JPH0814685A - Air-conditioner - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve cooling capacity and heating capacity by regulating an air temperature to match with a set air temperature and to relax limitation of an installation place. CONSTITUTION:In an opening computing part 26 wherein the suction air temperature value of an outdoor heat-exchanger 5 is set, the opening computing part 26 inputs the detecting values of a suction air temperature sensor 24 and an open air temperature sensor 25, decides an optimum valve opening to heat and maintain suction air of the outdoor heat-exchanger 5 at a set value and a signal therefor is outputted to a flow rate regulation valve 27. The flow regulation valve 27 receives a signal and is regulated to an optimum valve opening to regulate an amount of water flowing to a preheater 23. This constitution regulates the temperature of open air sucked through an open air suction port 22 of an outdoor unit 1 by a preheater 23 so that the temperature of open air is not reduced to a value lower than a set value and discharges air, the temperature of which is regulated, to the outside of the outdoor unit 1 after the passage of it from the outdoor heat-exchanger 5 through an open air discharge port 28 by an outdoor blower 7.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an air heat source heat pump type air conditioner and an air cooling type air conditioner exclusively for cooling.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A conventional air heat source heat pump type air conditioner generally has a structure as shown in the refrigerant system diagram of FIG.
One outdoor unit 1 and one or more units (1 in FIG.
The indoor unit 2 of the table is connected by a refrigerant pipe.

The outdoor unit 1 basically comprises a compressor 3, a four-way switching valve 4, an outdoor heat exchanger 5, an outdoor blower motor 6,
An outdoor blower 7 and an accumulator 16 are provided, and a liquid pipe 8 for transmitting a refrigerant, a throttle 9, and a check valve 10 are provided. Further, in the liquid pipe 8, the throttle 9 and the check valve 10 are provided. They are arranged in parallel. The indoor unit 2 is composed of a motor 13, a fan 14, and an indoor heat exchanger 15, and a throttle 12 is arranged in a liquid pipe 11 for transmitting a refrigerant.

During the cooling operation, the gas refrigerant discharged from the compressor 3 enters the outdoor heat exchanger 5 via the four-way switching valve 4 according to the path indicated by the solid line arrow in FIG. Outdoor blower 7 driven by 6
By radiating heat to the outside air introduced by, it is condensed and liquefied. The liquid refrigerant enters the indoor unit 2 via the liquid pipe 8 and the check valve 10. The liquid refrigerant is the indoor unit 2
After being adiabatically expanded by being throttled by the throttle 12 via the internal liquid pipe 11, it enters the indoor heat exchanger 15, where the indoor air introduced by the fan 14 driven by the motor 13 is cooled and evaporated. Vaporize. As a result, the generated gas refrigerant returns to the indoor unit 1 and is sucked into the compressor 3 via the four-way switching valve 4 and the accumulator 16.

During the heating operation, the four-way switching valve 4 is switched in the opposite manner to that during the cooling operation, and the gas refrigerant discharged from the compressor 3 follows the path indicated by the broken line arrow in FIG. The indoor heat exchanger 15, the throttle 12, the throttle 9 in the indoor unit 1, the outdoor heat exchanger 5, the four-way switching valve 4,
It returns to the compressor 3 through the order of the accumulator 16. In the indoor heat exchanger 15, the indoor air is heated while the gas refrigerant from the compressor 3 is radiatively condensed.

In the case of the air-cooling type air conditioner for exclusive use of cooling, the outdoor unit 1 shown in FIG. 8 has a configuration in which the four-way switching valve 4, the throttle 9 and the check valve 10 are removed, and the direction of movement of the refrigerant is indicated by the solid arrow. There is only one direction.

FIG. 9 is a sectional view showing the structure of the outdoor unit 1. An outdoor heat exchanger 5, an outdoor blower motor 6, and an outdoor blower 7 are arranged in the outdoor unit main body portion 21, and the outdoor unit main body 21 has an outdoor air intake port 22 and an outdoor air outlet port 28. There is. In FIG. 9, when the outdoor blower motor 6 is driven, the outdoor blower 7 rotates, and the outside air is introduced into the outdoor unit main body portion 21 through the outside air suction port 22. Next, in the outdoor heat exchanger 5,
During the cooling operation, the gas refrigerant is condensed and liquefied, and during the heating operation, the liquid refrigerant is vaporized and evaporated, and the outside air is cooled and heated, respectively.
It passes through the outside air outlet 28 and is discharged to the outside of the outdoor unit 1. Also, in the case of an air-conditioning dedicated air conditioner,
As a matter of course, only the operation during the cooling operation is performed.

Generally, the outdoor unit 1 is installed exposed on the roof of a building, etc., but when it is applied to a luxury hotel, a ship, etc., an outdoor unit room surrounding the outdoor unit 1 is taken into consideration in terms of aesthetics. May be provided. Figure 10
Is a cross-sectional view showing the installation in the outdoor unit room,
The outdoor unit 1 is installed inside the outdoor unit chamber 41. The unit chamber inlet 42 and the unit chamber outlet 43 are the outside air inlet and outlet arranged in the outdoor unit chamber 41.

FIG. 11 shows a heating characteristic and FIG. 12 shows a cooling characteristic when the conventional air-heat-source heat pump type air conditioner shown in FIG. 8 is used. FIG. 11 shows an outside air temperature of 5 ° C. DB,
The heating capacity at 4.1 ° C WB (however, ° CDB is the outdoor dry-bulb temperature and ° CWB is the outdoor wet-bulb temperature) is set to 1.0, and Fig. 12 is used.
[Fig. 6] is a diagram showing the ratio of each capacity change to the change in outside air temperature when the cooling capacity is set to 1.0 when the outside air temperature is 30 ° C DB.

[0010]

In the above-described conventional air-heat-source heat pump type air conditioner, the cooling capacity decreases and the heating capacity decreases as the outside air temperature decreases. Also, the outside air temperature is 3 during heating operation.
When the temperature becomes approximately equal to or lower than 0 ° C., frost is formed on the surface of the outdoor heat exchanger 5, so that the capacity is further reduced by 5 to 15% from the heating capacity shown in FIG. 11. On the other hand, since the indoor cooling load increases as the outside air temperature increases and the heating load increases as the outside air temperature decreases, there is a problem that the imbalance between the cooling and heating load and the cooling and heating capacity of the air heat source heat pump type air conditioner further expands. is there. To solve this problem, measures such as upgrading the capacity class of the air conditioner (cooling and heating), incorporating an auxiliary heater inside the indoor unit 2 (heating), and separately installing a heating device such as a stove in the room (heating) are taken. In cold regions, it was difficult to apply the air-heat source heat pump type air conditioner.

In addition, because of the architectural design, the installation location of the outdoor unit 1 is often restricted, and the following problems occur. (1) A short circuit occurs in which part of the blown air in the outdoor unit 1 mixes with the sucked air and is sucked in, and the sucked air temperature rises above the outside air temperature during cooling or falls below the outside air temperature during heating, resulting in cooling and heating capacity. Is further reduced. In order to deal with this, measures are taken to install a blow-off air direction guide plate, an intake / exhaust partition plate, and the like.

(2) Introduction of outside air to the outside of the outdoor unit 1,
Since the exhaust air passage is not sufficiently provided, the amount of air blown from the outdoor unit 1 is reduced, and the cooling / heating capacity is further reduced. To address this, measures such as expanding the air passage by changing the architectural design and adding booster fans will be taken.

(3) The outdoor unit 1 may suck in the air blown out from other outdoor units. Therefore, the air blown out when the temperature of the air taken in is higher than the temperature of the outside air during cooling, and the temperature of the air taken in during the heating. Sucks in the blown air whose temperature is lower than the outside air temperature, which further reduces the cooling and heating capacity. For this, additional installation of partition walls, partition plates, etc.,
Alternatively, measures such as changing the installation location of the outdoor unit 1 or another outdoor unit are taken.

The problems listed in (1) to (3) often make it difficult to take complete measures due to architectural restrictions, and further lower the cooling and heating capacity. Regarding the conventional air-cooling type air conditioner, among the above problems,
The problem is the cooling capacity deterioration.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and does not lower the intake air temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger to a temperature equal to or lower than the predetermined temperature for heating when the outside air temperature decreases during the heating operation, and the cooling is performed. When the outside air temperature rises during operation, an air heat source heat pump type air conditioner that does not raise the intake air temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger to a temperature equal to or higher than the predetermined temperature for cooling, and can alleviate restrictions on the installation location. In addition, when the outside air temperature rises during operation, the temperature of the intake air of the outdoor heat exchanger does not rise above a predetermined temperature, and the restrictions on the installation location can be relaxed. The purpose is to provide a harmony machine.

[0016]

A first invention is a compressor,
An air heat source heat pump type air conditioner in which a four-way switching valve, an outdoor heat exchanger, an outdoor unit having a blower and an indoor heat exchanger, an indoor unit having a blower are connected by a refrigerant pipe, wherein the outdoor unit in the outdoor unit It is characterized by comprising a preheater arranged on the upstream side of the heat exchanger and a preheater capacity adjusting means for heating and maintaining the intake air of the outdoor heat exchanger at a predetermined temperature.

A second invention is an air heat source heat pump type in which an outdoor unit having a compressor, a four-way switching valve, an outdoor heat exchanger, and a blower is connected to an indoor heat exchanger and an indoor unit having a blower by a refrigerant pipe. In an air conditioner, an auxiliary heat exchanger arranged upstream of the outdoor heat exchanger in the outdoor unit and the auxiliary heat exchanger are switched to a preheater during heating operation and a precooler during cooling operation. The present invention is characterized by comprising switching means and auxiliary heat exchanger capacity adjusting means for heating and maintaining the intake air of the outdoor heat exchanger at a predetermined temperature during heating operation and cooling and maintaining it during cooling operation.

A third invention is an air heat source heat pump type in which an outdoor unit having a compressor, a four-way switching valve, an outdoor heat exchanger, and a blower is connected to an indoor heat exchanger and an indoor unit having a blower by a refrigerant pipe. In an air conditioner, a preheater disposed outside the outdoor unit, an outdoor unit chamber surrounding the preheater and the outdoor unit, and a preheater capacity for heating and maintaining the intake air of the outdoor unit to a predetermined temperature. And an adjusting means.

A fourth invention is an air heat source heat pump type in which an outdoor unit having a compressor, a four-way switching valve, an outdoor heat exchanger, and a blower is connected to an indoor heat exchanger and an indoor unit having a blower by a refrigerant pipe. In the air conditioner, an auxiliary heat exchanger arranged outside the outdoor unit, an outdoor unit chamber surrounding the auxiliary heat exchanger and the outdoor unit, and a preheater during the heating operation of the auxiliary heat exchanger, A switching means for switching to a precooler during the cooling operation, and an auxiliary heat exchanger capacity adjusting means for heating and maintaining the intake air of the outdoor unit to a predetermined temperature during the heating operation and cooling and maintaining it during the cooling operation are provided. Characterize.

A fifth aspect of the present invention is an air-conditioning dedicated air conditioner in which an outdoor unit having a compressor, an outdoor heat exchanger and a blower and an indoor unit having an indoor heat exchanger and a blower are connected by a refrigerant pipe. A precooler arranged upstream of the outdoor heat exchanger in the outdoor unit, and precooler capacity adjusting means for cooling and maintaining the intake air of the outdoor heat exchanger at a predetermined temperature. It is characterized by

A sixth aspect of the present invention is an air-cooling type air conditioner for exclusive use of cooling, wherein a compressor, an outdoor heat exchanger, an outdoor unit having a blower and an indoor unit having an indoor heat exchanger and a blower are connected by a refrigerant pipe. A precooler arranged outside the outdoor unit, an outdoor unit chamber surrounding the precooler and the outdoor unit, and a precooler capacity adjustment for cooling and maintaining the intake air of the outdoor unit at a predetermined temperature Means and means are provided.

[0022]

[Action]

(First Invention) The preheater capacity adjusting means in the present invention stores a set value of the intake air temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger. In this state, the preheater capacity adjusting means calculates the optimum valve opening degree for heating and maintaining the intake air of the outdoor heat exchanger to the above set value from the temperature and the outside air temperature inside the outdoor unit and the above set value. Then, adjust the amount of water flowing to the preheater. Next, the outside air sucked into the outdoor unit is temperature-adjusted by the preheater as intake air of the outdoor heat exchanger so that the temperature does not fall below the set value, and the temperature-adjusted air from the outdoor heat exchanger is adjusted. Are released to the outside of the outdoor unit.

By the above operation, even if the outside air temperature decreases during the heating operation, the intake air temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger does not decrease below the above set value, and therefore the heating capacity is reduced even when the outside air temperature decreases. Is never reduced.

(Second invention) The auxiliary heat exchanger capacity adjusting means stores heating and cooling set values of the intake air temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger. When the auxiliary heat exchanger capacity adjusting means is set for heating by the switching means, a switching signal is input from the switching means to the auxiliary heat exchanger capacity adjusting means to cause the auxiliary heat exchanger capacity adjusting means to supply hot water. The hot water supply port is selected from the mouth and the cold water supply port, and the hot water is supplied to the auxiliary heat exchanger. Further, the amount of hot water supplied to the auxiliary heat exchanger is adjusted by the auxiliary heat exchanger capacity adjusting means according to the heating set value. Next, the outside air drawn into the outdoor unit is temperature-adjusted by the auxiliary heat exchanger as the intake air of the outdoor heat exchanger so that the temperature does not fall below the heating set value, and the temperature from the outdoor heat exchanger is changed to the above temperature. The conditioned air is discharged to the outside of the outdoor unit.

Next, when the auxiliary heat exchanger capacity adjusting means is switched to cooling by using the switching means, a switching signal is input from the above switching means to the auxiliary heat exchanger capacity adjusting means and the auxiliary heat exchanger capacity is changed. The adjusting means selects the cold water supply port from the hot water supply port and the cold water supply port, and the cold water is supplied to the auxiliary heat exchanger. Further, the amount of cold water supplied to the auxiliary heat exchanger is adjusted by the auxiliary heat exchanger capacity adjusting means according to the set value for cooling. Next, the temperature of the outside air sucked into the outdoor unit is adjusted by the auxiliary heat exchanger as the suction air of the outdoor heat exchanger so that the temperature does not exceed the set temperature for cooling, and the temperature from the outdoor heat exchanger is adjusted to the above temperature. The conditioned air is discharged to the outside of the outdoor unit.

With the above operation, even if the outside air temperature decreases during the heating operation, the intake air temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger does not decrease below the heating set value, so that the heating capacity does not decrease, and Even if the outside air temperature rises during the cooling operation, the intake air temperature does not rise above the cooling set value, so the cooling capacity does not drop.

(Third invention) The preheater capacity adjusting means includes:
The set value for heating the intake air temperature of the outdoor unit is stored. In this state, the preheater capacity adjusting means calculates the optimum valve opening degree for heating and maintaining the intake air of the outdoor unit to the above set value from the temperature and the outside air temperature inside the outdoor unit and the above set value. Adjust the amount of water flowing to the preheater. As a result, the outside air sucked into the outdoor unit chamber is temperature-adjusted by the preheater as the intake air of the outdoor unit so that the temperature does not fall below the set value, and enters the outdoor unit. The heat is discharged from the outdoor heat exchanger to the outside of the outdoor unit and further discharged to the outside of the outdoor unit chamber.

By the above operation, even if the outside air temperature decreases during the heating operation, the intake air temperature of the outdoor unit does not decrease below the set value, and therefore the heating capacity decreases even if the outside air temperature decreases. There is nothing to do.

(Fourth Invention) The auxiliary heat exchanger capacity adjusting means stores set values for heating and cooling the intake air temperature of the outdoor unit. When the auxiliary heat exchanger capacity adjusting means is set by the switching means for heating, a switching signal is input from the switching means to the auxiliary heat exchanger capacity adjusting means so that the auxiliary heat exchanger capacity adjusting means supplies hot water. The hot water supply port is selected from the mouth and the cold water supply port, and the hot water is supplied to the auxiliary heat exchanger. Further, the amount of hot water supplied to the auxiliary heat exchanger is adjusted by the auxiliary heat exchanger capacity adjusting means according to the heating set value. As a result, the outside air sucked into the outdoor unit chamber enters the outdoor unit as the suction air of the outdoor unit by the auxiliary heat exchanger so that the temperature is adjusted so that the temperature does not fall below the temperature set for heating.
The temperature-controlled air is discharged from the outdoor heat exchanger to the outside of the outdoor unit, and further to the outside of the outdoor unit chamber.

Next, when the auxiliary heat exchanger capacity adjusting means is switched to cooling by using the switching means, a switching signal is input from the switching means to the auxiliary heat exchanger capacity adjusting means, and the auxiliary heat exchanger capacity is changed. The adjusting means selects the cold water supply port from the hot water supply port and the cold water supply port, and the cold water is supplied to the auxiliary heat exchanger. Further, the amount of cold water supplied to the auxiliary heat exchanger is adjusted by the auxiliary heat exchanger capacity adjusting means according to the set value for cooling. As a result, the outside air sucked into the outdoor unit chamber is adjusted by the auxiliary heat exchanger as intake air of the outdoor unit so that the temperature does not exceed the set temperature for cooling and enters the outdoor unit, and the temperature adjustment is performed. The generated air is discharged from the outdoor heat exchanger to the outside of the outdoor unit, and further to the outside of the outdoor unit chamber.

By the above operation, even if the outside air temperature decreases during the heating operation, the intake air temperature of the outdoor unit does not decrease below the heating set value, so that there is no decrease in the heating capacity and the cooling operation. Even if the outside air temperature rises during operation, the suction air temperature does not rise above the cooling set value, so the cooling capacity does not drop.

(Fifth Invention) The precooler capacity adjusting means stores the set value of the intake air temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger. In this state, the precooler capacity adjusting means sets the optimum valve opening degree for cooling and maintaining the temperature inside the outdoor unit and the outside air temperature, and the intake air of the outdoor heat exchanger from the above set value to the above set value. It is calculated and determined, and the amount of water flowing to the precooler is adjusted. Further, the outside air sucked into the outdoor unit is temperature-adjusted by the precooler as intake air of the outdoor heat exchanger so that the temperature does not exceed the set temperature, and the temperature-adjusted air from the outdoor heat exchanger is used. Are released to the outside of the outdoor unit.

By the above operation, the intake air temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger does not rise above the set value even if the outside air temperature rises during operation, so the cooling capacity does not drop.

(Sixth Invention) The preset value of the intake air temperature of the outdoor unit is stored in the precooler capacity adjusting means. In this state, the precooler capacity adjusting means calculates the optimum valve opening degree for cooling and maintaining the intake air of the outdoor unit to the above set value from the temperature inside the outdoor unit and the outside air temperature and the above set value. Then, the amount of water flowing to the precooler is adjusted. As a result, the outside air sucked into the outdoor unit chamber enters the outdoor unit as the suction air of the outdoor unit by the precooler so that the temperature does not exceed the set temperature, and the temperature-adjusted air is introduced. Is discharged from the outdoor heat exchanger to the outside of the outdoor unit, and is further discharged to the outside of the outdoor unit chamber.

By the above operation, the intake air temperature of the outdoor unit does not rise above the set value even if the outside air temperature rises during operation, so the cooling capacity does not drop.

[0036]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. (First Embodiment) FIG. 1 is a control block diagram of an air heat source heat pump type air conditioner according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

In FIG. 1, 1 is an outdoor unit,
The outdoor unit main body 21, which is the main body of the outdoor unit 1, includes an outdoor heat exchanger 5 and a preheater such as a hot water heater arranged upstream of the outdoor heat exchanger 5, that is, a preheater 23.
An intake air temperature sensor 24 that detects the temperature of the air that is heated by the preheater 23 between the outdoor heat exchanger 5 and the preheater 23 and that is sucked into the outdoor heat exchanger 5, and an outdoor blower that drives the outdoor blower 7. Motor 6 and an outdoor blower 7 that emits temperature-adjusted air to the outside of the outdoor unit 1. The outdoor unit 1 also has an outside air inlet 22 that is an inlet for outside air and a temperature adjustment inside the outdoor unit 1. An outside air outlet 28, which is a portion for discharging the generated air to the outside of the outdoor unit 1, is provided. Further, outside the outdoor air unit 1, an opening calculation section 26 is provided as a preheater capacity adjusting means, and the opening calculation section 26 includes a central processing unit (CPU) and an A / D converter. It is built in, and the set value of the intake air temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger 5 and a predetermined calculation program are stored. Opening degree calculation unit 26
Is the detected value of the intake air temperature sensor 24 for detecting the intake air temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger 5 inside the outdoor unit 1, the detected value of the outside air temperature sensor 25 for detecting the outside air temperature, and the set value of the intake air temperature. Therefore, the valve opening degree of the flow rate adjusting valve 27 is controlled in order to adjust the intake air temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger 5. The opening degree calculating unit 26 is connected to a flow rate adjusting valve 27 whose valve opening degree is optimally adjusted based on the calculation result of the opening degree calculating unit 26.
It is arranged in the water supply pipe of the preheater 23.

Next, the operation of the above embodiment will be described.
In FIG. 1, the opening calculation unit 26 has a preset value of the intake air temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger 5 (for example, 5 ° C. DB, 4.1).
° C WB) is stored. The opening degree calculation unit 26 takes in the detected values of the intake air temperature sensor 24 and the outside air temperature sensor 25, and based on the detected values and the set values, sets the intake air of the outdoor heat exchanger 5 to the set values according to a calculation program. Calculate and determine the optimal valve opening to heat and maintain
The signal is output to the flow rate adjusting valve 27. Flow rate adjustment valve 27
Receives the above signal and is adjusted to the optimum valve opening degree, and the amount of water flowing to the preheater 23 is adjusted. In this state,
The outdoor unit main body 2 which is the main body of the outdoor unit 1
The temperature of the outside air sucked into the outdoor unit 1 from the outside air intake port 22 of No. 1 is adjusted by the preheater 23 as the intake air of the outdoor heat exchanger 5 so that the temperature does not fall below the set value, and the outdoor heat exchanger 5 The temperature-controlled air is discharged from the outdoor air outlet 28 to the outside of the outdoor unit 1 by the outdoor blower 7 driven by the outdoor blower motor 6.

By the above operation, even if the outside air temperature drops during the heating operation, the intake air temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger 5 does not drop below the set value (5 ° C.DB, 4.1 ° C.WB). Since the heating capacity will not decrease even if the outside air temperature decreases, the conventional heating capacity such as upgrading the capacity class of the air conditioner, incorporating an auxiliary heater in the indoor unit, installing a heating device such as a stove indoors, etc. It is possible to eliminate the need for countermeasures against deterioration, and it is also possible to apply it to cold regions. In addition, there are architectural restrictions on the installation location of the outdoor unit 1,
Even if there are adverse conditions such as a short circuit or intake of exhaust air from other outdoor units, the preheater 23 can heat the intake air of the outdoor heat exchanger 5 to a set temperature. It is possible to omit measures such as the above, and it is possible to ease restrictions on the installation location.

In the above-described first embodiment, the set value of the intake air temperature is a constant value regardless of the outside air temperature, but the set value may be changed depending on the outside air temperature.
FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an example thereof. As shown in FIG.
By changing the set value according to the outside air temperature, it is possible to increase the heating capacity in accordance with the increase in the heating load when the outside air temperature decreases, and thus it is possible to obtain further effects.

(Second Embodiment) FIG. 2 is a control block diagram of an air heat source heat pump type air conditioner according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

The air-heat-source heat pump type air conditioner shown in FIG. 2 has the configuration of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1 and, in accordance with the switching of the cooling / heating switching switch 31 and the cooling / heating switching switch 31 as the switching means of the cooling / heating operation. The electromagnetic three-way valve 32 for switching between the hot water supply port and the cold water supply port is newly provided with an opening degree calculation unit 26.
Connected to. Further, an auxiliary heat exchanger 33 is provided on the upstream side of the outdoor heat exchanger 5 in the outdoor unit 1, instead of the preheater 23 in FIG.
Adjusts the intake air temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger 5 in accordance with the switching of the cooling / heating changeover switch 31 according to the predetermined temperature set by the opening degree calculation unit 26 during the heating operation or the cooling operation. The opening degree calculation unit 26 in this embodiment functions as auxiliary heat exchanger capacity adjusting means. That is, the first
In addition to the function described in the embodiment, the electromagnetic three-way valve 32 is switched according to the switching of the cooling / heating switching switch 31 to supply hot water for heating and cold water for cooling to the auxiliary heat exchanger 33 via the flow rate adjusting valve 27. . The electromagnetic three-way valve 32 is arranged in series with the flow rate adjusting valve 27.

Next, the operation of the above embodiment will be described. In FIG. 2, the opening degree calculation unit 26 preliminarily sets a heating set value (for example, 5 ° C. DB, 4.1 ° C.) during heating operation.
WB) and a set value for cooling (30 ° C. DB as an example) are stored. When the cooling / heating switch 31 is set for heating, the switching signal from the cooling / heating switch 31 is input to the opening calculation unit 26, and the opening calculation unit 26 outputs a valve switching signal to the electromagnetic three-way valve 32. The electromagnetic three-way valve 32 receiving the valve switching signal opens the hot water supply port of the two supply ports supplying the hot water and the cold water, and the hot water is supplied to the flow rate adjusting valve 27. Further, the opening degree calculation unit 26 takes in the detection values of the intake air temperature sensor 24 and the outside air temperature sensor 25, and based on the detection values and the heating set value, calculates the intake air of the outdoor heat exchanger 5 by a calculation program. The optimum valve opening for heating and maintaining the heating set value is calculated and determined, and the signal is output to the flow rate adjusting valve 27. Flow rate adjustment valve 27
Is adjusted to the optimum valve opening in response to the above signal. The hot water is supplied to the auxiliary heat exchanger 33 via the flow rate adjusting valve 27 whose valve opening is optimally adjusted. In this state,
The outside air sucked into the outdoor unit 1 through the outside air intake port 22 of the outdoor unit 1 is temperature-adjusted by the auxiliary heat exchanger 33 as the intake air of the outdoor heat exchanger 5 so that the temperature does not fall below the heating set value. Then, the temperature-adjusted air is discharged from the outdoor heat exchanger 5 to the outside of the outdoor unit 1 from the outdoor air outlet 28 by the outdoor blower 7 driven by the outdoor blower motor 6.

Next, when the cooling / heating switching switch 31 is switched to cooling, the switching signal from the cooling / heating switching switch 31 is input to the opening degree calculation unit 26, and the opening degree calculation unit 26 switches the valve to the electromagnetic three-way valve 32. Output a signal. Upon receiving the valve switching signal, the electromagnetic three-way valve 32 is switched to open the cold water supply port this time, and the cold water is supplied to the flow rate adjusting valve 27. Further, the opening degree calculation unit 26 takes in the detected values of the intake air temperature sensor 24 and the outside air temperature sensor 25, and based on the detected values and the cooling set value, calculates the intake air of the outdoor heat exchanger 5 by a calculation program. The optimum valve opening for cooling and maintaining the above-mentioned set value for cooling is calculated and determined, and the signal thereof is used as the flow rate adjusting valve 2
Output to 7. The flow rate adjusting valve 27 receives the above signal and is adjusted to the optimum valve opening degree. The cold water is supplied to the auxiliary heat exchanger 33 via the flow rate adjusting valve 27 whose valve opening is optimally adjusted. In this state, the outside air sucked into the outdoor unit 1 through the outside air intake port 22 of the outdoor unit 1 does not reach a temperature higher than the cooling set value by the auxiliary heat exchanger 33 as the intake air of the outdoor heat exchanger 5. The air whose temperature has been adjusted as described above and whose temperature has been adjusted by the outdoor heat exchanger 5 is discharged to the outside of the outdoor unit 1 from the outdoor air outlet 28 by the outdoor blower 7.

By the above operation, even if the outside air temperature drops during the heating operation, the intake air temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger 5 drops below the heating set value (5 ° C.DB, 4.1 ° C.WB). In addition, even if the outside air temperature rises during the cooling operation, the suction air temperature remains the set value for cooling (30
℃ DB) since it will no longer rise above,
In addition to the conventional measures for reducing the heating capacity described above, it is possible to eliminate the need for measures for reducing the cooling capacity. In addition, there are architectural restrictions on the installation location of the outdoor unit 1 and the exhaust of the short circuit and other outdoor units Even if there are adverse conditions such as suction, the auxiliary heat exchanger 33 can heat or cool the suction air of the outdoor heat exchanger 5 to a set temperature, so that measures such as a guide for blowing air, partition walls, and partition plates are omitted. Therefore, it is possible to ease restrictions on the installation place.

(Third Embodiment) FIG. 3 is a control block diagram of an air heat source heat pump type air conditioner according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

The air heat source heat pump type air conditioner shown in FIG. 3 is an outdoor unit room surrounding the outdoor unit 1 outside the outdoor unit 1 composed of the outdoor heat exchanger 5, the outdoor blower motor 6 and the outdoor blower 7. 41 is provided, and the outdoor unit chamber 41 is provided with a unit chamber inlet 42 which is an inlet for outside air and temperature-controlled air which is released from the outdoor unit 1 to the outside of the outdoor unit chamber 41. A unit chamber outlet 43, which is a portion to be opened, is provided. Further, a preheater 23, which is a preheater, is arranged between the suction port 22 of the outdoor unit 1 and the suction port 42 of the outdoor unit chamber 41 so that the temperature of the suction air of the outdoor unit 1 can be adjusted. The suction temperature sensor 2 is provided near the suction port 22 of the outdoor unit 1.
4 are provided. Incidentally, outside the outdoor unit chamber 41, as in the first embodiment in FIG. 1, an outside air temperature sensor 25, an opening degree computing unit 26 as a preheater capacity adjusting means, and a flow rate adjusting valve 27 are provided and connected. The relationship is the same as in the first embodiment.

Next, the operation of the above embodiment will be described.
In FIG. 3, the opening degree calculation unit 26 stores in advance a set value for arbitrary heating of the intake air of the outdoor unit 1. The opening degree calculation unit 26 adjusts the valve opening degree suitable for heating and maintaining the flow rate adjusting valve 27 to the above set value in the same manner as the operation described in the first embodiment, and the amount of water flowing to the preheater 23 is adjusted. Adjusted. In this state, the outside air sucked into the outdoor unit chamber 41 through the unit chamber suction port 42 is used as the suction air of the outdoor unit 1 by the preheater 23.
In the above, the temperature is adjusted so that the temperature does not fall below the set value, the air enters the outdoor unit 1 through the suction port 22 of the outdoor unit 1, and the temperature-adjusted air from the outdoor heat exchanger 5 is transferred to the outside air by the outdoor blower 7. The air is discharged from the outlet 28 to the outside of the outdoor unit 1, and further passes through the unit chamber outlet 43 to be discharged to the outside of the outdoor unit chamber 41.

By the above operation, the same effect as the first embodiment can be obtained, and the outdoor unit chamber 41
By providing the above, when it is applied to a luxury hotel or a ship, it can be installed in consideration of aesthetics.

(Fourth Embodiment) FIG. 4 is a control block diagram of an air heat source heat pump type air conditioner according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

The air heat source heat pump type air conditioner shown in FIG. 4 has a cooling / heating changeover switch 31 as a switching means for cooling / heating operation and an electromagnetic three-way valve 32 in addition to the structure of the third embodiment in FIG. It is connected to the opening degree calculation unit 26, which is an exchanger capacity adjusting unit. Further, between the suction port 22 of the outdoor unit 1 and the suction port 42 of the outdoor unit chamber 41, an auxiliary heat exchanger 33 is arranged instead of the preheater 23 in the third embodiment, and the auxiliary heat exchanger 33 is ,
During heating operation according to the switching of the cooling / heating switch 31,
Alternatively, the temperature of the intake air of the outdoor unit 1 is adjusted according to the predetermined temperature set by the opening degree calculation unit 26 during the cooling operation.

Next, the operation of the above embodiment will be described.
In FIG. 4, the opening calculation unit 26 stores in advance an arbitrary heating set value and an arbitrary cooling set value during the heating operation. Here, when the cooling / heating changeover switch 31 is set for heating, hot water is supplied to the flow rate adjusting valve 27 in the same manner as in the operation described in the second embodiment, and the opening degree calculation unit 26 causes the second operation described above to be performed. Similar to the operation described in the embodiment, the flow control valve 27 is adjusted to the optimum valve opening degree for heating and maintaining the set value for heating, and the hot water is supplied to the outdoor through the adjusted flow control valve 27. Auxiliary heat exchanger 3 in unit room 41
3 is supplied. In this state, the outdoor unit room 4
The outside air drawn into the outdoor unit room 41 from the unit room intake port 42 in 1 is temperature-adjusted by the auxiliary heat exchanger 33 as the intake air of the outdoor unit 1 so that the temperature does not fall below the heating set value, The air whose temperature has been adjusted from the outdoor heat exchanger 5 enters the outdoor unit 1 through the suction port 22 of the outdoor unit 1 and the outdoor blower 7
Is discharged to the outside of the outdoor unit 1 through the outside air outlet 28, passes through the unit chamber outlet 43, and is discharged to the outside of the outdoor unit chamber 41.

When the cooling / heating change-over switch 31 is switched to the cooling mode, the cold water is supplied to the flow rate adjusting valve 27 in the same manner as the operation of the second embodiment, and the opening degree calculating section 26 is operated by the second embodiment. Similar to the operation described in the example, the flow rate adjusting valve 27 is adjusted to the optimum valve opening degree for cooling and maintaining the set value for cooling, and the cold water is supplied to the outdoor unit via the adjusted flow rate adjusting valve 27. It is supplied to the auxiliary heat exchanger 33 in the chamber 41. As a result, the outside air sucked from the unit room suction port 42 in the outdoor unit room 41 is not exposed to the outdoor unit 1
The temperature of the sucked air is regulated by the auxiliary heat exchanger 33 so that the temperature does not exceed the set value for cooling, enters the outdoor unit 1 through the suction port 22 of the outdoor unit 1, and the temperature from the outdoor heat exchanger 5 is reached. The adjusted air is discharged to the outside of the outdoor unit 1 by the outdoor blower 7 from the outside air outlet 28, further passes through the unit chamber outlet 43, and is discharged to the outside of the outdoor unit chamber 41.

By the above operation, the same effect as the second embodiment can be obtained, and the outdoor unit chamber 41
By providing the above, when it is applied to a luxury hotel or a ship, it can be installed in consideration of aesthetics.

(Fifth Embodiment) FIG. 5 is a control block diagram of an air-cooling type air conditioner for cooling according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

The structure of the air-cooling type air conditioner exclusively for cooling shown in FIG. 5 is the same as that of the air heat source heat pump type air conditioner of the first embodiment in FIG. 1, but the preheater 2 shown in FIG.
Instead of 3, a precooler, that is, a precooler 51 for flowing cold water such as city water or well water is provided. Precooler 51
Cools and maintains the intake air temperature of the outdoor unit 1 to an arbitrary set value set in the opening degree calculation unit 26 which is a precooler capacity adjusting unit. Further, the opening degree calculation unit 26 calculates and determines the optimum valve opening degree for cooling and maintaining the intake air temperature at an arbitrary set value, and outputs the signal to the flow rate adjusting valve 27.

Next, the operation of the above embodiment will be described.
In FIG. 5, the opening degree calculation unit 26 stores in advance a preset value for cooling any of the intake air of the outdoor heat exchanger 5. The opening degree calculation unit 26 performs the same operation as in the first embodiment, and in this case, calculates and determines the optimum valve opening degree for cooling and maintaining the intake air of the outdoor heat exchanger 5 to the above set value. Then, the signal is output to the flow rate adjusting valve 27, and the flow rate adjusting valve 27 is adjusted to the optimum valve opening degree to adjust the amount of water flowing to the precooler 51. As a result, the temperature of the outside air sucked into the outdoor unit 1 from the outside air inlet 22 of the outdoor unit 1 is adjusted by the precooler 51 as the intake air of the outdoor heat exchanger 5 so that the temperature does not exceed the set temperature. The temperature-adjusted air is discharged from the outdoor heat exchanger 5 to the outside of the outdoor unit 1 by the same operation as in the first embodiment.

By the above operation, even if the outside air temperature rises, the intake air temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger 5 does not rise above the above-mentioned arbitrary set value, and the cooling capacity is improved even if the outside air temperature rises. Since it does not decrease, it is not necessary to take the conventional measures to reduce the cooling capacity such as upgrading the capacity class of the air conditioner. Moreover, there are architectural restrictions on the installation location of the outdoor unit 1, and there are short circuits and other Even if there is a bad condition such as the intake of the exhaust air of the outdoor unit, the intake air of the outdoor heat exchanger 5 can be cooled to the set temperature by the precooler 51.
Measures such as partition walls and partition plates can be omitted, and restrictions on the installation location can be eased.

(Sixth Embodiment) FIG. 6 is a control block diagram of an air-cooling type air conditioner exclusively for cooling according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.

The structure of the air-conditioning dedicated air conditioner shown in FIG. 6 is the same as that of the air heat source heat pump type air conditioner of the third embodiment shown in FIG. 3, but the opening degree calculation unit 26 here precools. A precooler 51, which is a precooler, is provided instead of the preheater 23 shown in FIG.

Next, the operation of the above embodiment will be described.
In FIG. 6, the opening degree calculation unit 26 stores in advance a preset value for cooling any of the intake air of the outdoor unit 1. The opening degree calculation unit 26 performs the same operation as in the first embodiment, adjusts the flow rate adjusting valve 27 to an optimum valve opening degree for cooling and maintaining the set value in this case, and the precooler 51 is adjusted. The amount of water flowing is adjusted. In this state, the temperature of the outside air sucked into the outdoor unit chamber 41 from the unit chamber suction port 42 is adjusted by the precooler 51 as the suction air of the outdoor unit 1 so that the temperature does not exceed the set temperature, and the outdoor unit 1 The air whose temperature has been adjusted from the outdoor heat exchanger 5 is discharged to the outside of the outdoor unit 1 from the outdoor air outlet 28 by the outdoor blower 7, and the unit outdoor outlet 43 And is discharged to the outside of the outdoor unit chamber 41.

By the above operation, it is possible to obtain the same effect as that of the fifth embodiment, and when the outdoor unit room 41 is provided and it is applied to a high-class hotel, a ship, etc., aesthetics are taken into consideration. Can be installed.

The example shown in FIG. 7 can be used in the heating operation of the present invention, and also in the cooling operation, an arbitrary value for changing the set value of the intake air temperature according to the outside air temperature. Of course, the set value of can be used.

When the above-mentioned first, second, third and fourth embodiments are used, for example, in ships, hot water obtained by cooling the main engine, power generator, etc. is generally discarded in the sea. This can be utilized for the preheater in the first and third embodiments of the present invention and the auxiliary heat exchanger in the second and fourth embodiments. When there is a heat source of zero cost, the application effects of the first to fourth embodiments of the present invention are further expanded. In addition, regarding the second and fourth embodiments, the number of indoor units that can be connected to one outdoor unit has recently been increasing, and has become more than ten. In such a case, in order to improve the heating capacity, for example, rather than incorporating an auxiliary heater in each indoor unit, incorporating an auxiliary heat exchanger in one outdoor unit improves not only heating capacity but also cooling capacity, In addition, the price of the air conditioner and the construction cost for connecting the pipes are reduced, and the application effect of the present invention is further expanded.

[0065]

As described above, in the first aspect of the invention, the preheater is provided upstream of the outdoor heat exchanger in the outdoor unit of the air heat source heat pump type air conditioner, and the intake air temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger. By providing the preheater capacity adjusting means for adjusting to the set value, when the outside air temperature decreases during heating operation, the outside air can be heated and maintained up to the above set value temperature, and the outdoor heat exchanger The intake air temperature does not decrease below the set temperature, and therefore the heating capacity does not decrease even if the outside air temperature decreases.

In the second invention, an auxiliary heat exchanger is provided upstream of the outdoor heat exchanger in the outdoor unit of the air heat source heat pump type air conditioner, and this auxiliary heat exchanger is used as a preheater during heating operation, and , By providing the switching means for switching to the pre-cooler during the cooling operation, and the auxiliary heat exchanger capacity adjusting means for adjusting the intake air temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger for heating or for the set value for cooling, The outside air can be heated and maintained at the set temperature for heating during heating operation, and the outside air can be cooled and maintained at the set temperature for cooling during cooling operation.The intake air temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger is the above heating during heating. The temperature does not drop below the set temperature for heating, and does not rise above the set temperature for cooling during cooling.Therefore, even if the outside air temperature drops during heating operation, the heating capacity will drop. No, also outside air temperature rises during the cooling operation, the cooling capacity is not reduced.

In the third invention, a preheater is provided outside the outdoor unit of the air heat source heat pump type air conditioner, and an outdoor unit chamber surrounding the preheater and the outdoor unit.
By providing the preheater capacity adjusting means for adjusting the intake air temperature of the outdoor unit according to the set value, when the outside air temperature decreases during the heating operation, heating and maintaining the outside air to the set value temperature. Therefore, the intake air temperature of the outdoor unit does not decrease below the set temperature, and therefore the heating capacity does not decrease even if the outside air temperature decreases. When applied to a luxury hotel or a ship, it can be installed in consideration of aesthetics.

In the fourth invention, an auxiliary heat exchanger is provided outside the outdoor unit of the air heat source heat pump type air conditioner, an outdoor unit chamber surrounding the auxiliary heat exchanger and the outdoor unit, and the auxiliary heat exchanger. To the preheater during the heating operation, and to the precooler during the cooling operation, and auxiliary heat exchanger capacity adjusting means for adjusting the intake air temperature of the outdoor unit according to the set value for heating or cooling. By providing and, it is possible to heat and maintain the outside air to the set temperature for heating during the heating operation, and cool and maintain the outside air to the set temperature for cooling during the cooling operation. At the time of heating, the temperature does not drop below the set temperature for heating, and at the time of cooling, it does not rise above the set temperature for cooling. Be defeated, without heating capacity is decreased, also, even if the outside air temperature rises during the cooling operation, the cooling capacity is not reduced. When applied to a luxury hotel or a ship, it can be installed in consideration of aesthetics.

In the fifth aspect of the present invention, a precooler is provided upstream of the outdoor heat exchanger in the outdoor unit of the air-cooling type air conditioner for exclusive use of cooling, and the intake air temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger is adjusted to a set value. By providing the precooler capacity adjusting means for adjusting, when the outside air temperature rises during operation, the outside air can be cooled and maintained to the above set temperature, and the intake air temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger is The temperature does not rise above the set temperature, and therefore the cooling capacity does not decline even if the outside air temperature rises.

In the sixth invention, a precooler is provided outside the outdoor unit of the air-cooling type air conditioner for exclusive use of cooling, an outdoor unit chamber surrounding the precooler and the outdoor unit, and a suction air temperature of the outdoor unit. By providing the preheater capacity adjusting means for adjusting to the set value, when the outside air temperature rises during operation, the outside air can be cooled and maintained to the above set temperature, and the intake air of the outdoor unit The temperature does not rise above the set temperature, and therefore the cooling capacity does not decline even if the outside air temperature rises. When applied to a luxury hotel or a ship, it can be installed in consideration of aesthetics.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a control block diagram of an air heat source heat pump type air conditioner according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a control block diagram of an air heat source heat pump type air conditioner according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a control block diagram of an air heat source heat pump type air conditioner according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a control block diagram of an air heat source heat pump type air conditioner according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a control block diagram of an air-conditioning dedicated air conditioner according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a control block diagram of an air-conditioning dedicated air conditioner according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an example in which the set value of the intake air temperature is changed according to the outside air temperature during the heating operation in the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a refrigerant system of a conventional air-heat-source heat pump type air conditioner.

FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of a conventional outdoor unit.

FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing installation of an outdoor unit chamber surrounding a conventional outdoor unit.

FIG. 11 is a diagram showing the relationship between the intake air temperature of the outdoor unit and the heating capacity.

FIG. 12 is a diagram showing the relationship between the intake air temperature of the outdoor unit and the cooling capacity.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Outdoor Unit 5 Outdoor Heat Exchanger 6 Motor for Outdoor Blower 7 Outdoor Blower 21 Outdoor Unit Main Body 22 Outside Air Suction Port 23 Preheater 24 Suction Air Temperature Sensor 25 Outside Air Temperature Sensor 26 Opening Calculation Unit 27 Flow Control Valve 28 Outside Air Outlet Port 31 Cooling / heating switching switch 32 Electromagnetic three-way valve 33 Auxiliary heat exchanger 41 Outdoor unit room 42 Unit room inlet 43 Unit room outlet 51 Precooler

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. An air heat source heat pump type air conditioner in which an outdoor unit having a compressor, a four-way switching valve, an outdoor heat exchanger, and a blower is connected to an indoor heat exchanger and an indoor unit having a blower with a refrigerant pipe. A preheater disposed upstream of the outdoor heat exchanger in the outdoor unit;
An air conditioner heat pump type air conditioner comprising: a preheater capacity adjusting means for heating and maintaining the intake air of the outdoor heat exchanger at a predetermined temperature. 2. An air heat source heat pump type air conditioner in which an outdoor unit having a compressor, a four-way switching valve, an outdoor heat exchanger, and a blower is connected to an indoor heat exchanger and an indoor unit having a blower by a refrigerant pipe. An auxiliary heat exchanger arranged upstream of the outdoor heat exchanger in the outdoor unit, and a switching means for switching the auxiliary heat exchanger to a preheater during heating operation, and to a precooler during cooling operation, An air heat source heat pump type air conditioner comprising: auxiliary heat exchanger capacity adjusting means for heating and maintaining the intake air of the outdoor heat exchanger at a predetermined temperature during heating operation and cooling and maintaining it during cooling operation. . 3. An air heat source heat pump type air conditioner in which a compressor, a four-way switching valve, an outdoor heat exchanger, an outdoor unit having a blower and an indoor heat exchanger, an indoor unit having a blower are connected by a refrigerant pipe. A preheater disposed outside the outdoor unit, an outdoor unit chamber surrounding the preheater and the outdoor unit, and preheater capacity adjusting means for heating and maintaining the intake air of the outdoor unit to a predetermined temperature. An air heat source heat pump type air conditioner characterized by being provided. 4. An air heat source heat pump type air conditioner in which an outdoor unit having a compressor, a four-way switching valve, an outdoor heat exchanger, and a blower is connected to an indoor heat exchanger and an indoor unit having a blower by a refrigerant pipe. , An auxiliary heat exchanger arranged outside the outdoor unit, an outdoor unit room surrounding the auxiliary heat exchanger and the outdoor unit, and the auxiliary heat exchanger as a preheater during heating operation and a preheater during cooling operation. Air comprising a switching means for switching to a cooler and auxiliary heat exchanger capacity adjusting means for heating and maintaining the intake air of the outdoor unit at a predetermined temperature during heating operation and cooling and maintaining it during cooling operation. Heat source heat pump type air conditioner. 5. An air-conditioning dedicated air conditioner comprising a compressor, an outdoor heat exchanger, an outdoor unit having a blower and an indoor unit having an indoor heat exchanger and a blower, which are connected by a refrigerant pipe. A precooler disposed upstream of the outdoor heat exchanger in the interior, and precooler capacity adjusting means for cooling and maintaining the intake air of the outdoor heat exchanger at a predetermined temperature. An air conditioner for air-cooled air conditioning. 6. An air-conditioning dedicated air conditioner in which an outdoor unit having a compressor, an outdoor heat exchanger, and a blower and an indoor unit having the indoor heat exchanger and the blower are connected by a refrigerant pipe, wherein the outdoor unit is the outdoor unit. And a precooler disposed outside the unit, an outdoor unit chamber surrounding the precooler and the outdoor unit, and precooler capacity adjusting means for cooling and maintaining the intake air of the outdoor unit to a predetermined temperature. An air conditioner exclusively for air-cooling.