JPH081138A - Pretreatment device for solidifying shredder dust - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To pretreat shredder dust so that it is suitable for the solidification. CONSTITUTION:This pretreatment device for solidifying shredder dust consists of a rod mill 30 which treats dust D1 separated by a shredder plant, magnetic separators 31, 32 which separate a ferrous material from primary treated material D2, and a non-ferrous material separation system 40 which separates a non-ferrous material from secondary treated material D4 obtained by separating the ferrous material D3 from a raw material D2. The non-ferrous material separation system 40 is composed of a 60mm trommel 41, a hand-picking conveyor 42 for transporting a raw material ranging from 60mm to an oversize, a 20mm trommel 43 and a non-ferrous material separator 44. In addition, the pretreatment device is equipped with an estimated feeder 50, transport belts 51, 52, hoppers 53, 54, 55 and a 10mm trommel 56. Thus shredder dust is of an appropriate size as a raw material for the solidification of shredder dust, and besides, is of a high purity such that it does not contain metal and glass pieces.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a shredder dust solidification pretreatment device for treating the dust separated in a shredder plant into a raw material suitable for solidification.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Shredder plants mainly produce discarded automobiles, and also produce steelmaking raw materials from other discarded electrical appliances, bicycles, motorcycles, vending machines, empty cans, galvanized iron, and other waste materials. This is a plant whose purpose is to facilitate processing. Therefore, in a conventional plant, after crushing waste such as automobiles with a shredder,
A wind-powered sorter removes lightweight materials containing dust as a main component, a magnetic separator separates and collects iron, and a sieve and non-ferrous sorter separate non-ferrous metals to separate and collect the residual components and the dust components. It is generally called shredder dust and is discarded. Such shredder dust contains rubber, plastic, fiber, wood, urethane, glass, etc. as its main components, but it is inevitable that ferrous and non-ferrous metals are mixed to some extent in the limit of the sorting ability.

Since such shredder dust has a small apparent specific gravity of about 0.2 to 0.4, it has a low volumetric efficiency at the time of transportation or disposal, and is visually recognized as waste, so that it can be conveyed to residents during transportation. It is not preferable to dispose of it as it is because it has a large psychological effect. On the other hand, most of such shredder dust is flammable from petroleum, wood, etc., and its calorific value is 700.
It is about 0 to 10000 Kcal / kg, and if the problems due to chlorine, sulfur, etc. contained when burning are solved,
It can be enough fuel. Because of this,
Reduced shredder dust volume for easier transportation and processing
A treatment that solidifies is desired. Note that shredder dust was previously disposed of at a stable landfill site, but recently it has become socially recognized, and a law that requires landfill at a managed landfill site is about to be enacted. Therefore, solidification of shredder dust is highly necessary in terms of effective use of the disposal site and suppression of increase in disposal cost.

For solidifying the shredder dust, for example, a plastic solidifying device is used. In this solidification device, the shredder dust is compressed and reduced in volume and squeezed out.However, as described above, fragments of metal or glass are mixed in the dust to some extent, so for example, in a screw type device, the screw or casing There was a problem that the surface was severely worn by tens of times as compared with the case where the plastic was solidified. On the other hand, even if the raw material crushed by the shredder is processed with a cutter mill or a twin-screw crusher, the metals are also crushed at the same time, so the selection / selection
In addition to being difficult to separate, there is a problem that the blade itself of the crusher is worn due to the glass and sediment in the dust. or,
If metal or glass fragments are mixed, there is also a problem that the quality of the solidified product is not good when it is used as a fuel in the future.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to solve the above problems in the prior art and to provide a shredder dust solidification pretreatment device capable of treating shredder dust in a manner suitable for solidification. .

[0006]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a shredder dust solidification pretreatment device,
A rod mill or a ball mill into which dust separated by a shredder plant is introduced as a raw material, an iron separation means for separating iron from a first processed product processed by the rod mill or the ball mill, and an iron separated from the first processed product A non-ferrous separating means for separating non-ferrous metal from the second treated product,
It is characterized by having.

[0007]

According to the present invention, the shredder dust solidification pretreatment device has a rod mill or a ball mill into which the dust separated in the shredder plant is introduced as a raw material. In a rod mill or ball mill (since the rod mill or ball mill has the same function, only the case of the rod mill will be described below), a large number of heavy rods made of iron or the like are enclosed in the rotor, and the rotation of the rotor causes After the rod is carried from bottom to top, the free fall motion is repeated. Therefore, the raw material introduced therein is sandwiched between the rods or between the rods and the inner surface of the rotating body, and receives an impact force. In this case, since the rod and the inner surface of the rotating body are curved surfaces having a constant curvature, the impact force received by the raw material is mainly a compressive force. As a result, tough, ductile, and malleable metals have a flattened shape without being crushed and rather expand their area, while those with low compressive strength, such as plastic, glass, wood, and urethane. The brittle one is crushed into pieces. Glasses are particularly brittle and are powdered. That is, selective crushing is performed. As a result, the material to be solidified, such as plastic, has a size suitable for solidification.

On the other hand, the rod surface of the rod mill has a curved surface and does not have an acute angle as in a cutter mill.
Even if it comes into contact with metal, glass, etc., it is less worn, and even if it is worn, the function of the rod mill is not significantly deteriorated. Therefore, the rod mill has a long service life.

Next, since there is an iron separating means for separating iron from the first processed product processed by the rod mill or the ball mill, it is possible to separate iron which is an obstacle to solidification. In this case, the iron content is not crushed even if it is processed by the rod mill, but rather the planar shape is large, so the recovery rate thereof is greatly improved. As the iron separating means, for example, a magnetic separator using an electromagnet is used.

Further, since the non-ferrous separating means for separating the non-ferrous metal from the second treated product in which the iron content is separated from the first treated product is provided, the non-ferrous metal can be removed from the shredder dust and the shredder dust is solidified. It will be suitable. In this case, non-ferrous metals such as copper and aluminum expand the area without being crushed, and the plastics etc. are finely pulverized, and selective crushing is performed, thus promoting the differentiation of the sizes of the two. . Therefore, when the two are separated by a commonly used sieve, the proportion of metal in the large size increases, and the proportion of other in the small size increases, and favorable conditions for removal of non-ferrous metals are Has been realized. As a result, the recovery rate of nonferrous metals is significantly improved.

[0011]

EXAMPLE FIG. 1 shows an example of a shredder plant for producing shredder dust, which is a raw material for the shredder dust solidification pretreatment apparatus of the example shown in FIG. Show. First, the outline of the shredder plant will be described with reference to this figure.

A steelmaking raw material 1 such as an abandoned automobile is supplied to a supply line 2
Is put into the pre-shredder 3 and crushed to a certain size, stored in the pit 4, and fed into the raw material supply conveyor 5.
It is carried to the shredder 6 and crushed into smaller pieces. The pre-shredder may be omitted depending on the plant. This raw material is transported by the transport line 7 and introduced into the wind power sorter 8, and the low specific gravity component is shredder dust as a cyclone type dust separation system 9 due to the flow velocity of the air circulated by the blower 8a therein.
And the other components are sent to the magnetic separator 10.

The shredder dust is a dust line 11
It is transported by and is piled up as shredder dust A. Among the raw materials sent to the magnetic separator 10, the component mainly composed of iron carried by the magnetic separator 10 is deposited as iron via the hand picking conveyor 12 and the swiveling conveyor 13. In the hand picking conveyor 12, the non-ferrous components 14 such as copper that accompany it are removed. Iron is 9 by this processing
The purity is about 9.8%. The iron may be subjected to the wind sorter again before it is used as the final steelmaking raw material. At this time, the separated lightweight material becomes shredder dust.

The remaining components from which most of the iron content has been separated are further recovered by the suspension type magnetic separator 15 on the conveyor 14 and the separated iron content is separated by a cylindrical rotary sieve 16 called a trommel. For example, components with a size of 50 mm or more are conveyed by the hand picking conveyor 17, and after non-ferrous components 18 such as aluminum, tin, and copper are manually removed, large-sized rubber, plastic, etc. are shredded as shredder dust B. To be done.

For the components of 50 mm or less, after the residual iron content is recovered by the magnetic separator 19, the residual components are again put into the container 21 by the trommel 20, for example, with a boundary of 10 mm. , The oversized ones are applied to the non-ferrous sorting machine 22 and the non-ferrous components are passed through the hand picking conveyor 23 to the mixed metal 2
4 is deposited. On the hand picking conveyor 23, coins and copper 25 are manually separated. The mixed metal 24 has, for example, 60 to 75% aluminum and a purity of about 98% as a metal. On the other hand, the residue C from which the non-ferrous components have been separated by the non-ferrous separator 22 is transferred to the conveyor
And is sent to the dust line 11 or is separately deposited.

In such a shredder plant, the shredder dust A contains ferrous and non-ferrous metals such as empty cans and thin metal pieces. Also, other than metals, some have a small specific gravity but a large size, and therefore are not suitable for solidification as they are. Furthermore, a considerable amount of glass pieces and the like are also included. Therefore, the shredder dust A is a main raw material for the solidification pretreatment device. Since the shredder dust B is temporarily free of ferrous and non-ferrous metals, it is not necessary to apply it to a pretreatment device,
It is desirable to treat with a pretreatment device because there is a large amount of dust which is not suitable for the pretreatment device or a metal component is still mixed. The shredder dust C does not necessarily need to be subjected to a pretreatment device because the metal content is sufficiently removed and the size thereof is suitable for solidification, but it is not suitable for solidification of glass pieces or the like. Since it is often contained, it is desirable that it is similarly processed by the pretreatment device.

Since FIG. 1 shows only one example of the shredder plant, the shredder dust as a raw material of the shredder dust solidification pretreatment apparatus of the present invention is not limited to the above. For example, dust from plants that do not select wind power is also targeted. That is, even if the dust of any shredder plant, the dust that is mixed with such things as the metal content and the glass pieces, which hinders the solidification and deteriorates the quality of the solidified product, is the solid of the present invention. It can be used as a raw material for a chemical pretreatment device.

FIG. 2 shows a schematic configuration of the shredder dust solidification pretreatment apparatus of the embodiment. This apparatus is a suspension type magnetic separator as an iron separating means for separating iron from a rod mill 30 into which dust D ₁ separated in a shredder plant is introduced as a raw material and a first processed product D ₂ processed in the rod mill 30. 31 and a drum type magnetic separator 32, and a non-ferrous separation system 4 as a non-ferrous separation means for separating non-ferrous metal from the second processed product D ₄ in which the iron content D ₃ is separated from the first processed product D _2.
0.

The non-ferrous separation system 40 is 60 m in this embodiment.
m Trommel 41, a hand picking conveyor 42 that conveys an oversized raw material of 60 mm, a 20 mm trommel 43, a non-ferrous sorter 44, and the like. Code 5
Reference numeral 0 is a constant quantity feeder for supplying a certain amount of dust to the rod mill 30, 51, 52 are conveyor belts, 53, 54, 55 are hoppers, and 56 is a 10 mm trommel.

The rod mill 30 is a device in which a large number of rods are put in a casing, the trunnion portions at both ends of the casing are supported to rotate the casing by gears, and a part of the casing is supported by a tire or the like and rotated. is there. As an example, a rod mill 30 whose schematic structure is shown in FIG. 4 has a large number of steel rods 30 in a casing 30a.
b is enclosed in a free state, and the driven part 30c is configured to be supported and rotated by a rotating body 30d such as a tire that is rotationally driven by a drive system (not shown). 30e and 30f are inlets and outlets for the dust D ₁ . Rotating body 3
When 0d rotates, the casing 30a rotates and the rod 30b repeats rising and falling randomly.

The dust D ₁ contains metal, glass, etc. as described with reference to FIG. 1. When introduced into the rod mill 30 having such a structure, the dust D ₁ is repeatedly used between a large number of rods or between a rod and a casing. It is pinched and mainly receives a shocking compressive force. As a result, low-strength materials such as plastic, wood, and urethane are finely crushed. In addition, brittle components such as glass and sand are pulverized into powder. On the other hand, ferrous and non-ferrous metals are not crushed because they are tough and have high ductility and malleability, and those having a three-dimensional shape are stretched and the plane area is rather expanded. It should be noted that thin sheet-shaped rubber or plastic has high flexibility and is not easily crushed. In particular, tires and the like reinforced with metal wires are not crushed. Therefore, relatively
Tires including metals and metal wires remain in a large size or increase in size, plastics decrease in size,
Glass, etc., becomes powder and is discharged. That is, shredder dust is selectively crushed by the rod mill according to the material,
The size selection makes it easy to separate the materials, and most of the objects to be solidified have a size suitable for solidification.

Although the rod mill has been described above, in the case of the ball mill, balls such as steel balls are used in place of the rod, but the same action and effect as in the case of the rod mill can be obtained.

The magnetic separators 31 and 32 are similar to those used in a normal shredder plant, and utilize the property of iron as a ferromagnetic material to separate and recover iron using a permanent magnet or an electromagnet. Is. Trommel 41,
Reference numerals 43 and 56 are cylindrical rotary sieves formed by rotating a cylindrical body having many small holes. However, other types of sieves such as a vibrating sieve can be used. In the non-ferrous separation system 40 of this embodiment, the large size trommel 41 is on the upstream side and the small size trommel 43 is on the downstream side.
The opposite configuration may be adopted depending on the particle size distribution of the dust processed by the rod mill 30 for each material. Also, as for the hole size of the trommel, the size shown in this embodiment is an example, and it goes without saying that an appropriate size is selected in an actual device depending on the particle size distribution and the like.

In the hand picking conveyor 42 for handling dust of over 60 mm, non-ferrous metals such as copper (particularly copper wire), aluminum and tin are manually recovered. In this case, due to the effect of the selective crushing of the rod mill, the large-sized dust to be transported contains a large amount of metal components, so that the sorting thereof becomes easy. Further, since a metal-reinforced tire or the like is also transported in a large size, such an obstacle to solidification can be separated here. The residual component P ₁ separated here does not contain metals, and since it has a large size and does not contain glass or sand powder, it is a material for solidifying shredder dust. In addition,
Depending on the type of waste to be handled, a non-ferrous sorting machine may be used instead of the hand picking conveyor.

In the present embodiment, those under 60 mm in size are separated by a 20 mm trommel 43 through a 10 mm trommel 56. Those under 10 mm include a large amount of earth and sand and glass powder, and
Since the specific gravity has increased due to the reduction in size, by adding 10 trommel in this way, it is possible to effectively separate the glass etc. that deteriorates the quality as a solidified product, and when discarding it, it is necessary to use a transport vehicle and a waste vehicle. The volume efficiency in the place can be increased. Therefore, the component Q ₁ separated here may be discarded at the disposal site or may be used as a raw material for solidification, depending on its composition, usefulness of the solidified product when solidified, and the like. In the latter case, a step of separating sand or glass may be further provided.

10 mm-2 separated by trommel 43
The 0 mm size component Q ₂ contains almost no metal component because of its small size, and the content of sand, glass, etc. is also the component Q 2.
Less than that of the _1. Therefore, it can be sufficiently utilized as a raw material for solidification. However, although the specific gravity is lighter than Q _1, it is considerably large and may be discarded at the disposal site. The 20 mm to 60 mm size discharged from the trommel 43 is sent to the non-ferrous separator 44 and separated into the non-ferrous metal 57, a very small amount of residual iron 58, and the remaining component P ₂ .

The non-ferrous sorting machine 44 is a sorting machine utilizing the conductivity of non-ferrous metals such as copper and aluminum. As shown in the principle structure of FIG. 5, a vibrating feeder 44a for introducing raw materials and a supply belt 44b. , Magnet rotor 4
4c, a non-ferrous metal hopper 44d, a residue hopper 44e, an iron (magnetic material) hopper 44f, a deposit hopper 44g, and the like. When the non-ferrous metal is transported and reaches the magnet rotor, it cuts off the magnetic field formed by the McNett rotor, and because it is a conductor, eddy current is generated inside the non-ferrous metal, and the magnetic field and eddy current accompany the transport. In addition to inertial force, kinetic force is generated, and the non-ferrous metal is blown farther than the residue having low conductivity. As a result, non-ferrous metals and residues such as plastics are sorted.

In this case, since the non-ferrous metal and the residue are both appropriately sized, the sorting accuracy by the sorting machine is good. Therefore, the residual component P ₂ is shredder dust for solidification that is extremely pure and contains no non-ferrous metal. Further, the component P ₂ contains almost no glass, sand or the like in view of its size range. Therefore, the component P ₂
Is a good quality solidified material.

FIG. 3 shows an example of a solidification system. Figure 2
Ingredients P ₁ and P ₂ shown in ( ₁₎ or Q ₁ and Q ₂
The solidified raw material M such as is supplied by the constant amount feeder 60, is transported by the transport belt 61, is introduced into the solidifier 62, is solidified, and is deposited as a solidified product 63 which is a product. As the solid machine, for example, a screw type machine for volume-solidifying plastic is used. This machine rotates a pair of screws in a casing in which the discharge port is narrowed into a nozzle having a small diameter, introduces a raw material between both the screws, and pumps the raw material between the rotating both screws and the casing. This is a machine in which the raw materials such as plastics and rubber are used to deform the raw materials by the compression heat generated at the time of compression to fix them to each other, solidify them, and discharge them from the discharge port. Depending on the material and the like, it may be compressed in two stages.

In such solid processing, the raw material M is
Since it has been treated with the pretreatment device of the present invention as shown in FIG. 2, it does not contain ferrous or non-ferrous metal components, glass fragments, etc., so the screw surface of the solid machine or the casing that slides in pressure contact with the raw material. Does not damage the surface. Therefore, the life of the solid machine is greatly extended. In addition, solid product 53 which is a product
Are of good quality when used as fuel.

[0031]

As described above, according to the present invention, the shredder dust is selectively crushed using a rod mill or a ball mill, and the shredder dust is treated by an iron separating means and a non-ferrous separating means to produce a raw material for solidifying the shredder dust. As a result, it can be made to have an appropriate size, and can have extremely high purity as an object to be solidified without containing metal or glass pieces. As a result, the shredder dust can be converted into a material suitable for solidification.

As described above, the use of the present invention facilitates the solidification of shredder dust, so that the solidification process is promoted. If the solidification of shredder dust is promoted, not only will the problem of the disposal site be solved, but if solidified products will be used as fuel in the future, it is said that 1.2 million tons of solid waste is discarded annually in Japan. Most of the shredder dust that is used is reused, and almost nothing is discarded. If the shredder dust is reused along with the recovery of iron and non-ferrous, almost all of a large amount of waste such as abandoned automobiles will be reused, which saves resources and protects the environment. Therefore, the present invention has an effect that can contribute to solving such a global problem.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of the configuration of a shredder plant.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing an overall configuration of a shredder dust solidification pretreatment device of an example.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of a shredder dust solidifying device.

FIG. 4 shows a schematic configuration of a rod mill used in the pretreatment apparatus, (a) is a front view and (b) is a side view.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing a schematic configuration of a non-ferrous sorting machine used in the pretreatment device.

[Explanation of symbols]

30 Rod Mill 31 Hanging Type Magnetic Separator (Iron Separation Means) 32 Drum Type Magnetic Separator (Iron Separation Means) 40 Non-Ferrous Separation System (Non-Ferrous Separation Means) 44 Non-Ferrous Sorter (Non-Ferrous Separation Means) D ₁ Dust D ₂ First Treatment D ₄ Second processed product

Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification number Office reference number FI Technical indication location B03C 1/23 1/30 Z (72) Inventor Toshio Nakayama 5-726 Yagashinmachi, Higashi-ku, Hiroshima-shi, Hiroshima Nakayama Metal Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Takeshi Imagawa 2476-38 Nunokawa, Tone-cho, Kitasoma-gun, Ibaraki New Techno Co., Ltd.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A rod mill or a ball mill into which dust separated by a shredder plant is introduced as a raw material, an iron separation means for separating iron from a first processed product processed by the rod mill or the ball mill, and the first processed product. A non-ferrous separation means for separating non-ferrous metal from the second treated product from which iron has been separated from the shredder dust solidification pretreatment device.