JPH0814737A - Method and apparatus for low-temperature rapid dehydration and drying by high-speed fluid - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To considerably shorten a period of time required for dehydration and drying by having a high-speed jet flow and a high-speed negative-pressure flow directly and strongly sucking water droplets and steam from an article being dried to dry the latter while the flows are speeded up due to a synergistic effect. CONSTITUTION:A wet mat 1 formed by implanting a multiplicity of fibers 1a in a rubber sheet substrate 1b is secured as an article being dried to a moving mount base 2, a suction nozzle 3c on a suction pipe 3a is disposed on upper surfaces of the fibers 1a on the mat 1 to enable sliding contact therewith, and a suction port of a fan 4 is connected to the suction pipe 3a. The fan 4 is actuated to make a high-speed jet flow R from a discharge nozzle 3d reach near roots of the multiplicity of fibers 1a such that the high-speed jet flow R and a high-speed negative-pressure flow Q are increased in speed due to synergistic effect to dry the mat 1 while directly and strongly sucking water droplets and steam therefrom. Accordingly, it is possible to considerably shorten a period of time required for dehydration and drying and greatly save energy consumption without injuring the mat 1.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to low temperature rapid dehydration drying with a high-speed fluid used for drying sheet materials such as mats, carpets, woven fabrics, clothing, non-woven fabrics, synthetic resins, glass, film, cardboard and other flat parts. A method and apparatus.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art For drying mats, long cloths, sheets, etc., natural drying by outside air, heat drying, dehydration drying using centrifugal force, drying by ventilation, pressure dehydration drying, vacuum drying by decompression, etc. Is generally practiced. Of these, decompression,
Vacuum drying reduces the vapor pressure by depressurizing the chamber that contains the material to be dried, evaporates the moisture contained in the material to be dried and removes the heat of vaporization to dry it, causing the material to cool and freeze. Appears. In order to prevent this, the material to be dried has to be heated, which requires a large amount of heat energy and has a defect that it takes a long time to dry. Especially for domestic foot wipe mats and commercial foot wipe mats, various fibers are planted on the surface of the reinforcing rubber sheet, and the fabric is adhered to the rubber sheet, so there is no air permeability in the thickness direction of the mat, so it is dry. Was extremely difficult. Further, in hot air drying, a large amount of heat of vaporization heat energy is required because the moisture of the material to be dried is evaporated by heating air to dry it.

In addition, in the drying of a long and wide natural fiber or a dense woven fabric such as synthetic fiber or other cloth, synthetic resin sheet, paper or the like in the manufacturing process, precise temperature control is required for uniform heating and drying. Is required and a long time is required in the case of low temperature (about 60 ° C. or lower) drying. Further, when the tatami mat and the moss contain a large amount of moisture due to the high humidity during the rainy season, the conventional hot air drying method requires the use of hot air at a considerably high temperature and pressure, which may cause thermal deterioration of the material to be dried. Further, in the dehydration / drying method using centrifugal force, the material to be dried is stored in a high-speed rotating drum, and this is rotated at a high speed to impart centrifugal force to water to dehydrate the material. There was a defect that more than 75% could not be dehydrated and had to be dried again in the next step.

[0004]

In order to eliminate the above-mentioned defects, the present application utilizes a high-speed negative pressure flow or a combination of a high-speed negative pressure flow and a high-speed jet flow to cool the material to be dried at a low temperature (about 60 ° C. or less).
The present invention aims to provide a continuous low-temperature rapid dehydration drying method and apparatus capable of significantly reducing the time required for dehydration drying and drastically reducing energy consumption without damaging an object to be dried. .

[0005]

The present invention relates to the drying of a wet material to be dried, for example, a woven fabric, a flocked sheet, a carpet, or a mat lined with a non-breathable rubber sheet.
Suction the water adhering to the gaps between the fibers and the water infiltrating and adhering to the fibers themselves by a strong negative pressure flow of the nozzle,
Alternatively, by using a suction nozzle and a discharge nozzle to continuously dehydrate and dry while increasing the speed of both high-speed jet flow and high-speed negative pressure flow by the synergistic effect of the combination of high-speed jet flow and high-speed negative pressure flow. The water that has infiltrated and attached to itself is transferred to the negative pressure flow area of the suction nozzle while separating from the fiber, and put on the high-speed negative pressure flow of the suction nozzle to form fine water droplets. It is possible to continuously and efficiently perform rapid dewatering and drying at low temperature by transferring, and sucking and discharging by a suction pipe.

In the present invention, removing 70% or less of water from the material to be dried is referred to as simple dehydration, removing 70 to 86% of water is referred to as dehydration drying, and removing 86 to 95% of water is referred to as drying. Call it. 95 to 100 from the material to be dried
Removing% water is called absolute drying. Here, the above percentage means the ratio when the maximum water retention amount of the material to be dried is 100% and water is removed from this value. For example, if the maximum amount of water retention of the material to be dried is 1 kg and 0.9 kg of water is removed,
It is said to be 0% dry.

[0007]

[Embodiment 1] FIG. 3 shows an embodiment of a dehydrating apparatus of the present invention using a moisture suction nozzle 3c, and FIG. 4 shows an enlarged perspective view of the suction nozzle 3c. The wet mat 1 in which a large number of fibers 1a are planted in the air-impermeable rubber sheet substrate 1b is fixed on the movable mounting table 2 as a material to be dried, and the suction nozzle 3c of the suction pipe 3a is placed on the upper surface of the fibers 1a of the mat 1. It is arranged so that it can be brought into close proximity, preferably in sliding contact, and the suction port of the blower 4 is connected to the suction pipe 3a. The back surface of the mat substrate is heated by a planar heater Ph or the like. The mat 1 together with the mounting table 2 is indicated by an arrow P in the figure.
5 to 50 mm / sec. Move at the speed of. Generally, the range of negative pressure from the suction nozzle 3c is 1D.
It is said to be within (see Fig. 5), and suction nozzle 3 from 1D
The negative pressure rapidly increases as it approaches c. Here, the negative pressure means a pressure lower than the atmospheric pressure (1 kg / cm ² ).

When the blower 4 is operated, the moisture 12a adhering to the gap between the fibers 1a of the mat 1 and the layered moisture 12 infiltrated into the fibers 1a themselves by the high-speed negative pressure flow Q in the suction nozzle 3c of the suction pipe 3a as shown in FIG. (Hereinafter referred to as water film 12) is a continuous state of water drops being sucked up 1
3 (FIG. 7) and a large number of small water droplets 14 (FIG. 8) on the surface of the fiber 1a due to the surface tension of water, which are carried by the high-speed negative pressure flow and sucked out into the suction pipe 3a, and the mat 1 is dried. In this case, evaporation of water is also involved. In order to prevent the temperature of the mat itself from lowering due to the heat of vaporization due to this evaporation, heating is performed by the sheet heater Ph especially in winter to promote the drying. In this way, fine water droplets are generated from the lower portion to the upper portion of the fiber 1a, and the fine water droplets are carried by the high-speed negative pressure flow Q to the suction nozzle 3c, transferred to the suction pipe 3a, and discharged to the outside air by the blower.

In this embodiment, since the nozzle 3c is arranged at a position where the negative pressure flow Q is generated upward against the gravity, the negative pressure in the suction nozzle 3c is preferably -800 mmAq or more, and conversely the negative pressure flow Q is downward. When it is arranged at a position where the above occurs, it may be about -500 mmAq.

[0010]

[Embodiment 2] As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the structure 3 in which the suction nozzle 3c and the high-speed jet discharge nozzles 3d and 3d are adjacent to each other is used, and the suction nozzle 3c and the suction port 4a of the blower 4 are used.
And a water droplet separation tank 5 (see FIG. 1) are disposed between and. As shown in FIG. 9, the water drop separation tank 5 is provided with a water discharge pump 7A at the bottom of the tank and further with a water drop and dust filter 8. A dehumidifier 6 is arranged between the suction port 4a of the blower 4 and the water droplet separation tank 5 (see FIG. 1). A rotary honeycomb dehumidifier (see FIG. 10) is preferably used as the dehumidifier 6. Alternatively, a pressure swing adsorption (PSA) method or a thermal swing adsorption (TSA) method can be used. In FIG. 1, the mat 1 is placed on the movable mounting table 2 with the fibers 1a thereof facing upward.

Here, the structure 3 is fixed, and the mat 1 together with the movable mounting table 2 is 5 to 50 mm / s in the direction of arrow P in the figure.
ec. Move at the speed of. The upper surface of the fiber 1a of the mat 1 and the tip of the structural body 3 are brought into contact pressure and slide. A large number of fibers 12a of the wet mat 1 after washing are covered with a water film 12 as shown in FIG. 11, and a large amount of water 12a is accumulated between the fibers 1a. When the blower 4 (see FIG. 1) is operated, the high-speed jet stream R from the discharge nozzles 3d and 3d reaches deeply near the roots of the fibers as shown by the arrows in the figure, and the water film 12 and the fiber gaps on the surface of many fibers 1a are formed. Water 1
The water film 12 on the surface of the jetted fiber 1a is strongly blown down to the 2a, merges with the negative pressure area of the suction nozzle 3c, and the high-speed negative pressure flow is accelerated by the synergistic effect of the high-speed jet flow and the high-speed negative pressure flow. The membrane 12 and the moisture 12a in the fiber gap are transferred upward, and the water film around the fiber edge is subdivided into the continuous water droplets 13 shown in FIG. 12 and a large number of fine water droplets 14 as shown in FIG. It is sucked out and discharged to the outside and dehydrated and dried. Thus, continuous dewatering and drying can be performed by continuously transferring the mat 1. The fine water droplets and water vapor sucked along with the high-speed negative pressure flow Q are sent to the water droplet separation tank 5.

Since the cross-sectional area of the water drop separation tank 5 is remarkably wider than that of the suction pipe 3a as shown in FIG.
The flow velocity of is drastically reduced in the water drop separation tank 5. Therefore, the water drop 14 falls off from the air flow due to its own weight, and the water A at the bottom of the tank is discharged to the outside by using a positive displacement pump 7A such as a snake pump, an Archimedes pump, or a monoflex pump. Part of the water droplets and dust carried by the negative pressure flow Q ₁ are filtered by the filter 8 and clean air is transferred in the direction of the arrow Q ₂ in the drawing. As shown in FIG. 1, this clean air Q ₂ is dehumidified by the dehumidifier 6 and then fed into the suction port 4a of the blower 4 and again from the discharge port 4b of the blower 4 to the discharge nozzles 3d and 3d as a pressurized flow R _D. , A high-speed jet stream R from the discharge nozzles 3d, 3d to the matte fiber 1a
It spouts out strongly and thus is continuously dehydrated and dried. Instead of the positive displacement pump 7A in the water drop separation tank 5, a rotary valve 7B may be used as shown by a broken line in FIG. 9 to discharge water to the outside of the tank and store it in the container 10. In this case, the in-tank pressure Pt and the atmospheric pressure _Poa are always cut off by the action of the rotating rotary valve 7B and the seal plate 7C fixed to the peripheral edge of the rotary valve 7B.

As shown in FIG. 10, the dehumidifier 6 holds a honeycomb dehumidifying rotor 61 having a hygroscopic property in a casing 62 so that the rotor 61 can be driven and rotated. p. h. It rotates at a speed of 1 to 3 m / sec. By the blower 4 of moist air Q ₂ from which water droplets have been separated and removed in the water droplet separation tank 5 (FIG. 9). At a speed of 1 to the adsorption zone 65 of the rotor 61 in the direction of the arrow Q ₂ , and the moisture in the treated air Q ₂ is adsorbed and removed by the honeycomb rotor 61 to form dry air Q _3, and the high speed jet stream R is blown by the blower 4. _{As D} , the discharge pipes 3b, 3 of the structure 3 (FIG. 1)
supply to b.

On the other hand, the heater H controls the outside air OA to 100 to 1
The regeneration air RA heated to 40 ° C. is passed through the small through-holes in the regeneration zone 66 in the direction opposite to the treatment air Q ₂ (the direction of the arrow RA) to continuously heat and desorb the moisture adsorbed in the adsorption zone 65 to form the exhaust air EA. To do. Therefore, the adsorption zone 65 continuously supplies the air flow Q ₂ as dry air Q ₃ , which is supplied to the discharge pipes 3b, 3b.
Increase the drying rate by providing to b.

Next, FIG. 14 shows a flow pattern when one blower of this embodiment is used. When the temperature of the dry air Q ₃ is low, it is heated to 40 to 80 ° C. through the heater H ₂ to lower the relative humidity and spray the mat 1 as a high-speed jet stream to increase the drying speed. On the other hand, FIG. 15 shows a flow pattern in the case of using two blowers, a blower for discharge 4d and a blower for suction 4s, and the dehumidifier 6. Blower 4 for suction
s and the suction pipe 3a of the structural body 3 are connected to each other, and the air EA mixed with water droplets sucked by the blower 4s is discharged to the outside air. The rotary dehumidifier 6 is arranged in front of the suction port of the blower 4d, and the discharge port of the blower 4d and the discharge pipes 3b, 3
b is connected via a heater H ₂ . The outside air OA is fed into the adsorption zone of the dehumidifier 6 to remove the moisture in the outside air, pressurized by the blower 4d, further heated by the heater H ₂ , and heated by the discharge nozzles 3d and 3d as the dry high-speed jet stream R. High-speed drying while strongly spraying. In this case, the drying time can be shortened by about 40% as compared with the case without the dehumidifier 6.

When the mat is washed with a volatile liquid other than water and the wet mat is dried, as shown in FIG.
4, a volatile liquid vapor (VOC) adsorption / removal device 6 _voc is used instead of the dehumidifier 6 in the flow patterns of FIGS. In this case, for example, a honeycomb rotary type adsorption / removal device is used as the adsorption / removal device, and a honeycomb rotor carrying activated carbon, hydrophobic zeolite or the like as an adsorbent is used.
The honeycomb rotor adsorption / removal device 6 _voc has a VOC adsorption zone 65 and a regeneration zone 66 like the dehumidifier 6 of FIG. 10, and the air Q ₂ (passes through the gas-liquid separation tank 5 similar to the water droplet separation tank of FIG. 9 ( The VOCs in Fig. 14) are continuously adsorbed to form clean air, which is used as a drying jet stream.

By operating the blower 4 as shown in FIG. 14, the mat 1 wetted by the suction nozzle 3c of the structural body 3
Of the organic solvent is sucked out, and the air mixed with the organic solvent vapor is _sent into the adsorption zone 65 of the honeycomb rotor type adsorption / removal device 6 _voc through the gas-liquid separation tank 5 to _obtain the clean air Q ₃ from which the organic solvent vapor has been removed. It enters into the suction port, is pressurized, is heated by the heater H _2, and is strongly sprayed and dried on the wet mat 1 as a high-speed jet stream from the discharge nozzles 3d and 3d of the structural body 3. On the other hand, the honeycomb rotary adsorption removal device 6 _voc has about 120 to 120% of outside air OA in the regeneration zone.
The VOCs adsorbed in the adsorption zone 65 are continuously desorbed and discharged as exhaust air EA because they are heated to about 180 ° C. and fed as regeneration air RA.

When the mat is dried using a mixture of a volatile liquid and water, the rotary V is used.
It is also possible to use a honeycomb adsorption / removal device using an adsorbent that adsorbs water to the OC adsorption / removal element, for example, an element in which hydrophilic zeolite and hydrophobic zeolite are mixed.

1 and 2 show the structure 3 in which the suction nozzle 3c and the discharge nozzle 3d are closely and parallelly integrated with each other. As shown in FIG. 16, the discharge nozzle 3c discharges into the suction pipe 3a having the suction nozzle 3c. Structure 3 with built-in discharge pipe 3b having nozzle 3d or discharge pipe 3b having discharge nozzle 3d
Even if the constructing body 3 having the suction pipe 3a having the suction nozzle 3c therein is used, the function and effect are almost the same.
In this case, one air blower 4 may be used to circulate the air flow, or dewatering and drying may be performed using two air blowers 4 and 4d for suction and discharge as shown by broken lines in the figure.

[0020]

[Third Embodiment] As shown in FIG. 17, a driving pulley 18, a driven pulley 19, a tension pulley 20, a driven pulley 21, and a driven pulley 2 are provided.
2 is a low-temperature rapid dehydration / drying apparatus in which a linear endless conveyor 16 is erected on 2 and a structure 3 in which suction nozzles 3c and discharge nozzles 3d and 3d are integrally formed is arranged on the lower surface of the conveyor 16. As shown in FIG. 18, the conveyor 16 has a large number of filaments 16c arranged at appropriate intervals.
The drive pulley 18 and the driven pulley 19 are provided with grooves at which the linear members 16c can be fitted at intervals of the linear members. In this case, instead of the linear endless conveyor 16, a net-like endless conveyor 15 having a large opening ratio, for example, 10 mm vertically and horizontally, as shown in FIG. 19, may be used. The suction nozzle 3c of the structural body 3 communicates with the inlet of the water droplet separation tank 5 through the duct S _p1 , and the discharge nozzles 3d and 3d communicate with the outlet of the blower 4 through the duct D _{p and the} outlet of the water droplet separation tank 5. The suction port of the blower 4 is connected via the dehumidifier 6 by the duct _Sp2 . A plurality of pressing rollers 15e are arranged at positions to be pressed from the upper surface of the mat 1 so that the mat 1 to be dried is not lifted up by the jetting of a powerful high-speed jet stream from the discharge nozzles 3d, 3d of the structure 3. A plurality of the pressing rollers 1
5e is connected by a chain 17.

The operation will be described. The mat 1 is placed on the conveyor 16 with the fibers 1a on the lower surface, and is sandwiched by the motors M and Ma by the conveyor 16 and the pressing roller 15e, and is 6 to 10 mm / sec in the direction of arrow P in the figure. ． By moving the blower 4 at a speed of
3d, 3d is strongly blown so as to enter into the fibers 1a of the mat, and the mat is sucked from the suction nozzle 3c by the high-speed negative pressure flow increased by the synergistic effect of the jet flow and the negative pressure flow of the suction nozzle 3c. It dries water drops and water vapor in the fiber strongly and rapidly while continuously drying.

In this case, the static pressure in the suction nozzle is -800.
~ -1500mmAq, static pressure in discharge nozzle is +8
It was set to 00 to +1500 mmAq. The structure 3 used in this example is the structure shown in FIG. Further, in this embodiment, the structure 3 in which the suction nozzle and the discharge nozzle are integrally formed
However, the suction nozzles 3c and the discharge nozzles 3d may be separate nozzles, and the suction nozzles 3c and the discharge nozzles 3d may be alternately and closely arranged.

[0023]

Fourth Embodiment As shown in FIG. 20, as in the third embodiment (FIG. 17), the linear endless conveyor 16 is driven in the direction indicated by the arrow P, and the belt motor 15b is moved by the drive motor Ma through the drive pulley 18a in the direction indicated by the arrow. Then, the mat 1 is clamped and transferred at the same speed as the linear endless conveyor 16. The plurality of rollers 15e are for pressing the material to be dried from the back surface of the belt conveyor 15b. The first stage dewatering device 30 includes suction nozzles 3c, 3c and a discharge nozzle 3.
The structure 3A in which d is integrally combined is used, and the suction nozzles 3c, 3c and the blower 4 for suction of the structure 3A are used.
a suction port of s ₁ are connected by a duct Sp _1, the discharge nozzle 3
d and the discharge port of the discharge blower 4d ₁ are connected by the duct Dp ₁ . The second-stage drying device 40 uses the structure shown in FIG. 2, and the structure 3B is connected to the suction and discharge blowers by a duct as in the case of the first-stage dewatering device, and is connected to the front stage of the discharge blower 4d ₂ . The dehumidifier 6 and the heater H are arranged at the subsequent stage. The third-stage drying device 50 uses the structure 3B used in the second-stage drying device 40, and connects the suction port of the blower 4 and the suction nozzle 3c of the structure 3B to the duct through the water droplet separation tank 5 and the dehumidifier 6A. connected by sp _3, the discharge nozzles 3d constructs 3B and the discharge port of the blower 4, and 3d through the heater H which is linked with the duct Dp _3.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described. By driving the drive pulleys 18 and 18a of the linear endless conveyor 16 and the belt conveyor 15b, both conveyors 15b and 16 are rotated at the same speed in the direction of arrow P in the drawing to form a mat. The fiber 1 is sandwiched between the conveyors 15b and 16 with the fiber 1a being the lower surface, and is moved while being dehydrated and dried. First, in the first-stage dewatering device 30, by operating the blowers 4d ₁ and 4s ₁ for discharge and suction, a high-speed negative pressure flow is produced by the synergistic effect of the high-speed jet flow and the high-speed negative pressure flow as described in detail in the second embodiment. accelerated is allowed while suction nozzle 3c moisture in the mat fibers as fine water droplets, suction from 3c, successive dehydration by discharged from the suction blower 4s _1. In this case, the static pressure in the suction nozzle of the structure 3A is increased to -1300 mmAq, the static pressure in the discharge nozzle is set to +500 to +800 mmAq, and the maximum moisture retention mat moisture is removed by 70 to 86% to remove most of the moisture. Can be removed.

Next, the mat 1 dehydrated by the first stage dehydrator 30 is nipped and transferred by both conveyors 15b and 16 and dried by the structure 3B in the second stage dryer 40. The dehumidifier 6 is arranged in the preceding stage of the suction port of the discharge blower 4d ₂ of the second stage drying device 40 to remove the moisture of the outside air OA, and the heater H is interposed in the latter stage of the discharge port of the discharge blower 4d ₂ to dry air. The flow is heated to about 60 ° C., and is blown to the root of the mat fiber 1a as a high-temperature drying high-speed jet flow from the discharge nozzles 3d and 3d to perform drying, and the residual water dewatered in the first stage is removed to a water content of 86 to 90%. Remove. In this case, the static pressure in the suction nozzle of the structure 3B is -500 to -800 m.
mAq, static pressure in discharge nozzle is + 1300mmA
Increased to q. Further, the mat 1 is transferred to the third-stage drying device 50 which performs the final drying operation.

In the third-stage drying device 50, one blower 4 is operated to generate a high-speed, low-humidity high-speed jet stream in the mat fiber 1a.
The remaining water is rapidly sucked into the inside of the structure 3B through the suction nozzle 3c, water drops and dust are removed in the water drop separation tank 5, and the dehumidifier 6A dries the dried air to -20 to -50 ° C. About 8 from the discharge port to the heater H
A high-speed jet stream of high temperature and low humidity is again blown from the discharge nozzles 3d and 3d into the mat fiber 1a to accelerate the high-speed negative pressure flow to remove a small amount of water in the fiber and to perform the third stage drying operation. To complete. By this third-stage drying operation, 90 to 95% of residual water in the mat 1 is removed and the mat 1 is dried. In this case, the static pressure in the suction nozzle of the structure 3B is −
700 mmAq, static pressure in discharge nozzle is +1500 mm
It was set to Aq.

In this way, by adjusting the static pressure in the suction nozzle and the static pressure in the discharge nozzle of each component and performing three-stage dehydration / drying operation, it is possible to obtain almost 100% absolute drying, thus saving energy. The effect is great. In the third-stage drying device 50, one blower that circulates the airflow is used as described above, but two blowers, a suction blower 4 and a discharge blower 4d ₃ , are used as indicated by the broken line in the figure. May be. In this case, the sucked air is blown by the blower 4
Is discharged to the outside air as exhaust air EA from the discharge port of the other side, and a dehumidifier 6B is disposed in front of the suction port of the discharge blower 4d ₃ to dehumidify the outside air OA and heat the dry air with the heater H to discharge both discharge nozzles 3d, You may act on 3d. In this case, the dehumidifier 6A is unnecessary.

Further, the discharge nozzle 3d of the structure of this embodiment is constructed so that the high-speed jet stream R is jetted perpendicularly to the material to be dried, but as shown in FIG. If the discharge nozzle 3d is configured so that the high-speed jet stream R is ejected obliquely, the force of the high-speed jet stream R is divided into the component force R ₁ in the traveling direction of the article to be dried 1 as shown in FIG.
When divided into a component force R ₂ and a component force R ₂ perpendicular thereto, the component force R ₁ contributes to the transfer of the article to be dried 1 and the linear endless conveyor 16 and the power cost is reduced. On the contrary, as shown in FIG. 23, if the discharge nozzle 3d is configured so that the high-speed jet stream R is ejected obliquely in the direction opposite to the traveling direction of the material to be dried, the dehydration / drying can be performed in comparison with the case where the high-speed jet stream R is vertical. The suburbs ratio improves.

FIG. 24 shows a modification of the dehydration / drying apparatus of this embodiment. The wet mat 1 is sandwiched by the linear endless conveyor 16 and the pressing roller 15e, and transferred.
The mat 1 is formed by a pre-stage dewatering device 70 that uses two sets of the configuration body including the suction nozzle 3c and discharge nozzles 3d and 3d, and a post-stage drying device 80 that uses the same two sets of the configuration bodies used in the pre-stage dewatering device 70. It is dehydrated and dried.
In this case, the pre-stage dewatering device 70 enhances the dewatering effect by using the suction blower 4s and the discharge blower 4d, and the post-stage drying device 80 uses one blower to circulate the air flow to bring the water drop separation tank 5 and A dehumidifier 6 is arranged to improve the drying efficiency.

Further, depending on the material, size, thickness and the like of the material to be dried, a single or plural adjoining suction nozzles and plural discharge nozzles may be appropriately selected. Dehydration and drying may be carried out in a plurality of stages using a plurality of sets of the above-mentioned constituents. In this case, the blower may be used as a suction blower or a discharge blower, or one may be used for circulation. The static pressure in the suction nozzle and the static pressure in the discharge nozzle may be appropriately adjusted and selected.

[0031]

[Embodiment 5] An embodiment of drying a material to be dried, such as a carpet, in which air can flow in the thickness direction, will be described with reference to FIG.
A linear endless conveyor 16a is installed on the drive pulley 10 and the driven pulley 11, and the drive pulley 12 and the driven pulley 13 are provided.
The wire endless conveyor 16 is installed on the
The material to be dried, for example, the wet carpet 1A is sandwiched between the descending belt of a and the ascending belt of the conveyor 16 and conveyed in the direction of arrow P in the figure. As shown in FIG. 26, the suction nozzle 3c and the discharge nozzle 3d are opposed to each other, and the conveyor 16
It is arranged at a position where it contacts and slides with the surface of the article to be dried 1A via a and 16. Suction nozzle 3c is connected to the inlet of a water drop separating vessel 5 by a duct S _p1, the outlet and inlet of the blower 4 of the water drop separating vessel 5 are connected by ducts S _p2, midway dehumidifier duct S _p2 6 To place. Outlet of the blower 4 and the discharge nozzle 3d is connected with the duct D _p.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described. The conveyors 16 and 16a are rotated at the same speed by the motors M and Ma, and the breathable wet carpet 1A is placed on the conveyor 16 in the figure. 5 to 50 mm / se in the direction of arrow P
c. When the carpet 1A is moved at a speed of, the carpet 1A is nipped between the conveyor 16 and the conveyor 16a and is conveyed to a position where the suction nozzle 3d is opposed. When the blower 4 is operated, as shown in FIG. 26, the high-speed jet discharge nozzle 3d arranged at the contact sliding position on the lower surface of the ascending belt of the conveyor 16
Higher-speed jet flow R jets out, and this high-speed jet flow R
Due to this, the water contained in the carpet 1A becomes water drops and is blown upward together with the steam, and the high speed jet flow merges in the negative pressure flow region, and the high speed negative pressure flow causes the water drops and water vapor to be sucked out from the suction nozzle 3c and sent to the water droplet separation tank 5. The air from which the water droplets and dust have been removed is sent to the dehumidifier 6 and is sent as dry air to the discharge nozzle 3d by the blower 4, and the above steps are continued to perform continuous dehydration and drying.

[0033]

[Embodiment 6] As shown in FIG. 27, an apparatus comprising a pre-stage conveying apparatus 100 for conveying the mat 1 to be dried, a post-stage conveying apparatus 110, and a dehydration / drying section 90. The pre-stage conveying apparatus 100 drives an endless conveyor 15c to drive pulleys. 18, the driven pulleys 19, 21 and 22 are installed, the post-stage transport device 110 is provided with a plurality of transport drive rollers 15h, 15h, ..., And the dehydration / drying unit 90 is an endless conveyor 15b for sandwiching and transporting the mat 1. The roller 15g ...
The discharge nozzles 3d, 3d and the suction nozzle 3c are inserted between g and are arranged at positions where they contact and slide with the surface of the fiber 1a of the mat.
The discharge port of the discharge blower 4d and the discharge nozzle 3d are connected by the duct Dp via the heater H, and the suction port of the suction blower 4s and the suction nozzle 3c are connected by the duct Sp via the water droplet separation tank 5.

The mat 1 is placed on the conveyor 15c of the pre-stage conveying device 100 with the fiber 1a facing downward, and the drive motor M drives the drive pulley 18 to drive the conveyor 15c.
Is rotated in the direction of arrow P to move the mat 1 to the dehydration / drying section, and the dehydration / drying section 90 performs the dehydration / drying operation in the same manner as in Example 5, and the mat 1 is transferred to the post-stage conveyance device 110 and the conveyance drive roller 15
It is transferred by h, 15h ... and the dehydration drying is completed.
In this case, the rollers 15h, 15h ...
_It was made to rotate by ₁ , M ₂ . An endless conveyor may be used in the latter-stage conveying device instead of the conveying driving roller. Further, in this embodiment, two discharge nozzles and one suction nozzle are arranged between the transport rollers 15g, but the number or arrangement order of the discharge nozzles may be appropriately selected depending on the size and type of the material to be dried.

[0035]

The dehydration / drying method according to the present invention is based on an unprecedented idea and principle, and dehydration only by a high-speed negative pressure flow, and by combining a high-speed jet flow and a high-speed negative pressure flow, the dynamic pressure and the high-speed of the high-speed jet flow due to their synergistic effect. The suction force of the negative pressure flow removes the moisture contained in the material to be dried by dehydration drying by minimizing the evaporation heat energy of the water and forming most of the water into minute water droplets. Since no physical external force is applied, dehydration drying is performed in a short time without damaging the material to be dried.

A method of drying a flocked mat (see FIG. 28) lined with a rubber sheet which is difficult to dehydrate and dry as a material to be dried will be described. First, the operation of drying the wet mat with a dehydrating device that dehydrates only by using the suction nozzle 3c is as described in detail in Example 1 with reference to FIGS. Becomes a continuous water droplet 13 by the high-speed negative pressure flow Q, and the suction force of the suction nozzle 3c overcomes the surface tension and viscosity of the water droplet 13 and is subdivided into fine water droplets 14 as shown in FIG.
The water droplets adhering to the are removed while being put on a high-speed negative pressure flow, sucked into the suction pipe 3a, discharged to the outside air together with the steam, and dehydrated.

Next, the suction nozzle 3c and the discharge nozzle 3d,
The operation of dehydrating and drying 3d using adjacent construction bodies 3 is shown in FIGS. This is as described in the second embodiment with reference to FIGS. Explaining this dehydration drying principle,
The high-speed jet flow R merges in the high-speed negative pressure flow region, and due to the synergistic effect, the negative pressure flow increases and becomes a high-speed negative pressure flow. This high-speed negative pressure flow becomes a strong suction force in the fiber group and adheres to the wet mat fibers 1a. The water film 12 and the water 12a in the fiber gap (FIG. 11) become continuous water droplets 13 (FIG. 12), overcome the surface tension and viscosity thereof, and are subdivided into a large number of fine water droplets 14 (FIG. 13). The water droplets 14 are separated and placed on the high-speed negative pressure flow Q, sucked into the suction nozzle 3c, discharged to the outside air together with the steam, and dehydrated and dried. The drying time of the mat 1 only by the suction force by the suction nozzle 3c is set to the suction nozzle 3c and the discharge nozzle 3
It takes several times as long as the case where the construction body 3 in which d and 3d are adjacent to each other is used.

The graph of FIG. 29 shows the test results of dehydration and drying using only the second stage dehydration / drying apparatus 40 in Example 4 (FIG. 20). The drying conditions are as follows: the size of the flocked mat, which is the material to be dried, is 1 m × 1 m, and the mat feeding speed is 8.
3 mm / sec. The curve 3 in FIG. 29 shows the result of the drying test under the conditions that the temperature of the jet stream was 50 ° C., the static pressure in the suction nozzle was −1300 mmAq, and the static pressure in the discharge nozzle was +1300 mmAq. The net weight of the mat is 10
Since the weight after washing with 00 g and before dehydration was 1800 g, it contained 800 g of water (maximum water retention amount 800 g). Here, the drying rate is shown by the following equation. As shown by the curve 3 in the graph of FIG. 29, it took 120 seconds to perform 96% drying.

As a comparative example, curve 1 in the figure is data when dehydration is performed only by high-speed negative pressure flow using one suction nozzle, and curve 2 is data when dehydration-drying is performed only by high-speed jet flow using one discharge nozzle. Show the data. These data show that in the first half of drying, the drying rate is higher in the drying by the high-speed negative pressure flow of the suction nozzle, and in the latter half of the drying, the drying rate is higher in the drying by the high-speed jet flow of the discharge nozzle.

Next, in Example 4 (see FIG. 20), the dehydrating / drying apparatus 30, 40, 50 was used to construct the components 3A, 3
FIG. 30 shows the test result when three sets of B and 3B were used and drying was performed in three stages. As before, the net weight of the mat is 100
Wet mat weight of 0g and maximum water retention of 800g 180
The substance to be dried (0 g) was dehydrated by the first-stage dehydrator and then dried by the second and third-stage dehydrators, and as a result, a drying rate of 96% was obtained in 91 seconds. The drying condition at this time is that the static pressure in the suction nozzle 3c is -1500 mmAq in the first step, -700 mmAq in the second step, and -300 mmA in the third step.
q, static pressure in the discharge nozzle 3d is +300 mm in the first stage
Aq, + 1300mmAq in the second stage, +1 in the third stage
500 mmAq, mat feed rate is 10.9 mm / s
ec. , Jet flow temperature is 40 ° C in the first stage, 5 in the second stage
The temperature was changed from 0 ° C to 65 ° C in the third stage. In this way, the static pressure in the suction nozzle is increased in the initial stage, most of the water is removed while being sucked out, and it is set lower as proceeding to the later stage
On the other hand, if the static pressure in the discharge nozzle is set low in the initial stage and set higher as it progresses to the later stage, and the residual water after dehydration is removed and dried in the initial stage, the drying operation can be performed efficiently and the energy saving effect is great. Is.

The energy required for this is 5 blowers of 3.3 KWH, the jet flow heater is 3 KWH, the other drive motor is 0.5 kWh, and a total of about 20 KWH is required. It becomes a circle, and the drying time per 1 m × 1 m mat is about 90 seconds, which is 10 yen, which is an extremely low electricity cost.

[0042]

In the above examples, the mat made of the rubber sheet as the base material and the breathable carpet were explained as the material to be dried. However, other wide carpets, clothes, woven fabrics and other cloths, nonwoven fabrics, glass fiber sheets, synthetic It can be used for low-temperature drying after washing of textile sheets and other long sheets, artificial grass, moss, tatami, cardboard, fire hoses, electronic parts, etc., and of course during these manufacturing processes. That is.

In the drying of the mat, conventional dehydration drying utilizing centrifugal force, drying by combined use of reduced pressure and hot air, simple heat drying, etc. are used, but uniform drying cannot be obtained, and in the case of heat drying Must be dried at a relatively high temperature of 80 to 120 ° C., while low temperature drying at 50 ° C. or lower is necessary depending on the material of the dough, but low temperature drying has a drawback that it takes a long time. In the dewatering / drying apparatus using the high-speed negative pressure flow according to the present invention, the water adhering to the fiber surface and the fiber gap is evaporated and the negative pressure near the suction nozzle, for example, the high-speed negative pressure flow of -300 mmAq to -1500 mmAq, causes the water to physically move from the fiber surface. It is possible to remove fine water droplets by putting it on a high-speed negative pressure flow, prevent the temperature of the material to be dried from lowering due to vaporization of water, and do not require a large amount of heating energy, so-called low-temperature high-speed drying is possible,
The equipment is simplified, the cost is reduced, and the drying efficiency is extremely large.

In the present invention, when the high speed negative pressure flow from the suction nozzle and the high speed jet flow from the discharge nozzle are used together, the static pressure in the discharge pipe is +300 mmAq to +1500.
mmAq, static pressure in the suction pipe is -300 mmAq to -1
It is set to 500 mmAq, and dry air is blown from the discharge nozzle to the root of the fiber as a high-speed jet stream in the gaps between many fibers of the wet mat to promote drying and the jet stream is blown into the negative pressure flow area near the suction nozzle to achieve high-speed negative pressure flow and high speed. Due to the synergistic effect with the jet flow, the high-speed negative pressure flow is accelerated, moisture is instantaneously sucked and transferred to the nozzle, and dehydrated and dried, so that the drying effect is enhanced. In this case, for example, 40
It goes without saying that the drying effect is further increased by using hot air of ~ 65 ° C. For example, it has been found that the energy used is halved by using the dehydration / drying apparatus of the present invention in which the suction nozzle and the discharge nozzle are used in combination, as compared with the energy used in the case of performing conventional hot air drying for drying under the same conditions.

In using the dewatering / drying apparatus of the present invention, depending on the type of the material to be dried, for example, in the apparatus shown in FIG. 24 of the fourth embodiment, the suction nozzle 3c is actuated and the suction nozzle 3c alone is actuated to effect suction dewatering / drying. Alternatively, conversely, the suction nozzle 3c may not be operated and only the discharge nozzle 3d may be operated. Further, the static pressure of the discharge nozzle 3d and the suction nozzle 3c may be appropriately adjusted to perform dehydration / drying. In addition, FIG. 20 and FIG.
As shown in (Embodiment 4), by separating the pre-stage dewatering device for dehydrating in the pre-stage region and the post-stage drying device for drying in the post-stage region, the pressures of the respective jet streams and negative pressure flows are adjusted to adjust the drying energy. You can save money.

Further, in the present invention, since high temperature heating energy is not used, there is no deterioration of the material to be dried, damage due to friction is not great and there is no fear of wrinkling on the material to be dried. Dust that adheres, especially mites, lice and other harmful insects and their foreign substances such as eggs, are completely sucked and removed along with high-speed negative pressure flow along with water droplets, so cleaning and sterilization effects can also be exerted and it is clean and dry. You can get carpets, mats, etc.

Further, in the case of drying a fabric which is difficult to dry, for example, a clogged woven fabric or a fabric, the embodiment 4 (FIG. 20) is used.
As described above, in the first-stage area, the amount of water to be dried is large, so that the pressure in the suction pipe, that is, the value of the negative pressure is increased to increase the suction force by the negative pressure flow, and the pressure in the discharge pipe is decreased to reduce the jet flow. If the discharge pressure is set low and the jet flow pressure is set high and the negative pressure flow is set low to perform dehydration and drying, the drying efficiency is improved and the energy saving effect is improved. large.

The present invention has been described in detail above mainly with respect to the drying of the material to be dried which has been wet with water. It is washed and dried by using a volatile liquid other than water such as trichlorethylene or an organic solvent or a mixture of the liquid and water. When using the above-mentioned water droplet separation tank as a solvent and other droplet separation tank, instead of the dehumidifier or by using a solvent vapor adsorption removal device together with the dehumidifier to concentrate and recover the solvent, or use it as a fuel Therefore, it can be used as a low temperature rapid drying device in the same manner.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional explanatory view showing an example of a dehydration / drying apparatus of a second embodiment of the present invention using a structure having a suction nozzle and a discharge nozzle.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a structure used in FIG. 1 in a dehydration / drying apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing a dehydrator according to a first embodiment of the present invention using only a suction nozzle.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a suction nozzle used in the first embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a vertical sectional view for explaining the inner diameter D of the suction nozzle used in the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of a state in which a suction nozzle is brought into contact with a mat in which fibers are covered with a water film.

FIG. 7 is an enlarged view showing a state where the fiber surface of the mat is covered with continuous water droplets by the negative pressure flow of the suction nozzle.

FIG. 8 is an enlarged view showing a state in which fine water droplets are formed by a negative pressure flow of a suction nozzle.

FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of a water drop separation tank.

FIG. 10 is a partially cutaway perspective view of a dehumidifier using a honeycomb rotor.

FIG. 11 is an enlarged view of a state in which the structure is brought into contact with a mat whose fiber surface is covered with a water film.

FIG. 12 is an enlarged view showing a state where the fiber surface of the mat is covered with continuous water droplets by the negative pressure flow and the jet flow from the structural body.

FIG. 13 is an enlarged view showing a state in which fine water droplets are generated on the fiber surface of the mat due to the negative pressure flow and the jet flow from the structural body.

FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of a dewatering / drying apparatus showing a second embodiment of the present invention showing a flow pattern when one blower is used.

FIG. 15 is a schematic view of a dewatering / drying apparatus showing a second embodiment of the present invention showing a flow pattern when two blowers, a blower for discharge and a blower for suction, are used.

FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view of a dewatering / drying apparatus showing a second embodiment in which a constituent body in which a discharge pipe is built in a suction pipe is used.

FIG. 17 is a sectional view of a dehydration / drying apparatus showing a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 18 is a plan view of the linear endless conveyor.

FIG. 19 is a plan view of a mesh endless conveyor.

FIG. 20 is a sectional view of a three-stage dewatering / drying apparatus showing a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 21 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a modified example of the structure used in the fourth embodiment.

22 is an enlarged view of the discharge nozzle in FIG. 21 in which the combined vector R of the jet flow is decomposed into the vectors R ₁ and R ₂ .

FIG. 23 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a modified example of the structure used in the fourth embodiment.

FIG. 24 is a sectional view showing a modified example of the dehydration / drying apparatus showing the fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 25 is a sectional view of a dehydration / drying apparatus showing a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

26 is an enlarged view of a structural body portion for dehydrating and drying the material to be dried in FIG. 25.

FIG. 27 is a sectional view showing a sixth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 28 is an enlarged sectional view of the mat.

FIG. 29 is a graph showing the drying results of a dehydration / drying apparatus using one set of the constitutional body of the present invention.

FIG. 30 is a graph showing the drying results of a three-stage dehydration / drying apparatus using three sets of the constructs of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 mat 1a mat fiber 1b mat base 2 moving mounting table 3a suction pipe 3b discharge pipe 3c suction nozzle 3d discharge nozzle 4 blower 5 water drop separation tank 6 dehumidifier 12 water film 13 continuous water drop 14 fine water drop P mat movement direction Q High-speed negative pressure flow R High-speed jet flow

Claims (14)

[Claims] 1. A wet material to be dried which is being transferred is arranged so as to approach or slide to the tips of a suction nozzle and a discharge nozzle, and a high-speed jet stream and a high-speed negative pressure flow act on the wet material to be dried. A method and an apparatus for low-temperature rapid dewatering and drying, characterized in that both high-velocity streams are accelerated by their synergistic effect while directly sucking water droplets and water vapor more strongly than the material to be dried. 2. A single or a plurality of suction nozzles and a single or a plurality of discharge nozzles are alternately arranged in combination, and a wet material to be dried which is being transferred approaches or slides on the tip portions of the suction nozzle and the discharge nozzle. The method and apparatus for low-temperature rapid dehydration and drying according to claim 1, wherein the dehydration and drying time is shortened by arranging and operating as described above. 3. An initial stage in which the material to be dried contains a large amount of water when a plurality of suction nozzles and / or a plurality of discharge nozzles are brought close to or slid on the surface of the material to be dried during transfer to dehydrate and dry. Then, the suction pressure of the suction nozzle is increased to suck and dehydrate the material to be dried in the form of water droplets. Next, when the material to be dried is sufficiently dehydrated, the discharge pressure is strengthened and heat deterioration of the material to be dried does not occur. The method and apparatus for low-temperature rapid dehydration drying according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the temperature of the jet stream is increased to accelerate the drying. 4. A discharge pipe having a discharge nozzle is built in a suction pipe having a suction nozzle, and a high-speed jet flow and a high-speed negative pressure flow of both nozzles are made to act on a wet material to be dried during transfer. A method and an apparatus for low-temperature rapid dehydration drying, characterized in that water droplets and water vapor are sucked and strongly dried directly from an object to be dried while being accelerated by a synergistic effect of both high-speed flows. 5. A suction pipe having a suction nozzle is incorporated in a discharge pipe having a discharge nozzle, and a high speed jet flow and a high speed negative pressure flow of both nozzles are made to act on a wet material to be dried during transfer. A method and an apparatus for low-temperature rapid dehydration drying, characterized in that water droplets and water vapor are sucked and strongly dried directly from an object to be dried while being accelerated by a synergistic effect of both high-speed flows. 6. A low-temperature rapid dewatering / drying method and apparatus comprising a suction pipe having the discharge pipe according to claim 4 or 5, and a plurality of discharge pipes having the suction pipe. 7. A jet flow from a discharge nozzle is jetted obliquely to the surface of the object to be dried.
7. A method and an apparatus for low temperature rapid dehydration drying according to claim 6. 8. A wet material to be dried during transfer is arranged so as to approach or slide to the tip of one or more suction nozzles, and water droplets and water vapor are directly sucked from the material to be dried by a high-speed negative pressure flow. A method and an apparatus for low-temperature rapid dehydration drying, which comprises drying while drying. 9. The method and apparatus for low temperature rapid drying according to claim 1, wherein the material to be dried is a material to be dried which is wet with a volatile liquid other than water or a mixture of the liquid and water. 10. A low-temperature rapid dewatering / drying method and apparatus comprising a water droplet separation tank disposed between the suction nozzle according to claim 1 and the suction port of a blower. 11. The method and apparatus for low-temperature rapid dehydration drying according to claim 1, wherein a dehumidifier is arranged in front of the suction port of the blower for discharge. 12. The material to be dried is a material to be dried which is wet with a volatile liquid other than water or a mixture of the liquid and water, and a gas-liquid separation tank is disposed between the suction nozzle and the suction port of the blower. The method and apparatus for low temperature rapid drying according to claim 9. 13. An article to be dried is a article to be dried which is wet with a volatile liquid other than water or a mixture of the liquid and water, and an air flow is circulated by using one blower for both suction and discharge. In this case, the method and apparatus for low-temperature rapid drying according to claims 9 and 12, wherein a volatile liquid vapor adsorption / removal device is arranged between the suction port and the suction nozzle of the blower. 14. The means for transferring the material to be dried is composed of an endless conveyor having a large number of filaments arranged in parallel at appropriate intervals, a mesh endless conveyor, a porous endless belt conveyor, or an endless conveyor using rollers. Is a roller or an endless belt conveyor, and presses and holds the material to be dried for transfer.
14. A method and apparatus for low temperature rapid drying according to claim 13.