JPH08120683A - Earth lifting and removing device in pneumatic caisson method and method therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To eliminate pneumatic caisson work with a pneumatic caisson method under compressed air, make it possible to carry out work under high compressed air at great depth, carry out earth lifting work in succession, make it possible to reduce the number of reduced pressure/pressurization to promote earth lifting efficiency and to enable the whole device to make compact without requiring extension of pressure vessels in a material lock. CONSTITUTION: A floor board 10a is provided to the bottom of a caisson 10, excavation is made under the floor board 10a as an air-tight pneumatic operation room 11 while supplying compressed air thereto, and in a pneumatic caisson method for settling the caisson 10, material lock pressure vessels 4b are installed on the upper part of the floor board 10a. Traveling hoppers 2 movable to the outsides of the pressure vessels 4b are provided to the insides of the material lock pressure vessel 4b and, at the same time, conveying trucks 3 connected to the traveling hoppers 2 are provided to the outsides of the material lock pressure vessels 4b at the upper part of the floor board 10a. A clamshell 1 is provided to the inside of a material lock 4 connected to the pneumatic operation room 11 in a liftable manner.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a hoisting and discharging device and method in a pneumatic caisson method.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In the pneumatic caisson method, for example, as shown in FIG. 4, a floor plate 10a is provided at the bottom of a caisson 10 and an airtight compressed air working chamber 11 is formed below the floor plate 10a by sending compressed air thereto. The shaft 4a of the material lock 4 installed on the ground is used to sink the caisson.
The lower end of the above is communicated with the pneumatic working chamber 11 via the floor plate 10a, and the earth removing bucket 12 is provided in the shaft 4a so as to be vertically movable by the hanging wire 13.

Further, a man lock 14 for allowing the submersible box 15 to move in and out of the pneumatic working chamber 11 is provided in the same manner as the material lock 4, and the man shaft 14a communicates with the pneumatic working chamber 11 via the floor plate 10a. An air supply pipe 17 connected to a compressor 16 installed on the ground is opened in the pneumatic working chamber 11. In the figure, 18 is an excavated soil unloading device, 19 is a sediment hopper, and 20 is a sediment excavator / loader.

Then, in order to carry out the earth and sand excavated in the pressure working chamber 11 to the ground, an earth removing bucket is placed in the pressure working chamber 11.
After being loaded in 12, the soil discharging bucket 12 is lifted by the excavating soil carrying-out device 18 such as a winch, and the material lock 4 reduces the pressure to the atmospheric pressure and discharges it under the atmospheric pressure. The suspension to the soil discharging bucket 12 is performed by the submarine worker 15 in the pneumatic working chamber 11.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION A submersible box 15 is required for suspending the soil discharging bucket 12 in the pneumatic working chamber 1, and the like.
This is difficult to apply to the large depth caisson from the viewpoint of prevention of decompression sickness of workers. And, because it is intermittent hoisting by the earthmoving bucket 12, the hoisting efficiency does not increase, especially as the process progresses in the deep depth caisson, the hoisting distance of the earthmoving bucket 12 also extends, and the material lock Four
Since the pressurization and depressurization inside must be performed for each lifting load, it is not possible to continuously perform earth removal work, resulting in a decrease in work efficiency.

Further, the material lock pressure vessel is extended with the progress of the depth, so that the whole apparatus becomes large-scale, and further, it is necessary to install the earth and sand excavator / loader 20 in the pneumatic working chamber 1. There is.

The object of the present invention is to eliminate the disadvantages of the above-mentioned conventional example, to eliminate the need for submersion work by submersion work under pressure, to enable high-pressure air work at a large depth, and to continuously carry out earthing work.
Furthermore, the number of times of depressurization and pressurization in the material lock can be reduced to improve the soil evacuation efficiency, and there is no need to extend the material lock pressure vessel, and the whole equipment can be compacted. To provide a soil device and method.

[0008]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention firstly provides a floor plate at the bottom of a caisson, and the bottom of the floor plate is used as an airtight compressed air working chamber for sending compressed air therethrough for excavation. In the pneumatic caisson method of sinking the caisson, a material lock pressure vessel is installed on the upper part of the floor plate, and a traveling hopper movable inside the material lock pressure vessel to the outside of the pressure vessel is provided,
The gist of the present invention is that a transport trolley that communicates with the traveling hopper is provided outside the material lock pressure container at the upper part of the floor plate, and a clam shell is vertically movable within the material lock that communicates with the pneumatic working chamber.

Secondly, the gist of the traveling type hopper is to install two units with the material lock shaft interposed therebetween.

Thirdly, at the end of the material lock pressure vessel on the shaft side, a central rail on which the traveling hopper travels is provided so as to be erected inside the shaft, and the upper end of the shaft is projected above the material lock pressure vessel. The purpose is to form a lifting space for the clamshell.

Fourth, the gist is to provide airtight doors on the atmosphere side and the shaft side of the material lock pressure vessel and on the lower end of the shaft.

Fifthly, the excavated earth and sand in the pneumatic working chamber is grabbed by the clamshell, lifted to the hoisting space in the material lock pressure vessel, and the excavated earth and sand is transferred to the traveling hopper that has moved below the hoisting space. , Move the traveling hopper and load the excavated earth and sand loaded on it into the transport truck,
The gist is to lift the transport dolly from above the floor plate of the caisson to the above-ground part by a crane.

[0013]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the excavated earth and sand in the pneumatic working chamber is grabbed by the clam shell, lifted to the lifting space in the material lock pressure vessel, and moved to a position below the lifting space. The excavated soil is transferred to the movable hopper, the traveling hopper is moved, the excavated soil transferred to the movable hopper is loaded on the transport truck, and the transport truck is lifted by the crane from the floor plate of the caisson to the ground portion. Therefore, it is not necessary to install earth digging / loading equipment in the pneumatic working room.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, in addition to the above-mentioned function, since two traveling hoppers are installed, they can be continuously unloaded by alternately using them.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, in addition to the above function, the central rail is tilted into the shaft, the traveling hopper is moved to the central rail, and the lifting / lifting space is formed above the traveling hopper. By lifting the clamshell, the excavated soil in the clamshell can be easily transferred to the traveling hopper under pressure.

According to the present invention as set forth in claim 4, in addition to the above-mentioned action, by providing airtight doors on the atmosphere side and the shaft side of the material lock pressure container and on the lower end of the shaft, the inside of the material lock during earthmoving work. Can be kept airtight under pressure, and at the time of repair or inspection work, the airtight door at the lower end of the shaft can be closed and the material lock can be depressurized to work under atmospheric pressure.

According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, the soil discharging from the pressure working chamber is automated, the work by the submersible is not required, and the number of pressure reduction / pressurization in the material lock can be reduced. Soil efficiency is improved. Further, it is not necessary to stretch the material lock pressure vessel as the depth advances.

[0018]

Embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional front view showing an embodiment of a hoisting and discharging device in the pneumatic caisson method of the present invention.
The same components as those of the conventional example described above are designated by the same reference numerals.

In the present invention, the material lock 4 is installed on the base 21 arranged above the floor plate 10a of the caisson 10. This material lock 4 has a cruciform cross section, and the left and right spaces in FIG. 1 are pressure vessels 4b, the upper space is a lifting space 4c for the clamshell 1 to be described later, and the lower space is formed on the floorboard 10a. The shaft 4 a opens to the lifting hole 22.

In each of the left and right pressure vessels 4b, a traveling hopper 2 that is movable outside the pressure vessel 4b is provided, and a transport truck 3 that communicates with the traveling hopper 2 is provided.
Alternatively, the earth-moving bucket is positioned above the floor plate 10a and below the base 21 and movably arranged at a position other than directly below the pressure vessel 4b.

At the opening end of the material lock 4 on the shaft 4a side of the pressure vessel 4b, a central rail 5 on which the traveling hopper 2 travels is provided in the shaft 4a so that it can be undulated, and a lifting space 4c and a shaft 4a are provided. A hanging wire 13 that penetrates the lifting hole 22 and projects to the outside of the material lock 4.
And a clam shell 1 for moving up and down between the pneumatic working chamber 11 and the material lock 4 was attached to the lower end of the suspension wire 13.

The airtight doors 7, 6 and 8 are respectively provided at the open end of the material lock 4 on the atmosphere side, the open end on the shaft 4a side and the open end of the lifting hole 22 formed on the floor plate 10a.
Attach. In the figure, 9 indicates a crane for lifting the transport truck 3.

Next, a method of excavating and discharging soil will be described. The excavated earth and sand in the compressed air working chamber 11 collected under the material lock 4 by another device (not shown) is grasped by the clamshell 1, and the clamshell 1 loaded with the excavated earth and sand is lifted by the lifting wire 13 through the lifting hole 22. Suspend in Material Lock 4. In this case, as shown in FIG. 2, the clamshell 1 is pulled up to the lifting space 4c.

The shaft 4 of one pressure vessel 4b
The air-tight door 6 on the a side is moved upward to open the opening of the pressure container 4b on the shaft 4a side, the central rail 5 is tilted into the shaft 4a, and the traveling hopper 2 stored in the pressure container 4b. Is moved to above the central rail 5, and the traveling hopper 2 is positioned directly below the clamshell 1.

In this state, the clam shell 1 is opened, and the earth and sand is loaded into the traveling hopper 2. Next, the traveling hopper 2 is evacuated into the original pressure vessel 2, the central rail 5 is erected and returned to the original position, and the clam shell 1 is lowered into the pneumatic working chamber 11 again.
The excavated earth and sand are taken in and pulled up, and the earth and sand are transferred to the traveling hopper 2 by the same operation as described above.

This operation is repeated until the traveling hopper 2 reaches a fixed amount. During this time, the airtight doors 6 and 8 are left open, the airtight door 7 is closed, and the inside of the material lock 4 and the inside of the air pressure working chamber 11 are kept in airtight pressure.

When the amount of earth and sand transferred to the traveling hopper 2 reaches a certain amount, the airtight door 6 is closed as shown in FIG. 3, and the pressure container 4b accommodating the traveling hopper 2 is decompressed to the atmospheric pressure state. To do. When the atmospheric pressure is reached, the airtight door 7 is opened, the traveling hopper 2 is moved to the outside of the pressure vessel 4b on the base 21, and is positioned above the transport trolley 3 which is atmospheric under atmospheric pressure.

Then, the lower floor of the traveling hopper 2 is opened,
Reload the transport truck 3 with earth and sand. The empty traveling hopper 2 is returned to the inside of the pressure vessel 4b, the airtight door 7 is closed, and waits until the next transshipment. A floorboard of caisson 10 with a crane 9 equipped with a transport truck 3 loaded with earth and sand above the ground.
Lift from the top of 10a to the ground and remove the soil.

On the other hand, when the traveling hopper 2 reaches a fixed amount,
After shifting to the work of transposing earth and sand to the transport dolly 3, in parallel with this, another transceiving operation of the clamshell 1 is carried out by the other traveling hopper 2 which is on standby. As described above, the excavation and dumping work is continuously performed by using the two traveling hoppers 2.

Further, at the time of failure, inspection, or sinking of the caisson 10, the clamshell 1 is stored in the material lock 4,
The airtight door 8 under the floor 10a is closed, and the inside of the material lock 4 is depressurized to the atmospheric pressure state. Thereby, the repair work and the inspection work for the failure can be performed under the atmospheric pressure.

[0031]

As described above, the hoisting and discharging device and method in the pneumatic caisson method of the present invention can automatically carry out hoisting and discharging from the pneumatic working chamber, and the submersible work by the submersible under pressure. Is unnecessary, and high-pressure work at a large depth is possible. In addition, the hoisting work can be performed continuously, and the number of times of depressurization and pressurization in the material lock can be reduced, which can shorten the adjustment time and improve the hoisting efficiency. In addition, it is not necessary to extend the material lock pressure vessel, and the entire device can be made compact and of a fixed size.Furthermore, trouble repairs and inspection work can be easily performed under atmospheric pressure, and a sediment loading device in the work chamber, etc. The workability is good without the need to install.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional front view showing an embodiment of a soil discharging and discharging device in a pneumatic caisson method of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory view showing the first half of the working process by the soil discharging method in the pneumatic caisson method of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory view showing the latter half of the work process by the soil discharging method in the pneumatic caisson method of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of a soil discharge device in a conventional pneumatic caisson method.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ... Clamshell 2 ... Traveling hopper 3 ... Conveyor truck 4 ... Material lock 4a ... Shaft 4b ... Pressure vessel 4c ... Lifting space 5 ... Central rail 6 ... Airtight door 7 ... Airtight door 8 ... Airtight door 9 ... Crane 10 ... Caisson 10a ... Floorboard 11 ... Pneumatic working chamber 12 ... Exhaust bucket 13 ... Suspension wire 14 ... Man lock 14a ... Man shaft 15 ... Submersible box 16 ... Compressor 17 ... Air pipe 18 ... Excavation soil unloading device 19 ... Sediment hopper 20 ... Sediment Excavator / loader 21 ... Base 22 ... Lifting hole

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A pneumatic caisson construction method in which a floor plate is provided at the bottom of a caisson, and the bottom of the floor plate is used as an airtight pressure working chamber to send compressed air to the caisson to sink the caisson. A container is installed, and a traveling hopper that is movable inside the material lock pressure container is provided outside the pressure container, and a transport trolley that communicates with the traveling hopper is provided outside the material lock pressure container at the upper part of the floor plate. A hoisting and discharging device in a pneumatic caisson method, in which a clam shell is arranged to be able to move up and down in a material lock that communicates with a work room. 2. The hoisting and discharging device in the pneumatic caisson method according to claim 1, wherein two traveling hoppers are installed with a material lock shaft interposed therebetween. 3. A center rail on which a traveling hopper travels is provided at the end of the material lock pressure vessel on the shaft side so that the rail can be undulated in the shaft, and the upper end of the shaft is projected above the material lock pressure vessel to form a crumb. The hoisting and discharging device in the pneumatic caisson method according to claim 1, wherein a hoisting space of the shell is formed. 4. An airtight door is provided on the atmosphere side and the shaft side of the material lock pressure vessel and on the lower end of the shaft.
Excavating and discharging device in the described pneumatic caisson method. 5. The excavated earth and sand in the pneumatic working chamber is grabbed by a clamshell, lifted to a hoisting space in the material lock pressure vessel, and the excavated earth and sand is transferred to a traveling hopper that has moved below the hoisting space to travel. A hoisting and discharging method in the pneumatic caisson construction method, characterized in that the excavated earth and sand transferred to this type of hopper is loaded onto a transport truck, and the transport truck is lifted from the floor plate of the caisson to the above ground portion by a crane.