JP2844170B2 - Unloading device and method in pneumatic caisson method - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an apparatus and method for unloading and discharging in a pneumatic caisson method.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a pneumatic caisson method, for example, as shown in FIG. 10, a floor plate 10a is provided at the bottom of a caisson 10, and an airtight pneumatic working chamber 11 is formed below the floor plate 10a while compressed air is being sent there. The caisson is settled, and the shaft 4a of the material lock 4 provided on the ground
Is communicated with a pneumatic working chamber 11 through a floor plate 10a, and an earth discharging bucket 12 is provided in the shaft 4a so as to be able to move up and down by a suspension wire 13.

[0003] A man lock 14 for a submersible worker 15 to enter and exit the pneumatic working chamber 11 is provided in the same manner as the material lock 4, and a man shaft 14a communicates with the pneumatic working chamber 11 via a floor plate 10a. An air supply pipe 17 connected to a compressor 16 installed on the ground is open to the compressed air working chamber 11. In the figure, reference numeral 18 denotes an excavated soil discharging device, 19 denotes a sediment hopper, and 20 denotes a sediment excavator / loader.

In order to carry out the earth and sand excavated in the pressurized working chamber 11 to the ground, a discharging bucket is set in the pressurized working chamber 11.
After being loaded into the container 12, the earth discharging bucket 12 is lifted by an excavated earth discharging device 18 such as a winch, and the material lock 4 is depressurized to the atmospheric pressure and discharged to the atmospheric pressure. The suspension to the earth discharging bucket 12 is performed by the submersible boxer 15 in the compressed air working chamber 11.

[0005]

The submersion work 15 is required for the work of suspending the discharge bucket 12 in the pressurized work chamber 1 and the like.
This is difficult to apply to a deep caisson from the viewpoint of prevention of decompression sickness of workers and the like. And because of the intermittent unloading by the unloading bucket 12, the unloading efficiency does not increase, especially in deep caissons, as the process progresses, the lifting distance of the unloading bucket 12 increases, and the material lock 4
The pressurization and depressurization of the inside must be performed for each lifting, so that the unloading work cannot be performed continuously, and the work efficiency is reduced.

Further, as the depth of the material lock pressure vessel is extended, the entire device becomes large, and the hanging wires 13 of the earth discharging bucket 12 connect the upper and lower gates of the material lock 4 with each other. Because it penetrates, there is a lot of leakage and it is uneconomical.

An object of the present invention is to eliminate the disadvantages of the prior art, eliminate the need for submersion work by submersion under pressure, enable high-pressure operations at large depths, and automatically carry out unloading operations. In addition, the number of times of decompression and pressurization in the material lock can be reduced, the lifting efficiency is improved, a large-scale pneumatic caisson is possible, and there is no need to extend the material lock pressure vessel, An object of the present invention is to provide a lifting apparatus and method for a pneumatic caisson construction method that can make the entire apparatus compact and further reduce air leakage in a step of carrying out the lifted earth and sand.

[0008]

According to the present invention, in order to achieve the above object, first, a floor plate is provided at the bottom of a caisson, and an excavation is performed while sending compressed air to the lower part of the caisson as an airtight pneumatic working chamber. In the pneumatic caisson method of submerging a caisson, a material lock is installed on the upper part of the floor plate, and a pressure vessel of the material lock has a shaft opening to the pneumatic working chamber, a horizontal part communicating with the upper part of the shaft, and a horizontal part communicating with the upper part of the shaft. A moving device having a lifting device integrated with a traversing device is disposed on the horizontal portion, a clamshell is hung from the moving device, and the floor plate is disposed below the discharging portion. The gist of the present invention is that a bogie for carrying excavated soil that travels above is provided.

Secondly, the discharge section comprises an upper discharge port and a lower discharge port, and an airtight door is provided at a lower discharge opening of each discharge port.
It is another object of the present invention to provide an airtight door at a lower opening of a floor plate that opens to the pneumatic working chamber.

Third, the excavated soil carrying truck has a gist comprising a traveling truck and a sediment container separable from the traveling truck.

Fourth, the excavated earth and sand in the pneumatic working chamber is grasped by a clamshell, and the clamshell is lifted up into the shaft of the material lock by an elevating device, and the horizontal portion is moved by a traversing device so that the upper portion of the discharge portion is discharged. Move to a volume here, and when it reaches a predetermined amount, move to the lower outlet, depressurize the lower outlet to atmospheric pressure, and transfer it to the excavated soil carrying truck below the lower outlet. It is the gist.

[0012]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the excavated earth and sand in the pneumatic working chamber is gripped by the clamshell, the clamshell is lifted into the shaft of the material lock by the elevating device, and the horizontal portion is moved by the traversing device. It moves to the upper discharge port of the discharge section and deposits on it, and when a predetermined amount is reached, moves to the lower discharge port, depressurizes the lower discharge port to atmospheric pressure, and excavates soil below the lower discharge port. Transfer to a loading cart. Therefore,
Automatically excavates without the need for submersion.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, in addition to the above-described operation, when the excavated earth and sand is transferred from the clam shell to the excavated earth and sand carrying truck, the airtight door is provided in a double manner, so that the air leak at the discharge portion is prevented. Since it is minimized and a fixed amount can be deposited at the upper discharge port, a fixed amount can be easily supplied to the excavated sediment carrying truck. Furthermore, by dividing the discharge section into an upper discharge port and a lower discharge port with an airtight door, the upper discharge port can be discharged from the clamshell even during reloading from the lower discharge port, so that the soil can be continuously discharged.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, in addition to the above-mentioned operation, the excavated soil carrying truck can separate the earth and sand container from the traveling vehicle, so that only the earth and sand container can be lifted to the ground by a crane or the like, Work efficiency increases.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, excavated earth and sand in the pneumatic working chamber can be automatically and continuously excavated, and since a submersion work is not required, the invention can be applied to a caisson at a large depth. Is also good.

[0016]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional front view showing an embodiment of a lifting and discharging apparatus in the pneumatic caisson method of the present invention.
The same components as those of the conventional example described above are denoted by the same reference numerals.

In the present invention, a material lock 4 is installed above a floor plate 10a of a caisson 10. A pressure vessel 4b of the material lock 4 has a shaft 4a opening to a pneumatic working chamber 11 and a horizontal portion communicating with the upper portion of the shaft 4a. 4c and a discharge portion 4d communicating with the other end of the horizontal portion 4c.
d is an upper discharge port 5a and a lower discharge port 5b, an upper airtight door 6a and a lower airtight door 6b are provided at a lower discharge opening of each of the discharge ports 5a and 5b, and a floor plate opened to the pneumatic working chamber 11 is provided. An airtight door 6c was also provided at the lower opening of 10a.

A moving device 1 provided integrally with a traversing device 2 and an elevating device 3 is disposed on the horizontal portion 4c, and a clam shell 21 is suspended from the moving device 1 so as to be able to move up and down.

The discharge section 4d of the material lock 4
A plurality of excavated soil carrying trucks 22 are movably provided on the floor plate 10a of the caisson 10 below the lower opening of the caisson 10.
The excavated sediment carrying cart 22 is configured such that a sediment container 23 is detachably mounted on a traveling cart 24 laid on the floor plate 10a and traveling on rails 25.

On the other hand, a crane 26 for lifting the earth and sand container 23 is installed on the ground.

Next, a method of unloading and discharging will be described with reference to FIGS. As a first step, the clam shell 21 is lowered by the elevating device 3 down the shaft 4a, and the excavated soil collected directly below the lower opening of the material lock 4 in the pneumatic work chamber 11 is gripped by the clam shell 21 (see FIG. 2). ), As the second step,
The clam shell 21 containing the excavated earth and sand is lifted by the lifting device 3 in the shaft 4a (see FIG. 3).

In the third step, the clamshell is lifted
21 is traversed in the horizontal section 4c by the traversing device 2,
d), the clamshell 21 is opened, and the excavated earth and sand falls into the upper discharge port 5a. At this time, since the hermetic door 6a provided in the lower opening of the upper discharge port 5a is closed, excavated earth and sand is deposited on the hermetic door 6a (see FIG. 4).

As a fourth step, the clamshell 21 is moved by the traversing device 2 in the horizontal portion 4c to the upper portion of the shaft 4a again, and lowered by the elevating device 3 into the compressed air working chamber 11 again. Then, the excavated earth and sand in the pneumatic working chamber 11 is again unloaded, moved to the upper discharge port 5a, dropped there, and the operation is repeated (see FIG. 5).

As a fifth step, when the amount of excavated earth and sand accumulated in the upper discharge port 5a reaches a predetermined amount, the hermetic door 6a of the upper discharge port 5a is opened, and the excavated earth and sand falls into the lower discharge port 5b. At this time, since the airtight door 6b provided at the lower opening of the lower discharge port 5b is closed, the excavated earth and sand stays in the lower discharge port 5b (see FIG. 6).

Next, as a sixth step, the airtight door 6a of the upper outlet 5a is closed, and the inside of the lower outlet 5b is depressurized to an atmospheric pressure. (See FIG. 7).

As a seventh step, the excavated soil carrying truck 22 is made to stand by immediately below the lower opening of the lower discharge port 5b, and when the inside of the lower discharge port 5b is brought into the atmospheric pressure state, the airtight door 6b of the lower opening is opened. Is released, and the excavated earth and sand in the lower discharge port 5b is transferred into the earth and sand container 23 of the excavated earth and sand carrying truck 22 (see FIG. 8). During this time, the moving device 1 continues to operate, and the excavated earth and sand is sent from the pressurized work chamber 11 by the clamshell 21 to the discharge portion 4d via the shaft 4a and the horizontal portion 4c, and is loaded into the upper discharge port 5a.

As the eighth step, when the transfer to the excavated sediment carrying truck 22 is completed, the airtight door 6b of the lower discharge port 5b is closed, and the inside of the lower discharge port 5b is pressurized to make the material lock 4 open.
To the same internal pressure as Then, the excavated earth and sand carrying truck 22 having completed the transfer is moved, and only the earth and sand container 23 is lifted from the upper part of the floor plate 10 to the ground part by the crane 26 on the ground. Instead, another excavated sediment carrying truck 22 waiting on the upper part of the floor plate 10a is moved to immediately below the discharge part 4c of the material lock 4 to prepare for the next sediment discharge (see FIG. 9).

In this case, the trolley 22 for excavating and transporting excavated earth and sand is constituted by the traveling trolley 24 and the sediment container 23 which can be separated therefrom, so that only the sediment container 23 can be lifted by the crane 26 as described above. Work efficiency is increased.

The above operation is repeated to carry out the earth discharging work.
During this time, the clamshell 21 in the material lock 4 does not require a waiting time for pressure adjustment, and is
The excavated earth and sand in 11 can be handled.

At the time of maintenance and inspection, the airtight door 6c at the lower end of the material lock 4 is closed to shut off the air pressure working chamber 11,
If the pressure inside the material lock 4 is reduced to the atmospheric pressure state, the work under the atmospheric pressure becomes possible, and the submersion work is not required.

Further, it is not necessary to extend the material lock 4 accompanying the sinking of the caisson 10.

[0032]

As described above, the lifting and discharging apparatus and method in the pneumatic caisson method of the present invention eliminates the need for submersion work by submersion under pressure and enables high-pressure operations at large depths. Unloading work can be performed automatically and continuously, and the frequency of decompression and pressurization in the material lock can be reduced, improving the efficiency of the unloading operation, enabling a large-scale pneumatic caisson. There is no need to extend the pressure vessel, making the entire device compact,
In addition, air leakage during the process of discharging the excavated earth and sand can be reduced, and the excavated earth and sand can be efficiently lifted to the ground.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional front view showing an embodiment of a lifting and discharging device in a pneumatic caisson method of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a first step showing an embodiment of a method of unloading and discharging in the pneumatic caisson method of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory view of a second step showing an embodiment of a method of unloading and discharging in the pneumatic caisson method of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of a third step showing an embodiment of a method of unloading and discharging in the pneumatic caisson method of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of a fourth step showing an embodiment of the method of unloading and discharging in the pneumatic caisson method of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory view of a fifth step showing an embodiment of the method of unloading and discharging in the pneumatic caisson method of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of a sixth step showing an embodiment of the method of unloading and discharging in the pneumatic caisson method of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory view of a seventh step showing an embodiment of the method of unloading and discharging in the pneumatic caisson method of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of an eighth step showing an embodiment of the method of unloading and discharging in the pneumatic caisson method of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is an explanatory view showing a lifting apparatus in the conventional pneumatic caisson method.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Moving device 2 ... Traversing device 3 ... Elevating device 4 ... Material lock 4a ... Shaft 4b ... Pressure vessel 4c ... Horizontal part 4d ... Discharge part 5a ... Upper discharge port 5b ... Lower discharge port 6a, 6b, 6c ... Airtight door 10 ... Caisson 10a ... Floor board 11 ... Compressed air chamber 12 ... Unloading bucket 13 ... Hanging wire 14 ... Man lock 14a ... Man shaft 15 ... Submersible enclosure 16 ... Compressor 17 ... Air pipe 18 ... Excavated soil discharge device 19 ... Sand hopper 20 ... Sediment digging / loading machine 21… Clam shell 22… Excavation sediment carrying trolley 23… Sediment container 24… Traveling trolley 25… Rail 26… Crane

────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-4-153415 (JP, A) JP-A-6-33467 (JP, A) JP-A-6-33466 (JP, A) (58) Field (Int.Cl. ⁶ , DB name) E02D 23/08 E02D 23/06

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] 1. A pneumatic caisson construction method in which a floor plate is provided at the bottom of a caisson, a squeezed excavation is performed while sending compressed air thereunder as an airtight pneumatic working chamber, and a material lock is provided on an upper portion of the floor plate. Installed, the pressure vessel of the material lock is composed of a shaft opening to the pneumatic working chamber, a horizontal part communicating with the upper part of the shaft, and a discharge part communicating with the other end of the horizontal part, the lifting device in the traversing device A moving device provided integrally is arranged on the horizontal portion, a clam shell is hung from the moving device, and a bogie for carrying excavated soil that runs on the floor plate below the discharge portion is arranged. Unloading and discharging equipment in the pneumatic caisson method. 2. The discharge section comprises an upper discharge port and a lower discharge port, and an airtight door is provided at a lower discharge opening of each discharge port.
2. The lifting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein an airtight door is provided at a lower opening of a floor plate opened to the pneumatic working chamber. 3. The lifting / discharging apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the excavated soil carrying truck comprises a traveling truck and a sediment container separable from the traveling truck. 4. Excavated earth and sand in the pneumatic working chamber is gripped by a clamshell, and the clamshell is lifted up into a material lock shaft by an elevating device, and a horizontal portion is moved by a traversing device to move to an upper outlet of the discharge portion. When the volume reaches a predetermined amount, it moves to the lower discharge port, the lower discharge port is depressurized to the atmospheric pressure, and is transferred to the excavated soil carrying truck below the lower discharge port. Discharge method in the pneumatic caisson method.