JP3273529B2 - Crusher and volume reducer - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention is used for crushing and reducing the volume of waste such as empty cans, empty bottles, paper cups, trays, and other general wastes as crushed materials. Crushing and volume reducing machine.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Waste treatment is performed such that waste is crushed to reduce its volume and then landfilled or incinerated. As shown in FIGS. 16 and 17, a conventional crusher supplies waste from a hopper 3 to a crushing mechanism 2 installed on a base 1 and crushes the crushed material. It is a configuration to be dropped.

The hopper 3 is opened with the upper surface of the inverted trapezoidal hopper main body 5 as an input port, and the input port is opened and closed by a flat hopper cover 6 attached to one side behind the opening edge with a hinge or the like. .

[0004] This crusher is used to crush the waste by raising the hopper cover 6 and opening the input port to throw in the waste, but the input port of the hopper body 5 and the input port are closed. When the hopper cover 6 is opened as compared with the height dimension H ₁ to the hopper cover 6 at that time, the dimension H ₂ of the hopper cover 6 is added, and the height dimension (total length) H ₃ to the tip becomes considerably large. For this reason, the operability of opening and closing the hopper cover 6 is poor, and a large installation space is required. If the size of the opening of the charging port is increased in order to facilitate the input of wastes, the hopper cover 6 also needs to be enlarged, so this tendency becomes more remarkable.

However, if the hopper body 5 is shortened in order to keep the height dimension H ₃ with the hopper cover 6 open, the waste storage capacity of the hopper 3 decreases. In general, waste is charged by putting waste to be crushed into a plastic bag and throwing the plastic bag into the hopper 3 from the inlet, but when the capacity of the hopper 3 is reduced, crushing can be performed at one time. The amount is limited, the number of crushing operations increases, and the handleability decreases.

Further, the appearance of the hopper cover 6 with the hopper cover 6 opened is also lacking in designability, and is not a preferable shape.

[0007]

As described above, in the conventional crusher, the positional change in the height direction of the hopper cover due to opening and closing is large, and the capacity of the hopper is increased to increase the waste crushing capacity. Then, there is a problem that the operability of the hopper cover is reduced.

Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to increase the capacity of the hopper without increasing the operability of opening and closing the hopper cover and to improve the waste crushing capacity.

[0009]

According to the present invention, there is provided a hopper body having a charging port for charging a material to be crushed, a hopper cover for opening and closing the charging port, and a crushed material charged in the hopper body. A crushing mechanism for crushing, and a crushing and reducing machine equipped with a control device for controlling the crushing mechanism, wherein an upper portion of the hopper body is formed in a semi-cylindrical shape in which a top plate is curved in the front-rear direction and the front of the top plate is the along curved the inlet formed, the said hopper cover to form a curved surface for opening and closing the inlet to move along the top plate in the bending direction of the top plate, also in the control device Is a hopper hippo
When the input port is opened in response to the
A safety switch for stopping the operation of the crushing mechanism is provided .

[0010]

Since the hopper cover moves along the curved surface of the upper portion of the hopper body to open and close the charging port, the position (height) of the hopper cover does not greatly vary depending on the open / closed state. The capacity of the hopper can be increased without lowering the operability of opening and closing the cover. The input port opens in response to the movement of the hopper cover.
When released, the safety switch is activated and the crushing mechanism
Operation stops.

[0011]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. 1 to 4 show the entire shape of a crushing and volume reducing machine according to the present invention. FIG. 1 is a front view in which a part is cut, FIG. 2 is a side view in which part is cut, and FIG. FIG. 4 is a side view of the opened state, and FIG.

A base 7 assembled by opening a front part with a square pipe is movably supported by casters 8,
The upper sides of both sides and the front and rear sides are steel side covers 9,1.
0 and the front cover 11 and the rear cover 12. As shown in FIG. 5, the front cover 11 is supported by a hinge 13 so as to be openable and closable, and opens the front surface of the base 7 when a dust box 14 with a caster installed inside the base 7 is taken in and out. The magnet catcher 15 attracts and holds the front cover 11 when the front cover 11 is closed, and the safety switch 16 is installed so as to be turned on when the front cover 11 is closed.

An L-shaped steel stay 1 is provided on the uppermost surface of the base 7.
7 and an I-shaped steel stay 18 are integrally fixed, and a crushing mechanism 19 and a controller 20 are installed thereon.

The crushing mechanism 19 is constructed by assembling a cutter unit 22 on a box-shaped caster cutter base 21, and the L-shaped steel stays 17 and I are fixed by mounting bolts 23.
It is fixed to the character steel stay 18. The cutter base 21 is
As shown in FIG. 6, the front, rear, left and right wall plate portions 21a, 21b,
21c, 21d, U-shaped recesses 21e, 21f are formed in the front and rear wall plate portions 21a, 21b, and U-shaped grooves 21g, 21h, 21i,
21j are formed.

As shown in FIG. 7, the cutter unit 22 includes a main shaft 25 on which a cutter 24 is mounted and a cutter 26.
The driven shaft 27 with the bearings 28, 29, 3
0 and 31 rotatably support the side plates 32 and 33,
The main shaft 25 and the driven shaft 27 are provided with gears 34, 3 at their shaft ends.
5 is connected. The main shaft 25 includes a key 25a for coupling to a drive motor mechanism, a step 25b, and an O-ring groove 2.
5c, 25d, key grooves 25e, 25f, and male screw 2
5g, 25h, and the driven shaft 27
a, 27b, 27c, O-ring grooves 27d, 27e,
Key grooves 27f and 27g are provided.

The assembly of the cutter unit 22 is performed as follows. Holes 32a, 32 provided in side plates 32, 33
b, the bearings 28 and 30 and the seals 36 and 37 are press-fitted, and the main shaft 25 is stepped from the outside into the bearing 28b.
Insert until it touches. The driven shaft 27 has a male screw portion 27a.
After the nut 38 is screwed into the bearing 30, the nut 38 is inserted until the nut 38 contacts the bearing 30. Next, each shaft 25, 27
The O-rings are fitted into the O-ring grooves 25c and 27d, the collars are fitted around the O-rings, the keys 39 and 40 are set, and after inserting the collars 41 and 42, a predetermined number of cutters 24 and 26 and the collars 43 and 44 are inserted. Are inserted alternately. Then, after inserting the collars 45 and 46, the O-ring groove 25 is formed.
O-rings are fitted in d and 27e, seals 47 and 48 and side plates 33 into which the bearings 29 and 31 are press-fitted are assembled in the holes 33a and 33b, and nuts 49 and 50 are screwed into the male screw portions 25g and 27b. Tighten the whole. After the gears 34, 35 are locked by the keys 51, 52, nuts 53, 54 are screwed to the male screw portions 25h, 27c and fixed.

As shown in FIG. 8, the cutter unit 22 assembled in this manner has side plates 32 and 33 mounted in the recesses 21e and 21f of the cutter base 21, and is fixed with screws 55 as shown in FIG. You.

FIG. 9 is a plan view of a part of the cutter unit 22 mounted on the cutter base 21 and FIG. 10 and FIG.
FIG. 4 is a vertical sectional side view showing a state of attachment and a state of attachment of the cutter unit 22 and the hopper 56 to the cutter base 21.

The gears 34, 35 exposed outside the front surface of the cutter base 21 are covered with a protective cover 57 attached to the front surface.

As shown in FIGS. 12 to 15, the hopper 56 has an inverted trapezoidal lower part and a semicircular upper part when viewed from the side.
When viewed from the front, the lower part has an inverted trapezoidal shape and the upper part has a rectangular shape.
L-shaped mounting brackets 63, 64, 65, 66 fixed to four sides of the lower edge of a hopper body integrally formed by welding with screws 62a, 62b, 62c, 62d with screws 67a, 67b, 67c, 67d cutter base 2
1 is fixed to the upper end surface. As shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, the lower ends of the front, rear, left, and right body plates 58 to 61 extend downward by A dimension from the upper end surface of the cutter base 21 in order to prevent water leakage from the mounting portion. Together with the cutter base 21 and the side plate 3
The chamfered portions 32a and 33a are formed inside the upper ends of the two and 33.

The front body plate 60 of the hopper 56 is bent inward at the boundary between the trapezoidal portion and the semicircular portion to form an upper surface portion 60a.
The left and right side body plates 5 are formed with the screws 62b and 62d.
Fix inside 8,59. The rear body plate 61 extends to the top of the semicircular basin to form a curved top plate portion 61a, and is connected to the inside of the left and right side body plates 58, 59 with the screws 62a, 62c. The input port is provided between the upper end of the front body plate 60 and the rear body plate 61.
Is a region surrounded by left and right side body plates 58 and 59 between the front ends of the top plate portion 61a.

The hopper cover 68 has a curved surface 68a that curves along the semicircular portion and covers the input port, and the curved surface 68a rotates and moves along the curvature of the semicircular portion. The shaft support 69 is opened and closed by the
a, 69b are attached to the left and right side body plates 58, 59, and a handle 70 is provided at a front edge portion.

The area surrounded by these plate-like members becomes the waste storage capacity of the hopper 56.

A safety switch 7 that is turned on when the hopper cover 68 is fully closed is provided on the right body plate 59 of the hopper 56.
1 and a stopper 72 for receiving the hopper cover 68 at the fully open position. The front edge position of the hopper cover 68 moved to the fully open position substantially coincides with the front edge of the curved top plate portion 61a.

A drive motor mechanism 73 for driving the main shaft 25 of the cutter unit 22 is mounted on a side surface of the cutter base 21 in the crushing mechanism 19, and a controller 20 for controlling the drive motor mechanism 73 is mounted on the base 7. .

The controller 20 has a main switch button, a crushing time setting timer, an OFF switch button, a display lamp and the like on its front panel, and controls the operation of the drive motor mechanism 73 with reference to the operation information of the safety switches 16 and 71. Control.

In the crushing and volume reducing machine according to the present invention thus constructed, the hopper cover 68 is pushed open to open the charging port, and the plastic bag containing the waste is charged into the hopper 56 from the charging port. The controller 20 controls the OFF signal output from the safety switch 16 when the front cover 11 is opened and the dust box 14 is pulled out, and the safety switch 71 when the hopper cover 68 is open. The drive motor mechanism 73 is maintained in the operation stopped (prohibited) state in response to the OFF signal output from the controller.

When the dust box 14 is installed and the front cover 11 is closed, an ON signal is output from the safety switch 16 and waste is thrown in to the hopper cover 68.
When the safety switch 71 outputs an ON signal by moving the input port to the closed state, the controller 20
Releases the operation stop state of the drive motor mechanism 73 in response to the ON signal, operates the drive motor mechanism 73 according to the time set in the crushing time setting timer, rotates the cutter unit 22, Crush the waste. The crushed waste falls from the crushing mechanism 19 into the dust box 14. When the time set in the crushing time setting timer elapses, the operation of the drive motor mechanism 73 is stopped, and the crushing process ends.

In such a crushing and volume reducing machine, the amount of increase in the height of the front edge of the hopper cover 68 when the hopper cover 68 is pushed up to the position where the charging port is fully opened is increased by the depth of the hopper 56. 1/2 of the dimension H ₄ a (rotation radius), overall length H ₅ also show the level difference H ₆ from inlet to height H ₁ to input port to the rotation center hopper cover 68 times it is the dimension obtained by adding the dynamic radius H _4. Therefore, an increase smaller than the depth (entire length of the hopper cover) Dimensions of H ₂ hopper as in conventional crusher,
Further, lower than the overall length dimension H ₃ plus overall length of H ₂ hopper cover height H ₁ to inlet, reduced opening and closing operation of the hopper cover 56 by increasing the accommodation capacity of the hopper 56 And the handling is improved.

Further, the shaft supports 69a and 69b to which the hopper cover 56 is rotatably mounted have a simple structure as compared with hinges or the like, so that the cost and the service life can be reduced and the design of the external shape is improved. Can be improved.

[0031]

According to the present invention, since the hopper cover is moved along the curved surface of the upper portion of the hopper body to open and close the inlet, the position (height) of the hopper cover varies greatly depending on the open / closed state. Therefore, the capacity of the hopper can be increased and the waste crushing capacity can be improved without lowering the operability of opening and closing the hopper cover. Also, a safety switch is provided on the control unit.
The opening is opened in response to the movement of the hopper cover
When the safety switch is activated, the crusher
Stop the operation of the structure. This allows safe use
become.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view in which a part of a crushing and volume reducing machine according to the present invention is longitudinally cut.

FIG. 2 is a side view of a part of the crushing and volume reducing machine according to the present invention shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a side view showing a state in which a hopper cover of the crushing and volume reducing machine according to the present invention shown in FIG. 1 is opened.

FIG. 4 is a plan view of the crushing and volume reducing machine according to the present invention shown in FIG.

FIG. 5 is an enlarged view showing a part of a base portion in the crushing and volume reducing machine according to the present invention shown in FIG.

FIG. 6 is a plan view of a cutter base installed on the base in the crushing and volume reducing machine according to the present invention shown in FIG.

FIG. 7 is a plan view crossing a part of a cutter unit in the crushing and volume reducing machine according to the present invention shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 8 is a partially longitudinal side view showing a process of attaching a cutter unit to a cutter base in the crushing and volume reducing machine according to the present invention shown in FIG. 1;

9 is a plan view traversing a part of a crushing mechanism installed on a base in the crushing and volume reducing machine according to the present invention shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 10 is an enlarged view of a part of a crushing mechanism installed on a base in the crushing and volume reducing machine according to the present invention shown in FIG.

11 is an enlarged view in which a part of a crushing mechanism installed on a base in the crushing and volume reducing machine according to the present invention shown in FIG. 1 is longitudinally cut.

FIG. 12 is an enlarged front view of a hopper in the crushing and volume reducing machine according to the present invention shown in FIG. 1;

13 is an enlarged side view of a hopper portion in the crushing and volume reducing machine according to the present invention shown in FIG.

FIG. 14 is a side view in which the upper part shown in FIG. 13 is longitudinally cut.

15 is an enlarged side view of a hopper cover in the hopper shown in FIG.

FIG. 16 is a side view showing a state in which a hopper cover of a conventional crusher is closed.

FIG. 17 is a side view showing a state where a hopper cover of the conventional crusher shown in FIG. 16 is opened.

[Explanation of symbols]

 7 Base 14 Dust box 19 Crushing mechanism 20 Controller 56 Hopper 68 Hopper cover 69a, 69b Shaft support 71 Safety switch

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Kenichi Inada 1-1-1 Higashitaga-cho, Hitachi City, Ibaraki Prefecture Within the Living Equipment Division, Hitachi, Ltd. (72) Inventor Akira Akutsu 1-chome, Higashitaga-cho, Hitachi City, Ibaraki Prefecture No. 1-1 Hitachi Taga Engineering Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Morio Ozawa 1-280 Higashi Koigakubo, Kokubunji-shi, Tokyo Hitachi, Ltd. Design Research Laboratory (56) References JP-A-7-330105 (JP, A) ( 58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) B65F 1/10

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] A hopper body having an input port for charging the object to be crushed; a hopper cover for covering the input port so as to be openable and closable; a crushing mechanism for crushing the object to be crushed input to the hopper body; In a crushing and volume reducing machine equipped with a control device for controlling a mechanism, the upper part of the hopper main body is formed in a semi-cylindrical shape in which a top plate is curved in the front-back direction, and the input port along the curve is provided in front of the top plate. formed, charged above the hopper cover to form a curved surface for opening and closing the inlet to move along the top plate in the bending direction of the top plate, the said control unit in response to movement of the hopper cover
Stop operation of the crushing mechanism when the mouth is opened
A crushing and volume reducing machine characterized by having a safety switch . 2. A crushing and volume reducing machine according to claim 1, wherein said charging port is formed in a front half portion of a curved portion at an upper portion of a hopper body. 3. The crushing and reducing machine according to claim 1, wherein the hopper cover rotates so as to move on the curved surface along a curve of an upper portion of the hopper body.