JPH0810617Y2 - Structure of pitched roof - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a structure of a roof with a slope such as a skylight, a greenhouse, and a solarium.

2. Description of the Related Art Since such a roof uses a plate-like body made of a material such as a glass plate or plastic having a light-transmitting property, it is possible that the indoor temperature rise due to sunlight in the summer and the temperature decrease in the winter season. As a result, dew condensation occurs on the indoor surface of the roof.
When such condensation occurs, the light does not enter the room sufficiently,
In addition, since the condensed water drops fall into the room, there is a problem that a comfortable living environment cannot be obtained in the room.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a structure of a sloping roof capable of improving the comfort of the indoor living environment.

Means for Solving the Problems In the present invention, a roof 2 of a building is provided with translucent roof members 9 and 10 of two upper and lower slopes spaced apart from each other. At the bottom, each roof member 9,
Ventilation holes 29, 30; 45, 46 for communicating the space 11 between the 10 and the outside are formed respectively, and the upper ventilation holes 29, 30 and the lower ventilation holes 45, 46 are individually set at a predetermined temperature. The structure of a sloping roof is characterized in that means 31 and 47 for opening and closing are respectively provided.

Further, the present invention is characterized in that the upper part of each roof member 9, 10 is provided with a forced exhaust means 61 for starting an exhaust operation at a predetermined temperature.

Operation According to the present invention, the roof 2 of the building is supported with the upper and lower two layers of roof members 9 and 10 spaced apart from each other. Ventilation holes 29,30; 45,46 in the upper and lower parts of each roof member 9,10
And a means 31, 47 for individually opening and closing the upper ventilation holes 29, 30 and the lower ventilation holes 45, 46 at a predetermined temperature. In this way, the space 11 between the upper and lower roof members 9, 10 is opened and closed by the opening / closing means 31, 47.
It is possible to achieve ventilation by opening and closing at a predetermined temperature to achieve the heat insulating effect by the space 11. Space again
Since the inside 11 can be ventilated, the air in the space 11 whose temperature has been raised by solar heat can be discharged to the outside,
As a result, the influence of the outside air temperature does not directly affect the room temperature, and when the temperature difference between the inside and outside is large, such as in the summer or winter, the temperature difference between the space 11 and the room is smaller than the temperature difference between the inside and outside. Thus, it is possible to prevent dew condensation from occurring on the surface of the lower-layer roof member 10 facing the room, and in this way, it is possible to achieve both indoor temperature control and dew condensation prevention.

Further, according to the present invention, since the forced exhaust means 61 for starting the exhaust operation at a predetermined temperature is provided above the roof members 9 and 10, by appropriately setting the predetermined temperature, the space 11 By forcibly exhausting the air in the space and performing ventilation, the heat insulating effect by the space 11 can be achieved.

Embodiment FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing a skylight 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an overall perspective view of the skylight 1 shown in FIG. A roof 2 of a house or the like is provided with a skylight 1, and the skylight 1 is used to illuminate a room 3 and provide ventilation. The skylight 1 has a sloping sloping roof 4, a front wall 6 that can be opened and closed in the arrow A direction around a hinge 5 as a center of rotation, and a pair of left and right side walls 7 and 8.

The sloping roof 4 is composed of two upper and lower sloping roof members 9,10.
The space 11 formed between the roof members 9 and 10 is provided with a ventilation function to be described later, and the air from the outside is introduced into the space 11 as indicated by the arrow 12 in FIG. It is configured to take in and expel air in space 11 as indicated by arrow 13. In addition, the upper roof member 9 is a heat insulating material 16
Is supported on the lower layer roof member 10 via .about.21, whereby the heat transfer between the roof members 9 and 10 can be blocked.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view near the upper end 22 of the skylight 1. The upper roof member 9 has a light-transmissive, for example, transparent glass plate 25, and the upper end of the glass plate 25 in FIG. 3 is supported by an upper upper frame member 26 made of aluminum. . The upper layer upper frame member 26 includes a frame member 27 that supports the glass plate 25, and a frame member 28 that is fixed to the frame member 27. The frame members 27 and 28 include air in the space 11. Ventilation hole for discharging to the outside as shown by arrow 13.
29 and 30 are formed respectively. Further, in the vicinity of the ventilation hole 29 of the frame member 27, due to the function of a shape memory alloy or the like, a space is formed.
Opening / closing means 31 is provided for opening the ventilation hole 29 when the temperature of 11 reaches, for example, 20 ° C. or higher. The heat insulating materials 16 and 17 are disposed below the frame member 27. These insulations 1
6, 17 are made of a flexible and elastic material such as neoprene rubber, urethane rubber or vinyl chloride, and are supported by a purlin 32 made of aluminum. With such heat insulating materials 16 and 17, the frame member 27 and the purlin 3
The mutual heat transfer with 2 can be blocked.

In the space 11, below the glass plate 25, a light-shielding screen 33 arranged substantially parallel to the glass plate 25.
A winding means 34 is provided on one end side in the longitudinal direction of the light-shielding screen 33, and the light-shielding screen 33 is moved by the winding means 34 to block light from the outside. Or can be incorporated.

Below the upper layer roof member 9 having such a configuration,
The lower roof member 10 is arranged so as to be inclined substantially in parallel.
The lower-layer roof member 10 is configured by sealing dry air between a pair of transparent glass plates 36, 37 having translucency, and the upper end portions of these glass plates 36, 37 are lower-layer upper frame members. 3
Supported by eight. The lower layer upper frame member 38 is supported on the purlin 32 by the heat insulating materials 18 and 19. These heat insulating materials 18 and 19 are made of a material such as a hard urethane resin and can block mutual heat transfer between the purlin 32 and the lower upper frame member 38.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged sectional view near the lower end portion 41 of the skylight 1. The lower end of the upper roof member 9 is fixed to an upper lower frame member 42 made of aluminum. This upper layer lower frame material 42,
A frame member 43 that supports the lower end of the glass plate 25, and a frame member
And a frame member 44 fixed to 43. These frame members 4
Ventilation holes 45 and 46 are formed in the spaces 3 and 4 for taking in the atmosphere from the outside into the space 11 as indicated by the arrow 12. The opening / closing means is provided near the ventilation hole 46 of the frame member 43.
An opening / closing means 47 having the same configuration as 31 is provided, and as described above, for example, when the temperature in the space 11 becomes 20 ° C. or higher, the ventilation hole 46 is opened so that the outside air is indicated by the arrow 12. It is configured so that it can be introduced into the space 11 through the ventilation holes 45 and 46. In the vicinity of the opening / closing means 47,
Winding means 48 is arranged, and the other longitudinal end of the light-shielding screen 33 is wound around the winding means 48, and the light-shielding screen 33 is opened and closed in conjunction with the winding means. It is configured to be able to.

The lower end of the lower roof member 10 is fixed to a lower lower frame member 49 made of aluminum.
The heat insulating materials 20 and 21 are interposed between the upper layer lower frame member 42 and the upper layer 49. The heat insulating materials 20 and 21 are made of the same material as the heat insulating materials 16 and 17, and block heat transfer between the upper lower frame member 42 and the lower lower frame member 49. The upper layer lower frame member 42 and the lower layer lower frame member 49 are arranged so as to extend in the direction perpendicular to the paper surface of FIG. 4, and the heat insulating materials 20 and 21 are also arranged in the respective frame members 42,
They are arranged in a straight line between 49.

FIG. 5 is an enlarged sectional view taken along the section line VV of FIG. One side of the glass plate 25 is provided with the upper layer upper frame member.
It is supported by a horizontal frame member 51 made of aluminum arranged so as to have an axis perpendicular to each axis of the upper frame member 26 and the lower frame member 42 of the upper layer. The other side portion of the glass plate 25 is the horizontal frame member.
It is supported by a central aluminum frame member 52 arranged in parallel with 51. Below the horizontal frame member 51, the heat insulating material 1
6, 17 are arranged, and the horizontal purlin 53 is arranged through these heat insulating materials 16, 17. The purlin 53 supports the lower layer upper frame member 38 via the heat insulating materials 18 and 19. The central horizontal frame material
A central horizontal purlin 54 is arranged below the 52 through the heat insulating material 17. These horizontal purlins 53, 54 are vertically connected to the purlin 32, that is, on the front side with respect to the paper surface of FIG.

In addition, the lower end portions of the horizontal purlins 53, 54 are the lower layer frame members 49
The lower roof member 10 is configured by including the glass plates 36 and 37 which are connected to each other by and are supported by these. The upper ends of the horizontal frame members 51, 52 are vertically connected to the upper upper frame member 26, and the lower ends of the horizontal frame members 51, 52 are connected to the upper lower frame member 42. Are formed in a frame shape. The upper-layer roof member 9 is configured by including the frame members 26, 42, 51, 52 and the glass plate 25 supported by the frame members. The upper-layer roof member 9 and the lower-layer roof member 10 thus configured are configured to be bilaterally symmetrical in FIG. 5 with respect to the center line l2 of the horizontal frame member 52 and the horizontal purlin 54 at the center. The part to be marked is given a subscript a and its explanation is omitted. The skylight 1 is composed of the upper roof members 9 and 9a and the lower roof members 10 and 10a.

With the skylight 1 having the above configuration, the temperature inside the room 3 is prevented from rising in the summer 3 and the like, and the cool air is prevented from entering the room 3 from the space 11 during the winter. Can be raised. That is, by ventilating the space 11, the temperature difference between the space 11 and the room is made smaller than the temperature difference between the inside and the outside to prevent dew condensation on the surface of the lower roof member 10 facing the room 3. At the same time, it is possible to suppress the temperature rise and fall of the room 3 directly due to the outside air, and to reduce the change of the environmental temperature in the room 3.

FIG. 6 is an enlarged sectional view showing a part of a skylight 1a according to another embodiment of the present invention. The parts corresponding to those in the above-described embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals. A solar cell 60, which is a power source, is fixed to the glass plate 25 with the light receiving surface facing upward, and electric power from the solar cell 60 is provided to the frame member 28 as a cross flow fan 61 as a forced exhaust means. Is energized. The cross flow fan 61 is fixed to the frame member 28 by a fan fixing screw 63. As shown in FIG. 7, the housing 67 of the cross flow fan 61 is provided with a plurality of intake holes 68, and the air sucked from these intake holes 68 as indicated by the arrow 69 is the exhaust gas. Hole
Forced exhaust from 64 as indicated by arrow 70.

8 is a plan view for explaining the structure of the driving means 73, FIG. 9 is a sectional view taken along the section line IX-IX of FIG. 8, and FIG. 10 is a cut of FIG. It is an expanded sectional view seen from surface line XX. The drive means 73 provided in the opening / closing means 31 as a ventilation function has an expansion coil 80 made of a coil-shaped shape memory alloy, and has an end plate 81 fixed to one end side of the expansion coil 80 as an arrow. The drive rod 82 is configured to be expanded and contracted by being displaced in the direction of the symbol D. This drive means 73
Thus, the movable plate 72 is displaced along the longitudinal direction of the support member 71. The support member 71 includes support plates 75 and 76 that face each other with the connection plate 74 interposed therebetween, and the movable plate 72 that is displaceably fitted between the support plates 75 and 76 on the connection plate 74 along the longitudinal direction thereof. Have and. A stopper 77 is fixed to the movable plate 72.

Further, in the support member 71, when the temperature in the space 11 exceeds a predetermined value, the cross flow fan 61 is urged by the electric power from the solar cell 60, and when the temperature is lower than the predetermined temperature, the cross flow fan 71 is pressed. A switch SW1 is provided to deactivate the switch. The predetermined temperature is, for example, 2
It is set to 0 ° C, and when the temperature in the space 11 exceeds this temperature, the opening / closing means 31 opens and closes the switch.
SW1 becomes conductive and lines L1 and L2 become mutually conductive. As a result, the electric power from the solar cell 60 is supplied to the cross flow fan 61, and the high temperature air of 20 ° C. or higher in the space 11 is discharged from the exhaust hole 64 to the outside through the ventilation hole 30. An insect repellent net 65 is attached to the ventilation hole 30.

A plurality of openings 78 are formed in the movable plate 72 at intervals in the longitudinal direction. The opening is formed in the connecting plate 74.
Openings 79 are formed at intervals equal to 78. These openings 7
8, 79 communicate / interrupt with each other by the displacement of the movable plate 72 in the arrow D direction. Such a telescopic coil of the driving means 73
Due to the expansion and contraction displacement of 80 caused by the temperature change, the stopper 77 abuts on the switch SW1 fixed to the support member 71 as shown by the solid line in FIG. 8 or is separated as shown by the phantom line 77a. The switch SW1 can be turned on / off to supply or cut off the electric power from the solar cell 60 to the cross flow fan 61 according to the temperature in the space 11.

In FIG. 11, by connecting the commercial AC power source 83, which is a power source, from the line L3 to the line L1 via the rectifier circuit 84, the commercial AC power source is used instead of the solar cell 60 at night.
The fan motor 61a can be driven using the electric power of 83. In addition, in connection with line L2, switch SW2
By installing a cross flow fan
It is also possible to drive 61 or stop it. With the skylight 1 provided with the cross flow fan 61 which is such a forced exhaust means, the air in the space 11 can be forcibly discharged to the outside to prevent the temperature rise in the room, and the ventilation function is also provided. As a result, the opening / closing means 31 can provide natural ventilation in response to temperature changes. In particular, since the forced exhaust means such as the cross flow fan 61 is provided, the temperature difference between the outside air and the space 11 is further increased, thereby reducing the temperature difference between the space 11 and the room 3, and the lower layer The dew condensation on the surface of the roof member 10 facing the room 3 can be prevented more reliably, and the direct influence of the outside air temperature on the room 3 can be suppressed to reduce undesired temperature changes in the room 3. be able to.

According to the present invention, according to the present invention, ventilation holes 29, 30; 45, 46 are formed in the upper and lower parts of the upper and lower two-layer translucent roof members 9, 10, respectively, and opening / closing means 31, 47 are provided, and each roof is provided. Since the space 11 between the members 9 and 10 can be ventilated, the temperature difference between the room and the space 11 is smaller than the temperature difference between the room and the room when the temperature difference between the room and the room is large, such as in summer or winter. Then, the lower roof member 10
In addition to preventing dew condensation on the surface facing the room, it also prevents the effect of the outside air temperature from directly affecting the room, and suppresses undesired temperature changes in the room due to the outside air with respect to the desired comfortable room temperature. A comfortable environment temperature can be maintained.

Further, according to the present invention, the forced exhaust means 61 is provided above the roof members 9 and 10, so that the air in the space 11 is forcibly discharged to prevent the temperature difference between the indoor and outdoor such as summer or winter. When it is large, the temperature difference between the space 11 and the room can be made smaller than the temperature difference between the room and the room, and an undesired temperature rise in the room due to outside air can be forcibly suppressed.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing a skylight 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
1 is an overall perspective view of the skylight 1 shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view near the upper end 22 of the skylight 1, FIG. 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view near the lower end 41 of the skylight 1, and FIG. Is the section line V- in Fig. 1.
FIG. 6 is an enlarged sectional view of a part of a skylight 1a of another embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 7 is an overall perspective view of a cross flow fan 61, and FIG. Is a plan view for explaining the structure of the driving means 73, and FIG. 9 is a section line of FIG.
IX-IX is an enlarged sectional view as seen from IX-IX, and Fig. 10 is the section line X in Fig. 8.
FIG. 11 is a block diagram showing in simplified form a structure for driving the cross flow fan 61, as seen from a cross section viewed from -X. 1,1a …… Skylight, 2 …… Roof, 3 …… Room, 4 …… Sloped roof, 9 …… Upper roof member, 10 …… Lower roof member, 11 ……
Space, 16-21 ... Insulation, 25, 36, 37 ... Glass plate, 26 ...
… Upper layer upper frame material, 27,28; 43,44 …… Frame member, 29,30; 45,46
...... Ventilation hole, 31 …… Opening / closing means, 33 …… Shading screen, 38 …… Lower upper frame material, 42 …… Upper lower frame material, 49 ……
Lower layer lower frame material, 60 …… solar cell, 61 …… Juan, 83 ……
Commercial AC power supply, SW1, SW2 ... Switch

Claims (2)

[Scope of utility model registration request] 1. A roof 2 of a building is provided with translucent roof members 9 and 10 of two upper and lower slopes, which are spaced apart from each other. Member 9,10
Ventilation holes 29, 30; 45, 46 that connect the space 11 between them and the outside are formed, and the upper ventilation holes 29, 30 and the lower ventilation holes 45, 46 are individually opened and closed at a predetermined temperature. The structure of the sloping roof is characterized in that means 31 and 47 are provided respectively. 2. The structure of a sloping roof according to claim 1, wherein forced evacuation means 61 for starting an evacuation operation at a predetermined temperature is provided above the roof members 9, 10.