JPH081030A - Crushing and volume-reducing machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prevent the scattering of a crushed material out of a dust box and to reduce the soiling of a floor. CONSTITUTION:A guide 74 extending downward and surrounding the lower part of a crushing mechanism 19 is formed between the crushing mechanism 19 and a dust box 14, and a gap between the lower end of the guide 74 and the upper end of the dust box 14 is practically reduced to zero. By such a constitution, the crushed material scattered in any direction is struck against the guide 74 and infallibly dropped into the dust box 14, and the floor is not soiled.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention is used for crushing waste such as empty cans, empty bottles, paper cups, trays and other general waste such as general waste to reduce the volume. A crushing and volume reducing machine.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Waste materials are crushed to reduce their volume before being disposed of or incinerated. As shown in FIGS. 16 and 17, in the conventional crusher, waste is supplied from the hopper 3 to the crushing mechanism 2 installed on the base 1 to crush the crusher, and the inside of the dust box 4 installed below the crushing mechanism 2. It is configured to drop into.

The hopper 3 has a structure in which the upper surface of an inverted trapezoidal hopper body 5 is opened as a charging port, and the charging port is opened and closed by a flat plate-shaped hopper cover 6 attached to one side behind the opening edge by a hinge or the like. .

This crusher is used to crush the waste by raising the hopper cover 6 and opening the charging port to charge the waste, but the charging port of the hopper body 5 and the charging port are closed. When the hopper cover 6 is opened as compared with the height dimension H ₁ to the hopper cover 6 at this time, the dimension H ₂ of the hopper cover 6 is added and the height dimension (total length) H ₃ to the tip thereof becomes considerably large. Therefore, the operability of opening and closing the hopper cover 6 is poor, and a large installation space is required. If the opening size of the input port is increased to facilitate the input of waste, the hopper cover 6 also has to be increased in size, and this tendency becomes more prominent.

However, if the hopper body 5 is shortened in order to hold down the height dimension H ₃ with the hopper cover 6 open, the waste storage capacity of the hopper 3 will decrease. Generally, the waste is charged by putting the waste to be crushed into a plastic bag and charging the plastic bag into the hopper 3 through a charging port. However, when the capacity of the hopper 3 becomes small, the crushing process can be performed once. The amount is limited, the number of crushing operations increases, and the handleability decreases.

Further, a rotating cutter is used as the crushing mechanism, but when waste containing water is mixed as the crushed object, the crushed material adheres to the cutter and is rotated in the tangential direction thereof. There is a risk of scattering and scattering outside the dust box below.

[0007]

As described above, in the conventional crusher, when the crushed object contains a large amount of water or oil, the crushed object scatters out of the dust box and soils the floor surface. was there. Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a clean crushing volume reducing machine in which the crushed material is prevented from being scattered outside the dust box as much as possible.

[0008]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention is directed to a hopper main body having an input port for inputting an object to be crushed, a crushing mechanism disposed below the hopper main body, and a crushing unit located below the crushing mechanism. In a shredding volume reducer equipped with a dust box for storing objects and a control device for controlling the shredding mechanism, a guide extending downwardly surrounding the lower part of the shredding mechanism is provided between the shredding mechanism and the dust box. Characterize.

[0009]

[Function] The crushed material attached to the crushing mechanism scatters in the tangential direction due to the rotation of the cutter, but since the guide surrounds the crushed material, it hits the inner surface of the guide and drops downwards, leaving the dust box. It is housed and does not pollute the floor.

[0010]

Embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings. 1 to 4 show the overall shape of the shredding and volume reducing machine according to the present invention. FIG. 1 is a front view in which a part is vertically cut, FIG. 2 is a side view in which a part is vertically cut, and FIG. 3 is a hopper cover. FIG. 4 is a side view of the opened state, and FIG. 4 is a plan view.

The base 7 assembled by opening the front portion with a square pipe is movably supported by casters 8,
The upper half of both side faces and front and rear faces are side covers 9 and 1 made of steel plates.
0 and a front cover 11 and a rear cover 12. As shown in FIG. 5, the front cover 11 is openably and closably supported by a hinge 13, and opens the front surface of the base 7 when the dust box 14 with casters installed in the base 7 is taken in and out. The magnet catcher 15 attracts and holds the front cover 11 when the front cover 11 is closed, and the safety switch 16 is installed so as to be turned on when the front cover 11 is closed.

An L-shaped steel stay 1 is provided on the uppermost surface of the base 7.
7 and the I-shaped steel stay 18 are integrally fixed, and the crushing mechanism 19 and the controller 20 are installed thereon.

The crushing mechanism 19 is a box-shaped caster cutter base 21 to which a cutter unit 22 is assembled, and is fixed to the L-shaped steel stay 17 and the I-shaped steel stay 18 by a mounting bolt 23.

A guide 74 is attached using a bolt 23 that integrates the cutter base 21 and the stays 17, 18. The guide 74 includes stays 75a, 7 made of steel plate or the like.
5b, 75c, 75d and lips 76a, 76b, 76c, 76d made of a flexible material such as a rubber plate are integrally fixed by screws 77, and surround the lower part of the crushing mechanism as a whole and extend downward.

As shown in FIG. 6, the cutter base 21 includes front, rear, left and right wall plate portions 21a, 21b, 21c, 21d.
And front and rear wall plate portions 21a and 21b are provided with U-shaped recesses 2
1e and 21f are formed, and the U-shaped recesses 21e and 21f are formed.
U-shaped grooves 21g, 21h, 21i, and 21j are formed in the.

The gap G between the lower end of the guide 74 and the upper end of the dust box 14 is set to a size close to zero so that the crushed material does not pass through it.

The dust box 14 is put in and taken out horizontally in the main body, and the lower end of the guide 74 has a flexible lip so that the dust box 14 and the guide do not interfere with each other during the operation. 76a, 76b, 76c,
It is 76d.

As shown in FIG. 7, the cutter unit 22 includes a spindle 25 to which a cutter 24 is attached and a cutter 26.
The driven shaft 27 with the attached bearings 28, 29, 3
It is rotatably supported on the side plates 32 and 33 by 0 and 31,
The main shaft 25 and the driven shaft 27 have gears 34, 3 at their shaft ends.
Connected with 5. The main shaft 25 includes a key 25a for connecting to a drive motor mechanism, a step 25b, and an O-ring groove 2
5c and 25d, keyways 25e and 25f, and male screw portion 2
5g and 25h, the driven shaft 27 is a male screw portion 27.
a, 27b, 27c, O-ring grooves 27d, 27e,
Key grooves 27f and 27g are provided.

The cutter unit 22 is assembled as follows. Holes 32a, 32 provided in the side plates 32, 33
The bearings 28 and 30 and the seals 36 and 37 are press-fitted into the bearing b, and the main shaft 25 is stepped from the outside with the step portion 25b.
Insert until it touches. The driven shaft 27 has a male screw portion 27a.
After the nut 38 is screwed on, the nut 38 is inserted until it abuts the bearing 30. Next, each axis 25, 27
The O-rings 25c and 28d are fitted with O-rings, the collars are fitted around the O-rings, keys 39 and 40 are set, the collars 41 and 42 are inserted, and a predetermined number of cutters 24 and 26 and collars 43 and 44 are inserted. Are inserted alternately. After that, after inserting the collars 45 and 46, the O-ring groove 25
The O-rings are fitted in d and 27e, the seals 47 and 48 and the side plates 33 into which the bearings 28 and 31 are press-fitted are assembled in the holes 33a and 33b, and the nuts 49 and 50 are screwed to the male screw portions 25g and 27b. Tighten the whole. The gears 34, 35 are fixed to the male screw portions 25h, 27c by screwing nuts 53, 54 after the rotation is stopped by the keys 51, 52.

In the cutter unit 22 assembled in this way, side plates 32 and 33 are attached to the recesses 21e and 21f of the cutter base 21 as shown in FIG. 8, and fixed with screws 55 as shown in FIG. It

FIG. 9 is a plan view of a part of the cutter unit 22 mounted on the cutter base 21, and FIG. 10 and FIG.
FIG. 3 is a vertical cross-sectional side view showing an attached state of and the attached state of the cutter unit 22 and the hopper 56 to the cutter base 21.

The gears 34 and 35 exposed outside the front surface of the cutter base 21 are covered with a protective cover 57 attached to the front surface.

As shown in FIGS. 12 to 15, the hopper 56 has an inverted trapezoidal lower portion and a semicircular upper portion when viewed from the side.
When viewed from the front, the lower part has an inverted trapezoidal shape and the upper part has a rectangular shape, and the left and right side body plates 58 and 59 include a front body plate 60 and a rear body plate 61.
L-shaped fittings 63, 64, 65, 66 fixed to the four sides of the lower end edge of the hopper body integrally formed by welding with screws 62a, 62b, 62c, 62d with screws 67a, 67b, 67c, 67d with cutter base 2
It is attached by fixing to the upper end surface of 1. In order to prevent water leakage from this mounting portion, as shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, the lower ends of the front, rear, left, and right torso plates 58 to 61 extend downward from the upper end surface of the cutter base 21 by a dimension A. Together with the cutter base 21 and the side plate 3
The chamfered portions 32a, 33a are formed inside the upper ends of 2, 33.

The front body plate 60 of the hopper 56 is bent inward at the boundary between the trapezoidal portion and the semicircular portion, and the upper surface portion 60a is formed.
The left and right side body plates 5 with the screws 62b and 62d.
Fix inside 8, 59. The rear body plate 61 extends to the top of the semi-circular basin to form a curved top plate portion 61a, and is connected to the inside of the left and right side body plates 58, 59 with the screws 62a, 62c. The input ports are the upper end of the front body plate 60 and the rear body plate 61.
It is a region surrounded by the left and right side body plates 58 and 59 between the front ends of the top plate portions 61a.

The hopper cover 68 has a curved surface 68a which curves along the semicircular portion and covers the inlet, and the curved surface 68a rotates and moves along the curve of the semicircular portion. The shaft support 69 so as to open and close the input port by
It is attached to the left and right side body plates 58 and 59 by a and 69b, and a handle 70 is provided at the front edge portion.

The area surrounded by these plate-like members becomes the waste storage capacity of the hopper 56.

On the right side body plate 59 of the hopper 56, the safety switch 7 which is turned on when the hopper cover 68 is fully closed.
1 and a stopper 72 for receiving the hopper cover 68 at the fully open position. The front edge position of the hopper cover 68 moved to the fully open position is substantially coincident with the front edge of the curved top plate portion 61a.

The drive motor mechanism 73 for driving the main shaft 25 of the cutter unit 22 is attached to the side surface of the cutter base 21 in the crushing mechanism 19, and the controller 20 for controlling the drive motor mechanism 73 is attached on the base 7. .

The controller 20 has a main switch button, a crushing time setting timer, an OFF switch button, a display lamp, etc. on its front panel, and refers to the operation information of the safety switches 16 and 71 to operate the drive motor mechanism 73. Control.

In the crushing volume reducing machine according to the present invention having the above-described structure, the hopper cover 68 is pushed open to open the charging port, and the waste polybag is charged into the hopper 56 through the charging port. The controller 20 controls the safety switch 71 when the front cover 11 is opened and the dust box 14 is pulled out, and when the off signal output from the safety switch 16 and the hopper cover 68 are in the state where the charging port is opened. In response to the OFF signal output from the drive motor mechanism 73, the drive motor mechanism 73 is maintained in the operation stopped (prohibited) state.

When the dust box 14 is installed and the front cover 11 is closed, an ON signal is output from the safety switch 16 and waste is thrown into the hopper cover 68.
When the ON signal is output from the safety switch 71 by moving the safety switch 71 to the closed state, the controller 20
Responds to the ON signal to release the operation stop state of the drive motor mechanism 73, operate the drive motor mechanism 73 according to the time set in the crushing time setting timer to rotate the cutter unit 22, and Crush waste. The crushed waste falls from the crushing mechanism 19 into the dust box 14. When the time set by the crushing time setting timer has elapsed, the operation of the drive motor mechanism 73 is stopped and the crushing process is ended.

During this crushing process, if waste containing a liquid such as water is mixed, when crushed by a cutter,
The crushed material adheres to the cutter, and its rotation causes tangential scattering. In that case, since the guide 74 surrounds the cutter at the lower part of the cutter, the crushed material scattered outward hits the inner surface of the guide 74, falls downward, and is accommodated in the dust box 14.

Therefore, a product having a high commercial value can be provided without soiling the floor surface.

Further, even if the crusher is mistakenly operated with the dust box 14 pulled out from the main body, the safety switch 16 is off and the crusher cannot be operated.
There is no fear of soiling the floor.

[0035]

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY According to the present invention, since the guide prevents the crushed waste from being scattered to the outside, a crushing volume reducer which hardly pollutes the floor surface even when water or the like is mixed into the waste. Can be provided.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view in which a part of a crushing volume reducing machine according to the present invention is longitudinally cut.

FIG. 2 is a side view in which a part of the crushing volume reducing machine according to the present invention shown in FIG. 1 is longitudinally cut.

FIG. 3 is a side view showing a state in which a hopper cover of the shredding volume reducer according to the present invention shown in FIG. 1 is opened.

FIG. 4 is a plan view of the crushing and reducing machine according to the present invention shown in FIG.

FIG. 5 is an enlarged view showing a part of a base portion of the crushing and reducing machine according to the present invention shown in FIG.

FIG. 6 is a plan view of a cutter base installed on the base in the shredding and reducing machine according to the present invention shown in FIG.

FIG. 7 is a plan view in which a part of a cutter unit in the crushing and reducing machine according to the present invention shown in FIG. 1 is partially crossed.

8 is a partially longitudinal side view showing a process of mounting the cutter unit on the cutter base in the crushing and reducing machine according to the present invention shown in FIG. 1. FIG.

9 is a plan view of a part of the crushing mechanism installed on the base in the crushing volume reducing machine according to the present invention shown in FIG. 1. FIG.

FIG. 10 is an enlarged view in which a part of the crushing mechanism installed on the base in the crushing and reducing machine according to the present invention shown in FIG. 1 is longitudinally cut.

FIG. 11 is an enlarged view in which a part of the crushing mechanism installed on the base in the crushing volume reducing machine according to the present invention shown in FIG. 1 is longitudinally cut.

FIG. 12 is an enlarged front view of a hopper portion of the crushing and reducing machine according to the present invention shown in FIG.

FIG. 13 is an enlarged side view of a hopper portion of the shredding and volume reducing machine according to the present invention shown in FIG.

14 is a side view in which the hopper portion shown in FIG. 13 is cut vertically.

FIG. 15 is an enlarged side view of a hopper cover portion of the hopper shown in FIG.

FIG. 16 is a side view showing a state in which a hopper cover of a conventional crusher is closed.

17 is a side view showing a state in which a hopper cover of the conventional crusher shown in FIG. 16 is opened.

[Explanation of symbols]

7 ... Base, 14 ... Dust box, 19 ... Crushing mechanism,
20 ... Controller, 56 ... Hopper, 68 ... Hopper cover, 69a, 69b ... Shaft support part, 71 ... Safety switch, 74 ... Guide.

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor, Akira Akutsu 1-1-1, Higashitaga-cho, Hitachi-shi, Ibaraki Hitate Taga Engineering Co., Ltd.

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A hopper main body having a charging port for charging an object to be crushed, a crushing mechanism disposed below the hopper main body for crushing the object to be crushed, and a crusher disposed below the crushing mechanism to crush the object to be crushed. In a shredding volume reducer equipped with a dust box to be housed and a control device for controlling the shredding mechanism, a guide extending downwardly surrounding the lower part of the shredding mechanism is provided between the shredding mechanism and the dust box. Shredding and volume reduction machine. 2. The shredding volume reducer according to claim 1, wherein the lower portion of the guide is made of a flexible material, and the gap between the dust box and the dust box is substantially zero in the vertical direction. 3. The dust box according to claim 1, wherein the dust box is housed so that it can be pulled out to the outside, and a switch that operates when the dust box is set to a normal position is provided, and the switch controls the crushing mechanism. Characterizing crushing volume reduction machine.