JPH0839037A - Apparatus for treating plastic waste - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide an apparatus for treating plastic waste which can conduct adequately the heating volume reduction treatment of plastic waste generated in the kitchen of a home to the bottom of a receiving container. CONSTITUTION:In an apparatus equipped with a receiving container 2 for receiving plastic waste and a heating part 3 for heating the waste, a blow-off opening 3C for hot air produced in the heating part 3 and a suction opening 3D for the hot air are opened in the upper part of the container 2 to circulate the hot air in the container to constitute the apparatus. The bottom board 5 of the container 2 can be moved vertically by a link 6, and the waste is fed with the board 5 brought down to the lower dead point or close to it. Heating is started, the board 5 is brought up to an intermediate position between the lower and upper dead points after the passage of a specified length of time, and the compression volume reduction treatment of the waste is carried out.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a plastic waste processing apparatus for reducing the volume of plastic waste generated in a kitchen or the like of a home or a small business site.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, the amount of plastic waste tends to increase year by year. Municipalities collect plastic waste from households, incinerate it, and dispose of it in landfills. As an intermediate treatment before incineration and landfill, heat treatment or mechanical compression or crushing treatment is also performed. Also,
In recent years, many efforts have been made to recycle. For example, a device has been devised in which expanded polystyrene is melted and reduced in volume by crushing frictional heat or heating to form pellets.

[0003]

The plastic processing apparatus is a large-sized and expensive apparatus for local governments and specified companies, and is an apparatus for easily reducing the volume of plastic waste generated in a home kitchen or the like. Does not exist. Further, the method of heating and melting to reduce the volume has a risk of generating toxic gas in the heating process, and the method of mechanically crushing has a problem that the apparatus becomes large and noise during processing becomes large. Therefore, it is difficult to scale down for home use.

The present invention is intended to solve the above-mentioned problems, and by heating and compressing the plastic generated in the kitchen or the daily life of the home to reduce the volume, the storage until disposal is simplified, and further, It is an object of the present invention to provide a low-cost, small-sized volume reducing device that can be introduced into homes by improving the collection efficiency at the time of disposal and the landfill efficiency.

[0005]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention has, as a first means, a storage container for storing plastic dust and a heating section for heating the plastic dust. The unit is provided with an air blowing unit and a heat generating unit, the blowing port and the suction port of the hot air generated in the heating unit are opened in the upper part of the storage container, and the hot air is circulated inside the storage container,
The bottom plate of the storage container can be moved up and down, plastic dust is thrown in with the bottom plate lowered to or near the bottom dead center, heating is started, and after a certain period of time, the bottom plate is moved to the bottom dead center and top dead center. A plastic which is raised to an intermediate position of the point and continues to be heated while being held at the intermediate position, and after a lapse of a predetermined heating time, the bottom plate is raised to a top dead center to perform compression volume reduction processing of the plastic waste. Use as a waste treatment device.

As the second means, heating is started without stopping the bottom plate at the intermediate position as in the first means, and after a lapse of a certain time, the bottom plate starts to rise and the predetermined heating time ends. At or around that time, the bottom plate is continuously raised so that the bottom plate finishes rising to the top dead center, and the volume reduction process of the plastic waste is performed.

As a third means, in the first and second means, an air bag or a bellows disposed adjacently below the bottom plate of the container is connected to the air bag or the bellows. The bottom plate is moved up and down by using an air pump.

As a fourth means, in the third means, the air pump is operated for a predetermined time calculated from the inner volume of the air bag or the bellows and the discharge amount of the air pump, Raise the bottom plate of the storage container to the intermediate position.

[0009]

Next, the operation of each of the above means will be described.

In the first means, when plastic dust generated in a kitchen or the like at home, that is, a container for packaging trays or foods is put in a storage container and heated by hot air from a heating unit, the plastic dust is softened. . The volume of the plastic dust is reduced by raising the bottom plate of the storage container containing the softened plastic dust and compressing it.

Here, most of the plastic waste is made of materials such as polystyrene and polyethylene, and many of them show the property of shrinking with softening when heated.

Therefore, when hot air is supplied from the upper part of the shrinking container, the temperature of the plastic dust in the storage container, which is hit well by the hot air, rises relatively quickly, causing rapid heat shrinkage.

Therefore, even if a full amount of plastic dust is thrown into the storage container, a space caused by heat shrinkage of the plastic dust is generated in the upper portion of the storage container when a certain time has elapsed after heating. , It is possible to raise the bottom plate of the storage container to an intermediate position between the bottom dead center and the top dead center, and by raising the bottom plate, the bottom of the storage container becomes shallow, and hot air can reach the bottom well, The heating effect for dust on the bottom is improved.

In the second means, since the bottom plate is continuously raised, the hot air can always be efficiently applied to the plastic dust, and the volume reduction processing time of the plastic dust in the storage container can be shortened.

The third means describes means for raising the bottom plate in the first and second means,
Air-pump to air bag or bellows
Then, the bottom plate is raised to obtain a pressing force.

The fourth means relates to the method of raising the bottom plate in the first and third means, and the air pump is calculated in advance from the inner volume of the air bag or the bellows and the discharge amount of the air pump. The bottom plate can be raised to a desired intermediate position by operating for a predetermined time.

[0017]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

1 and 2 show an embodiment according to the first means of the present invention, FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of an essential part, and FIG. 2 is a view showing movement of a bottom plate of a storage container.

In FIG. 1, 1 is a main body, and 2 is a storage container for storing plastic dust. Reference numeral 3 is a heating unit for heating the plastic dust, which is a blower fan 3A, a heater 3B, and a hot air blowout port 3C which is opened above the storage container 2.
And the hot air suction port 3D, and the hot air is circulated in the heating unit 3 and the storage container 2 by the blower fan 3A. Arrows in the figure indicate circulation paths of the hot air. Reference numeral 5 denotes a bottom plate that can move up and down in the storage container 2 and is connected to the link 6. Reference numeral 7 is a driving motor for expanding and contracting the link 6.

Next, the operation of the above embodiment will be described. With the link 6 contracted and the bottom plate 5 lowered to near the bottom dead center, plastic dust is put into the storage container 2 and heated by the hot air generated in the heating unit 3. The plastic dust in the upper part of the storage container 2 is hit well with hot air, is heated well, softens, and causes heat shrinkage, and when heated for a certain time (time T1 in FIG. 2), the upper part of the storage container 2 is heated. A space is generated in. Therefore, the driving motor 7 is operated to extend the link 6 and raise the bottom plate 5 to an intermediate position between the bottom dead center and the top dead center (at time T2 in FIG. 2) to make the bottom of the storage container 2 shallow. Then, the heating is further continued (at time T3 in FIG. 2). In this way, when the predetermined heating time has elapsed, the plastic dust in the storage container 2 has been well heated and softened to the bottom, whereupon the bottom plate 5 is further raised to the top dead center (time T4 in FIG. 2). , And pressurize and compress with the pressure receiving plate 4, and continue to hold pressure until time T5 in FIG.
It is cooled to room temperature and solidified, and the volume of the plastic waste is reduced by compression. When the time T5 shown in FIG.
Move from top dead center to bottom dead center.

FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of an essential part showing another embodiment of the first means. In FIG. 3, 2 is a storage container,
5 is a bottom plate, 10 is an airtight O-ring, 8 is a pressurizing air pump, and 9 is a depressurizing air pump. Air is injected into the closed space between the bottom plate 5 and the bottom side of the storage container 2 by the pressurizing air pump 8, and the bottom plate 5 is raised to compress and compress the plastic dust. After the volume reduction process is completed, the bottom plate 5 is lowered to the bottom dead center by the decompression air pump 9 to return to the initial state.

The other structure and operation are the same as those shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 and will not be described.

Next, an embodiment of the second means of the present invention will be described. FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view of an essential part of the second means.
Or the same as FIG.

The movement of the bottom plate in the second means is shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 3, and FIG. 4, after heating the plastic waste in the storage container 2 for a certain period of time, the rise of the bottom plate 5 is started,
Before and after the end of the predetermined heating time, the temperature rises to the top dead center, and compression is performed.

Regarding other configurations and operations, the first embodiment
The description is omitted because it is the same as the means of.

Next, an embodiment of the third means of the present invention will be described. FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view of an essential part showing an embodiment by the third means, and the movement of the bottom plate is the same as that in FIG. 2 or FIG.

In FIG. 5, 2 is a storage container, 5 is a bottom plate,
Reference numeral 8 is a pressurizing air pump, 11 is an airtight balloon-shaped air bag, and 12 is a solenoid valve. With the solenoid valve 12 closed, air is injected into the air bag 11 by the pressurizing air pump 8, the air bag 11 is inflated and the bottom plate 5 is raised to compress and compress the plastic dust. When the solenoid valve 12 is opened after the volume reduction process is completed, the air inside the air bag 11 is released, and the bottom plate 5 is lowered to its bottom dead center by its own weight and returns to the initial state.

According to the third means, the outer diameter of the bottom plate 5 is made smaller than the inner diameter of the storage container 2 so that the bottom plate 5 can be stored in the storage container 2.
On the other hand, the bottom plate 5 can be moved with a degree of freedom, and even if the inner surface of the storage container 2 is soiled with an object to be processed and irregularities are generated, the movement of the bottom plate 5 is not easily disturbed.

The rest of the configuration and operation are the same as those of the first and second means described above, and a description thereof will be omitted.

Next, an embodiment of the fourth means of the present invention will be described. The construction of the fourth means is the same as that of FIG. 5, and the movement of the bottom plate is the same as that of FIG.

2 and 5, the amount of air required to move the bottom plate 5 from the bottom dead center to the intermediate position from time T1 to T2 (air to be inflated-volume of the bag 11).
The required time is calculated in advance from the discharge amount of the air-pump 8 and the air-pump 8 is operated for the required time so that the bottom plate 5
To the intermediate position.

The rest of the configuration and operation are the same as those of the first and third means, so the explanations are omitted.

[0033]

According to the first means, it is possible to provide an inexpensive and small-sized plastic waste volume reducing apparatus for household use, and at the same time, the heating action for the plastic waste on the bottom of the storage container is improved, and the processing capacity is improved. improves.

According to the second means, since the bottom plate is continuously raised, the hot air can always be efficiently applied to the plastic dust, and the volume reduction processing time of the plastic dust in the storage container can be shortened. it can.

According to the third means, even if the inner surface of the storage container is contaminated with the object to be processed, the movement of the bottom plate is less likely to be hindered, and the plastic dust in the storage container can be reliably pressed to the top dead center. It is possible to provide a highly reliable plastic waste processing device.

According to the fourth means, the bottom plate can be moved to a desired position by controlling the operating time of the air pump, and the bottom plate can be moved with a simple structure.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a plastic waste processing apparatus showing an embodiment of first and second means of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory view showing the movement of the bottom plate in the first, third and fourth means of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a vertical sectional view of a plastic waste processing apparatus showing another embodiment of the first and second means of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing the movement of the bottom plate in the second and third means of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a plastic waste processing apparatus showing an embodiment of third and fourth means of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 2 Storage container 3 Heating part 3C Hot air outlet (blowout port) 3D Hot air inlet (suction port) 5 Bottom plate 8 Pressurizing air-pump (air pump) 11 Air-bag

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification code Office reference number FI technical display area // B29K 105: 26

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A container for accommodating plastic dust and a heating unit for heating the plastic dust, the heating unit including an air blowing unit and a heat generating unit, and the hot air generated by the heating unit. An outlet and a suction port are opened in the upper part of the storage container, the hot air is circulated inside the storage container, and the bottom plate of the storage container is vertically movable, and the bottom plate is at or near the bottom dead center. Put the plastic dust in the lowered state, start heating, and after a certain period of time, raise the bottom plate to an intermediate position between the bottom dead center and the top dead center, and continue heating while holding the intermediate position, A plastic waste processing apparatus that raises the bottom plate to a top dead center after a predetermined heating time and performs compression volume reduction processing of the plastic waste. 2. A container for accommodating plastic dust, and a heating unit for heating the plastic dust. The heating unit includes an air blowing unit and a heat generating unit, and the hot air generated by the heating unit is An outlet and a suction port are opened in the upper part of the storage container, the hot air is circulated inside the storage container, and the bottom plate of the storage container is vertically movable, and the bottom plate is at or near the bottom dead center. Put the plastic dust in the state of being lowered to, start heating, and after a certain period of time, start raising the bottom plate,
A plastic waste processing apparatus that performs compression volume reduction processing of the plastic waste by raising the bottom plate so that the bottom plate finishes rising to the top dead center at or before and after a predetermined heating time. 3. An up-and-down movement of the bottom plate by using an air bag or a bellows arranged adjacently below the bottom plate of the storage container and an air pump communicating with the air bag or the bellows. The plastic waste processing apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, which is performed. 4. An air-pump or an air bag or bellows.
The plastic waste treatment device according to claim 3, wherein the bottom plate of the storage container is raised to an intermediate position by operating for a predetermined time calculated from the internal volume of the container and the discharge amount of the air pump.