifilament mixed yarn and method for producing the same - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Industrial application field) The present invention relates to a heterogeneous shrinkage fiber system having extremely large bulkiness. More specifically, the present invention relates to a different shrinkage mixed fiber using composite fibers having different cross-sectional composite shapes.

(Prior art) Synthetic fiber filaments are widely used in the field of clothing and the like, but usually spun yarn (raw yarn) is far from the feeling of natural fibers and has a slimy feeling and lacks bulkiness. It has long been used as a variety of crimp-applied yarns including false twisting and so-called different shrinkage mixed yarns that impart bulkiness due to yarn length differences caused by differences in heat shrinkage. Is being done.

In such a different shrinkage mixed fiber, generally, the larger the difference in heat shrinkage between the low heat shrinkable yarn and the high heat shrinkable yarn, the more remarkable bulkiness can be obtained. For example, Japanese Patent Publication No. Sho 61-13009 discloses polyethene terephthalate alone. It describes that a low-shrink yarn composed of a component and a high-shrink yarn composed of a copolymerized polyethylene terephthalate component are mixed.

On the other hand, as a method of converting a synthetic fiber filament into a natural fiber-like one, besides the various bulking processes described above, there is a method of treating a polyester fiber with an alkali to obtain a silky feeling, and the like. Examples of the method using the method include those described in JP-B-55-22586.
However, with the use of ordinary synthetic fibers, it is not possible to obtain a feeling very close to natural fibers or a unique appearance. This is because the single yarns of the natural fibers have slightly different shapes and structures.

For this reason, Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication (Kokai) No. 59-100717 discloses that irregularity can be obtained by using a composite fiber in which two kinds of polymers are joined in a random shape. It is disclosed that a feeling of silk spinning is obtained by using a different shrinkage mixed fiber made of the composite fiber.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) However, in these conventional techniques, the difference in heat shrinkage is not yet sufficient. For example, in the fabric described in JP-A-63-243373, a silky tone and soft feeling There is a problem that the obtained product lacks a sense of swelling. This is due to the fact that the latent crimp rate is not sufficient even if the apparent crimp rate is large.

The present invention has been made to solve such a problem, and an object of the present invention is to provide a different shrinkage mixed fiber having a sufficient difference in heat shrinkage and an excellent bulkiness having a latent crimpability.

Another object is to provide a synthetic fiber yarn having an irregular single yarn shape and structure similar to natural fibers.

(Means for Solving the Problems) The present invention relates to a multifilament yarn composed of a composite filament in which two kinds of fiber-forming synthetic polymers having different affinity and different heat shrinkage rates are joined. The composite state of the two polymers in the cross section of the multifilament is substantially the same between all filaments, and the multifilament has a bonding ratio of the low heat shrinkage polymer and the high heat shrinkage polymer of 9: 1 to 2: The low heat shrinkage filament group in the range of 1 and the bonding ratio is 1: 9 to 1: 2
And a two-filament synthetic polymer having a mutual affinity and a different heat shrinkage, characterized by comprising a group of high heat shrinkage filaments in the range of After being melted separately to form two polymer streams, and then using a plurality of gear pumps corresponding to each polymer stream, the two polymer streams are supplied to a plurality of stationary kneading elements to form a composite state. Spinning from a plurality of spinnerets having six or more spinning holes, mixing the spun multifilaments, and varying the supply amount between a plurality of gyapumps corresponding to each polymer stream. This is a method for producing a different shrinkage multifilament mixed fiber.

In the present invention, the two types of fiber-forming synthetic polymers that form the composite filament have a mutual affinity such that the melting temperatures thereof are close to each other and peeling does not easily occur in a processing step or the like.
It is necessary to use a combination in which the heat shrinkage ratios are different from each other, and it is preferable to use a combination having different dyeing properties and dissolution rates in a solvent.

As a combination of such polymers, polyethylene terephthalate and a modified polyester obtained by copolymerizing polyethylene terephthalate with about 2 to 10 mol% of isophthalic acid or polyethylene terephthalate with polyethylene glycol of about 6 wt% and sulfoisophthalic acid of 4 mol%
Modified polyesters which have been copolymerized to a certain extent, and combinations of the above-mentioned modified polyesters, etc., are preferred, with the first combination being most preferred.

Next, the composite filament of the present invention is one in which the two kinds of fiber-forming synthetic polymers are randomly composited.
Here, "randomly compounded" means having a cross-sectional shape having the following characteristics.

The first feature of the shape is that the composite state of the two fiber-forming synthetic polymers is substantially dissimilar between all filaments. That is, as shown in FIG. 1 schematically showing an arbitrary cross-sectional shape of a multifilament yarn constituted by the composite filament, there is no combination of single yarn filaments having substantially the same cross-sectional shape. This is the same even if the cross section of any part of the present multifilament yarn is observed. However, the change of the cross-sectional shape of each single filament in the yarn axis direction is not related to the present invention and does not need to be particularly changed.

The above features are also possessed by the composite filament described in JP-A-59-100717, but the most important features in the present invention are as follows.

That is, the second feature of the shape is that the multifilament is roughly classified into two types of filament groups in which the low heat shrinkage polymer and the high heat shrinkage polymer are greatly different in bonding ratio from each other. Shrinkage filament 9:
1-2: 1, high heat shrinkage filaments ranging from 1: 9 to 1: 2, preferably from 4: 1 to 2: 1, 1: 4 and 1: 2.

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of such a composite yarn,
(P _L ) indicates a low heat shrinkage rate polymer, (P _H ) indicates a high heat shrinkage rate polymer, and FIG. 1 (L) shows a shape of a low heat shrinkage filament, and FIG. 1 (H) shows a shape of a high heat shrinkage filament. Is expressed.

As described above, the composite shape of each single filament is different among all the filaments. However, the bonding ratio of both component polymers is unified to two types within the range.

The ratio of the low heat shrinkage filament and the high heat shrinkage filament in the multifilament is preferably about 4: 1 to 2: 1.
You may mix about 20 weight%.

Different shrinkage mixed yarns composed of such mixed filaments exhibit remarkable bulkiness, but in order to further increase the effect, it is preferable that the cross-sectional shape of each single yarn filament be irregular. Examples of irregular cross sections include 3 to 10 multilobes, H-shape, Y-shape, L-shape, and flat shape.

Next, preferred embodiments of various modified cross sections will be described.

H-shaped: a filament composed of three flat filaments and having an H-shaped cross section, wherein the ratio of the short side to the long side of the cross section of the flat filament is 5 or more, and the flat filament at the center of the H shape The ratio of the long side of the cross section to the long side of the cross section of the other two flat filaments is 0.6 to 2, and the filament has a single-filament fineness of 1 to 10 denier. FIG. 2A shows an example of a cross section of the H-shaped filament.

Y-shape: three flat filaments are made continuous along the longitudinal direction, and in a filament having a Y-shaped cross section, the ratio of the short side to the long side of the cross section of the flat filament is 4 or more, and And a thermoplastic irregular cross-section filament having a single yarn fineness of 1 to 10 denier. FIG. 2 (B) shows an example of the cross section of the Y-shaped filament.

L-shape: A filament having an L-shaped cross section with a bending angle of 90 ° to 150 ° on the outer periphery, the ratio of the short side to the long side of the flat filament being 3 That is all for the schematic diagram shown in FIG.
A thermoplastic irregular-shaped filament having an H / L of 0.08 to 0.3, an H / H 'of 1.75 or less, and a single-filament fineness of 1 to 10 denier. FIG. 2 (C) shows an example of the cross section of the L-shaped filament.

Flat shape: The cross section of the filament is flat, the ratio of the length in the long axis direction to the length of the central portion in the short axis direction is 5 to 10, and the thermoplastic irregular cross section having a single yarn fineness of 1 to 10 denier. filament. FIG. 2 (D) shows an example of the cross section of the flat filament.

Such a different shrinkage multifilament mixed fiber yarn has an extremely large yarn length difference due to heat treatment such as dyeing and heat setting.
It exhibits bulkiness and the low heat shrinkage filament and the high heat shrinkage filament have a boiling water shrinkage of 6 to 8% and 30 to 50%, respectively, and the difference between the two exceeds 24%. In addition, the heat treatment makes the yarns have fine crimps in both low and high heat shrinkage filaments, unlike ordinary different shrinkage mixed fiber yarns.

 Next, the method of the present invention will be described.

In this method, the two fiber-forming synthetic polymers as described above are each separately melted into two polymer streams. Third
The figure is a schematic diagram showing the path of such a polymer flow. As shown in the figure, the two types of polymer streams are supplied to the base (2) using a plurality of (two in the figure) gear pumps (1a, 1d) and (1b, 1c), respectively.

What is important in the present method is to make the supply amounts between the gear pumps (1) different. That is, it is necessary that the supply amounts between the gear pumps (1a, 1d) corresponding to the polymer flow A and between the gear pumps (1b, 1c) corresponding to the polymer flow B are at least different from each other. Further, the supply amount may be varied among all the gear pumps (1a, 1b, 1c, 1d) in the figure, and in this case, yarns having different fineness as well as joining ratio are spun.

Although various means can be used as means for varying the gear pump supply amount, it is particularly preferable to control the gear pump (1) by a known inverter method. The control by the inverter method is suitable for the purpose of the present method because the supply amount can be changed easily and freely.

The spinneret (2) used in the present method is disclosed in JP-A-59-100717, and has a stationary kneading element and six or more spinning holes. Four are preferred. Further, the spinning hole is preferably of an irregular shape, and as described above, 3 to 10 multilobal, H-shaped, Y-shaped, L-shaped, flat, U-shaped and the like are particularly preferable.

As described in JP-A-59-100717, two kinds of polymer streams are supplied to the spinneret (2) to spin in a composite state. At this time, the gear pump (1a, 1
When the supply amount of c) was large and the supply amount of the gear pump (1b, 1d) was small, and the supply amount of the gear pump (1) corresponding to each polymer flow was different, the supply amount was supplied from the gear pump (1a, 1b). Combining polymer flow and thread H from the die (2a, 2b)
Is combined with the polymer stream supplied from the gear pump (1c, 1d) to spin the yarn L from the die (2c, 2d). In the case of this figure, a plurality of bases (2) are required in this method, as two or more bases (2a or 2b) and (2c or 2d) are required.

In the above example, if a high heat shrinkage polymer is used for the polymer stream A and a low heat shrinkage polymer is used for the polymer stream B,
The yarn H has a high heat shrinkage, and the yarn L has a low heat shrinkage.

The two types of yarns H and L obtained as described above are mixed to form a different shrinkage mixed yarn. Such a fiber mixing method is not particularly limited, and various methods such as a fluid entanglement method using air or the like, a composite false twisting method, a drawn twine yarn and the like can be used. It may be about / M.

When the yarns H and L are mixed, it is preferable to provide a difference in the thermal history of both yarns. That is, the yarn spun from the die (2) as described above becomes a product through a stretching and heat setting process, and the high heat shrinkage yarn H is stretched and heat set at a relatively low temperature to obtain a low heat shrinkage. The yarn L may be drawn and heat-set at a relatively high temperature and then mixed. Further, the yarn of the present invention is preferably formed into a drawn yarn, and it is preferable to mix the fibers for expressing bulkiness, and when a polyester polymer is used,
The birefringence (in terms of round cross section) is preferably about 150 to 200 × 10 ⁻³ .

The series of steps consisting of spinning, drawing and blending may be two steps of general spinning and blending by a twisting machine, but using a direct spinning method as shown in FIG. If the joining ratio and the heat history are made different between the two adjacent bells as described above and the mixed yarn is mixed, the present method can be carried out in one step and is efficient.

The different shrinkage mixed fiber obtained according to the present invention can be softened by knitting and then weaving the yarn, but the two-component polymer of the conjugate fiber has a difference in solubility in a solvent. If (for example, polyethylene terephthalate and polyethylene terephthalate copolymerized with isophthalic acid, the copolymerized polyester is more soluble in alkali), this is processed by weight reduction,
It is preferable to dissolve and remove one component by about 10 to 25%. However, it is not preferable that the amount of the dissolved fiber is excessively large and the conjugate fiber is divided into the components or only one component remains.

(Examples) In the examples, when determining the crimp rate, the Teijin TSW method was used to determine the amount of crimp developed at room temperature by the following formula.

l _0: to 10 times skein up in the inspection machine, multiplied by the hank on the hook, the sample length l ₁ of 1 minutes after the time you gave a light load (2mg / d) and a heavy load (0.2g / d) : Sample length 1 minute after removing only heavy load l ₂ : Immerse in boiling water (99 ° C or more) for 20 minutes with light load, remove light load, leave for 24 hours, hook a scalpel on hook, light load (2mg / Sample length 1 minute after applying d) and heavy load (0.2 g / d) l ₃ : Sample length 1 minute after removing only heavy load Example 1 Polyethylene terephthalate having an intrinsic viscosity [η] of 0.64 ( And a modified polyester obtained by copolymerizing polyethylene terephthalate with 2.5 mol% of isophthalic acid [η
= 0.62] using the spinning apparatus shown in FIG.
That is, two inverter gear pumps are provided for each polymer flow, and the two inverters are operated at 85.3 Hz and 42.6 Hz, respectively, so that the gear pump delivery amounts are 0.5 cc and 0.25 cc, and the different delivery amounts are provided. Combining two streams of different polymers,
Two sets of composite streams are formed and supplied to static kneading elements each having 3 elements, extruded from a spinneret having six Y-shaped spinning holes at 296 ° C. and wound at a spinning speed of 1480 m / min, and 30 d / 24f yarn H and yarn L were obtained. Next, the two yarns were drawn under the following conditions and then mixed to obtain a 60d / 48f mixed yarn.

Stranding / mixing conditions Processing speed 1000m / min Roller / plate temperature 77/140 ℃ Spindle speed 10000rpm Stretching ratio First stage: 1.01, Second stage: 2.48 TOTAL: 2.50 Entanglement number 20 yarns / m Means that the polymer joining ratio of the yarn H is polyethylene terephthalate: modified polyester = 1: 4 and the yarn L is 4: 4
The bonding shape of all the filaments was substantially different. Fig. 1 (H) shows a schematic cross-sectional view of the yarn H.
FIG. 1 (L) shows a schematic cross-sectional view of the yarn L. Table 1 shows the physical property values of the mixed fiber.

Comparative Examples 1 to 3 Mixed fiber composed of two kinds of drawn yarns having different thermal histories obtained by melt-spinning polyethylene terephthalate (Comparative Example 1), polyethylene terephthalate, and 2.5 mol% of isophthalic acid in polyethylene terephthalate A mixed yarn comprising a copolymerized modified polyester drawn yarn (Comparative Example 2), and a composite yarn in which polyethylene terephthalate and a modified polyester are randomly composited by the method described in JP-A-59-100717, and Table 1 shows the physical property values of three types of mixed yarns (Comparative Example 3) composed of two types of drawn yarns having a difference between them.

As shown in Table 1, the mixed fiber according to the present invention has a large thermal aberration of two kinds of yarns and also has an excellent latent crimp rate.

Example 2 Two types of composite filaments were spun using the same spinning method and apparatus as in Example 1 while changing the inverter driving conditions, and were directly drawn and mixed with the apparatus shown in FIG.
Winding was performed at 00 m / min to obtain a 60d / 48f mixed fiber. The stretching conditions are as follows.

Yarn H side GR ₁ 80 ° C, GR ₂ 90 ° C, draw ratio 2.5 Yarn L side GR ₁ 80 ° C, GR ₂ 160 ° C, draw ratio 2.5 The results are shown in Table 2.

(Effect of the Invention) The different shrinkage mixed fiber according to the present invention is composed of a component having a much larger difference in heat shrinkage than the conventional one, and has excellent latent crimpability and remarkable expression of bulkiness. is there. Moreover, the conventional different-shrink mixed yarn having a high difference in heat shrinkage ratio is hard and has an unnatural feeling, but has a soft and natural feeling and is extremely useful as a material for women's clothing blouse and dress. It is something.

Furthermore, the method of the present invention can produce the different shrinkage mixed fiber efficiently and at a freely set joining ratio, and its usefulness is clear.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a composite filament according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the outer shape of a filament that can also be used in the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a description of a spinning apparatus used in the method of the present invention. FIG. 4 is an explanatory view of a spinning and stretching apparatus which can be used in the method of the present invention. P _L … Low heat shrinkage polymer, P _H … High heat shrinkage polymer, 1… Gapump, 2… Base.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-59-100717 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁶ , DB name) D01D 5/32 D02G 1/18 D01F 6 / 84-8/14

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A multifilament yarn comprising a composite filament in which two kinds of fiber-forming synthetic polymers having mutual affinity and different heat shrinkage rates are joined to each other. The composite state of the kinds of polymers is substantially the same between all filaments, and the multifilament has a low heat shrinkage ratio in which the bonding ratio of the low heat shrinkage polymer and the high heat shrinkage polymer is in the range of 9: 1 to 2: 1. Filament group and the joining ratio is 1: 9 to 1: 2
A multi-filament mixed shrink yarn comprising a group of high heat shrinkage filaments in the range of 2. Two types of fiber-forming synthetic polymers having mutual affinity and different heat shrinkage are separately melted to obtain
After two kinds of polymer streams are supplied to a plurality of stationary kneading elements to form a composite state by using a plurality of gear pumps corresponding to the respective polymer streams, six or more spinning holes are formed. A multi-filament mixed fiber with different shrinkage, characterized in that the multi-filament spun from a plurality of spinnerets having a mixed fiber is mixed and the supply amount between a plurality of gyapumps corresponding to each polymer flow is varied. Manufacturing method.