JPH08150620A - Plastic waste disposal device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To provide a plastic waste disposal device of a compact and simple structure which thermally reduces the volume of plastic wastes at a relatively low temperature. CONSTITUTION: This plastic waste disposal device consists of a storage container 1 for storing plastic wastes and a cylindrical fan hood 2 with an opening provided on the lower surface and the lateral surface located above almost the center of the inner part of the storage container 1. In the fan hood 2, a centrifugal fan 3 for suction at the bottom and discharge on the lateral side is arranged, and at the same time, a heater 4 is arranged near the discharge side of the centrifugal fan. Thus an air heated by the heater 4 is circulated in the storage container 1.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a plastic waste processing apparatus for reducing the volume of plastic waste generated in home kitchens or small-scale business sites.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, the amount of plastic waste tends to increase year by year. Municipalities collect plastic waste from households, incinerate it, and dispose of it in landfills. As an intermediate treatment before incineration and landfill, heat treatment or mechanical compression or crushing treatment is also performed. Also,
In recent years, many efforts have been made to recycle. For example, a device has been devised in which expanded polystyrene is melted and reduced in volume by crushing frictional heat or heating to form pellets.

[0003]

All of the conventional plastic processing equipments are large and expensive equipments for local governments and specific businesses, and can easily reduce the volume of plastic wastes generated in the kitchen at home. There is no device. Also,
The method of heating and melting to reduce the volume has a risk of generating toxic gas in the heating process, and the method of mechanically crushing has a problem that the apparatus becomes large and noise during processing becomes large. It is difficult to scale down for home use.

The present invention is intended to solve the above-mentioned problems, and by heating and compressing the plastic generated in the kitchen or the daily life of the home to reduce the volume, the storage until disposal is simplified, and further, It is an object of the present invention to provide a low-cost, small-sized volume reducing device that can be introduced into homes by improving the collection efficiency at the time of disposal and the landfill efficiency.

[0005]

In order to achieve the above object, the first means of the present invention is to have a storage container for storing plastic waste, and to provide a bottom surface from above the storage container to inside the storage container. A cylindrical fan hood having an opening on the side surface is arranged, and a centrifugal fan is arranged in the fan hood in such a direction that the suction side is the lower surface and the discharge side is the side surface. The volume of the plastic waste is reduced by heating the plastic dust with the hot air generated by the installed heater.

The second means is the same as the first means,
The bottom plate of the storage container can be moved up and down, the opening of the fan hood is limited to the side surface, and the fan hood and the centrifugal fan are connected so that a part of the opening of the side surface communicates with the lower surface suction side of the centrifugal fan. A shield plate between the centrifugal fan and the heater to heat the plastic dust by the hot air generated by the heater, and raise the bottom plate of the storage container to lower the fan hood and the storage container bottom plate. The volume reduction process of the plastic waste is performed between the intervals.

A third means is provided with a temperature detecting means for detecting the temperature of the hot air generated by the centrifugal fan and the heater in the first and second means, and controls the temperature of the hot air to a predetermined temperature. In addition, the storage container has a heat insulating container structure.

A fourth means is the same as the third means,
After heating and reducing the volume of the plastic waste, a cooling step is provided in which the outside air is taken into the storage container through a breathing hole that communicates the inside of the storage container with the outside air to cool the storage container and the plastic waste.

A fifth means is the same as the fourth means,
Run the centrifugal fan during the cooling process.

The sixth means is, in the fourth and fifth means, at least one of a plurality of breathing holes communicating with the outside air.
A suction fan that sucks the gas in the storage container and discharges it to the outside air is connected to each piece, and a deodorizer is connected to the other breathing hole, and a check valve is connected to the other breathing hole so that the outside air enters the storage container side.

[0011]

Next, the operation of each of the above means will be described.

In the first means, the hot air generated by the centrifugal fan and the heater is discharged into the storage container through the opening on the side surface of the fan hood to heat the plastic dust in the storage container, and then the fan hood. It is sucked into the centrifugal fan from the opening on the bottom surface of the fan, reheated by the heater, and discharged again from the opening on the side surface of the fan hood, and the plastic dust is heated while repeating the circulation.

Plastic waste generated in the home kitchen,
That is, the majority of food packaging containers such as trays and containers are made of general-purpose plastics such as polystyrene, and when heated with hot air of about 130 ° C., they soften and shrink, and the volume is greatly reduced. Since the processing temperature is low, the amount of gas containing odor generated during processing can be suppressed to a low level.

According to the second means, it is possible to reduce the volume of plastic waste such as plastic bottles that does not shrink, that is, cannot be reduced by heating alone. That is, since plastic bottles do not shrink due to heating but soften,
The bottom plate of the storage container is raised while being heated and softened by hot air, and the volume between the lower surface of the fan hood and the storage container bottom plate is compressed and reduced.

Here, since the hot air discharge port and hot air intake port are provided on the fan hood side surface and the lower surface is not provided with an opening, there is a problem that the object to be compressed bites into the opening during the compression process. Absent.

Next, the operation of the third means will be described. The temperature of the hot air for heating the plastic dust is preferably as low as possible above the heat softening temperature or the heat shrinkage temperature in order to suppress the gas generated when the plastic dust is heated. For example, if an attempt is made to set the temperature so that hydrogen chloride is not generated from vinyl chlorides, the set temperature will be around 130 ° C, and the allowable range of the set temperature is narrow.

For this reason, hot air temperature detecting means is provided to set the temperature at the discharge port to the allowable temperature, and the storage container has a heat insulating structure so that the entire storage container exceeds the heat softening temperature or heat shrinking temperature of plastic dust. To do so.

Next, the operation of the fourth means will be described. When the storage container has a heat insulating structure and the volume of plastic waste in the storage container is reduced by heating, the temperature of the storage container and the plastic waste will be kept in the heat insulating structure after processing, and the temperature will drop to a temperature that can be touched by hand. It takes a long cooling time. Therefore, in the cooling step, the outside air is taken into the storage container through the breathing hole communicating with the outside air and is replaced with the gas in the storage container, so that the cooling is promoted from the inside of the storage container having the heat insulating structure to reduce the cooling time. .

Next, the operation of the fifth means will be described. By operating the centrifugal fan during the cooling process, the gas in the storage container is agitated, and the outside air taken in through the breathing holes reaches the corners of the storage container to promote cooling.

Next, the operation of the sixth means will be described. The gas containing odor generated during the heat treatment of plastic waste is deodorized by the deodorizer and is discharged to the outside air by the suction fan together with the gas in the storage container. At the same time, the function of the suction fan causes a negative pressure in the storage container, and prevents odors from leaking outside the path.

The check valve cooperates with the suction fan to take in outside air into the storage container and prevent the odor-containing gas in the storage container, which expands during heating, from leaking to the outside.

[0022]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is an embodiment of the first means of the present invention and shows a longitudinal sectional view of the main part of the apparatus. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 is a storage container for storing plastic waste, and 2 is a cylindrical fan hood having openings 2a and 2b on its side and bottom surfaces.
A centrifugal fan 3 has a suction side on the lower side and a discharge side on the side. Reference numeral 4 denotes a heater arranged near the discharge side of the centrifugal fan 3.

Next, the operation of the above embodiment will be described. The hot air generated by the centrifugal fan 3 and the heater 4 is
After the plastic waste in the storage container 1 is discharged from the opening 2a on the side surface of the fan hood 2 and heats the plastic dust in the storage container 1, the centrifugal fan 3 is opened from the opening 2b on the lower surface of the fan hood 2.
Is sucked in and reheated by the heater 4,
It is again discharged from the opening 2a on the side surface of the battery 2, and the plastic dust is heated while repeating the circulation.

Plastic trash generated in the kitchen at home,
That is, the majority of food packaging containers such as trays and containers are made of general-purpose plastics such as polystyrene, and when heated with hot air of about 130 ° C., they soften and shrink, and the volume is greatly reduced.

In this embodiment, the temperature of the hot air is designed to rise up to about 130 ° C. Therefore, the volume of plastic dust can be reduced.

Next, an embodiment of the second means of the present invention will be described. FIG. 2 is an embodiment according to the second means of the present invention and shows a longitudinal sectional view of the main part of the apparatus.

In FIG. 2, reference numeral 2 denotes a cylindrical fan hood having openings 2a and 2c on its side surfaces. A shield plate 6 has an opening 6a and an opening 2c on the side surface of the fan hood 2.
Is connected to the suction side below the centrifugal fan 3.
Reference numeral 4 denotes a heater arranged near the discharge side of the centrifugal fan 3. Reference numeral 5 is a bottom plate which can be moved up and down in the storage container 1, 7 is an airtight balloon-like air bag, 8 is a pressurizing air pump, and 9 is a solenoid valve.

Next, the operation of the above embodiment will be described. The hot air generated by the centrifugal fan 3 and the heater 4 is
After the plastic dust in the storage container 1 is discharged from the opening 2a on the side surface of the fan hood 2 to heat the plastic waste, the centrifugal fan 3 is opened from the opening 2c on the side surface of the fan hood 2.
Is sucked into and reheated by the heater 4, and the opening 2a
The plastic dust is discharged again, and the plastic dust is heated while repeating the circulation.

As described in the first embodiment, most plastic waste can be greatly reduced in volume only by heating, but plastic bottles and the like cannot be significantly reduced in volume by heating alone.

Therefore, the bottom plate 5 is raised in a state where the dust including the plastic dust is heated and softened, and the volume is compressed and reduced between the bottom plate 5 and the lower surface of the fan hood 2. That is, with the solenoid valve 9 closed, air is injected into the air bag 7 by the pressurizing air pump 8, the air bag 7 is inflated and the bottom plate 5 is raised to pressurize and compress the plastic dust to reduce the volume. When the solenoid valve 9 is opened after the process is completed, the air in the air bag 7 is released, and the bottom plate 5 is lowered to its bottom dead center by its own weight to return to the initial state.

Here, since the hot air discharge port and the hot air intake port are provided on the side surface of the fan hood 2 and not on the lower surface thereof, there is no inconvenience that the object to be compressed bites into the opening during the compression process. .

Other configurations and operations are shown in FIG.
Since it is the same as, the description will be omitted. Next, an embodiment of the third means of the present invention will be described.

FIG. 3 shows an embodiment of the third means of the present invention and is a longitudinal sectional view of an essential part of the apparatus. In FIG. 3, 10 is a thermistor and 11 is a heat insulating cylinder. Generated by the centrifugal fan 3 and the heater 4, the opening 2 on the side of the fan hood 2
The temperature of the hot air discharged from a is controlled by the thermistor 10 to around 130 ° C. Due to the function of the heat insulation cylinder 11, the plastic dust inside the storage container 1 is uniformly
It is heated to around 0 ° C.

Other configurations and operations are shown in FIG.
Since it is the same as, the description will be omitted. Next, an embodiment of the fourth means of the present invention will be described.

FIG. 4 shows an embodiment of the fourth means of the present invention and is a longitudinal sectional view of the main part of the apparatus. In FIG. 4, the lid 12
Breathing holes 13a and 13b are provided in the container, and the inside of the storage container 1 and the outside air are communicated with each other. A suction fan 14 is connected to the breathing hole 13a.

After heating and compressing the volume of plastic waste, the suction fan 14 is operated to suck in the outside air through the breathing hole 13b and expel it through the breathing hole 13a.
Thus, the storage container 1 and the plastic dust inside which are insulated by the are cooled, and the cooling time is shortened.

The other structure and operation are the same as those shown in FIG. 2 and FIG.

Next, an embodiment of the fifth means of the present invention will be described. The longitudinal cross-sectional view of the main part of the fifth means is the same as that shown in FIG. 4, and the heater 4, centrifugal fan 3, suction fan 1 are shown.
The operation program of No. 4 is shown in FIG.

As shown in FIG. 5, the cooling process (heater OF
Also in F), by turning on the centrifugal fan, the gas in the storage container 1 is agitated, and the outside air taken in through the breathing holes 13b reaches the corners of the storage container 1 to promote cooling.

Other configurations and operations are shown in FIG.
Since it is the same as, the description will be omitted. Next, an embodiment of the sixth means of the present invention will be described.

FIG. 6 is an embodiment of the sixth means of the present invention and shows a longitudinal sectional view of an essential part of the apparatus. In FIG. 6, the lid 12
The breathing holes 13a and 13b are provided in the breathing hole 13a, and the deodorizer 15 and the suction fan 14 are connected to the breathing hole 13a.
A check valve 16 is connected to the.

The gas containing odor generated while heating the plastic waste, the gas pushed out while the bottom plate 5 is rising, and the gas discharged during the cooling process are deodorized by the deodorizer 15,
It is discharged through the suction fan 14. As the deodorizer 15, an adsorption type deodorizer or the like can be used.

The suction fan 14 creates a negative pressure inside the storage container 1 and prevents odors from leaking except through the path passing through the deodorizer 15. The check valve 16 cooperates with the suction fan 14 to take in outside air into the storage container 1 and prevent the gas containing odor in the storage container 1 from leaking from the breathing hole 13b side to the outside.

The other structure and operation are the same as those shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, and the description thereof will be omitted.

[0046]

According to the first means, the centrifugal fan and the heater are
The hot air generated by the heater is circulated in the storage container to heat the plastic dust in the storage container at a relatively low temperature, so the amount of odorous gas generated during processing can be suppressed to a low level. With a simple structure suitable for home use,
It can be an inexpensive and small-sized plastic waste volume reduction device.

According to the second means, the bottom plate of the storage container is raised in a state of being heated and softened by hot air, and the volume of the container is compressed and reduced between the lower surface of the fan hood and the storage container bottom plate. Since it is possible to reduce the volume of plastic waste that cannot be reduced by, it is possible to provide an inexpensive and small-sized plastic waste volume reduction device having a simple structure suitable for home use.

According to the third means, the hot air temperature detecting means is provided to set the temperature at the discharge port to the allowable temperature, and the storage container has a heat insulating structure so that the entire storage container has a heat softening temperature of plastic dust or Since the heat shrinkage temperature is exceeded, the gas generated when heating the plastic dust can be suppressed as much as possible.

According to the fourth means, in the cooling step,
By taking the outside air into the storage container through the breathing hole communicating with the outside air and replacing the outside air with the gas in the storage container, cooling can be promoted from the inside of the storage container having the heat insulating structure and the cooling time can be shortened.

According to the fifth means, since the centrifugal fan is operated during the cooling process, the gas in the storage container is agitated, and the outside air taken in through the breathing holes reaches the corners of the storage container to promote cooling. The cooling time can be further shortened as compared with the fourth means.

According to the sixth means, since the suction fan works to make the inside of the storage container a negative pressure, it is possible to prevent odor from leaking outside the path, and also to provide a check valve to cooperate with the suction fan. However, since the outside air is taken into the storage container, it is possible to prevent the odor-containing gas in the storage container, which expands when heated, from leaking to the outside.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a plastic waste processing apparatus showing an embodiment of the first means of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a plastic waste processing apparatus showing an embodiment of the second means of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a plastic waste processing apparatus showing an embodiment of the third means of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view of a plastic waste processing apparatus showing an embodiment of the fourth means of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is an operation explanatory view of the plastic waste processing apparatus showing the embodiment of the fifth means of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a sectional view of a plastic waste processing apparatus showing an embodiment of the sixth means of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Storage container 2 Fan hood 2a, 2b, 2c Opening part 3 Centrifugal fan 4 Heater 5 Bottom plate 6 Shielding plate 6a Opening part 10 Thermistor (temperature detecting means) 11 Thermal insulation cylinder 13a, 13b Breathing hole 14 Suction fan 15 Deodorizer 16 Check valve

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification code Internal reference number FI technical display location B65F 1/00 Z // B29K 105: 26

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A storage container for storing plastic waste is provided, and a cylindrical fan hood having openings on a lower surface and a side surface is disposed above the storage container, and in the fan hood. A centrifugal fan is arranged so that the suction side is downward and the discharge side is lateral, and the plastic dust is heated by the hot air generated by the centrifugal fan and a heater arranged in the vicinity of the centrifugal fan to reduce the volume. Plastic waste processing equipment to do. 2. The bottom plate of the storage container can be moved up and down, the opening of the fan hood is only a side surface, and a part of the opening of the side surface communicates with the lower surface suction side of the centrifugal fan. -A shield plate is provided between the centrifugal fan and the centrifugal fan so that the plastic dust is heated by the hot air generated by the centrifugal fan and the heater provided in the vicinity thereof, and the bottom plate of the storage container is raised. 2. The plastic waste processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the plastic waste processing for compression and volume reduction is performed between the lower surface of the fan hood and the bottom plate of the storage container. 3. A centrifugal fan and a heater arranged in the vicinity thereof.
3. The plastic trash according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising temperature detecting means for detecting the temperature of the hot air generated by the heater, the temperature detecting means controlling the temperature of the hot air to a predetermined temperature, and the storage container having a heat insulating container structure. Processing equipment. 4. A cooling step of cooling the storage container and the plastic waste by taking in the outside air into the storage container through a breathing hole that communicates the inside of the storage container with the outside air after the heat treatment for reducing the volume of the plastic waste. The plastic waste processing device according to claim 3. 5. The plastic waste processing apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the centrifugal fan is operated during the cooling step. 6. A suction fan for sucking the gas in the storage container and discharging it to the outside air is connected to at least one of the plurality of breathing holes communicating with the outside air, and the outside air is connected to the other breathing holes. The plastic waste treatment device according to claim 4 or 5, further comprising a check valve connected in a direction in which the check valve is inserted into the storage container.