JPH08185183A - Electronic musical instrument - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To provide an electronic musical instrument which can automatically control the present value of an operation key at the time of start of sound generation even if interpolation processing is performed. CONSTITUTION: When a note-on-pulse is inputted to an interpolation control section 24, the interpolation control section 24 selects an input 'l' of a selector 25 and outputs the present value from a target value selector 21. When it is detected by a comparator 23 that the present value is varied, the interpolation control section 24 selects an input '0' of the selector 25 and outputs data from an adder 22. Step data of a step set by a rate generator 20 is added by a loop consisting of the adder 22, the selector 25 and a plural stages display 26, interpolated data gradually approaching to the present value is successively outputted.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an electronic musical instrument capable of changing the musical tone characteristics of a musical tone being sounded.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a musical tone generated in response to a sounding instruction from a performance operator such as a keyboard, and further, an operation amount of an operator such as a wheel such as a pitch bend wheel, a joystick, various pedals such as an expression pedal, and the like. Accordingly, there is known an electronic musical instrument capable of imparting changes to musical tone characteristics such as volume, tone color, tremolo, vibrato, and pitch bend.

In such an electronic musical instrument, a parameter for controlling the tone characteristic is generated according to the detection result of the operation amount of various operators, and the tone characteristic is changed based on this parameter. Then, the musical tone characteristics suddenly change, which may result in an unnatural musical tone. Therefore, in order to prevent a rapid change with time in the detection result of the operation amount of the manipulator, a parameter is generated based on an interpolation value obtained by performing interpolation processing on the detection result. In such parameter interpolation processing, interpolation processing is performed by generating a parameter value that changes from the previously detected parameter value toward the currently detected parameter value. In general, the speed of interpolation (size of step) and ON / OFF of interpolation processing can be designated.

[0004]

By the way, it is desired to generate a musical tone using a parameter value that directly reflects the current value of the operator at the start of sounding. If the parameter value is generated by performing the operation, there is a problem that the previous parameter value is stored in the interpolation processing means, and therefore the parameter value that directly reflects the current value of the operator is not output. To solve this, if you want to control the current value of the controller at the start of sounding, either specify that the interpolation process be turned off, or set the interpolation speed to the maximum and then start sounding After the start, the interpolation process may be returned to the original setting. However, such an operation is complicated and it is extremely difficult to change the setting during the performance.

Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to provide an electronic musical instrument capable of automatically controlling the current value of an operator at the start of sounding even if interpolation processing is performed.

[0006]

In order to achieve the above object, an electronic musical instrument of the present invention comprises a sounding instructing means for generating a sounding instruction, and a parameter generating means for generating a parameter based on an operation amount of an operator. , Receiving the parameter from the parameter generating means, performing interpolation processing to generate an interpolation parameter, and starting the generation of a musical tone based on the interpolation parameter in response to the sounding instruction from the sounding instructing means. In the interpolation processing in the interpolation means, the parameter is directly output as the interpolation parameter when the sounding instruction is generated, and thereafter, the parameter gradually changes based on the parameter. The interpolated interpolation value is generated and output as the interpolation parameter.

[0007]

According to the present invention, the interpolation processing is automatically turned off at the start of sound generation, the input value of the interpolation means is output as it is, and the interpolation processing is automatically restored thereafter. It is possible to generate musical tones by using the parameter values that directly reflect the child's current value, and to generate musical tones with a smooth change in musical tone characteristics according to the operation of the operator after the start of sound generation. become.

[0008]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIG. 1 shows an outline of a block diagram showing the configuration of an embodiment of an electronic musical instrument of the present invention. In this figure, 1 is a microcomputer for controlling the entire electronic musical instrument such as sound generation control, 2 is a joystick which is one of the operators for changing the musical sound characteristics of the musical sound to be generated, and 3 is a keyboard for giving a sounding instruction,
4 is a display for displaying parameter information and the like when setting parameters such as timbre, 5 is a panel switch which is operated when setting parameters such as timbre and is for setting parameter information, and 6 is a sounding instruction. The tone generator section 7 generates a tone signal of the designated tone color, and 7 is a sound system for generating the tone signal generated by the tone generator section 6.

In the tone generator section 11, 11 is a control register for temporarily storing parameter values and control information sent from the microcomputer 1, and 12 is a waveform shape control parameter given by the control register 11, pitch data, and a note. A waveform generator for generating musical tone waveform data based on an ON signal or the like, an envelope generator 13 for generating volume envelope data based on an envelope parameter given from the control register 11 and a note-on signal,
Reference numeral 14 denotes an interpolator for turning off the interpolation processing at the start of sound generation and outputting the pan and volume parameter values input to the interpolating means as they are, and thereafter outputting the interpolated pan and volume parameter values, and 15 an envelope generator 13. Is a synthesizing unit for synthesizing the volume envelope data generated by and the parameter value generated by the interpolator 14 to generate volume data.

Reference numeral 16 is a multiplier for multiplying the tone waveform data generated by the waveform generator 12 by tone volume data to generate a tone data signal, and 17 is a sound output output from the multiplier 16 in a time division manner. The channel accumulator (CH accumulator) for accumulating the tone data signals of the channels, 18 is the channel accumulator for the tone data signals of each sounding channel.
Is a digital-analog converter that converts the musical tone data signal accumulated by the above and output at the timing of each sampling clock into an analog signal.

In the electronic musical instrument thus constructed, the sound generation channels are, for example, 16 channels or 3 channels.
The number of channels is two, and the tone data signal generation processing for each tone generation channel is performed by time division. Further, each channel is of a stereo system composed of L channel and R channel, and the processing time assigned to each channel is further divided so that the L and R channels are subjected to time division processing. The operation of the electronic musical instrument that generates musical tones by the time division processing will be described below.

The joystick 2 is, for example, an operator for moving a sound image position of a musical sound to the left or right, that is, an operator for pan control. When the joystick 2 is operated, the operation amount is detected by the microcomputer 1. A parameter value corresponding to the manipulated variable is transferred to the control register 11. Further, the microcomputer 1 detects an operation such as a key depression on the keyboard 3 which is a performance operator, and a note-on signal or the like is transferred to the control register 11. Further, aftertouch of the keyboard 3 or the like is detected by the microcomputer 1 and the volume parameter value is transferred to the control register 11. Further, the tone color information and the like of each sound generation channel is set by operating the panel switch 5 while observing the display 4, and the set information is transferred from the microcomputer 1 to the control register 11.

In this way, the control register 11 stores the waveform control parameters, pitch data,
Information such as a note-on signal, an envelope parameter, a pan control parameter, and a volume parameter is stored. Then, at the timing assigned to each sound generation channel, the waveform control parameters, pitch data, note-on signal, etc. of the sound generation channel to be processed are transferred from the control register 11 to the waveform generator 12, and the waveform generator 12 supplies the waveform control parameter. Musical tone waveform data is generated based on the obtained information and supplied to the multiplier 16. The envelope parameter of the tone generation channel to be processed and the note-on signal are transferred to the envelope generator 13, volume envelope data is generated based on the transferred information, and the volume envelope data is supplied to the synthesizer 15.

Further, the control register 11 transfers the pan parameter value of the tone generation channel to be processed, the volume parameter value, the note-on signal, etc. to the interpolator 14, and the interpolator 14 outputs a note based on the transferred information. When turned on, the interpolation parameter is turned off, and the input pan parameter value and volume parameter value are time-divided for each sound channel and output as they are to the synthesizing unit 15. After that, the interpolated pan parameter value and volume parameter value are output. It is time-divided and output for each sound channel. In the synthesizing unit 15, the volume envelope data from the envelope generator 13 and the parameter value from the interpolator 14 are synthesized to generate the volume data, but the pan parameter includes the parameters of the L channel and the R channel. Therefore, the synthesizing unit 15 outputs the volume data of the L channel and the R data.
The channel volume data and the sound volume data are output in a time-divided manner within the allocation processing time of one sound generation channel.

Further, since the tone waveform data of each tone generation channel is time-divided and outputted from the waveform generator 12 for each processing time of one tone generation channel allocation, the multiplier 16 in the multiplier 16 combines the tone waveform data with the tone waveform data. The tone data signal multiplied by the sound volume data output from is also time-divided and output for each sounding channel. Further, since the volume data is switched between the L channel volume data and the R channel volume data in the allocation processing time of one sound generation channel, the L channel tone data signal and the R channel tone data signal are time-divided. It will be output. The L-channel and R-channel tone data signals of each tone generation channel, which are time-divided and output from the multiplier 16, are supplied to a channel accumulator (CH accumulator) 17 to generate a tone data signal for each L channel. And the tone data signal for each R channel are separately accumulated over all tone generation channels.

By the way, in an electronic musical instrument which generates a tone of each tone generation channel by performing time division processing, the sampling clock of the digital-analog converter is used as a reference timing, and this sampling clock cycle is used as the tone generation channel The time divided by the number is the allocation processing time of each sound generation channel. Therefore, CH
The L channel and R channel tone data signals of all the channels accumulated by the accumulator 17 are output for each sampling clock of the digital-analog converter (DAC) 18 and input to the DAC 18. However, since the CH accumulator 17 outputs the accumulated L channel musical tone data signal and R channel musical tone data signal in a time-divisional manner, they are accurately accumulated within one sampling clock. 2 tone data signals
It is output from the system CH accumulator 17 to the DAC 18.

The tone data signal input to the DAC 18 is L
The channels and the R channels are separately converted into analog signals, output to the sound system 7, and sounded from the L channel speaker and the R channel speaker (not shown) connected to the sound system 7.
In this case, when one digital / analog converting means is provided in the DAC 18, the tone data signals of the L channel and the R channel are converted into analog signals by time division processing, and two digital / analog converting means are provided. Are converted into analog signals independently of each other. Since the volume envelope data and the pan and volume parameter values input to the synthesizing unit 15 are logarithmic data in units of decibel (dB), the synthesizing unit 15 can be configured by an adder.

Next, FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the details of the configuration of the interpolator 14, in which the input rate control value,
The pan and volume parameter values and the note-on pulse are time-divided from the control register 11 for each sound generation channel. The rate control value is a parameter that determines the speed (step width) of the interpolation process. When the rate control value is large, the interpolation process is performed so as to rapidly change to a new parameter value, and the rate control value is small. In this case, the interpolation process is performed so as to gradually change toward the new parameter value.

This rate control value is supplied to the rate generator 20, and predetermined step width data is generated based on the input rate control value and is supplied to the adder 22. It should be noted that the direction of change from the interpolation control section 24 is the rate generator 20.
And the rate generator 20 outputs positive or negative step width data depending on the direction of change. Also,
The pan parameter value and the volume parameter value are time-divided and alternately input to the target value selector 21, and are supplied to the selector 25 and the comparator 23 as target values at a predetermined timing. Further, the note-on pulse is input to the interpolation control unit 24, and when the note-on pulse is input, the interpolation control unit 24 controls the selector 25 to select the parameter value from the target value selector 21 to select the selector 2.
Output from 5. This control is time-divided for each sound generation channel.

The parameter value selected by the selector 25 is input to and delayed by the multistage delay means 26. The number of stages of the delay means 26 is twice the number of sounding channels. The reason for being doubled is that one sound channel requires both the pan parameter and the volume parameter. Therefore, the multi-stage delay means 26 delays and outputs one sample clock cycle as described above. This output is output to the next stage and the adder 2
2 and is fed back to the comparator 23. Then, the step width data from the rate generator 20 is added by the adder 22 and input to the selector 25.

Interpolation control unit 2 for controlling the selector 25
4 is when the note-on pulse is input, and the comparator 2
When 3 outputs the coincidence output, the input “1” of the selector 25 is selected, and in other cases, the input “0” of the selector 25 is selected. Therefore, when a new parameter value is input from the microcomputer 1 to the target value selector 21 via the control register 11, the two input data values input to the comparator 23 do not match, so the interpolation control unit 24 Input “0” of selector 25, that is, adder 2
The parameter value from 2 is selected and the multi-stage delay means 2 is selected.
Supply to 6. Then, the multistage delay means 26 to 1
The sample value is delayed by the sample clock period and supplied again to the adder 22, and the parameter value interpolated by adding the step width data by the adder 22 is input again to the multistage delay 26 via the selector 25.

This selector 25, the multistage delay means 2
By the loop composed of 6 and the adder 22, the interpolated parameter value gradually approaching the target value is generated and sequentially output from the multistage delay means 26.
The interpolation speed in this case is determined by the rate control value input to the rate generator 20, and the interpolation direction is determined by the interpolation control unit 24 according to the comparison result from the comparator 23. I'm telling 20. When the interpolated parameter value matches the target value from the target value selector 21, this is detected by the comparator 23 and a matching signal is given to the interpolation controller 24. 1 ”will be selected. As a result, the target parameter value is directly output from the multi-stage delay means 26.

The above-described interpolation processing is performed by time division for each sound generation channel, but the timing assigned to one sound generation channel is further divided, and the interpolation processing of the pan parameter and the interpolation processing of the volume parameter are performed in time. It is divided and done. Therefore, the multi-stage delay means 2
From 6, the interpolated pan parameter value and volume parameter value for each sound generation channel are output in a time-divided manner for each L channel and R channel. This interpolated parameter value is used by the synthesizing unit 15 as described above.
Is combined with volume envelope data at. In addition,
Since the parameter value added step by step can be generated by the loop including the selector 25, the multistage delay means 26, and the adder 22, the time division processing is further speeded up and multiplexed to make the loop. Can also be used to generate volume envelope data.

Next, a flow chart of the main routine executed by the microcomputer 1 of the electronic musical instrument of the present invention is shown in FIG.
When the power source of the electronic musical instrument is turned on, the main routine is started, initialization of various registers is performed in step S10, and then key processing such as detection of a key event is performed in step S20. Furthermore, step S
A panel SW process for detecting an operation of a panel switch (panel SW) or the like is performed at 30, and step S20 is performed.
Then, the key processing and the panel SW processing are cyclically performed.

Further, FIG. 4 shows a flowchart of timer interrupt event processing which is performed, for example, every 10 ms. When the timer interrupt timing comes, the timer interrupt event process is started, and the value of the after-touch of the keyboard 3 is taken into AT and the stick value of the joystick 2 is taken into JS in step S100. Then, step S1
At step 10, i is set to "1" and the process proceeds to step S120.
Based on TCi, NNi, ITi, AT, a volume parameter is generated and sent to the i channel (ch) of the sound source 6. Here, i indicates a tone generation channel number, TC indicates tone color information, NN indicates a note number, and IT indicates an initial touch.

Then, in step S130, TCi, N
Based on Ni and JS, a pan parameter is generated and sent to the i channel of the sound source 6, and then it is determined in step S140 whether i is "16" and i is set to "16". If it is determined that it has not reached, i is incremented by 1 in step S150, and the process returns to step S120. Thereby, step S120
The process of step S130 is performed again, and the volume parameter and the pan parameter of the next channel are sent to the sound source 6. In this way, step S
When the processing of 120 to step S150 is cyclically performed, i is sequentially incremented, and when it is determined that i has become “16” in step S140,
After returning, the timer interrupt event processing ends.

Next, FIG. 5 shows a flowchart of the note-on event process which is performed at the timing when the key depression operation is detected in the key process of the main routine. When the note-on event processing is started, the note number of the note-on key is fetched into NN in step S200, and the velocity of the key is fetched into IT (initial touch),
The stick value of the joystick 2 is loaded into JS, and the designated tone color is loaded into TC. Next, sound generation assignment is performed in step S210, and the assigned channel (assigned ch) is set to i.

Further, in step S220, TC, N
Sound source 6 by generating various parameters based on N and IT
, I channel (ch), and then step S2
At 30, a sound volume parameter is generated based on TC, NN, and IT and is sent to the i channel (ch) of the sound source 6.
Further, based on TC, NN, JS, step S24
At 0, a pan parameter is generated and sent to the i channel of the sound source 6. Then, the note-on pulse is sent to the sound source 6 i.
It is sent to the channel in step S250. Then
In step S260, the tone color TC is loaded into TCi, the note number NN is loaded into NNi, the initial touch IT is loaded into ITi, and the timer interrupt event process described above is prepared.

Then, in step S250, the microcomputer 1
In response to the note-on sent from the sound source 6 to the i-channel, the waveform generator 12 of the sound source 6 starts the generation of the i-channel waveform data, and the envelope generator 13
Then, the generation of the volume envelope of the i channel is started. Here, the pitch and waveform shape of the waveform data generated by the waveform generator 12 and the shape of the envelope generated by the envelope generator 13 are respectively determined in step S2.
It is controlled by various parameters of the i channel set in the sound source 6 at 20. On the other hand, in the interpolator 14, since the selector 25 selects the input “1” in response to the note-on in step S250, the volume parameter value output of the i-channel from the interpolator 14 is set in step S230.
In step S240, the volume parameter sent by the microcomputer 1 is set to an initial value, and in step S240, the pan parameter sent by the microcomputer 1 is set as an initial value as a parameter value output of the i channel.

As described above, the operation of the i channel is started in each block of the sound source 6, and the volume envelope, the volume parameter value output and the pan parameter value output are combined with the generated waveform data. The obtained volume data of the L channel and the volume data of the R channel are time-divisionally multiplied by the multiplier 16 to form a tone data signal of the L channel and a tone data signal of the R channel.

By the way, the timer interrupt event process shown in FIG. 4 is executed at regular time intervals, and step S12 is performed.
0, in step S130, volume parameters and pan parameters of each sound generation channel are created and sent to the sound source 6. Therefore, every time the timer interrupt event processing routine shown in FIG. 4 is executed after the formation of the i-channel tone data signal, new values of the volume parameter and the pan parameter for the i-channel are sent from the microcomputer 1 to the tone register. Sent to 11,
It is supplied to the interpolator 14. In this interpolator 14,
An interpolation operation is performed using the supplied volume parameter and pan parameter of the i-channel as target values, and the output volume parameter value output and pan parameter value output are gradually changed from the current value toward the target value. Become.

In the synthesizing section 15, the volume parameter value output and the pan parameter value output are synthesized with the i-channel envelope data, so that the L-channel volume data and the R-channel volume data are sequentially output. It These two volume data are the waveform generator 1
The waveform data of the i-channel output by 2 are sequentially multiplied to generate the tone data signal of the L channel and the tone data signal of the R channel. As described above, the tone volume characteristic of the tone data signal generated in each tone generation channel and the tone characteristic of the pan are initialized by the routine shown in FIG. 5 at the start of the tone generation, and then executed by the routine shown in FIG. Interpolator 1 that follows the new value supplied by
The volume parameter value output 4 and the pan parameter value output 4 are respectively controlled.

As described above, the pan parameter is generated according to the operation of the joystick 2. However, the pan parameter may be generated by assigning a different operator to each sounding channel. good. Since only one joystick 2 is provided, it may be set separately for the tone generation channel to be controlled and the tone generation channel not to be controlled. Further, the ratio of control by the joystick 2 may be changed for each sounding channel. The setting in this case is performed by operating the panel switch 5 while looking at the display 4.

[0034]

Since the present invention is configured as described above, the interpolation processing can be automatically turned off at the start of sound generation and the input value of the interpolation means can be output as it is, and thereafter the interpolation processing is automatically performed. Since it can be restored, it is possible to generate a musical sound by using the parameter value that directly reflects the current value of the control at the start of sound generation, and after the start of sounding, the tone characteristics change smoothly according to the operation of the control. It becomes possible to generate a musical sound to which is added.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of an embodiment of an electronic musical instrument of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a sound source section in the electronic musical instrument of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a main routine of the electronic musical instrument of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a flow chart of timer interrupt event processing of the electronic musical instrument of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart of note-on event processing of the electronic musical instrument of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 microcomputer, 2 joystick, 3 keyboard, 4
Display, 5 panel switch (SW), 6 sound source, 7
Sound system, 11 control register, 12 waveform generator, 13 envelope generator, 14 interpolator, 15
Combiner, 16 multiplier, 17 channel (CH) accumulator, 18 digital-to-analog converter (DAC)

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A sound generation instruction means for generating a sound generation instruction, a parameter generation means for generating a parameter based on an operation amount of a manipulator, and an interpolation parameter for receiving the parameter from the parameter generation means and performing an interpolation process. And a musical sound generating means for starting the generation of a musical sound based on the interpolation parameter in response to the sounding instruction from the sounding instructing means. When the above occurs, the parameter is output as it is as the interpolation parameter, and thereafter, a temporally interpolated interpolation value that gradually changes based on the parameter is generated and output as the interpolation parameter. And electronic musical instruments.