JPH0788654A - Method and device for cutting groove by plasma - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enable both sides of a grooved face to be finished into one end of a product by utilizing the cutting characteristic of a swirling stream of a plasma gas, in which a section is obtained at a desired angle inclined against the surface of a material to be cut, and cutting by one grooving both sectional sides of a groove at a prescribed inclined angle against the surface of the material to be cut. CONSTITUTION:The device is provided with a torch 1 and torch 2, by which a plasma gas 1a, 2a are each injected while being swirled clockwise against the thickness direction of a material to be cut, and a torch 3 and torch 4, by which a plasma gas 3a, 4a are each injected while being swirled counterclockwise against the thickness direction of a material to be cut. The device is also provided with a loading member 9, by which the torches 1, 2 are arranged on the right side and the torches 3, 4 on the left side respectively against the cutting direction with a specific grooving angle and space, and in addition, with a moving means A for moving the loading member 9 to a specific direction.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a plasma groove cutting method and a plasma groove cutting device, and more particularly, to cutting a material to be cut by using a plurality of plasma torches for cutting the groove on both sides of the cutting groove. The present invention relates to a plasma groove cutting method and a plasma groove cutting device capable of forming a tip.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art It is well known that the angle of inclination of a cut surface in plasma cutting is larger than that of a cut surface formed by gas cutting. Therefore, even in the groove cutting, it is not preferable when the cut surface constitutes a part of the product. Therefore, in order to correct the inclination of the cutting surface, the cutting surface is finished after cutting, or the torch itself is cut with an appropriate inclination adjusted to a predetermined groove angle. .

[0003]

However, the torch itself is adjusted in advance to a predetermined groove angle to have an inclination angle, and the cut surface is cut at a predetermined groove angle with respect to the surface of the material to be cut. In this case, there is a problem in that the inclination angle of the cut surface is not constant due to various conditions during cutting, and a distorted cut surface is formed.

In addition, by using the technology for swirling the plasma gas developed by the present inventors (for example, a plasma gas swirling method and a swirling device disclosed in Japanese Patent Application No. 5-59289), one end of the cut surface is inclined. It was found that the angle can be cut to the desired angle with respect to the surface of the material to be cut, but even with this technique, plasma gas can be cut with a single torch for each surface forming the groove cut surface. In the case of cutting by turning, even if the surface of one cutting groove can be cut at a desired angle with respect to the surface of the material to be cut, the surface of the other cutting groove is more effective than the case where the plasma gas is not swirled. Since an inclination angle larger than a predetermined groove angle is formed, both surfaces of the cutting groove cannot be treated as products.

An object of the present invention is to make use of the cutting characteristics of a plasma gas swirl flow, which provides a cutting surface having a desired angle of inclination with respect to the surface of a material to be cut, and makes use of the cutting groove in one groove cutting. By cutting both groove cutting surfaces at a predetermined groove angle with respect to the surface of the material to be cut, both surfaces of the groove cutting groove can be finished as one end constituting the product.

[0006]

According to the plasma groove cutting method of the present invention, a plasma gas is supplied around the electrodes and a plasma arc is jetted from a nozzle to cut a material to be cut into a groove. In the cutting method, a plasma torch group configured to swirl the plasma gas to the right and a plasma torch group configured to swirl the plasma gas to the left are used to advance the plasma torch group. Depending on the direction and the product arrangement in the material to be cut, the plasma torch groups are combined in parallel so that the advancing direction vector of the plasma torch group and the tangential direction vector component of the swirling flow of the plasma gas cancel each other It is a plasma groove cutting method characterized by cutting.

Further, the plasma groove cutting apparatus according to the present invention supplies a plasma gas around the electrodes and uses a plurality of plasma torches for ejecting a plasma arc from a nozzle to plasma-cut the material to be cut. In the tip cutting device, a first plasma torch group that injects the plasma gas by swirling the plasma gas to the right with respect to the thickness direction of the material to be cut, and the plasma gas with respect to the thickness direction of the material to be cut. A mounting in which the second plasma torch group that swirls counterclockwise and jets the first plasma torch group and the second plasma torch group are respectively set to predetermined groove angles and arranged in parallel and mounted. A plasma groove cutting device comprising a member and a moving means for moving the mounting member in a predetermined direction.

[0008]

The present inventors have the following view on the relationship between the swirling flow of the plasma gas and the inclination angle of the cut surface. Therefore, the explanation will be given with reference to FIGS. The plasma torch 2 in which the plasma gas is swirled right at a velocity Vf with respect to the thickness direction of the material W to be cut is used as the material W to be cut.
The scanning plane 6 is formed by scanning at a velocity Vt in the direction of the vector Vt at a right angle to the surface of the.

In FIG. 4, the flow velocity vector Vfr in the tangential direction of the swirling flow 2a at the point r of the swirling flow 2a of the plasma gas is formed in the direction opposite to the traveling direction Vt of the torch 2. Also, the flow velocity vector Vf in the tangential direction of the swirl flow 2a at the point b of the swirl flow 2a of the plasma gas.
The b is formed in a direction at the right angle to the traveling direction Vt of the torch 2. The flow velocity vector Vfl in the tangential direction of the swirling flow 2a at the point 1 of the swirling flow 2a of the plasma gas.
Are formed in the same direction as the traveling direction Vt of the torch 2. Further, the flow velocity vector Vff in the tangential direction of the swirling flow 2a at the point f of the swirling flow 2a of the plasma gas is formed in the right-right direction with respect to the traveling direction Vt of the torch 2.

Therefore, the combined flow velocity vector of the velocity vector Vt of the plasma torch 2 and the flow velocity vector Vf of the swirling flow 2a is the traveling direction Vt of the torch 2 at the point r.
Is represented by a combined flow velocity vector having a scalar amount of | Vt | − | Vfr |. Further, the combined flow velocity vector at the point l is | Vt | with respect to the traveling direction Vt of the torch 2.
It is represented by the combined flow velocity vector with a scalar quantity of + | Vfl |.

Therefore, the combined flow velocity vector Vcl for the cut surface 6l on the left side with respect to the traveling direction of the torch 2 has a scalar quantity of | Vt | + | Vfl | at the point l. A scalar amount, which is added to the flow velocity Vf of 2a, is generated in the traveling direction of the torch 2. Further, the combined flow velocity vector Vcr for the cut surface 6r on the right side with respect to the traveling direction of the torch 2 is |
Since the scalar amount of Vt |-| Vfl | When the traveling speed Vt is exceeded, the scalar quantity is generated in the anti-traveling direction of the torch 2 as shown in FIG. Although not shown, when the flow velocity Vf of the swirling flow 2a is lower than the advancing velocity Vt of the torch 2, the scalar amount is generated in the advancing direction of the torch 2.

When a material W to be cut is cut at a right angle to the surface of the material W to be cut by the plasma torch 2 (not shown) using the swirling flow 2a described above, FIG. It is a cutting surface on the left side with respect to the traveling direction, and is formed with an inclination angle of θl from a surface perpendicular to the surface of the material W to be cut. Further, 6r is a cut surface on the right side with respect to the torch traveling direction, and is formed at a right angle to the surface of the material W to be cut. Alternatively, depending on the cutting conditions, it is formed with an inclination angle of θr from a plane perpendicular to the surface of the material W to be cut. At this time, there is a relation of θl> θr and θr is extremely small. Therefore, the left cutting surface 6l has a large inclination angle and is not preferable for one end constituting the product, but the right cutting surface 6r has an extremely small inclination angle and can cut the product W at a right angle to the surface thereof. It can be a preferable cut surface at one end of the structure.

From the principle for explaining the action of the swirling flow and the result of the inclination angle of the cut surface, when the plasma gas is swirled, the advancing direction of the torch and the swirling flow are relative to the advancing direction of the torch. The angle of inclination of the cut surface is large when the tangential component of the torch is equal, and the advancing direction of the torch and the tangential component of the swirl flow are opposite to the advancing direction of the torch. Can be concluded that the angle of inclination of the cut surface is extremely small.

Therefore, applying the above-mentioned principle, a technique for cutting the Y groove will be described with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3, in which the plasma gas 1a is swirled to the right in the thickness direction of the material W to be cut. The plasma torch 1 is set at a predetermined groove angle with respect to the surface of the workpiece W, and the plasma gas 2a is swirled to the right in the thickness direction of the workpiece W. Set at a right angle to the surface of the workpiece W,
Both of them are arranged on the right side with respect to the cutting direction p, and the plasma torch 3 in which the plasma gas 3a is swirled counterclockwise with respect to the thickness direction of the material to be cut W is given to the surface of the material W to be processed. The groove angle is set, and the plasma torch 4 in which the plasma gas 4a is swirled counterclockwise with respect to the thickness direction of the material W to be cut is set at a right angle to the surface of the material W to be processed. It is arranged on the left side with respect to the cutting direction p.

First, the torch 1 precedes and cuts the material W to be cut at a preset groove angle to form a cut surface 5.
Reference numeral 5r, which constitutes a part of the cutting surface 5, is a cutting surface on the right side with respect to the traveling direction p of the torch 1 to the torch 4, and the cutting surface is inclined as described above by appropriately setting the cutting conditions. The angle can be cut to a groove angle set with respect to the surface of the material W to be cut. Further, 5l which constitutes a part of the cut surface 5 is a left cut surface with respect to the traveling direction p of the torch 1 to the torch 4, and as described above, the tilt angle of the cut surface is formed to be larger than the set tilt angle. To be done.

Next, after the torch 1 is cut by the torch 2 at a right angle to the surface of the workpiece W, a cut surface 6 is formed adjacent to the cut surface 5. . 6r which constitutes a part of the cut surface 6 is a right cut surface with respect to the traveling direction p of the torch 1 to the torch 4, and by appropriately setting the cutting conditions, the cut surface is the above-mentioned cut surface. The material W to be cut can be cut at a right angle.
Further, 6l which constitutes a part of the cut surface 6 includes a torch 1 to
The cut surface is on the left side with respect to the traveling direction p of the torch 4, and the inclination angle of the cut surface is formed to be large as described above.

Further, following the torch 2, the torch 3 cuts the material W to be cut at a preset groove angle to form a cut surface 7. At this time, the torch 3 is configured to maintain a predetermined interval with respect to the torches 1 and 2 so that the cutting surfaces of the torch 3 are not affected by the cutting ability of the torch 3. 7l which constitutes a part of the cutting surface 7 is a cutting surface on the left side with respect to the traveling direction p of the torch 1 to the torch 4. By appropriately setting the cutting conditions, the inclination of the cutting surface is as described above. The angle can be cut to a groove angle set with respect to the surface of the material W to be cut.
Further, 7r which constitutes a part of the cut surface 7 includes a torch 1 to
The cut surface is on the right side with respect to the traveling direction p of the torch 4, and as described above, the tilt angle of the cut surface is larger than the set tilt angle.

Finally, after the torch 3 is cut by the torch 4 at a right angle to the surface of the workpiece W, a cut surface 8 is formed adjacent to the cut surface 7. .
8l which constitutes a part of the cutting surface 8 is a cutting surface on the left side with respect to the traveling direction p of the torch 1 to torch 4, and by appropriately setting cutting conditions, the cutting surface is as described above. The material W to be cut can be cut at a right angle. Further, 6 l, which constitutes a part of the cutting surface 6 and has a large inclination angle, is cut by the torch 4. Alternatively, the cut surface formed by the torch 2 and the cut groove formed by the torch 4 are formed at a predetermined interval so that the cut surface 6l is formed in the scrap portion and cut off.

As described above, with respect to the cutting direction p of the material W to be cut, the right groove cut surfaces 5r and 6r and the left groove cut surface 7 are formed.
Since 1 and 8l are cut at a predetermined groove angle which is set in advance with respect to the surface of the material W to be cut, both of the cut pieces can be finished as groove cut surfaces forming a part of the product. I can.

Therefore, in the plasma groove cutting method according to the present invention, as described above, the first torch groups for injecting the plasma gas by swirling the plasma gas to the right in the thickness direction of the material to be cut are each opened in a predetermined manner. A second torch group, which is set to the tip angle and is arranged on the right side with respect to the cutting direction, and which injects the plasma gas by turning the plasma gas counterclockwise with respect to the thickness direction of the material to be cut, has a predetermined groove angle. Is set on the left side with respect to the cutting direction, the first torch group and the second torch group are combined in parallel, and scanning is performed at the same time to perform groove cutting, The first torch group arranged on the right side with respect to the direction cuts the right groove cut surface at a predetermined groove angle with respect to the surface of the material to be cut, and at the same time, arranged on the left side with respect to the cutting direction. The second torch group makes the left cut surface face the surface of the material to be cut. Since cut to included angle Te,
Both groove cut surfaces can be cut at a predetermined groove angle with respect to the surface of the material to be cut at one time, and both groove cut surfaces can be finished with the groove cut surfaces forming one end of the product. .

Further, in the plasma groove cutting device according to the present invention, as described above, the mounting member for mounting the first torch group and the second torch group in parallel is the first torch group. , And the second torch group are fixed at predetermined positions and angles, respectively, so that the individual torches forming the first torch group and the second torch group do not interfere with each other with respect to other torches. It can be mounted and can be configured with a desired cutting width.

Further, since the moving means for moving the mounting member in a predetermined direction is provided, the moving means can move the first torch group and the second torch group in a desired direction and position. As a result, a desired groove can be cut, and both sides of the groove cut surface are cut at predetermined groove angles with respect to the surface of the material to be cut, so that both cut pieces can be handled as products. .

[0023]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a cutting device according to the present invention. FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the cutting device according to the present invention, which is applied to Y-groove cutting using the plasma groove cutting method and the plasma groove cutting device according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a perspective explanatory view showing an arrangement configuration of a torch in which plasma gas is swirled in a predetermined direction with respect to a material to be cut, and FIG. 3 shows arrangement of the torch with respect to the material to be cut and an inclination angle of a groove cut surface. It is a section explanatory view shown.

In the figure, the plasma gas 1a and 2a are respectively swirled rightward around the electrode in the thickness direction of the material W to be jetted, and the plasma arcs 1b and 2b are jetted respectively. A first torch group composed of the plasma torch 1 and the plasma torch 2 that have been cut, and a plasma gas 3a around the electrodes in the thickness direction of the material W to be cut,
A second torch group including a plasma torch 3 and a plasma torch 4, each of which is configured to inject the plasma arc 3b and 4b into the arc, while injecting the plasma arc 4a into the left side, respectively, is arranged in parallel at a predetermined position. The mounting member 9 to be mounted in this manner is mounted on the traverse carriage 10 which constitutes a part of the moving means A.

The mounting member 9 is connected to the plasma gas 1a ...
The respective swirling flows of the plasma gas 4a do not interfere with each other, and the melts blown off by each of the torches 1 to 4 do not adversely affect each other's torches. Further, it is possible to hold the torches 1 to 4 at predetermined intervals so that the groove cutting surfaces formed by the respective torches do not deteriorate due to interference with other torches. Incidentally, the method and apparatus for swirling the plasma gas can be easily realized by being constructed as shown in Japanese Patent Application No. 5-59289 as described in the description of the above-mentioned problems, and therefore will not be particularly described here.

The moving means A is mounted on a pair of rails 14 laid in parallel, and a traveling saddle 12a to which a traveling motor 13 for moving the rails 14 in a predetermined direction is attached; And a cross girder 12 including a cross girder 12b provided in a direction orthogonal to the cross girder 12b.
The traverse carriage 10 provided so as to traverse along b.
And a traverse motor 11 and the like attached to the traverse carriage 10 and driving the carriage 10.

Further, the moving means A is equipped with a numerical control device consisting of a control device 15 on the carriage 12, and the control device is
The numerical control type cutting device 15 controls movements of the carriage 12 and the traverse carriage 10 and operations of the plasma torch 1 to the plasma torch 4.

When predetermined information for groove-cutting the material W to be cut is input to the control device 15 using the plasma groove cutting device constructed as described above, the control device 15 moves the moving means A,
The plasma torch 1 to plasma torch 4 are operated. First, the torch 1 precedes and cuts the material W to be cut,
To form. Reference numeral 5r forming a part of the cut surface 5 is a right cut surface with respect to the traveling direction p of the torch 1 to the torch 4, and the inclination angle of the cut surface is preset with respect to the surface of the material W to be cut. It can be cut to a predetermined groove angle. Further, 5l which constitutes a part of the cut surface 5 is a left cut surface with respect to the traveling direction p of the torch 1 to the torch 4, and the cut surface has an inclination angle larger than a set inclination angle.

Next, after the torch 1 is cut by the torch 2 at a right angle to the surface of the material W to be cut, a cutting surface 6 is formed adjacent to the cutting surface 5. . 6r which constitutes a part of the cut surface 6 includes a torch 1 to a torch 4
Is a right cut surface with respect to the traveling direction p of
r can be cut at a right angle to the surface of the material W to be cut.
Further, 5 l, which forms a part of the cut surface 5 and has a large inclination angle, is formed in a scrap portion cut by the torch 2. At this time, the torch 1 and the torch 2 are mounted with a sufficient space therebetween so that the torch 2 does not affect the cut surface 5r.

Further, when the torch 3 cuts the workpiece W following the torch 2, a cut surface 7 is formed. At this time, the cutting surface 5r is cut by the cutting ability of the torch 3.
The torch 3 is configured to hold a predetermined distance from the torch 1 and the torch 2 so as not to affect 6 and 6r. 7l which constitutes a part of the cut surface 7 is a left cut surface with respect to the traveling direction p of the torch 1 to the torch 4, and the inclination angle of the cut surface 7l is preset with respect to the surface of the material W to be cut. It is possible to cut at a predetermined groove angle.
Further, 7r which constitutes a part of the cutting surface 7 is a right cutting surface with respect to the traveling direction p of the torch 1 and the torch 2, and the inclination angle of the cutting surface 7r is formed larger than the set inclination angle.

Finally, after the torch 3 is cut by the torch 4 at a right angle to the surface of the material W to be cut, a cutting surface 8 is formed adjacent to the cutting surface 7. .
8l which constitutes a part of the cut surface 8 is a left cut surface with respect to the traveling direction p of the torch 1 to the torch 4, and the cut surface 8l can be cut at a right angle to the surface of the material W to be cut. Further, 7r forming a part of the cutting surface 7 and having a large inclination angle is formed in a scrap portion cut by the torch 4. At this time, the torch 4 has a cut surface of 7 l
The torch 4, the torch 3, the torch 1, and the torch 2 are mounted with a sufficient space therebetween so as not to affect 5 and 6r.

As described above, with respect to the cutting direction p of the material W to be cut, the right groove cut surfaces 5r and 6r and the left groove cut surface 7 are formed.
Since l and 8l are respectively cut at a predetermined groove angle set in advance with respect to the surface of the material W to be cut, both cut are finished as groove cut surfaces forming a part of the product. You can

In the present embodiment, the cutting groove formed by the torch 2 and the cutting groove formed by the torch 4 are overlapped with each other. However, if necessary, separate cutting grooves may be formed for cutting. You can also Further, the first torch group including the plasma gas 1a, the plasma torch 1 in which the plasma gas 2a is swirled to the right with respect to the thickness direction of the material W to be cut, and the plasma torch 2 is placed on the right side with respect to the cutting direction p. The plasma gas 3a in the thickness direction of the material W to be cut,
A second torch group composed of the plasma torch 3 and the plasma torch 4 in which the plasma gas 4a is swirled to the left is arranged on the left side with respect to the cutting direction p, and the first torch group is preceded by Although the second torch group is followed, under the above configuration, the first torch group may be followed after the second torch group is preceded.

Further, the torches in the first and second torch groups may be preceded by any torch, and further, all torches composed of the plasma torch 1 to the plasma torch 4 may be preceded. The leading order of may start with any torch and end with any torch. Alternatively, all the torches composed of the plasma torches 1 to 4 may be arranged in parallel with each other at a predetermined interval that does not interfere with each other.

Further, although the present embodiment is applied to the Y groove cutting, it can be applied to various groove cutting such as X groove cutting as well as I groove cutting.

Further, in the present embodiment, the plasma gas was swirled by the primary air stream. However, when the plasma gas is composed of the primary air stream and the secondary air stream, it is possible to swirl one or both of them. Also in the case of the multiple air flow, it is possible to swirl any plasma gas.

[0037]

Since the plasma groove cutting method and the plasma groove cutting apparatus according to the present invention have the above-described structure and operation, both surfaces of the cutting groove obtained by groove cutting the material to be cut are manufactured. Can be finished to a groove angle set in advance with respect to the surface of the material to be cut. Therefore, finishing work for correcting the inclined portion of the groove cut surface to finish is not required.

Further, the cutting groove formed by the first plasma torch group for injecting the plasma gas by swirling the plasma gas rightward with respect to the thickness direction of the material to be cut, and the plasma in the thickness direction of the material to be cut. By overlapping cutting with the cutting groove formed by the second plasma torch group that injects the gas by swirling it counterclockwise, the scrap area at the time of cutting can be reduced, so efficient groove cutting can be performed. .

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a cutting device of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective explanatory view showing an arrangement configuration of a torch in which plasma gas is swirled in a predetermined direction with respect to a material to be cut.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional explanatory view showing the arrangement of the torch with respect to the material to be cut and the inclination angle of the groove cut surface.

FIG. 4 is a plan view for explaining the action of a plasma gas swirl flow on a cut surface.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional explanatory view of a cut surface for explaining the action of the plasma gas swirl flow on the cut surface.

[Explanation of symbols]

1, 2, 3, 4 ... Plasma torch 1a, 2a, 3a, 4a ... Plasma gas 1b, 2b, 3b, 4b ... Plasma arc 5, 5r, 5l, 6, 6r, 6l ... Cut surface 7, 7r, 7l, 8, 8r, 8l ... Cutting surface 9 ... Mounting member 10 ... Traverse carriage 11 ... Traverse motor 12 ... Cart 12a ... Travel saddle 12b ... Cross girder 13 ... Traveling motor 14 ... Rail 15 ... Control device W ... Workpiece A ... Move means

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A plasma groove cutting method in which a plasma gas is supplied to the periphery of an electrode and a plasma arc is injected from a nozzle to perform a groove cutting on a material to be cut. A plasma torch group configured to perform and a plasma torch group configured to inject the plasma gas by rotating the plasma gas to the left, and the plasma according to the traveling direction of the plasma torch group and the product arrangement in the material to be cut. A plasma groove cutting method, wherein the plasma torch groups are combined in parallel so as to perform groove cutting so that the advancing direction vector of the torch group and the tangential direction vector component of the swirling flow of the plasma gas cancel each other out. 2. A plasma groove cutting device for supplying a plasma gas to the periphery of an electrode and cutting a material to be cut using a plurality of plasma torches for ejecting a plasma arc from a nozzle. Of the first plasma torch for injecting the plasma gas by swirling the gas to the right with respect to the thickness direction of the workpiece, and a second plasma torch for injecting the plasma gas by swirling the plasma gas to the left in the thickness direction of the material to be cut. Group, the first plasma torch group and the second plasma torch group are set to predetermined groove angles, respectively, and a mounting member that is arranged in parallel and mounted, and the mounting member in a predetermined direction. A plasma groove cutting device comprising a moving means for moving.