JPH08144974A - Rotary compressor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To avoid the occurrence of a sliding motion between the tip of a vane and the external surface of a rotor under line contact, prevent the abrasion and seizure of the sliding section thereof and reduce a pressure rise in an action chamber at the time of compressing liquid by coupling or integrating the vane and the roller to or with each other. CONSTITUTION: A vane 14 is provided to further separate a sealed space surrounded with the cylindrical inner surface of a cylinder 1, the cylindrical outer surface of a roller 13, and side plates 2 and 3, into a plurality of sealed spaces, and the volume of the plurality of spaces changing due to the revolving motion of the roller 13 is used to compress gases. Regarding this rotary compressor, the vane 14 and the roller 13 are coupled to or integrated with each other in the condition where two parallel planes of the vane 14 and the center axis of the cylindrical outer surface of the roller 13 are in parallel to one another. Also, a member 16 having a flat section in slidable contact with the vane 14 as well as a cylindrical plane in slidable contact with the inner surface of a cylindrical hole section 1b is assembled into the compressor for maintaining proper airtightness.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a positive displacement machine, and more particularly to a rotary compressor for a refrigeration cycle of a refrigerator or an air conditioner.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a conventional rotary compressor, for example, as disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 3-129794, rollers and vanes are completely separate from each other, and a vane slot provided in a cylinder. The air-tightness was maintained by pressing the arcuate tip of the vane slidably mounted on the outer peripheral surface of the roller by line contact with the roller outer circumference by line pressure and spring force.

[0003]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In the above conventional technique,
Since the arc portion of the tip of the vane is pressed against the outer circumference of the cylinder of the roller by line contact, the local surface pressure is extremely high, and wear and seizure occur in severe operating conditions, which reduces the reliability of the compressor. was there.

The object of the present invention is to prevent the vane tip and the roller outer periphery from sliding while making line contact with each other in the rotary compressor to prevent abrasion and seizure of that portion, and at the same time, the working chamber during liquid compression. The object is to reduce the pressure rise and provide a highly reliable compressor.

[0005]

To achieve the above object, the present invention joins a vane and a roller in such a manner that two parallel planes of the vane and the central axis of the cylindrical outer peripheral surface of the roller are parallel to each other. Alternatively, the vane may be integrally molded, and the vane may be moved around the axis parallel to the central axis of the cylindrical inner peripheral surface of the cylinder around the axis and in a plane including the axis to move back and forth. In addition to the discharge valve, a relief mechanism that does not open and close during normal operation is newly provided.

[0006]

According to the present invention, when the center of the roller orbits by the drive mechanism, the roller swings about its central axis by a small amount to form a combined or integrally formed vane on the cylindrical inner peripheral surface of the cylinder. It is possible to orient in the direction of one axis on the cylinder parallel to the central axis. At this time, the vane is supported by the cylinder so as to be able to repeat the forward / backward movement while swinging a small amount around the axis of the cylinder. Therefore, even if the vane and the roller are combined or integrally formed, the space between the roller and the cylinder can be partitioned by the vane, and the vane and the roller do not slide at all and wear does not occur between them. It is possible to configure the compressor.

On the other hand, when the vane and the roller are combined or integrally formed, the pressure in the working chamber is expected to increase during liquid compression. That is, when the pressure inside the working chamber rises due to compression of the liquid refrigerant, in the conventional structure in which the roller and the vane are separate bodies, the sum of the back pressure acting on the back surface of the vane and the pressing force of the preload spring causes As a result, the vane tip and the roller outer periphery are separated from each other, the working chamber and the suction chamber communicate with each other, and the liquid refrigerant is allowed to escape from the outlet other than the discharge valve, thereby alleviating the pressure rise. However, with the structure in which the vanes and rollers are connected or integrally molded, the effect of mitigating the pressure rise cannot be expected, so the pressure in the working chamber may rise further and damage to the bearing part or crank pin part may occur. is there. But,
In the present invention, since a new relief mechanism is provided in addition to the discharge valve, the liquid refrigerant having a high pressure in the working chamber can be released from here also to the outside of the working chamber.

[0008]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 is a sectional view of a rotary compressor according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 1, FIG. 3 is an explanatory view of a relief mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG.
7 is a sectional view taken along the line BB in FIG. 5, FIG. 5 is an explanatory view of the movement of each component in FIG. 2 when the motor for driving the compressor is rotated by 90 °, and FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of the pump portion in FIG. FIG. 4 is a sectional view of a pump portion of a conventional rotary compressor.

In the embodiment of the present invention shown in FIGS. 1 to 6,
A cylindrical hole 1a is formed in the center of the cylinder 1, and a plate member 2 and a plate member 3 are fixed by bolts 4 so as to close both ends thereof. It should be noted that the plate member 2 is provided with a release valve 5 at a position opposite to the discharge valve 8 sandwiching the working chamber, and the release valve retainer 7 for restraining the preload spring 6 for preventing the release valve 8 is also bolted at the same time. It is fixed by 4. The central axes of the holes 2b and 3b formed in the central bosses 2a and 3a of the plate member 2 and the plate member 3 are fixed so as to be coaxial with the central axis of the cylindrical hole 1a of the cylinder 1. ing.

The outer peripheral portion of the cylinder 1 to which the plate members 2 and 3 are fixed is fixed to the chamber 9. A stator portion 10 of a compressor driving motor is also fixed to the chamber 9. The crankshaft 11 is bearing-supported in the holes 2b and 3b, and the outer circumference of the rotor portion 12 fixed to the end of the crankshaft 11 is incorporated in the inner circumference of the stator portion 10 with a minute gap, and the compressor is compressed. It forms the drive motor. Further, the crankshaft 11 is formed with a cylindrical crankpin portion 11a that is eccentric to the central axis of the crankshaft 11 at a position corresponding to the cylindrical hole portion 1a of the cylinder 1.

A vane 14 is provided at one position on the outer circumference of the roller 13.
Are fixed together, but at that time, the vane 14
The two parallel planes of are fixed so as to be parallel to the central axis of the roller 13. A cylindrical hole portion 1b having a central axis parallel to the central axis of the cylindrical inner peripheral surface 1a is formed outside the cylindrical inner peripheral surface 1a of the cylinder 1. The opposite side is the cylindrical inner peripheral surface 1a.
And communicates with another space 15 provided outside the cylindrical hole 1b. The vane 14 is inserted into the cylindrical hole portion 1b and the space 15, but between the vane 14 and the cylindrical hole portion 1b, the flat surface portion that slidably contacts the flat surface portion of the vane 14 and the cylindrical hole portion 1b. A sliding member 16 having a cylindrical outer peripheral surface slidably abutting on the inner peripheral surface is inserted with the vane 14 sandwiched between them, and as a result, the vane 14 moves forward and backward in the central axial direction of the cylindrical hole portion 1b and the central axis. It is supported by the cylinder 1 so as to be capable of swinging motion around it. The tip end of the vane 14 opposite to the connecting portion with the roller 13 moves in the space 15 and does not interfere with the cylinder 1.

With the above construction, when the rotor portion 12 of the compressor driving motor rotates, the crankshaft 11 fixed to this also rotates. Along with this, the crankpin portion 1 formed eccentrically on the crankshaft 11
1a also rotates, and the orbiting motion is given to the roller 13. FIG. 5 shows a roller 13 and a vane 14 integrated with the roller 13 when the rotor portion 12 of the compressor driving motor is rotated by 90 °.
9 is a diagram showing the movement of the crankpin portion 1 of the crankshaft 11 so that the vane 14 integrated with the roller 13 always faces the center line direction of the cylindrical hole portion 1b of the cylinder.
Around the center of 1a, the center makes an orbital motion while performing a swinging motion at a slight angle in the plane of FIG. The vane 14 moves forward and backward in the direction of the central axis of the cylindrical hole portion 1b of the cylinder 1 and swings around the central axis.
The seal of the gap between the cylindrical hole portion 1b and the cylindrical hole portion 1b is maintained by inserting the sliding member 16. Therefore, cylinder 1,
The roller 13, the vane 14, the plate member 2, and the plate member 3 form a working chamber which is a closed space, and the volume thereof is repeatedly increased and decreased as shown in FIG. 5 as the rotor portion 12 of the compressor driving motor rotates. .

Side chambers 17 and 18 are welded to the openings at both ends of the chamber 9 to form a closed container as a whole. The working gas flows into the compressor through the suction port 19, and the suction passage 1 formed in the cylinder 1
After passing through c and being sucked, it is compressed and discharged in the working chamber due to the increase or decrease in the working chamber volume. At this time, the spring of the preload spring 6 for preventing the release valve 5 provided in the plate member 2 from coming off. The constant is the discharge valve 8 provided on the plate member 3.
Is larger than the spring constant of the release valve 5 and the pressure receiving area of the release valve 5 on the inner side of the working chamber is smaller than the pressure receiving area on the outer side of the working chamber. Discharge port (not shown)
Is discharged from the discharge valve 8 and the discharge valve retainer 20. After that, it passes through the motor chamber and flows out of the compressor from the discharge port 21 provided in the side chamber 18.

In this embodiment, since the roller 13 and the vane 14 are integrated, the roller 22 and the vane 23 are prevented from separating from each other as compared with the conventional structure in which the roller 22 and the vane 23 shown in FIG. 7 are separate bodies. Therefore, the preload spring 24 and the back pressure of the vane, which are necessary for the above, are no longer required. Also, in the structure of FIG.
3 The contact portion between the tip of the roller and the outer periphery of the roller 22 and the contact portion between the vane 23 and the slit portion of the cylinder 25 form a line contact or a contact form close thereto, so that the preload spring 24 and the back pressure and compressed gas that directly acts on the vane 23 are In contrast to the local concentrated load applied by the pressure, in the structure of this embodiment, the pressure of the compressed gas that directly acts on the vane 14 causes the cylindrical hole portion 1b of the cylinder 1 and the crankshaft 1 via the sliding member 16 to flow.
Since it is supported by the first crank pin portion 11a, all of them can be supported by surface contact. That is, the sliding surface pressure of the sliding portion around the vane 14 can be reduced as compared with the conventional structure, and the durability can be improved.

Next, in this embodiment, since the release valve 5 is provided in addition to the discharge valve 8, a sufficient path for releasing the liquid refrigerant during the liquid compression operation can be secured, and the occurrence of abnormal high pressure in the working chamber is prevented. Since the release valve 5 is provided at a position on the opposite side of the discharge valve 8 with respect to the working chamber, an axial pressure gradient in the working chamber does not occur, and the roller 13 and the vane 14 are prevented from hitting each other. You can Note that the same effect can be obtained by using the discharge valve 8 instead of the release valve 5 here.

Next, in this embodiment, the spring constant of the preload spring 6 for preventing the release valve 5 from coming off is larger than the spring constant of the discharge valve 8 provided on the plate member 3 and the operation of the release valve 5. Since the pressure receiving area on the indoor side is smaller than the pressure receiving area on the outside of the working chamber, the release valve 5 does not open and close during normal operation in which liquid compression is not performed, and noise and vibration generated when the release valve 5 opens and closes can be prevented.

Next, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4, the release port 26 and the release valve 5 are formed in a tapered shape, and most of the port portion is closed by the release valve, so that the dead volume is increased. It is possible to prevent the re-expansion loss from increasing and the release valve 5 can be adopted without deteriorating the performance.

[0018]

According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a rotary compressor having high durability.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a rotary compressor according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line AA in FIG.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of a relief mechanism according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line BB in FIG.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory view of the movement of each component in FIG. 2 when the motor for driving the compressor is rotated by 90 °.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory view of a pump portion in FIG.

FIG. 7 is a sectional view of a pump portion of a conventional rotary compressor.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ... Cylinder, 1a ... Cylindrical inner peripheral surface, 2, 3 ... Plate member, 2b, 3b ... Hole part, 3a ... Boss part, 4 ... Bolt,
5 ... Release valve, 6 ... Preload spring, 7 ... Release valve retainer, 8 ... Discharge valve, 9 ... Chamber, 10 ... Stator section, 1
1 ... Crank shaft, 11a ... Crank pin portion, 12
... rotor part, 13 ... roller, 14 ... vane, 15 ... space, 17, 18 ... side chamber, 20 ... discharge valve retainer, 21 ... discharge port.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A cylinder having a cylindrical inner peripheral surface, a plurality of side plates closing both ends of the cylindrical inner peripheral surface of the cylinder, and a space surrounded by the cylinder and the plurality of side plates. Among them, the cylindrical outer peripheral surface and the cylinder inner peripheral surface of the cylinder make a revolving motion while always maintaining a minute gap, the crankshaft that orbits the roller, and the cylindrical inner peripheral surface of the cylinder. A surface, a cylindrical outer peripheral surface of the roller, and a vane that partitions a closed space surrounded by the plurality of side plates into a plurality of closed spaces, and the volumes of the plurality of closed spaces with the revolution movement of the rollers. A rotary compressor that compresses gas by utilizing a change, wherein the vane and the roller have two parallel planes of the vane and a central axis of a cylindrical outer peripheral surface of the roller. Cylindrical hole which is connected or integrally molded in a state of being parallel to each other, and whose vane is formed outside the cylindrical inner peripheral surface of the cylinder with a central axis parallel to the central axis of the cylindrical inner peripheral surface. And a cylindrical outer peripheral surface slidably abutting on a cylindrical inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical hole portion and a flat surface portion slidably abutting on the flat surface portion of the vane between the vane and the cylindrical hole portion. A rotary compression characterized by including a sliding member having a discharge valve for discharging the gas compressed in the closed space to the outside of the closed space, and a relief mechanism that does not open and close during normal operation. Machine.