JPH0789800B2 - Plant cultivation method and plant cultivation device - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a plant cultivation method and a plant cultivation apparatus capable of realizing the method.

<Prior Art> When cultivating a plant, the temperature of the soil of the plant also rises when the temperature of the atmosphere rises in summer or the like. This rise in soil temperature inevitably raises the root temperature of the plant, resulting in a decline in growth in some plants, and in some other plants, for example, during plant growth and seedling growth or Root activation slows.

In order to prevent such a situation, it is said that it is preferable to keep the temperature of the soil in the range of about 10 to 20 ° C even if the temperature of the atmosphere becomes high.

In order to deal with such a problem, various measures have been conventionally taken.

A conventional technique will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 6 (a) is an explanatory diagram of an example of a conventional plant cultivation method. In the figure, a plant 2 having roots 3 is cultivated in a soil 4 in a house 1 in which a vinyl sheet or the like is used for a ceiling or a surrounding wall.
Planted in. In order to lower the temperature of the soil 4 when the temperature of the atmosphere is high in summer etc., the cool air 6 is sent into the house 1 from the indoor unit 5 of the cooling equipment, and the temperature in the house 1,
As a result, the temperature of the soil 3 is lowered. After cooling the soil 4 and the like, the cold air 3 is discharged outside through a window or the like (not shown) of the house 1, or is sucked into the indoor unit 5 and recirculated.

Also, a second example when the temperature of the atmosphere is high is shown in FIG. 6 (b).
Shown in. In the figure, in a house 1, a plant 2 having roots 3 is placed in a box-shaped container 7 for plant cultivation, and a soil 3
Planted in. A large number of openings (not shown) are provided on the side surface and the bottom surface of the container 7. In order to lower the temperature of the soil 3 in the summer etc., the container 7 is placed on the top surface of the container supporting rack 8 and the pipe 9 provided in the rack 8 is installed.
The cold air 6 is blown upward from. Since the side surface of the rack 8 is closed and a large number of openings are provided on the upper surface, the cold air 6 blown above the rack 8 through this opening passes through the bottom surface and side openings of the container 7 and the soil 3 Can be cooled. After cooling the soil 3, the cold air 6 is released into the house 1 and then out through a window or the like (not shown) of the house 1, or is sucked into a cooling facility (not shown) and recirculated.

As a third example of summer, etc., instead of generating the cold air 6 in FIG. 6 (a), a pipe (not shown) is embedded in the soil 4 (or below the soil 4), and cold water is introduced into this pipe. Means for lowering the temperature of the soil 4 by circulating it can be mentioned.

<Problems to be Solved by the Invention> As shown in the above example, in the first and second examples of the conventional plant cultivation means when the temperature of the atmosphere is high, the cold wind 6 that has cooled the soil 4 is the house 1 Is discharged to the outside or is led to the cooling equipment for recycling.

When the cold air 6 is discharged to the outside of the house 1, the entire amount of the supplied cold air 6 is produced by cooling the high temperature atmosphere outside the house 1 by the cooling equipment. Further, even when the cold air 6 is recirculated, all the air in the house 1 is circulated. Therefore, in any case, as a result of requiring a cooling facility with a large cooling capacity, the facility cost becomes high,
In addition, the operating cost of the cooling equipment is inevitably high.

In the third example where the temperature of the atmosphere is high, dew condensation occurs on the surface of the pipe embedded in the soil 4, so that there is a difficulty in controlling the water content in the soil 4, and when the soil 4 is dug back, the pipe is There is a problem that it may be damaged and that it takes time to lay the pipe itself.

The present invention has been devised in view of the above circumstances, in the summer when the temperature of the atmosphere is high, etc., with a small cooling capacity, therefore, the temperature of the soil of the plant is desired in the cooling equipment with low equipment cost and operating cost. It is an object of the present invention to provide a plant cultivation method and a plant cultivation device capable of maintaining a low temperature.

<Means for Solving the Problems> In order to solve the above problems, the plant cultivation method of the present invention,
A method for cultivating plants, which has a plurality of openings on the lower surface and sends cold air to a container containing cultivating soil for cultivating plants inside, when the temperature of the cultivating soil is high in summer etc., an air cooler and a blower are provided. A cold air supply pipe is installed in a groove connected to a cold air discharge port of a cold air generator that generates cold air, and a groove lid and the container are arranged so as to cover this groove, and a cold air outlet of the cold air supply pipe is provided. Cool air is blown into the groove from the container, a part of the blown cold air is permeated into the soil through the opening of the container to lower the temperature of the soil, and the residual cold air is guided through the groove to the cold air inlet of the cold air generator. It is characterized by that. Also,
The plant cultivating apparatus of the present invention is a cool air generator including an air cooler and a blower that sends air cooled by the air cooler as cold air, and a cool air discharge port provided in this device,
A cold air supply pipe that has a cold air outlet and is connected to the cold air discharge port, a groove in which this pipe is provided, a groove lid that covers a part of this groove, and a cover of the other part of this groove. A container provided with a plurality of openings on the lower surface and accommodating cultivating soil for plant cultivation inside, and provided with a cold air inlet provided in the cold air generating device and communicating with the groove, the cold air supply pipe It is characterized in that the remaining cold air that has been blown out from the cold air outlet and has not permeated into the culture soil is returned to the cold air inlet.

<Action> In the plant cultivation method and device of the present invention, when the temperature of the atmosphere is high in summer or the like, the cold air generated by the cold air generator is sent out from the cold air outlet of the cold air generator into the cold air supply pipe to supply the cold air. It is blown into the groove from the cold air jet outlet of the pipe.

A part of the cold air blown into the groove permeates the cultivating soil through the opening of the container to cool the cultivating soil, and then is discharged to the periphery of the plant. The remaining cold air is guided to the cold air suction port of the cold air generator through the groove.

<Example> An example of a plant cultivation apparatus capable of realizing the plant cultivation method of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

1 to 5 are drawings for explaining this embodiment, FIG. 1 is a sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. 2, and FIG. 2 is a plan view (however, a container for plant cultivation is shown. Etc.).
3, 4, and 5 are a sectional view taken along the line BB, a sectional view taken along the line CC, and a sectional view taken along the line DD of FIG. 2, respectively. It should be noted that in FIG. 2, an arrow without reference numeral indicates the air sent from the cold air generator or the direction in which the air flows.

The plant cultivating apparatus of the present embodiment is provided in a house 1 having a ceiling and a wall made of a vinyl sheet or the like, and supplies a container for cultivating a plant and cold air to the container or air in the house 1. And means.

However, as will be described later, the method and apparatus of the present invention include not only the case with a house but also the case without a house.

That is, the present apparatus, as shown in FIG.
(Indoor unit of the cooling device), a main duct (main line cold air supply pipe) 20 connected to the cold air generating device 10 and provided in the main groove 40,
A plurality (16 in the present embodiment) of branch line ducts (branch line cool air supply pipes) 30 which are connected to the main line duct 20 so as to be orthogonal to the main line duct 20 and are provided in the branch line grooves 50 are provided.

The cold air generator 10 includes an air cooler 14 and the air cooler 14
A blower 15 for sending out the air cooled by the air as cold air, a cold air outlet 11, a cold air inlet 12 which is an opening to the main groove 40 and serves as an inlet to the cold air generator 10 of the air in the main groove 40, and a house An air intake 13 is provided which is opened in the inside of the house 1 and serves as an inlet to the cold air generator 10 for the air in the house 1.

The metal main duct 20 has a substantially rectangular cross section formed on the ground surface as shown in FIG.
Block 41 on both sides with appropriate shape)
It is installed on the platform 22 in the trunk groove 40 composed of. However, the main duct 20 may be made of plastic or the like. The main duct 20 is connected to the cold air outlet 11 of the cold air generating device 10. Since the main groove 40 is covered with the lid 42, the air in the main groove 40 hardly flows into the house 1.

Each branch line duct 30 is installed in each branch line groove 50 formed by branching from the main line groove 40. The branch groove 50 is the first
As shown in the figure, blocks 52 are formed on both sides of the groove branched from the main groove 40, and a block 51 is installed at the center of the groove to form a pair on both sides of the block 51. ing. A passage 60 is provided between the pair of branch line grooves 50, 50 and the pair of adjacent branch line grooves 50, 50.

The branch duct 30 uses a vinyl tube in this embodiment. In order to reduce the cost of this device, this vinyl tube is thin and therefore is a flexible tube that expands when air is introduced into the inside, but sticks to such a tube. However, it may be a normal pipe made of plastic or the like, or a duct made of an appropriate material.

An appropriate number of cold air blowout ports 31 for sending cold air into the branch line duct 30 are provided substantially above the branch line duct 30 over the entire length of the branch line duct 30. Then, one end of the branch line duct 30 is externally inserted into the pipe 21 attached to the side surface of the main line duct 20 and fixed to the pipe 21 with a string 52, and the other end is closed.

A container 7 in which plants 100 are planted on the branch groove 50.
0 is placed. The container 70 is a box-shaped container having an open top surface, a large number of openings 71 are provided on the side surface and the bottom surface, and a soil 72 for the plant 100 is placed inside. In the present embodiment, since hydroponics is also targeted, the soil 72 is not limited to soil, but includes rock wool or the like.

The container 70 is placed on the blocks 51 and 52 of the branch line groove 50, and is arranged so that the bottom line of the container 70 covers the branch line groove 50. Therefore, the width of the branch groove 50 is set shorter than the width of the container 70. An irrigation supply pipe 80 is guided in the groove 53 provided on the top surface of the block 51, and a plurality of irrigation tubes 81 are branched from the irrigation supply pipe 80. The tip of the irrigation tube 81 is guided to the surface of the soil 72.

As shown in FIG. 1, a sheet 73 made of vinyl or the like is attached to the surface of the passage 60 and the side surface of the container 70 on the side of the passage 60 to block ventilation. For example, a silver-white sheet 74 that blocks solar heat is provided. On the surface of the cultivating soil 72, a porous and air-permeable thin film, for example, a trade name “Sprouting Sheet” is placed. Also,
The inner surface of the container 70, which is not covered by the soil 72,
A tape 76 for closing the opening 71 is attached.

In addition, as shown in FIG.
An irrigation tank 83 covered with a heat shield sheet or the like is installed in the irrigation tank chamber 84 adjacent to the end on the opposite side. The end portion 25 of the main duct 20 is guided to the inside of the irrigation tank chamber 84, and as shown in FIG. 2 and FIG.
A cold air jet 26 is opened at the tip of 25.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described.

When the atmospheric temperature is high in summer or the like, the cold air generator 10 is operated with the air intake 13 of the cold air generator 10 slightly opened. The air cooled by the air cooler 14 becomes cold air and is blown out from the cold air outlet 11 into the main line duct 20 by the blower 15. The cold air sent out reaches the branch line duct 30 via the main line duct 20, and is blown into the branch line groove 50 from the cold air blowout port 31 of the branch line duct 30.

A part of the cold air blown into the branch groove 50 permeates into the cultivating soil 72 through the opening 71 on the bottom surface of the container 70 to cool the cultivating soil 72 to lower the temperature of the cultivating soil 72, and further from the surface of the cultivating soil 72 to the house. It flows into 1. The remaining portion of the cool air blown into the branch groove 50 passes through the branch groove 50 and the trunk groove 40, and receives heat from the blocks 51 and 52 of the branch groove 50, the block 41 of the trunk groove 40, the lid 42, etc. When the temperature rises, the cold air generating device 10 enters the cold air generating device 10 through the cold air intake port 12 of the cold air generating device 10,
It is cooled in 10 and is sent again from the cold air outlet 11 into the main duct 20.

The cold air blown out from the cold air outlet 26 of the terminal portion 25 of the main line duct 20 into the irrigation tank chamber 84 cools the irrigation tank 83 and then passes around the terminal portion 25 and passes through the trunk groove 40 to generate the cool air generator 10. Is introduced to the cold air intake port 12. The cold water, which has a low temperature in the irrigation tank 83 and contains fertilizer, is sprayed on the surface of the soil 72 through the irrigation supply pipe 80 and the irrigation tube 81.

As described above, the cover 42 is provided in the main groove 40 and the branch groove 50 is covered with the container 70, so that the cool air discharged into the house 1 is stored in the container 70. Only the cold air flowing out from the surface of the cultivation soil 72.

As described above, in the present embodiment, when the temperature of the atmosphere is high, most of the cool air blown into the branch groove 50 is recirculated, and the amount of air to be cooled is determined by the main groove 40 and the branch groove. Since it is almost equal to the volume of 50, compared with the conventional case where the whole amount of the supply cold air is obtained by cooling the outside air, or the case where the whole air in the house 1 is recirculated,
The capacity of the cooling equipment including the cold air generator 10 can be reduced, and the growth of plants can be improved.

Further, the cold water from the cold air generator 10 causes the irrigation tank 83
Since the cold water obtained by cooling the water is irrigated, it is not necessary to separately install a cooling facility for cooling the irrigation tank 83.

Although the case where the container 70 is provided in the house 1 has been described in the present embodiment, the plant cultivation method and device of the present embodiment are not limited to the container 70 being in the house 1 in the summer and the like. Even in the open-air without the house 1,
Alternatively, it is needless to say that the present invention can be applied to a case where there is no surrounding wall and only a shade is provided above the container 70. In addition, even in the winter, it is not necessary to be particular about having the house 1, that is, when the temperature around the plant becomes sufficiently higher than the temperature of the cultivation soil 72 due to the good weather during the day, this device is effectively used. it can.

Although the irrigation tank 83 is cooled by cold air to lower the irrigation water temperature in this embodiment, the irrigation tank may be cooled by another method or may not be cooled at all.

When the temperature of the atmosphere is high, although not provided in this embodiment, a sheet made of vinyl or the like is laid so as to cover the whole or a part of the container 70, and the cold air flowing out from the soil 72 to the periphery of the plant is cooled. Soil will be cultivated when the diffusion of
The temperature of 72 is kept low, and the temperature of the air around the plant is also lowered, which helps to improve the growth of plants with low plant height, such as seedlings and strawberries.

<Effect of the invention> As described above, the plant cultivation method and device of the present invention, when the temperature of the atmosphere is high, cool air in a container that has a plurality of openings in the lower surface and contains the cultivation soil for plant cultivation inside. When sending, the cold air supply pipe connected to the cold air discharge port of the cold air generator is installed in the groove, the lid and the container are arranged so as to cover this groove, and then the cold air jet port of the cold air supply pipe Cold air is blown into the groove, part of the blown cold air is permeated into the soil through the opening of the container to cool the soil, and the remaining cold air is guided through the groove to the cold air inlet of the cold air generator.

Therefore, by adopting the plant cultivation method or the plant cultivation device of the present invention, it is possible to reduce the cooling capacity of the cooling equipment including the cold air generator, so that when the temperature of the atmosphere is high, the cost of the cooling equipment and While enjoying the low operating cost of the cooling equipment, it is possible to favorably grow and cultivate the plant while maintaining the temperature of the cultivating soil at a desired low temperature.

[Brief description of drawings]

1 to 5 are drawings for explaining one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1 is a sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG.
The figure is a plan view (excluding containers for plant cultivation, etc.). 3, 4 and 5 are respectively shown in FIG.
FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB, a cross-sectional view taken along the line CC, and a cross-sectional view taken along the line DD. 6 (a) and 6 (b) are explanatory views of an example and another example of a conventional plant cultivation method, respectively. 10 …… Cold air generator, 11 …… Cold air outlet, 12 …… Cold air inlet, 13 …… Air inlet, 14 …… Air cooler, 15 …… Blower, 20 …… Main duct, 30 …… Branch Ducts, 40 ... Trunk lines, 50 ... Branch lines, 51 ... Cold air jets, 70 ... Containers, 71 ... Openings, 72 ... Paddy soil, 100 ... Plants.

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A method for cultivating plants, in which cool air is sent to a container having a plurality of openings on the lower surface and containing cultivating soil for cultivating plants inside, which is provided with an air cooler when the temperature of the cultivating soil is high in summer or the like. A cold air supply pipe is installed in a groove connected to the cold air outlet of a cold air generator that generates cold air with a blower, and a lid for the groove and the container are arranged so as to cover this groove to supply cold air. The cold air is ejected from the cold air outlet of the pipe into the groove, a part of the ejected cold air is permeated into the soil through the opening of the container to lower the temperature of the soil, and the residual cold air is passed through the groove to the cold air generator. A method for cultivating a plant, characterized by leading to a cold air intake. 2. A cool air generator having an air cooler and a blower for sending the air cooled by the air cooler as cold air, a cool air discharge port provided in the device, and a cool air jet port. A cold air supply pipe connected to the cold air discharge port, a groove in which this pipe is provided, a groove lid that covers a part of this groove, and a lower surface that is arranged so as to cover the other part of this groove A container having a plurality of openings in which the cultivation soil for plant cultivation is stored, and a cold air inlet provided in the cold air generating device and communicating with the groove are provided, and ejected from the cold air outlet of the cold air supply pipe. A plant cultivating apparatus, characterized in that residual cold air that has not penetrated into the soil is returned to the cold air inlet.